Problems with sewage treatment cause a lot of trouble for owners of suburban real estate. The owners of private houses most acutely face the issue of connecting to the central sewage line. In rural areas, sewer pipelines are a rarity.
Creation of an autonomous sewage system in a private household
For creating comfortable conditions residence, homeowners are required to take care of the disposal of liquid human waste. There are only two options for resolving the issue:
- create a local treatment system with a cesspool;
- install a septic tank for a high groundwater level.
In economic terms, the second option is considered less expensive. For a house in the countryside, it is required to install a septic tank for a summer residence. A high level of groundwater will require additional costs for pumping and removing the accumulated liquid. And the services of a sewer machine are expensive.
Installing a factory-made septic tank will require a large investment at the initial stage of building a sewer system. But in the process of operation, the costs will pay off with interest. Which septic tank to choose for a private house with a high level of groundwater is a question that should be studied in detail.
If moisture comes out at a depth below three meters, then feel free to buy any installation. But when the liquid appears in a meter thick soil, then the choice of equipment for autonomous sewage is limited to several models, which will be described below.
Determining the level of groundwater
There are several ways to find out this parameter:
- ask the neighbors, ask the old-timers locality in which your house or cottage is located;
- drill a well one and a half to two meters deep (which corresponds to the optimal level in which it is planned to place a septic tank for a high level of groundwater).
Important! The best time of the year to determine the exact horizon of the liquid underground in a particular area is considered to be early spring, when the snow melts.
The obtained measurement results will become the starting parameter in the process of selecting and acquiring the equipment necessary to create a sewerage system in a private house.
Installing a septic tank requires a special construction technology. The equipment is carefully fixed on a concrete base.
Otherwise, during the spring flood, sewer tanks will be squeezed out of the ground. Depressurization will occur, and environmental damage will be caused to the surrounding area.
Operating principle
The process of removal, collection and disposal of sewage is quite simple:
- dirty water through pipes enters the first tank;
- insoluble suspensions settle at the bottom of the sump;
- fermentation begins in the water due to the bacteria living in the tank (they feed on solid deposits);
- the gas emitted by microorganisms - methane (it is explosive) is discharged through the fan pipe into the atmosphere;
- 75% purified liquid flows into the drainage underground layer or into the filtration field;
- the sediment that has settled on the bottom is removed independently or by public utility workers.
Additional installation of a biofilter in the septic tank increases the degree of wastewater treatment up to 90%. Anaerobic bacteria process solid impurities in the sewer and turn them into sludge. From time to time the sediment is removed manually.
After primary purification, the liquid enters the aerotank, where the fermentation process continues. The rate of accumulation of effluents in autonomous sewage tanks depends on the intensity of water use and the number of people living in the house.
Calculation of the capacity of the treatment plant
Sanitary regulations require that a septic tank for high groundwater levels contain three days of sewage. Legislative acts establish the amount of water consumption for household needs: 200 liters per day per person living in the house. Therefore, for families with four members, septic tanks will be required at a high groundwater level with a minimum tank volume of 2400 liters.
Most local wastewater treatment plants have two or three chambers.
The capacity of the second container is allowed to be reduced by one quarter in relation to the first.
When designing a structure, it is necessary to ensure the possibility of accepting a salvo discharge.
This parameter is calculated by the level of placement of the device for overflowing liquid from the first container to the second.
The higher the outlet is located, the less free space remains in the first receiving compartment. The location of the overflow pipe determines the performance of the septic tank.
Which septic tank is better
A review of plumbing devices for local sewerage systems revealed that the market offers a lot of models for consumers with excellent technical characteristics.
Based on sales volumes and the study of customer reviews, we have compiled a short rating of factory-made installations:
- Ecopan. Consists of six chambers made of durable polymer. Its capacity is enough for waste disposal of 6-8 people;
- installation "Breeze". Able to meet the needs of 3-5 people permanently residing in country house. The equipment consists of a double tank with a biofilter;
- septic "Graf". Modular design. The set is made up with one, two or three containers;
- local cleaning system"Aster". Sewerage station with high efficiency. A specific model is selected according to the number of residents in the house. Able to dispose of drains from several cottages.
Without a doubt the best septic tanks recognized installations industrial production. Manufacturers guarantee 100% tightness of their equipment. Homemade structures, such as a precast concrete septic tank, with high level groundwater copes much worse.
Factory units are equipped with a filtration system that meets the requirements sanitary norms and are excellent at handling loads.
Equipment manufactured in an industrial environment has powerful protection against mechanical external damage.
Homemade sedimentation tanks are not able to compete with factory installations. Often they break tightness and leak into the ground.
Useful advice. If the homeowner does not have experience in arranging sewerage, we recommend inviting a specialist for advice. The professional will study the features of the territory and determine the required volume of waste disposal. He will help you choose and tell you how to properly install a septic tank at a high level of groundwater in order to protect it from arbitrary ascent.
Storage type equipment
These septic tanks are purchased for installation in households with temporary residence of people. A concrete septic tank with a high level of groundwater is ideal for placement in summer cottages. Simple and inexpensive models are designed for processing small volumes. The capacity of the container is determined on the basis of the average daily water consumption by one person: 60-300 liters. For cleaning, you will have to order a sewage machine. It is necessary to weigh all the arguments, and only then make a decision in favor of acquiring and installing a storage type.
When choosing equipment, pay close attention to the tank wall thickness. Keep in mind that he will have to withstand enormous loads. Ground pressure increases in areas with high water tables.
The place for the placement of the structure is selected taking into account the provision of free access for the sewage truck.
The storage tank can be made by hand. The ideal option is considered to be a monolithic reinforced concrete structure. It corresponds to the main parameter for septic tanks with a high level of groundwater - tightness.
To create a cleaning local facility storage type are used:
- iron containers;
- plastic containers;
- eurocubes.
Effluent is directed to a container buried in the ground. The high location of groundwater is not an obstacle to such structures.
The main disadvantage of storage septic tanks is high operating costs and the spread of an unpleasant odor (it intensifies during pumping).
Biological wastewater treatment
The equipment is manufactured only in the factory. In septic tanks, conditions are created for the life of bacteria. They process waste coming from the sewer into a collection tank. To maintain conditions productive activity biological microorganisms require saturation of the liquid with oxygen. For this purpose, air compressors are included in the factory kits. The movement of liquid from one chamber to another is carried out by an integrated pump.
Septic tank for high groundwater level with function biological treatment is considered the most efficient facility for the disposal of sewage. The purified liquid is safely used for watering the lawn, vegetable garden and garden.
Septic tanks have low energy consumption. The only drawback is the high cost of the equipment. Quality designs, unfortunately, do not come cheap.
The procedure for installing a septic tank in a site with a high level of groundwater is as follows:
- dig a pit, the size of which will exceed the dimensions of the installation by 50 cm along the perimeter;
- lay a concrete slab at the bottom of the pit or fill the site with a solution of sand, gravel and water;
- securely fasten the equipment on the sole;
- fill half of the containers with water and fill the hole with soil at the same level, pouring water over the layers of the earth with water from a hose;
- add liquid to the septic tank to the full volume and finish backfilling the pit.
Plastic tanks that are not securely fastened can float during spring floods. To avoid such a nuisance, in areas with a high level of groundwater for fixing installations, except for anchor bolts bandage belts are used.
Settling tanks made of concrete rings
They are built with lifting mechanisms. Reinforced concrete rings are installed in a pre-prepared pit. Their number is determined by the three-day volume of sewage or the depth of the dug hole.
The first ring is installed on concrete base.
The second is placed on top of the solution. If necessary, install both the third and fourth rings. All seams are sealed cement mortar with liquid glass.
A concrete septic tank with a high level of groundwater is considered the best construction for household plots among similar self-built systems.
The advantage of the design lies in reliability and durability. Among the shortcomings, it is worth noting the complexity of implementation installation work. You can't do without a crane. Rejected rings may have subtle cracks that will shorten the life of the structure.
Eurocube system
The idea of creating a septic tank for an autonomous sewage system from several sealed containers appeared recently. But she has already managed to conquer many lovers of the construction of treatment facilities with her own hands. To create a septic tank, you will need to purchase two or three Eurocubes. They are sequentially mounted in the pit.
The attractiveness of the idea consists of:
- an inexpensive way to create a septic tank (the price of a Eurocube is lower than factory-made equipment);
- ease of installation (the container has a low weight);
- resistance of polymers to aggressive environments.
Negative points: it is impossible to ensure the forced flow of liquid between the containers.
Do-it-yourself installation and installation
Construction of treatment facilities at household plots from rubble stone, brick, old tires for trucks or other improvised materials have sunk into the past. The main obstacle to the above homemade devices is the inability to eliminate the leakage of wastewater outside the tanks.
Metal tanks are required to be coated with an anti-corrosion compound. The service life of iron containers is less than that of polymer products.
Keep in mind, if you decide to build a septic tank with your own hands, the high level of groundwater favors the choice of plastic tanks. They are available in all sizes and configurations. Tanks are made from:
- polyethylene;
- polypropylene;
- fiberglass.
Tanks have high strength against mechanical damage, successfully resist high pressure soil and chemical reagents (detergents and cleaners, washing powders).
Useful advice! For home-made septic tanks for deep sewage treatment, install the overflow pipe at a level, stepping back from the top edge of 1/2-1/3 of the height of the tank. A branch pipe embedded at this level in structures made of eurocubes will provide free space for receiving a salvo discharge of 300 liters.
A few words about the installation and The high level of groundwater greatly complicates the construction of the structure. Keep this in mind.
Monolithic reinforced concrete structure
The ideal solution to the issue would be the installation of monolithic structures that make up the septic tank at a high level of groundwater. User reviews indicate that this is best solution for the creation of an autonomous sewer.
External and internal surfaces are covered with a waterproofing composition.
For the overflow of wastewater, holes are made into which pipes are inserted.
The movement of liquid between tanks is an important condition for the normal functioning of the installation.
The top plate is made with holes for a manhole and a vent pipe. The sewer line is laid from the house along a trench half-filled with sand.
Filtration fields
They are created on personal plots with a high level of groundwater. The final post-treatment of sewage flows takes place on a specially created site. To this end, determine the place where the liquid will be discharged at the outlet of the septic tank.
A fertile layer of soil is removed from the marked area. The edges are trimmed. The pit is filled with sand mixed with crushed stone of fine fraction. Purified water is discharged into nearby water bodies or into drainage system.
If there is a high level of groundwater in a private area, the arrangement of an autonomous sewage system inevitably causes several fairly serious problems at once. However, this does not mean that the owners of houses located on such soils cannot have a complete wastewater collection and treatment system. To equip it, it is enough to fulfill a number of conditions that ensure the functionality of the equipment and the safety of the environment.
In the vast majority of cases, this device is used to equip autonomous sewage systems. A septic tank is two or more tanks, each of which provides a wastewater treatment process. For example, the simplest option with two separated wells works like this. Effluent, getting into the first tank, under the influence of gravity is divided into solid sediment and liquid. The latter is discharged through the bypass collector into the next tank, from where it is pumped out or goes into the ground through the drainage.
It is due to the fact that in some areas the level of soil moisture is quite high, this configuration of the septic tank is unacceptable. Why - described in the next subsection of this material. But in such cases, you should not be too upset. Nevertheless, it is quite possible to install a septic tank in problem areas, although this is associated with additional costs and, more importantly, with special conditions that must be met.
Problems due to groundwater
What problems do groundwaters have with them, which are located high enough in a particular area? And by the way, how much is it - high or low? Indeed, some sources claim that soil moisture is not deep - this is when it is found at a meter distance from the surface of the site. Others say that even three and a half meters is “high”, unsuitable for arranging a wastewater collection system, water.
In practice, everything is much simpler and clearer - if the installation depth of the septic tank (the pillow under its bottom) is at a level below the upper surface of the ground moisture, then the site is definitely problematic in this regard.
What happens if you install the wrong septic tank in such an area? There are only four main problems:
- Pollution environment. An ordinary septic tank, not equipped with additional equipment for wastewater treatment, gives enough dirty water. And if the container is not yet airtight, all this "fertilizer" goes into the ground, being washed away by the aforementioned waters. It would seem, like nothing terrible - the same fertilizer. However, oversaturation of the soil with poorly treated wastewater eventually leads to the death of plants and other living organisms in the area.
- Drinking water pollution. Even if the well or well is at a sufficient distance from the septic tank (50 and 10 meters, respectively), the ground moisture washing it will speed up the process of mixing drinking water with raw sewage. As a result of this, insufficiently transparent and, moreover, with a characteristic flow will flow from the tap in the house. bad smell water.
- Decreased drainage efficiency. Due to oversaturation with moisture, the soil completely loses its ability to absorb more moisture. And if you equip on a similar site drainage well, its efficiency will be practically zero, if not negative (when ground moisture, on the contrary, will fill the container).
- Pushing the septic tank out of the ground. AT winter period due to the presence of soil moisture around the septic tank, and its freezing (as a result of which it inevitably expands), there is a risk of the so-called pushing containers to the surface. As a result, not only the treatment structure itself will be damaged, but also the sewer, bypass pipes, landscape, and so on.
To avoid all these problems, you need, first of all, to choose the right septic tank.
Choosing a septic tank for problem areas
There are only a few conditions for choosing in such cases. The most important of them is the complete tightness of all tanks, from the receiving one to the storage one. Such a system would not allow waste water mix with the natural moisture present in the soil, which, as already described above, leads to quite serious problems.
The second condition is the sufficient strength of the septic tank so that it can be fixed in the ground. This process is called anchoring, and it solves the problem of heaving of the soil in winter, when the expanding mass of soil tends to push the equipment to the surface.
And, finally, the third condition, although not as categorical as the previous two, is that it is desirable to equip problem areas with fully functional treatment facilities - the so-called VOCs. In such equipment, wastewater is almost completely cleaned, which means that the risk of environmental pollution and drinking water is reduced to zero.
Installation of a septic tank in problem areas
If the groundwater in your area is above the level of the treatment plant sewer equipment, then this process must be accompanied by the following requirements:
- Minimum installation depth. For these purposes, it is better to use septic tanks that have not a vertical, but a horizontal layout. They are much smaller in height, which automatically reduces the depth of their installation.
- Reliable pillow. Before installation in the pit of the septic tank, a sand cushion and a base of concrete slabs are laid on the bottom. This will strengthen the fulcrum for filled tanks, preventing them from sinking or moving in other directions.
- Anchoring. The septic tank itself must be fixed in place. To do this, the containers are mounted on pile supports or directly to the plate previously installed at the bottom. This procedure allows you to deal with heaving of soils in the winter.
- Installation of a forced pump. The purified liquid is pumped out of the septic tank into the drive forcibly, since the latter is higher than the first.
- Correct filling. The space remaining around the installed septic tank is sprinkled first with sand, and then with a cement-sand (dry) mixture. The binder (cement) in a short time will pick up moisture from the soil and give strength to the sprinkling, which will further strengthen the stationary position of the septic tank.
- Timely service. The drive must be serviced regularly. At the same time, it is necessary not only to pump it out once a year, but also to check its tightness, integrity and general condition.
If you are the owner of a site with a problematic location of groundwater, and you still need to equip the sewer, contact our company. We will help you choose the right treatment equipment for your case, determine the location of its deployment, as well as install and connect everything in accordance with the latest rules and regulations. To contact consultants, use the contact phone number or form feedback on the site.
The selection of septic tanks for a summer residence or a private house is an important household task. The installation should serve for a long time, coping well with its function. We will analyze which option is better if the groundwater is at a high level. Features of the installation of prefabricated structures and options for installing septic tanks using various materials in difficult geological conditions.
Small treatment facilities for private households or summer cottages differ in a number of parameters, they are divided into the following types:
- accumulative;
- models that require filtering fields;
- aerobic, with the possibility of cleaning up to 98%.
The process of installing a septic tank suburban area Septic tanks made industrial way, are able to filter effluents so high quality that the output is technical water without the need for additional post-treatment. These units require a power connection to operate as they are equipped with air compressors. Their price is quite high, but such expenses cannot be called unreasonable.
Positive feedback from the owners was earned by the Tank septic tanks with a deep biological treatment system. The installation is characterized as unpretentious, not requiring intervention in the work.
Storage septic tanks represent the tank made of material, steady against biologically active agents. From time to time, you will have to resort to forced pumping.
The design has a number of advantages, these are:
- ease of installation;
- durability;
- safety for the environment.
The scheme of operation of a septic tank with a filtration field Septic tanks, involving filter fields, have a multi-chamber device, purify drains by about 75%. For its post-treatment, a drainage system is arranged from pipelines with special holes. Water gets through them on a cushion of rubble and sand. The system is built on the ability of the soil to self-purify. Such septic tanks do not require pumping. But for the arrangement of filtration fields and calculation of their area, many points must be taken into account, for example:
- depth of freezing of the earth;
- tank volume.
- soil composition.
According to the recommendations of experts, it is impossible to organize such a post-treatment drainage system if the distance between groundwater and pipes is less than 1 m. Therefore, in areas with a complicated geological picture, it is necessary to resort to the services of professionals.
Important! You can not neglect the rules and technical recommendations when installing any septic tank on your site. Sewer drains can pollute groundwater in a short time. Household negligence can lead to a local environmental disaster.
Materials of the body of septic tanks
For the production of septic tanks and their independent design, they are mainly used:
- concrete rings.
- Metal.
- Different types of plastic.
- Monolithic concrete.
- Brick.
Modern industrial septic tanks are made plastic. The tanks are equipped with stiffeners, the material is highly resistant to biologically aggressive environments. Penetration of liquid from such reservoirs into the environment is practically excluded.
plastic septic tank Polypropylene structure "Astra-3", used mainly for country houses, has earned flattering reviews from the owners. It is characterized by the owners as an installation that gives urban comfort in the field. Consumers write that maintenance is required once a year.
With proper installation plastic septic tank suitable for areas with close groundwater. But for such terrain, it is better to avoid structures made of concrete rings or bricks. The prefabricated material cannot provide the necessary sealing. What threatens with the ingress of liquid from the septic tank into the soil and the flow of melt or groundwater inside. This is fraught with disruption of the ecosystem and pumping out the contents too often.
Septic Astra 3 Monolithic device concrete septic tank is associated with a number of difficulties. You will need reinforcement, a solid foundation, formwork, cement mixture. The technology is complex, time-consuming and costly in finance. But on the other hand, tightness is ensured, the design is very durable.
metal containers for independent device septic tanks are used quite often. It can be barrels or tanks. They are recommended to be treated with anti-corrosion substances both outside and inside. The advantages of septic tanks from metal tanks are the relative ease of installation, relatively low weight. Minuses: short term services and limited scope.
Determination of the height of groundwater
The most comprehensive information on this issue will be provided by geological surveys carried out at the site. It is worth ordering such a service if other construction works. However, if a small country house, expensive methods of studying the soil are impractical.
You can do simple research yourself. spend them better in spring, after the snow melts, when the groundwater level is at its maximum. To do this, at different points of the site (for accuracy and reliability), observation wells are drilled at least 1.5 m deep. If there is a well on the site, you can measure the water level in it. It would be useful to interview neighbors, people who have lived nearby for a long time have probably come across this pressing issue.
You can determine the level of groundwater by observing the plants The latter method, no matter how archaic it may seem, gives an objective idea of the desired depth of groundwater. You need to look at the vegetation on the site. This method has been used in old times. It is based on a simple principle - grass with juicy fleshy leaves or stems on a dry (at first glance) site is a sure sign of close groundwater. Plants-indicators of the location of underground veins at a depth of only 0.5-1 m:
- coltsfoot;
- horse sorrel;
- sedge;
- cattail;
- hemlock;
- horsetail.
Features of installing a septic tank on a flooded area
The container must be sealed. Even small holes and cracks will serve as a source of groundwater pollution. Choose plastic version- the right balanced approach in difficult geological conditions. In this case ideal solution will be the acquisition of an industrially manufactured septic tank that has passed factory tests. The choice of a specific model, technological complexity and volume depends on private needs. So, in the country, where they do not live permanently, they do not install a complex sewer system of a large volume. And for a cottage, the most serious approach is needed, even if it is associated with financial costs.
Installation of a septic tank on a concrete base Need to take care of correct installation septic tank. The close occurrence of groundwater can lead to heaving, pushing the reservoir to the surface of the earth. This crash will break sewer system, mechanical damage pipeline and violation of the integrity of the septic tank itself. To prevent these consequences, it is recommended to install it on a concrete base. When pouring such a slab, it is necessary to provide it with lugs made of bent reinforcement. A septic tank is attached to them with cables, nylon ropes, slings.
Advice. If it is planned to install minimal sanitary equipment in the house, for example, in a country house, simple solution problems can be the arrangement of the drive without deepening it into the soil.
The sewerage device is always associated with earthworks. In conditions of high location of groundwater, this can be difficult. It is recommended to carry out all manipulations during the dry period, when underground water veins dry out as much as possible. But this is not always possible. In difficult cases, you have to work while standing in liquid mud or water. Then you need to resort to the use of a drainage pump.
Utilization of purified water Whatever material or design of the septic tank is chosen, special attention must be paid to its installation. Each of us is responsible for the cleanliness and preservation of the environment. We must not forget about the danger of its pollution by sewage.
Sewerage for a country house: video
The choice of a septic tank is a crucial moment that must be approached, taking into account the indicators of groundwater and the frequency of its use. The wrong approach can lead to difficulties in installing the structure, flooding or floating of the septic tank, and violation of its tightness. To avoid this, it is necessary to take into account all the nuances and successfully select septic tanks for summer cottages with a high level of groundwater (GWL).
The first method is suitable for summer residents who have a well. The level is easy to calculate by measuring the distance from the surface of the earth to the water in the well.
Thus, knowing the theory and methods, it is not so difficult to determine the GWL for installing septic tanks for summer cottages with a high level of groundwater.
Factory-made septic tanks for summer cottages with a high level of groundwater
For those who do not want to “bother” and make a septic tank with their own hands, factory-made designs that have several types are perfect. Each of them has both its disadvantages and advantages.
Related article:
What models are on the market? Which manufacturer to choose, so as not to overpay in the end? How to do the installation yourself? This and much more in the detailed material.
Ground type construction
This option has a lot of advantages. Firstly, its installation does not require a pit, which must be further strengthened and insulated.
Secondly, it has only one capacity, which can save a lot of money.
It is not without its drawbacks, of course. Such a design is not aesthetically pleasing, and in addition, it takes up quite a lot of space on the site.
In addition, if the bathroom is often used, then it is often necessary to order a sewage truck, which means paying for it and having a septic tank in the conditions of the need for an entrance to it.
Thus, a ground-based septic tank can significantly save money and effort, and is perfect for those who visit the country house only periodically.
Useful advice! Get a similar design if you do not often visit the country. So you save money, both on installation and on the services of vacuum trucks.
Underground plastic septic tank
The main advantage of factory-made structures is their complete tightness, which in any case will not allow toxic waste to seep into the groundwater that feeds the well or source.
The downside, for the most part, is the price of the device itself and its installation. In addition, installation is not only expensive, but also quite complex in terms of the type of work. In order to prevent groundwater from pushing it out during the operation of the device, the pit is additionally strengthened, a concrete cushion is laid on its bottom, to which all three containers cling to with special belts or other fasteners.
Important information! Such septic tanks, designed for summer cottages with a high level of groundwater, should be installed if you permanently live in the country and want to be sure of the tightness of the structure.
Do-it-yourself construction of septic tanks for a private house
If you want to save a lot of money, and you have the desire and time to carefully study the drawings, instructions and videos, then you can complete the design yourself.
Important information! Do-it-yourself brick buildings and septic tanks from concrete rings, the schemes of which are in in large numbers can be found on the Internet, it is not recommended to do it. Such solutions do not have the tightness that such devices should have, which means that you will not be insured against draining waste into groundwater.
Option one: installing eurocubes
To implement the first solution, you will only need to purchase special eurocubes - sealed tanks, which then will need to be fastened with pipes and placed in a pre-dug and reinforced pit.
This option is easy to install, and very low material costs. You will need to perform just a few simple steps with ready-made containers. In addition, already quite inexpensive Eurocubes can be bought from former owners, which will reduce the final cost by several times.
Related article:
Is such a design possible and how difficult is it to self-assembly? We will answer these and other questions in a separate publication.
Option two: do-it-yourself septic tank made of concrete rings, diagrams and photos
It consists of the following sequential steps:
- First of all, the pit breaks out right size, which is strengthened and insulated.
- Concrete rings are being installed to the required depth.
- The joints of the rings are sealed inside and out.
- A sand and gravel cushion is arranged at the bottom.
- Holes are made from which the purified liquid will come out.
Useful advice! The concrete with which you will seal the joints must be supplemented with a special waterproofing mixture.
More detailed instructions you can see in the video below:
Thus, doing septic tanks for a private house with your own hands, with proper preparation, is an extremely feasible task.
Drawing conclusions
A well-executed design is a guarantee comfortable rest in the country, the purity of groundwater. In order to properly install septic tanks for summer cottages with a high level of groundwater, you will need a little patience and maximum attention to the proposed materials. Following our instructions and detailed recommendations, you can be sure that you will do everything right. And an additional video will add even more self-confidence.
Septic tank on groundwater (video)
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Septic tanks for summer cottages: which one is better to choose and where to install it?
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O the lack of a sewer system forces the owners of suburban dwellings to install autonomous treatment facilities. Their functioning depends on many parameters, including the proximity of the passage of groundwater. Their close occurrence complicates the creation of treatment facilities. At the same time, suitable ones with a high level of groundwater are selected, which are adapted to such conditions.
With an increased passage of water arteries underground, quite complex treatment structures can be mounted.
You can calculate the location of underground currents in the territory in spring time when snow melts or after long rains in autumn.
To independently find out the depth of underground arteries, you will need the following tools:
- garden drill, the length of which is 2 m;
- a spoon drill that can drill to a depth of 5 m;
- rod of a certain length.
After drilling a well, it must be left for a day. During this time, water will appear in it. Then the water level is measured with a rod. Marks are made on it in advance, which indicate centimeters. After that, for several days, observations are made of the water level, if it does not change, then this is an indicator of the presence of water underground.
Factory made septic tank
An important criterion in the selection of a treatment plant is tightness. plastic containers, produced in the factory, fully satisfy such requests.
Installation of such a design is laborious. At the same time, a pit is dug out and all the necessary containers are placed in it.
Since groundwater can push the treatment structure up, it is necessary to secure the septic tank well. In this case, a pillow is made of concrete, and then a container is attached to it.
Useful information! For areas with close access groundwater equipment with three cameras is used. In the first tank, primary cleaning will be performed, and in the remaining two, post-treatment will be performed.
The nuances of installing septic tanks for a private house with your own hands
Septic tanks for summer cottages with a high level of groundwater are best installed in the autumn-summer period. For laying you need to make a pit. In this case, it is necessary to accurately determine the height of the base and the container. The structure should be secured with cables. The trench must be made at a distance of six meters from the foundation.
When groundwater is high, a drainage pipe is laid, and sand is poured to the bottom. A concrete slab must be installed on top.
Before filling the sand-cement composition, it is necessary to connect the structure with the filtration fields. In this case, special couplings are used that improve the tightness.
Useful advice! The lid of the treatment plant must be above the ground line. This will prevent melt and rainwater from getting inside. In winter, it is recommended to cover the cover with thermal insulation boards.
How to perform a treatment plant when groundwater is close?
When placing groundwater near the surface, you can try to create septic tanks for a private house with your own hands. For their laying, brick or concrete rings are used.
The following points should be taken into account in the work:
- between the surface of the pit and the treatment structure there should be a space of 10-15 cm;
- the thickness of the sand cushion is within 5-10 cm;
- it is necessary to make formwork from boards;
- so that the tank cannot move, you need to fill the distance between the surfaces of the septic tank and the pit with sand;
- backfilling is done by gradually filling the tank with water.
The simplest septic tank can be made with your own hands from plastic containers. You can use Eurocube. In this case, the containers must be connected with special pipes through which waste liquids will move. Finished chambers must be coated with special waterproofing.
Useful information! To create a sealed structure will allow the installation of a monolithic well made of reinforced concrete.
Related article:
Do-it-yourself septic tank option from concrete rings: diagram and photo
You can create a solid septic tank from concrete rings with your own hands. The diagram shows all the main stages of installation.
Before proceeding to the installation, you need to calculate and plan everything. At the same time, it is worth determining where the structure of the tanks will be located. This takes into account the following points:
- the length from the device to the building must be at least five meters;
- distance from wells to springs drinking water is at least 50 m;
- distance to water bodies - about 11 m;
- to garden plantings about 4 meters.
For laying concrete elements, special equipment will be required. May need crane and a truck. After the calculations, three pits are made, which should be 10-12% larger than the rings. The bottom of the first two trenches is equipped with concrete pads, which are aligned horizontally. The bottom of the third recess should be deeper than the rest. Crushed stone and sand are poured into it.
Rings before installation are treated with a bitumen composition. With the help of special equipment, concrete elements are placed inside. All joints are treated with liquid glass.
It is also worth digging trenches for connecting sewer lines. At the entry points to the rings, sealing is carried out using fittings and sealants.
After curing hermetic lubricants, sewer manholes are installed. Processing in progress bituminous mastic. Wells are insulated stone wool and polystyrene foam.
The distance between the well and the soil is covered with earth. You can also use clay for better waterproofing. From above, blind areas are made of concrete to remove sedimentary flows.
