I have been dreaming of buying a compressor for two years now. A very useful device for a wide variety of jobs in the garage: pumping wheels, painting with a gun, blowing engine parts, and so on. On average, a simple compressor costs 10 thousand rubles, a home-made one cost 300 rubles, plus a bunch of rubbish that was lying around at home. An old compressor from a refrigerator, a gas cylinder, a pressure gauge 10 BAR, angles and tees from brass, plugs for them, metal nipples with threads from moped chambers, clamps, washers.
For manufacturing, I used a compressor from a cylindrical refrigerator installed horizontally. It has a capacity of 10 l / min, which is very small compared to industrial ones, but I don’t need to, say, bleed air at a low pressure of 3 Bar for 5-10 seconds, when the pressure in the receiver (I’ll talk about it later) is 8-9 Bar.
For the receiver, I take a 50l gas cylinder. He drained all the gasoline from him ahead of time. I tried to spin the crane, but no matter what methods I used, the crane did not succumb.
Since the cylinder valve has a left-hand thread, I decided to make a 3/4-inch adapter with a right-hand thread. Took a hose high pressure and two adapters from 3\4 to 10mm with left and right threads. It turned out such an adapter
I assembled a simple splitter from tees and corners and made a trial inclusion.
In 45 minutes, the cylinder gained pressure of almost 9 bar, with a receiver volume of 50L, this is approximately 430L of air
He scored a couple of times, and then lowered the cylinder upside down to remove the remnants of gas and gasoline, after which he set about a thorough assembly. The position of the cylinder is horizontal, I welded the compressor mount on top and installed all the wiring with a pressure gauge. I fixed the scheme on clips mounted on nails welded to the cylinder by welding. The compressor with the circuit was connected with a hose, fastened to the clamps
I drilled a hole in the plug, inserted a nipple into it and put a rubber gasket on top. I clamped the plug onto the tap, two tees in a row to the tap: one outlet to the receiver, the other to the pressure gauge. Then I wound a corner, a coarse filter to the corner, a coupling to the filter and the same plug as on the other side.
The filter had to be installed so that the oil that the compressor squeezes out settles and does not fall into the receiver and tubes.
It remains the case for small, weld the legs and paint everything in one color. One leg in front, two in back. All legs are the remains of a corner
I didn’t set the machine to turn off until there is money to buy it. For the same reason, I did not install a pressure regulator. How will the money finish, but for now enough and so.
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I won't paint, I'm lazy.
With uv. Admin check
Many people know that it is possible to assemble a compressor from an old refrigerator, moreover, in a home workshop, without any special skills. But not everyone knows the technology and secrets. If you think about it - an air compressor can be useful in any garage, in any workshop and household. With it, you can paint the car, pump up the wheels, run any pneumatic tool. Even blowing off the dust is also useful. Consider the version for painting.
Installation Requirements
Painting is a responsible business. Such a compressor must meet a number of requirements. The main one is a uniform air supply, and without foreign bodies. The most undesirable defects on the paintwork are graininess, shagreen, cavities on the surface. If the air flow is not stable, all this will take place, including matte spots and streaks. Specialized branded compressors have everything you need to eliminate the slightest marriage. But the price is skyrocketing.
Buy a unit or build it yourself?
Therefore, it makes sense to make a compressor for painting a car yourself. To do this, it is worth studying in detail the device and the principle of operation of a real, factory compressor. And it is the same for all samples. The balloon is under high pressure. The method of air injection is not fundamental - it can be mechanical or with the help of hands. In the case of manual supply, we significantly save finances, but where can we find a slave capable of continuously pumping air. The automatic process will eliminate many shortcomings and problems. The exception is the oil change in the compressor. Only the mechanism is capable of continuously supplying a jet of air to the cylinder! The theory is simple, making a personal compressor station with your own hands is simple and fast.
Compressor from the chamber of the car
How to make a paint rig out of a simple car camera? List of required material:
- pump with pressure gauge for blower function,
- car camera for receiver function,
- awl,
- repair tool kit
- nipple from a car camera.
A difficult stage is the creation of a compressor station. The chamber should be checked for leaks. She is being pumped up. If there is an air leak, the problem is solved by gluing or vulcanizing raw rubber. Then a hole is pierced with an awl. We place a nipple in it for a uniform exit of the air flow. The auxiliary fitting is fixed by gluing. A repair kit will actively help to cope with this work. Then the fitting is attached to the spray gun. To control the exit of the air stream, the nipple is unscrewed.
But it is noteworthy that the old nipple is not removed. It will act as a valve and hold excess pressure. The control check of the pressure value is carried out by spraying coloring matter to the surface of the metal. If the paint lays down in an even layer, then the installation is functioning perfectly! Additional control of the pressure value can be checked with a pressure gauge. The air flow even after turning on the aerator key must be spasmodic!
Building a home compressor is easy. And painting a car after using it will become better than using a spray can. When working at home, you should avoid the penetration of dust, foreign bodies, water into the car chamber. These things can penetrate the spray gun and the painting will have to be repeated. With proper operation, our unit will work for a long time, and it is desirable to automate air injection.
Masters often noticed that a homemade compressor can last much longer than a factory one. And regardless - domestic or imported. A hand-made thing has positive energy. It is easier to repair and maintain because you know it very well. weak sides and design.
Compressor from an old refrigerator
The unit, made from the components of an ancient refrigerator, will not be inferior in operation to compressors from elite manufacturers. To build it you will need:
- manometer,
- rust remover,
- compressor receiver,
- threaded adapters,
- relay for quality control of flow pressure force in our compressor,
- filter fuel element for gasoline,
- oil moisture separating filter and its reducer,
- the engine that drives the machine,
- cross with 3/4 inch thread for water pipes,
- switch for voltage 220 V,
- sealant,
- engine oil brand 10W40,
- brass pipes,
- oil hose,
- simple syringe,
- thicker board,
- metal paint,
- filter element of the power supply system for a diesel engine,
- furniture wheels,
- file,
- pins, nuts, washers,
- fum tape,
- automotive clamps.
As a motor, a compressor unit from a rare scoop refrigerator can be useful. The compressor from the refrigerator in our example is the most optimal solution. It has one great advantage - the compressor start relay! Very old Soviet models have an advantage over foreign competitors. They are capable of delivering very high pressure. When assembling, it is required to carefully remove rust from the executive unit.
The rust converter will be able to perform a quality treatment of the compressor and prevent further oxidation. This will simultaneously prepare the body of the working engine for painting. Then move on to changing the oil. It's clear that old refrigerator if subjected to maintenance, then a very long time ago. This also applies to changing the oil in it. But there is also an excuse for such a situation - the system is absolutely completely isolated from the environment. Suitable semi-synthetic oil. This modern lubricant is no worse than compressor oil in its properties. It will do the job remarkably well - it has a lot of high-quality and effective additives. On the compressor housing we find 3 tubes: two of them are open, the rest is hermetically sealed. We supply power to the compressor unit and determine the nature and direction of movement of the air flow. It is better to immediately record or mark the intake and exhaust duct.
A sealed tube is needed to change the oil. We remove it with a needle file, making a notch along the circumference of the tube. It is important to prevent metal chips from getting inside the compressor. We break off the tube and completely drain the oil into a container that will allow us to determine its volume. Using a simple medical syringe, we pour semi-synthetics, and with a larger volume than poured out!
After filling, the lubrication system of the motor is muffled. A suitable screw is selected and sealed with fum tape. It should be remembered that oil in the form of droplets will sometimes penetrate from the air outlet tube. An oil separator for the compressor will save you from this. The assembly of the installation begins with strengthening the motor with a start relay on a wooden base. It should be in the same position as on the frame. The correct switching of operating modes depends on the correct installation and installation of the compressor!
Receiver
How to make a receiver? It is good to use a cylinder from a simple fire extinguisher. It perfectly withstands a lot of pressure and has a good margin of safety. The cylinder is an excellent outlet for attached process equipment. As a basis, you can take a fire extinguisher brand OU-10 with a volume of 9.99 liters. It is able to withstand pressure up to 16 MPa. We unscrew the locking-starting mechanism from our workpiece and screw in the adapter. If we find corrosion, we will ruthlessly remove it. It is difficult to remove internal rust; for this, we fill the rust converter into the container of the cylinder and chat the contents. After cleaning is completed, screw the cross for the water supply.
A wooden board will be a good basis for mounting the motor and fire extinguisher body. It is desirable to place all working parts and assemblies on one line. Threaded studs will serve as fasteners, they must be threaded into the holes obtained by drilling. You will need nuts and washers. After taking the receiver and placing it vertically. You will need 3 sheets of plywood. One sheet is for a through hole for a cylinder. The remaining 2 sheets are fastened with screws to the main board and glued to the sheet that holds the receiver. At the base of the tree, a recess is made for the bottom of the receiver. To move the unit, we attach furniture wheels.
The system should be protected from dust with a gasoline coarse fuel filter. It will act as an air intake. A rubber hose and an inlet tube from the supercharger will come in handy. At the inlet, the air pressure is very low, clamps are not useful. An oil separator is installed at the outlet to block liquid drops. Suitable filter element of the power system (saying in simple terms- filter). Will need clamps for the car. The oil dehumidifier is connected to the input of the gearbox, and the output is screwed into the crosspiece already prepared by us on the left side. A pressure gauge is screwed on the right side to monitor the pressure. And on top of the cross we screw the relay for adjustment.
System pressure adjustment
The control relay allows you to set the desired range or limit of the receiver pressure. And at the required moment, interrupt the power supply circuit of the system supercharger. In the form of an executing unit, it is advised to use RDM-5. With its help, the compressor will start when the air pressure in the tank drops below the required value and turn off if the parameters are higher than the permissible ones. The required amount of air flow is adjusted on the relay using a pair of springs. A task big spring- apply light pressure. And a small spring allows you to adjust the upper limit and set the final limit for turning off the entire compressor installation.
RDM-5 was designed for water supply lines. In reality, this is a simple two-prong switch. In this example, one contact is needed for switching with network zero, the other is needed for switching with a supercharger. The network phase is conducted through a toggle switch for connection to the second input of the compressor unit. The toggle switch will help to quickly disconnect the system from the power supply. All electrical contacts are well soldered. Then the compressor unit is painted and tested. During the test run, the operation of the relay and the tightness of the system are checked. A trial run will allow you to determine the optimum pressure for painting with a uniform layer. To ensure high-quality and long-term operation of the compressor, maintenance is required. An important event in this case is an oil change.
If you still decide to buy a factory-made air compressor, study its parameters and capabilities. Give preference to well-known companies.
The compressor can be used in a wide variety of applications - for tire inflation, airbrushing, painting spare parts etc. Possessing necessary tools and certain technical knowledge, it is quite possible to independently manufacture this unit based on a conventional refrigerator.
A homemade compressor gives about 7 atmospheres, which is quite enough for an ordinary garage workshop, so many are increasingly thinking about how to make such a compressor? Do-it-yourself refrigerator compressor it will turn out to be quite quiet and, most importantly, cheap at its cost.
On average, the manufacture of this unit will require about one thousand rubles for all accessories.
Which is better - a homemade version or a professional device?
Before trying to make our compressor out of an old refrigerator, it is necessary to compare these two options, i.e. a ready-made compressor sold in specialized stores, and our home-made version. In total it is possible to distinguish a few major differences between them:
- The design of the factory compressor contains an electric motor that transmits torque to the working chamber through a belt drive. As for a homemade compressor, it consists of a housing and the engine itself, without belts.
- In the factory version, automatic pressure relief systems, inlet and outlet filters, pressure gauges, etc. are already installed. In the compressor from the refrigerator, you will have to install the adjusting equipment yourself, taking into account all the features.
- Despite the fact that most factory compressors are equipped with automatic systems, this feature is not implemented in some budget models. In other words, these units will have to be turned off on their own, marking the time by the clock. Homemade compressors are mainly equipped with a protective relay that turns off the engine when there is a risk of overheating.
- In some factory models, any lubrication may be completely absent. Of course, they have a small motor resource, but there are no various exhausts. This circumstance is very important, especially if the spray gun behaves rather capriciously, not tolerating various impurities. As for homemade compressors, there is plenty of this oil. By the way, you need to pay attention to what kind of oil to fill in - synthetics are very poorly combined with the usual one, so you do not need to pour everything that is horrible.
- The main feature of a homemade compressor is that it works very quietly, especially if you put all the tubes on it correctly, observing tightness. As for factory compressors, they behave more noisily, so its use is only possible outside the home.
- The cost of manufacturing a homemade compressor is very low, because we take the main components from old technology, and the control equipment will cost us one thousand rubles. As for the factory compressor, the situation is different.
- It is not possible to make any technical changes to the factory compressor. In other words, if the unit is not powerful enough, then it can only be used as a tire inflation pump, no more. Homemade options the good thing is that you can add some details to them, for example, a large receiver, so you can significantly increase the power of the device.
- The factory compressor is a complete technical device, so any improvisation with it is impossible. With a home-made unit, you can do almost everything - bring some parts out of the case, or hide everything in one box, and attach a handle on top for ease of transportation.
- You can install a fan on a homemade compressor so that it cools the device from the outside.
See also: We review valve control cabinets
Most refrigeration compressors have some limitations in terms of their work. There are several modes in total:
- Normal - 16 to 32 C.
- Subnormal - 10 to 32 C.
- Tropical - from 18 to 43 C.
- Subtropical - from 18 to 38 C.
However, combined modes are more common, having a different range.
Thus, a homemade compressor can be much more efficient than factory, in terms of working with air.
In the video, a version of a home-made compressor for pumping wheels
Dismantling works
To make a homemade compressor from the refrigerator, you need to make initial preparations. It consists in certain dismantling works, i.e.
we just need to remove the compressor from the refrigerator itself. It is located behind the refrigerator, in its lower part.
To remove, we need an elementary set of tools: pliers, box wrenches and two screwdrivers (plus and minus).
The compressor is located between the tubes that are connected to the cooling system. These tubes must be cut off with pliers, but in no case should they be sawn off with a hacksaw. The fact is that with this method, small chips are inevitably formed, which can get inside the compensator.
Then we proceed to the removal of the starting relay - this is an ordinary black box, with wires sticking out of it. We unscrew the fasteners, then we bite the wires that lead to the plug. We must not forget to mark the top and bottom of the starting relay - this will come in handy in the future. By the way, we also pick up all the fasteners along with the unit itself.
Health check
After we removed the compressor, it is necessary check its performance.
The fact is that we are removing the device from an old refrigerator, so we need to make sure that our unit is still “alive”.
So, we flatten the tubes with pliers - this is necessary in order for air flow to pass through them. Next, we need to put the starting relay in the position in which it stood in the design of the refrigerator.
This is very important, because if the position is incorrect, there is a risk of damage to the device, as well as failure of the compressor winding.
Also Read: Leader Voltage Stabilizer Review
There are wires on the relay case to which you need to fasten a piece of wire with a plug. It is better to wrap the junction with electrical tape to eliminate the risk of electric shock. Plug in the device. If you did everything right, then the compressor will work, and air will come out of its tubes. By the way, it is necessary to mark which tube the air flow comes out of, and which one it goes into.
Step-by-step instruction
Before you start making your own, you need to make sure that you have all the necessary materials and tools.
We invite you to watch the video detailed description process of one of the manufacturing options
In addition to the compressor itself, which we previously removed from the refrigerator, we need:
- Receiver. In this case, you can use the body of an old fire extinguisher, or weld the body of sheet metal and pipe.
- Various hoses. At the same time, the length of one hose must be at least 600 mm, and the other two - about 100 mm. In this case, you can take the hoses from the car.
- Various consumables - gasoline and diesel filters, wire, clamps, pressure gauge and epoxy.
- Related tools, i.e. screwdrivers, pliers, drills, etc.
- In addition, we need the usual wooden plank, which will be the basis of the whole structure. We attach the compressor to it using ordinary screws. Fastening should be carried out exactly in the same position that he occupied in the design of the refrigerator.
We take any plastic container of a suitable volume (from 3 liters or more). In the upper part, you need to drill a couple of holes for the size of the outlet tubes.
Insert the tubes, then fill everything epoxy resin. The inlet tube, into which air enters, must be located in such a way that there is about 200 mm from its end to the bottom of the receiver.
The outlet tube must be immersed ten centimeters inward.
This is a description of a plastic receiver, but for greater tightness, it is best to make a receiver in an iron case. In this case, there is no need to fill everything with resin, and the hoses are simply welded. In addition, only a pressure gauge can be installed on an iron receiver.
To install it, you need to drill a hole for the nut on the receiver case. We insert it, and then brew it. Only then we screw the pressure gauge into this nut, after which the work is completed. Now we attach the receiver to our base with a wire. The scheme will be something like this:
Our homemade unit is almost ready.
There are quite a lot of photos and videos of its work on the Internet, for example, it is shown how it is used in airbrushing and for painting various spare parts, so the expediency of its manufacture is quite obvious. Finally, we need to add a few extra touches to our device.
Also Read: Doing semi-automatic welding do it yourself
It is necessary to take one of the hoses, which is ten centimeters long, and put it on the filter. If this is difficult, you can slightly heat the end of the hose to make it easier to put on the fitting. We put the second end of the hose on the inlet of our device. In this case, the filter will protect against dust entering the case.
The second 10 cm hose must be connected to the inlet of the receiver and the outlet of the compressor. In this case, it is better to tighten the joints with clamps. Our third hose must be put on the diesel filter, and the other end must be inserted into the outlet of the receiver.
At the same time, the free filter fitting will later be connected to various equipment for airbrushing, a spray gun for painting, etc.
Another video on the topic
Some technical data and service features
It is rather difficult to say unambiguously what kind of pressure this or that compressor will show. Much depends on the specific brand and the operational life of the device itself. By the way, old units show even higher performance than modern ones.
Maintenance of our homemade device is very important point in operation.
The main work will be to replace diesel and gasoline filters, as well as to change the oil in the device. The design of the compressors is present, as a rule, three copper tubes.
We used two of them earlier, and the third remained untouched. It is the shortest and soldered at the end. So, the oil is drained through it.
To do this, it is necessary to cut off the soldered part, and then drain the processing. Filling is done through it.
Does the compressor need to be repaired?
As for the repair of the resulting device, then here everyone decides for himself- whether it makes sense to mess with it or not.
The repair will consist of ringing the relay, as well as changing the oil in the device.
If the manipulations did not help, then there is absolutely no need to invent something else. It is best to throw out the used device, and then make a new one. Moreover, the issue price is no more than 1000-1500 rubles.
Conclusion
In principle, we figured out how to make a compressor from a refrigerator.
It is difficult to overestimate the expediency of its manufacture, because with the help of this device it is possible to perform various works on airbrushing, tire inflation, painting various components and other works that require pressure force.
An additional advantage is that such a device can be used at home, because it makes little noise. In fact, this is the same refrigerator, only without unnecessary body parts.
DIY Compressor From Chainsaw
Chainsaw sawmill. How to make a sawmill chainsaws with their own hands
The tree species is perhaps the most common construction material for today. Long gone are the days when the process of building a house was carried out using the simplest tools.
On the this moment to perform this kind of work, new technologies and the most modern equipment are used, including a sawmill, with the help of which the tree species is processed to a suitable size. Unfortunately, this tool is not easily accessible to ordinary Russians, because it costs hundreds of thousands of rubles.
But there is a way out of this situation - the construction of a home-made sawmill. Find out how this happens in our current article.
Why is it more profitable to make a sawmill from a chainsaw?
In general chainsaw- this is a unique device, because on its basis you can actually make any tool, from a homemade lawn mower to snowmobiles. In our case, the introduction of this device allows us to design a suitable element with little or no involvement of any additional parts and assemblies.
Judge for yourself - we already have the engine, while together with the gas tank, the frame is also located, and even the chain remains in working order. We will not change or re-equip any of the above. The only thing we will need to do is an iron canopy that will be attached to the saw body.
You can see the approximate design of such an apparatus in the following photo.
You see, homemade sawmills from a chainsaw are actually no different from a real saw. In other words, the effort and foreign exchange costs required to perform this operation are small. This is the whole advantage of using this tool as a sawmill.
How to make a sawmill from a chainsaw?
To create such a device, you need to have two channels measuring 150 ... 180 x 8000 mm (height and length, respectively).
Apart from this, in the work you will need several corners of 50 x 100 mm and two rails. The latter must be turned upside down.
When developing a base for a sawmill, several holes of 14-18 mm each should be drilled in it. The interval between them should be approximately 1-1.2 meters.
Also in the work you will need screeds. They can be made from ordinary water pipe 250 mm long. Bolts should be used as connecting parts, not welding. Racks are made from rectangles, on which the base of the sawmill is then fixed.
By the way, in the manufacture of the base it is unacceptable to use deformed elements. All parts must have a strictly even shape. As for the distance between the racks, they should be placed to the end of the base with an interval of 80-100 cm.
Additionally, you can weld the braces between them so that the structure seems stronger.
Super compressor 3
DVS from friendship, head from Chinese compressor, motor from starter Honda 1 kW.
Compressor| Inflating tires with a chainsaw
DIY compressor.
What to do next?
At the next stage, the chainsaw sawmill is equipped with a movable trolley. It will be based on a steel plate measuring 600 x 50 millimeters. It should be welded to it from below metal corner 40 x 40 millimeters. Then the trolley must be placed on bearings or rollers. Also weld 2 corners to its upper part. It attaches itself to the latter chainsaw.
At the final stage, a structure is made to fix the log. What do I need to do? Here you will need a metal tube with a diameter of 35-40 millimeters.
Also, in the course of work, it is necessary to use a movable hose, which will be located with subsequent fixing at the desired height. In this case, the height value should not exceed the length of the pipe itself.
So, our homemade sawmill do it yourself done successfully. You can safely proceed to its operation and process wood of almost any diameter.
How to make a sawmill out of a chainsaw? Method number 2
Here is another method for making a sawmill at home. In principle, this version of creating a cutting device does not differ much from the previous one - the drawing and tools for work will be the same as in the first case. However, this sawmill manufacturing technology will be more refined.
How a sawmill is made chainsaws with their own hands in this case? On the drawing, you will need to indicate 4 main elements. This is a saw, its drive, a mechanism by which the thickness of the resulting board is regulated, as well as an element that allows you to move the saw part of the structure.
You should also indicate the layout of the device for fixing the log.
How is a saw and its drive made?
There is nothing complicated here. Since a sawmill is being made from a chainsaw, all these elements, including the motor, will already be ready with us. Therefore, all that is required of you is a working saw with cutting teeth and a working engine, which, in principle, is present in the design of this tool.
Now about how to make a mechanism for adjusting the thickness of the board.
The sawing of the log at the sawmill itself occurs by lowering or raising the base of the device, which is held on 4 screws or welded to the plate with nuts whose edges are bent.
There is a lock nut at the top of the base. It is tightened after the chainsaw sawmill is set up. We adjust to the appropriate thickness of the processed log.
In this case, a distance of 50-55 centimeters must be observed between these elements. 2 rollers are welded to each rack, the upper one rests on the guide corner, and the lower one keeps the sawmill from lifting.
If it is not possible to use rollers, 20 mm bearings can be used.
A device that fixes a log on a sawmill
The wood on this tool is fixed with the help of two combs, one of which moves with a screw, and the second remains motionless.
After installing the log, the first movable element is fixed in a stationary state with several screws.
After installing the fixing device, you can safely start operating the sawmill and process the first wooden blanks.
And finally
We note a few rules for operating a homemade sawmill:
Do-it-yourself vacuum pump from a refrigerator compressor
The branded vacuum pump is, without a doubt, efficient and extremely convenient to use. But it has one small drawback: a few numbers on the price tag and not a single comma between them.
This unpleasant circumstance encourages craftsmen to look for ways to independently manufacture this device from what they say is God sent.
After learning how to make a vacuum pump from a compressor from a refrigerator, you may want to try your hand, eventually receiving a reward for your work in the form of saved money.
Materials and tools
In the course of work, the homemade master will need the following:
- hacksaw for metal;
- pliers;
- soldering iron;
- welding machine.
In addition to the compressor from the refrigerator, you will need to get:
- oil-resistant tubes (can be bought at the car market);
- brass foil;
- piece of linoleum
You will also need a steel corner 25x25 mm.
Do-it-yourself vacuum pump from a refrigerator compressor
The manufacturing process is as follows:
When the compressor is running, some of the oil is invariably lost as oil mist, which is thrown into the discharge line. The easiest way to monitor its amount is with a tubular level gauge - a transparent tube located outside, which communicates with the container through a hose. As such a tube, you can use a case from a ballpoint pen.
refrigerator compressor motor
From above it must be covered from dust with a cap, but so that air can freely flow into the closed hole. To make it more convenient to use the level gauge, two horizontal marks must be scratched on it, corresponding to the minimum and maximum oil levels.
The place where the hose is attached to the tube is best sealed with a sealant.
The finished structure should be placed in a box, the frame of which can be made of a steel equal-shelf angle with a shelf width of 25 mm. Any sheet material can be used for the role of sheathing.
So that the vacuum pump does not have to be removed from the box to take readings from the oil level gauge, a door with some simple latch can be installed in the side wall of the latter.
Further actions:
At the time of starting the engine of the pump-compressor, there must be no excess pressure in the discharge line. This requirement is due to the features of the starting circuit.
When starting, the current arising in the working winding turns on the electromagnet in the starting relay, which attracts the core with the contacts. The contacts close, supplying current to the starting winding.
In normal mode, the motor should spin up quickly, as a result of which the current in the working winding will drop and the electromagnet will “release” the core, opening the starting winding circuit.
If the engine, when trying to spin up, encounters resistance in the form of pressure in the discharge line, the starting winding will be under load for too long and eventually burn out.
To prevent this phenomenon, it is recommended to install on the discharge line check valve, and in front of it is an electro-pneumatic valve. The latter must be included in the motor circuit: when the unit is not running, it will be open, and at the moment the engine is turned on, it will close.
Homemade vacuum pump
If the compressor is to be used for purge only, for example, these precautions are not necessary. But if it is supposed to connect a receiver or some other device that accumulates pressure to it, then a check valve with an electro-pneumatic valve must be installed.
The following point should also be taken into account: when the electromagnet in the starting relay is turned off, the core falls under its own weight, therefore it is not allowed to install it upside down or on its side.
It remains to connect the electricity through the fuse - and the vacuum pump is ready.
Exploitation
It is most convenient to place a home-made vacuum pump under the table, so that only the suction and discharge tubes from it lie on the table.
With such an arrangement, it is advisable to build in a pedal into the electrical circuit of the unit, by pressing which it will be turned on. The vacuum gauge is also best placed on a table.
Since it is not very convenient to use an oil level gauge if the vacuum pump is placed under the table due to lack of illumination, it is possible to additionally equip the device with a backlight.
Using a homemade vacuum pump, you can not only evacuate air from food storage containers, but also make various products from two-component silicone rubber by vacuuming. True, it should be noted that this unit will not cope with too thick material, for example, Viksint.
Related video
Do-it-yourself compressor - at minimal cost from scrap metal
The use of the compressor when performing various works in the workshop or garage is undeniable. This unit has long ceased to be the property of construction teams and departmental fleets.
Here is a superficial list of what can be done with a compressor:
- Painting work
- Sandblasting any materials
- Purging of debris from hard-to-reach cavities of units
- Territory cleaning
- Tire fitting
- Working with pneumatic tools.
An air compressor can be purchased at the store. Moreover, kits of any power and performance are offered.
However, such equipment is not cheap: if you do not plan to make a profit from it, the purchase is just to make it easier. manual labor, may seem inappropriate. Therefore, many home craftsmen try to make a compressor with their own hands.
The easiest (and relatively safe) homemade compressor can be built from ordinary car accessory. We are talking about a ready-made electrical appliance - a compressor for pumping wheels.
It would seem, where to apply it, except for its intended purpose? Design features do not allow large volumes of air to be supplied per unit of time.
This option deserves a separate explanation:
The compressor has two important characteristics:
Power
The ability to create high pressure without additional load on the engine.
Automotive units have a complete order with this. You can safely build up pressure up to 5-6 atmospheres. True, pumping up a wheel to a typical 2.5-3 units takes a good ten minutes (at zero initial pressure). During this time, inexpensive devices can simply overheat, so interruptions are required.
This is due to the low performance of automotive compressors.
Performance
The ability to give out "uphill" a certain volume of air per unit of time. The higher it is, the faster the container is filled, and the more intense the flow from the nozzle at direct use compressed air.
To combine these qualities, a large volume of the piston group of the unit is required, and powerful engine with high turnover. Plus, it is necessary to ensure the cooling of the cylinders, otherwise the compressor will overheat and jam. Such devices exist, even turbines can be used as a working unit.
But the cost of the equipment does not allow it to be used in large quantities, especially in everyday life.
Simply put either power or performance. How to get out of the vicious circle? Use storage capacity- receiver. In industrial designs, this is a steel cylinder, which is slowly filled with a powerful, but not very productive compressor.
Homemade low-power compressor from an electric motor from a toy. A simple solution pressing problem. Such a compressor is quite suitable for supplying air to the aquarium. How to do it yourself step by step in this video.
When sufficient pressure is created, a sufficiently large volume of air can be delivered from the receiver in a short time. Then you need to wait until the compressor restores pressure.
This is how all units work., including those installed on vehicles with air brakes.
Our "kulibins" have long learned to create a semblance of industrial plants using an autocompressor.
We take a spare wheel, with the help of our beloved "Berkut" we fill 3-4 atmospheres (the main thing is that the tire does not burst), and the high-pressure paint sprayer is ready.
The same device is used to purge when servicing the motor or suspension. Only instead of a spray gun, a blow gun is used.
Automation is not required, it is enough to manually control the pressure using the built-in pressure gauge. Of course, you cannot run a pneumatic tool with such a unit, and a sandblasting machine will not work out of a wheel.
Air compressor from a fire extinguisher or gas cylinder
In the presence of a powerful auto-compressor for pumping wheels(for the sake of such a case, you can buy it), you can easily make a full-fledged air unit of medium power. It is enough to purchase an old carbon dioxide fire extinguisher or a gas cylinder, and connect it to the finished "rocking chair".
There are nuances that must be observed:
How to make a complete compressor with your own hands
The option of auto accessories is good for its availability. However, power, performance, and most importantly - the duration of continuous operation, leave much to be desired. There is a proven option - a compressor from the refrigerator. The cost part depends on your ability to find shareware components.
And I must say, the unit turns out no worse than the factory one.
And so, what is required for manufacturing. An exhaustive list that takes into account all the nuances. It can be shortened except for the security elements:
- Compressor from a household refrigerator (shareware)
- Receiver container: it can be a fire extinguisher, a gas cylinder, or a home-made one, welded from a thick-walled pipe and sheet iron. Last option convenient from the point of view of the placement of reinforcement, but the issue of welding reliability is very important. The cost is also going to zero.
- Air fittings: tubes, hoses, fittings, tees, pneumo inlets
- Operating pressure regulator (reducer)
- Pressure gauge (in the presence of a reducer = 2 pcs)
- Inlet air filters (for the safety of the compressor piston group)
- Oil or moisture separator at the outlet (relevant for compressors with "wet" lubrication)
- Pressure switch (controls compressor operation)
- Emergency valve (required for any configuration!)
The block diagram is shown in the illustration:
In principle, this "constructor" is not difficult to assemble. There are nuances when connecting the compressor from the refrigerator.
Quite rare are the so-called. "dry" piston groups - with graphite seals without the use of lubricants. If you get such a copy - consider yourself lucky. In other cases, the compressor is literally filled with oil.
This is not a problem for freon, but in clean air for work, drops of lubricant are useless. Therefore, the receiver first acts as an oil separator, which is equipped with a drain plug, and a specialized filter. It is not worth recalling the tightness of all connections, and so everything is clear. A complete silent compressor from the refrigerator with your own hands, video instruction.
Such a unit will quite cope with tire fitting, painting, blowing, and even with ensuring the operation of pneumatic tools. True, with intensive air consumption, you will often have to stop to restore pressure. If you need more power, there are more productive designs.
DIY high pressure compressor
If the crankshaft of an internal combustion engine is driven by pressure from the combustion of the fuel mixture, why not run the process in reverse?
Using an internal combustion engine as a compressor is not just possible. You get a productive and powerful unit, and the piston group has a good margin of safety. The main question is which drive to use. Considering the total energy intensity, an electric motor with a power of at least 3 kW is suitable.
do-it-yourself high-pressure compressor from a car engine
If desired, you can find such a unit in good condition for a reasonable price. Well, it’s not a problem to get a live engine from the Zhiguli at all. The gearbox is not needed, as is the starter group. The ignition, intake and exhaust system is also removed.
For a homemade compressor to work, a lubrication system, cooling system, and a sealed piston group are enough. The timing is not involved in the process, the camshaft can be dismantled along with the belt. We do not touch the exhaust valves, we just check the tightness. But on the inlet it is necessary to install weaker springs.
The valves must freely supply air to the pistons.
Pressure builds up through spark plug wells. Fittings with ball valves working for release are screwed into them. Four branch pipes are combined into a ramp, and a common pipeline supplies compressed air to the receiver. Of course, the capacity must be appropriate. Such a compressor is capable of pressure of tens of atmospheres.
If you are serious and you have an old engine from a car, for example, from a VAZ 2108 like in this video, then after watching the detailed assembly instructions you can assemble your homemade compressor from an internal combustion engine.
Outcome:
Depending on the needs and financial capabilities, you can assemble a unit of any level of complexity and performance. Space technologies are not used, however, design safety issues come first.
Do-it-yourself compressor - at minimal cost from scrap metal Link to the main publication
How to assemble a compressor from a motor from an old refrigerator with your own hands
Compressor for airbrushing from the refrigerator motor»\u003e If you do everything right and take care of depreciation, then there will be almost no noise at all.
For those who like to make something with their own hands, and this usually happens at night, this moment is extremely important.
parts for modeling and other hobbies that are usually taken up after the main job. Therefore, noise limits are very important.
The design of the compressor from the refrigerator is extremely simple. A container for pressure equalization is attached to the compressor from the refrigerator, since direct blowing is not stable. This container acts as a receiver, an air flow mixer.
What is required to make a compressor with your own hands and where can you buy all this?
Many use cylinders from fire extinguishers, but there are also plastic containers that are quite resistant to stress. It is important that the container is large enough to mix the air and equalize the pressure from the refrigerator compressor. You can make a receiver from a suitable plastic container from garden sprayers.
If the container is plastic, you will need epoxy for fasteners.
Not required, but desirable. Mounted on a metal receiver.
You can attach a regular hose from an airbrush or a thicker hose if the equipment will be used for painting cars.
Some hands-on experience is desirable.
Manufacturing process
Most of the fuss will be with the receiver. If you use an old fire extinguisher as a receiver, be prepared for the fact that there will be quite a lot of metal work. In addition, it will be necessary to ensure tightness. If we do not have significant experience in working with metal with our own hands, it is better to take a plastic receiver.
In the case of using heavy parts, you should mentally prepare for the fact that the compressor will turn out to be stationary. It is better to immediately prepare a reliable base and fasteners for it.
Compressor preparation
Determine where the compressor has a tube for the incoming air flow, and where is the outgoing one. To do this, you can briefly turn on the compressor in the socket and determine from which tube the air is blowing. Be sure to mark the tubes at the base so as not to confuse. This can be done with colored tape or a piece of medical plaster.
Carefully cut the tubes to about 10cm. This is necessary for the convenience of connecting hoses.
The vertical position is important for the compressor. The relay housing has an arrow pointing up.
It will be convenient if we fix the compressor in the correct position.
Receiver
Consider a simplified version with plastic canister. We cut two holes in the lid for the tubes. The inlet tube must be made long, almost to the bottom. Outgoing can be made short, about 10cm.
Small pieces of about 2-3 cm remain outside. The structure should be fixed with epoxy to ensure tightness. In the case of an old fire extinguisher, the same actions will have to be done by soldering and welding fittings.
But on the metal case you can install a pressure gauge.
Connection of parts
Attach a gasoline filter to a short piece of fuel hose. Put the other end on the inlet tube of the compressor. The filter is needed so that dust does not fall into the compressor.
Connect the compressor output pipe and the receiver inlet tank with the second piece of fuel hose. The air flow will go from the compressor to the receiver. We put clamps on the hoses, since the air is under pressure. Another short length of fuel hose is needed in order to secure the diesel filter. The filter is needed to clean the air flow.
A hose and equipment can be attached to the outlet fitting.
Compressor maintenance
transformer or engine oil The compressor needs to be changed periodically. It is advisable to change the gasoline filter about once every six months. Replacing the filter is a common maintenance, understandable to any motorist. All maintenance can be done by hand.
How to change oil
Examine the motor. A sealed tube should come out of the refrigerator compressor. Carefully cut off and drain the oil from the motor. Usually there is about a glass of it.
However, if you purchased the compressor in the workshop, the oil is most likely already drained. Using a syringe, you need to pump in new oil and take care of how to close the hole.
It will be most convenient to glue the outer thread with FUM tape and make a screw cap.
Compressor application
Mainly used for painting
- For airbrush painting. Airbrushing allows you to draw fine details and apply artistic images.
- For painting auto parts through a sprayer
- For quick painting during repair. To do this, you need to attach wheels to the compressor platform, like a vacuum cleaner. The accuracy of painting with a compressor is much higher, it is used in elite interior design.
How to make a compressor from the refrigerator with your own hands
A small-sized compressor is a very necessary thing for a garage or personal workshop. It is used to solve many problems.
For painting with a spray gun and applying a layer of glue on large surfaces, for art work with an airbrush, for blowing dust from a workplace or simply for inflating tires ...
At the same time, the need for this unit for many is not one-time, but episodic. Therefore, if you, for example, are not an airbrush artist, buying an industrial compress is simply unprofitable.
However, having certain master skills, it is easy to make such a device yourself. In this article we will tell you how to make a master compressor from a refrigerator.
For every end there are means
There are many examples of such artefacts of technical creativity. It is enough to type the appropriate request and look at the photos on the Internet. To build a compressor from a refrigerator with your own hands, you must first understand what all these designs have in common.
What are the design elements and why do they contain? Of course, the question of whether or not you possess the necessary artisan skills is not even discussed here. Of course you have!
All these structural elements can be very conditionally divided into basic and additional. "Conditionally" - because it all depends on the purposes for which you will use the compressor.
If it's just to inflate the tires of a car, then practically only one compressor is enough. Although in this case it must be fixed on some basis.
Perhaps it is better to install this base on wheels in order to more conveniently move the compressor around the garage. It will need to be equipped with inlet and outlet pipes, air filters on them.
It is necessary to put a pressure gauge at the outlet and consider a reliable fastening of the air hose.
Important! But if you work with an airbrush, then the most important thing for you is the stability of the air flow. Therefore, you will inevitably have to install a receiver in the system.
The receiver is, roughly speaking, a cylinder into which air is supplied from the compressor. And already from this cylinder it is consumed as needed.
Here you already need to clearly understand what air pressure you are going to work with. The working pressure of the compressor of a typical refrigerator is 15-20 atmospheres. Although it’s better to clarify according to the documents for the unit ... 3 atmospheres are enough to inflate tires.
Interesting! To solve most other problems, 6-8 atmospheres are enough.
Unless you are going to work with some particularly powerful pneumatic tool. But in this case, for example, for a jackhammer, even 20 atmospheres may not be enough.
That is, when installing a receiver in the system, you need to think about two things:
These are all the main points that you need to think about when thinking about how to make a compressor.
In order not to "everything like clockwork" ...
The main difference between a refrigerator compressor and industrial compressors is that it was originally designed to work in a closed system. Therefore, he is literally bathed in oil!
Oil is mixed with freon, freon with oil, then separated, then mixed again ... That is, the lubrication system in the refrigerator compressor is in no way isolated from the flow of the main reagent that this compressor pumps!
Therefore, when you start pumping air with this compressor, oil will inevitably splash out of the outlet pipe. The first thing to do is to make this pipe in the shape of an inverted letter "G".
At the top, in front of the second L-shaped bend, behind which the receiver is located, an oil filter is installed.
In it, just below the middle, a conical plate directed upwards is installed. Gaps are left between the plate and the chamber walls. The air flow from the compressor, entering the chamber from below, is decelerated on the conical plate and the oil drops that it carries with it roll back down.
Important! Although it must be understood that the microparticles of oil and moisture in this air flow still remain. Therefore, first of all, do not even think about “filling” air into scuba cylinders with this compressor!
And secondly, the receiver will be gradually filled at the bottom with oil-water condensate. In order not to unwind the entire system each time to clean it, it is better to provide a drain hole in the bottom of your supposedly fire extinguisher.
Next is a matter of fantasy
Anyone who has ever ridden for power on a moped or motorcycle without an air filter knows what deep scratches this seemingly “clean air” leaves on piston skirts and cylinder walls.
Therefore, when thinking about how to make a compressor with your own hands, you must inevitably think about the air filter at the inlet. It is enough to make an inlet pipe for the inner diameter of the car air filter.
It must be done in the form of the same inverted letter "L" to avoid splashing oil out. Of course, it is also necessary to make a seal in order to exclude air leakage from below. Surely there is something suitable for this in the corner of your garage?
... So, let's trace the path of air through the compressor we are creating. Through the air filter from the car and the inlet pipe, air enters the "pump".
Coming out through another pipe already under pressure, the air gets rid of oil dust in the oil separator and oil filter. The air then enters the receiver.
It should be noted that the air must pass through the receiver in order to dampen pressure surges. Therefore, if you simply screw a tee into the neck of your fire extinguisher - into the inlet, outlet and pressure gauge - this will not give any result.
Ideally, this scheme looks like this. Air enters almost to the bottom of your fire extinguisher through one of the two, longer tubes - and exits through the second, shorter one. Between the inlet and outlet is a third, which has a pressure gauge screwed into it to show the air pressure in your fire extinguisher.
In parallel with the pressure gauge, a bypass valve or relay is included in the circuit. There are also pressure gauges that combine the relay option. Further, from the outlet pipe of the receiver, air enters a hose that can withstand a pressure of 6 - 8 atmospheres for use.
With a frequent change of the tool connected to the compressor, it is reasonable to install a special pneumatic lock-connector at the end of the hose. It allows you to connect and disconnect the tool with one simple movement of your fingers.
Interesting! If you work every time with only one thing, then you can get by with an ordinary ball valve in front of the hose. In the same way - convenient, useful, but not included in the "required package" - the second pressure gauge showing the pressure in the hose.
As already mentioned, this is the required level of configuration. These are the tasks that must be solved if you decide to build a compressor for your workshop yourself. Further - it is only a matter of the master's imagination.
You can, for example, install a cooler for cooling. It's no secret that air heats up when compressed. You can, instead of an air car filter at the inlet, put a water one, according to the principle of a hookah.
You can install two in series - instead of one receiver. Or make a salt filter, dehumidify the outgoing air ... For each purpose - its own means.
The car is a device for the mechanical compression of gases, which generates an air pressure at the outlet that is greater than atmospheric in value. By forcing air into the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine, the compressor increases engine power by increasing the efficiency of fuel combustion. When the supercharger is running, the fuel mixture contains more air, which makes it easier to ignite and release more energy during combustion. In the course of research, it was found that the engine adds 46% of power and 30% of torque to the latter - this device is so important!
This device is used as a power supply for pneumatic tools
The air compressor is installed not only in cars with internal combustion engines - this equipment is used as a power supply for pneumatic tools, in industry and other industries. The main performance characteristics of an air compressor are operating pressure and capacity in liters of air per minute.
The following types of air compressors are distinguished:
- Piston. Device with direct force transmission. During engine operation, the piston moves through the cylinder and compresses the air that enters the system. There are oil and oil-free piston blowers, the latter being widely used to power spray guns in the painting industry. Air two-piston compressors are used in industrial applications due to their high performance.
- Rotary. The transmission of power from the engine occurs with the help of a belt. Propellers with rotating blades compress the air inside the device and create. Rotary equipment is characterized by high performance, good efficiency, low noise and vibration during operation. Air type oil is used sparingly and does not enter the compressed air. 380 V received special distribution in production.
The blower can operate independently or with the use of a receiver, which provides a smooth supply of compressed air to the system. An air compressor without a receiver is less expensive and smaller, but more prone to breakage.
Is it possible to do it yourself?
Not everyone can make an air compressor on the engine on their own, moreover, making modifications not provided for by the automobile manufacturer can unpredictably affect the operation. However, it can be assembled for a garage or auto repair shop - using such a device, you can quickly fill tires with air, create excess pressure for a spray gun and other pneumatic tools, and also find other uses for the equipment.
A do-it-yourself compressor with a receiver will last a much longer period than purchased equipment, provided that it is properly assembled from high-quality parts. This is due to the fact that the master, who set out to make an air compressor with a receiver, makes it for himself, and for this reason he cares about quality. What parts are needed and how to assemble?
We collect the compressor with our own hands
The main element of a homemade air blower is the propulsion system. It is recommended to use for the refrigerator. It is notable for the presence of a starting relay, which makes it possible to set and maintain a certain level of air pressure in the receiver. If you don’t have an old and unnecessary refrigerator at hand, you can find the unit at an industrial waste dump or with friends. Preference should be given to a refrigerator made in the USSR, since powerful and reliable compressors were used for the production of Soviet refrigeration equipment.
The refrigeration supercharger has three tubes in the design, one of which is sealed at one end. The rest are air ducts - one lets air in, the other lets out. With further assembly of the unit, it is important to understand in which direction the air flows circulate. To determine, it is necessary to turn on the compressor for a short time in the network and observe in which direction the circulation occurs. It is recommended to mark the "input" and "output" with different colors so as not to be confused during assembly. An air check valve for the compressor will help prevent arbitrary change in air direction.
In addition to the heart of the old refrigerator, to assemble a car compressor you will need:
- Air receiver (a good option is a fire extinguisher).
- Pressure gauge.
- Coarse fuel filter.
- Moisture filter.
- Air pressure control relay.
- A set of adapters, clamps, hoses.
- Toggle switch for voltage 220 Volts.
At various stages of assembly, you will need: a base for installing the finished unit, wheels (you can take it from old furniture), paint, engine oil and an anti-corrosion agent.
Receiver Assembly
The compressor receiver is a solid container that contains pressurized air. The role that the car air receiver performs is to eliminate pulsations during the air supply by the compressor, which is carried out by equalizing the pressure in the system. The secondary role of the receiver is the storage of inert gases or condensate.
The receiver capacity is absolutely hermetic, and the required volume depends on the cycling of air consumption by the consumer and the performance of the air compressor. The use of a receiver extends the life is often used in various fields, including painting work, industrial production and other industries.
An automobile air receiver can be manufactured in three ways:
- Carbon dioxide fire extinguisher. Well suited for long-term storage of gases under pressure up to 10 atmospheres, it has strong steel walls and is safe to use. A fire extinguisher with a volume of 5-10 liters is sufficient for the receiver. To turn the fire extinguisher into a compressor receiver, it is necessary to remove the shut-off and starting device and put the prepared hose adapter on the hole. The bottle must be emptied and washed thoroughly. Next, a water cross is installed and sealed. After that, you can use the manufactured receiver for work.
- Hydraulic accumulator. A more specialized device with a sufficient range of capacities. The disadvantage is the low nominal pressure. Plus - a suitable thread at the exit. To use as a receiver, remove the internal carbon dioxide storage membrane, then connect the hose as in the fire extinguisher example.
- Oxygen balloon. Exceptional strength and air pressure of tens of atmospheres, but small capacity, inconvenience of transportation and heaviness. To use, just connect the hose - the homemade receiver is ready to go!
A do-it-yourself air receiver can be made from any cylinder for storing compressed gases, but before using it, you need to make sure that the selected container can withstand the operating pressure of the future compressor.
Final assembly of the compressor unit
The compressor with the receiver must be installed on the same common base for ease of storage and transportation. homemade equipment. The compressor from the refrigerator, found earlier, must be cleaned of rust (if any). Next, the oil in the air compressor is replaced, since the old one has probably become unusable. It is not possible to pour oil into an air compressor - in the absence of a special compressor lubricant, you can use motor, synthetic or semi-synthetic.
Mount the compressor and receiver on the same base for easy storage and transport The assembly of the compressor is carried out in five consecutive steps, as follows:
- Install the supercharger from the refrigerator on the prepared base and secure with threaded studs. The receiver is installed in a vertical position and secured by means of folded plywood sheets in the amount of three pieces with a hole for the cylinder. Wheels are attached to the bottom of the base for easy transportation.
- Install the compressor and check valve for the air compressor in the air intake port. For convenience, you can use a rubber hose.
- Install a water separator through a hose on the outlet pipe of the supercharger - it can be taken from a diesel engine. To prevent the hose from breaking under pressure, it is necessary to strengthen the connection with automobile clamps. A moisture separator must also be installed at the inlet of the gearbox - devices for decoupling pressure in the receiver and compressor. The outlet pressure pipe is connected to one end of the water cross.
- Install a relay on the top of the cross for pressure adjustment, and a pressure gauge on the free end for control. All joints must be firmly reinforced with fum-tape and tightened with clamps to prevent breakdown.
- Using a 220 volt toggle switch, connect the mains phase to the compressor output. Insulate the contacts with electrical tape or a dielectric casing.
After connecting the equipment to the network, it can be considered that the oil air compressor is assembled. You can connect the device to the network and check its operation.
What problems can await during assembly?
Air auto compressors are simple in terms of design and operation of the device, however, during self assembly you may encounter the following problems:
- Oil supply to the wrong hole. Due to the presence of several tubes in the supercharger, you can get confused and fill in oil at the wrong hole. To prevent a problem, oil must be poured into any of the two inlet tubes - the outlet is excluded.
- Small diameter receiver inlet. If the use of a standard cylinder thread is not possible, the element is fluxed and attached. The final design is able to withstand a pressure of 5-6 atmospheres.
- Incorrect connection of the blower tubes. In order for the circulation in the system to occur without failures and in one direction, it is necessary to install a check valve on the compressor with your own hands. It will prevent possible problems and ensure stable operation of the supercharger.
Try to assemble the oil blower with your own hands in full accordance with the instructions, recommendations and safety rules. In this case, there will be no problems with the operation of the equipment.
Setting the desired pressure
An air motor compressor or a car supercharger must be properly prepared for the first use. To get started, you need to set the pressure mode using the relay. Adjustment is carried out by means of two springs - a large one sets the minimum pressure, a small one sets the maximum. The first contact of the relay is connected to zero, the second is attached to the supercharger.
WATCH THE VIDEO INSTRUCTIONS
When using the equipment for the first time, follow the readings of the pressure gauge - the relay should turn on and off the supercharger when the lower and upper limits of the set pressure are reached, respectively. After the final adjustment, you can paint the homemade supercharger and continue to operate.
In the garage of a car enthusiast, you can find many useful and not very useful tools. In addition to the usual set, an air compressor will also be useful. It is suitable for car painting, tire inflation, air supply for pneumatic tool operation. Let's see how to make a car with your own hands. We will also find out how it is arranged and on what principle it works.
Compressed air to help the car enthusiast
Air compressors are quite useful in workshops and garages. There is always a task for these devices. This can be banal cleaning, cleaning from dust that has formed after grinding, or creating air pressure for the operation of various air tools. Most compressors are used for painting. This imposes some requirements on the device.
Air flow and spray painting
For work with paint, the air flow must be as uniform as possible. Also, the compressed air stream must not contain water particles, oil impurities or other oil products. The presence of suspended and solid particles is unacceptable in the flow.
Sometimes when painting you can see defects. Often this is graininess on a freshly applied coat of paint. This happens due to the fact that there were foreign particles in the stream. If paint streaks or dull spots are observed, then this is a sign of uneven supply of paint, enamel or varnish.
Branded or homemade?
What is the difference between a proprietary compressor? Its characteristics are ideal for working with an airbrush or spray gun, but factory products cost serious money. If the device is needed infrequently, then you can save a little and make a unit that will not be inferior to factory models.
The principle of operation of the compressor
Both professional and self-made devices work on the same principle. In a container for storing compressed air, which is called a receiver, an excess pressure level is created. The air itself can be blown into the receiver both automatically and manually.
If you work in manual mode, then it is certainly very cheap in finance, but it will require serious energy costs. You also need to constantly monitor this process. After such work, it is unlikely that you will want to do anything else.
If you use the mechanisms for pumping air, then this will facilitate the process. There are no drawbacks here, you just need to change the oil in the air pump, depending on the regulations.
Further, the compressed air flow passes through the outlet valve of the compressor or in this case the receiver and is directly supplied either to the airbrush, or to the car chamber, or to the pneumatic tool. In general, the principle is very simple, and therefore the simplest working model can be built in a couple of minutes.
Homemade compressor
Let's look at how to make the simplest compressor for painting a car with your own hands. As one of the options, we will try to make a device for painting work from a car chamber. To create, we need a receiver, a supercharger, a spool from a damaged camera, a repair kit, an awl. When everything you need is assembled and prepared for work, you can start assembling.
At the assembly stage, you need to check the tightness of the chamber. To do this, you can use a car pump. Every motorist knows how to do it. If the rubber holds the air pumped into it, you can proceed to the next step.
If air leaks are found, then you can use a repair kit or vulcanize the hole with raw rubber.
At the next stage, in the so-called receiver, it is required to make holes for another spool. It will be the outlet valve. This fitting can be glued using the same pre-stocked repair kit. This valve is connected to the airbrush. The nipple must be unscrewed from the fitting. The compressor circuit provides for the free passage of air. We will not unscrew the nipple in the main spool. He will keep the pressure.
Then, by the method of scientific poke, we will try to determine the required pressure level in our receiver. For this, a spray gun is used. If the paint lays down evenly, without jerks, streaks or anything else, then everything is done correctly. It is desirable to control the amount of excess pressure in the receiver. When you press the airbrush button, the level should not jump.
As you can see, this is the most primitive compressor for painting a car with your own hands. Now you can create masterpieces or just repaint the body.
It is not difficult to assemble this unit, and its usefulness can be seen during various repairs. If you have used for painting before, then you will definitely be able to appreciate all the advantages.
Just remember that in no case should liquid, dust or anything else get into the spray gun and into the chamber. In the event of a violation, dust or moisture will mix with the paint, and the work will have to be redone. Then no adjustment of the spray gun will help. It will be more convenient if our camera is fixed on something. This will prevent her from moving across the floor.
This model works great, and it is already quite usable. But even better, with small changes, make the injection system automatic. Next, we will learn how to make the compressor more serious.
Semi-professional equipment
Professionals say that such handicraft equipment has a huge resource and service life, unlike factory models of foreign brands and domestic manufacturers. But this is understandable, because, knowing the scheme of work, if any part fails, it can be easily replaced. Let's see how to make a compressor that can be used professionally.
What is needed for assembly?
So. Here you will need readily available spare parts for the compressor. This is a pressure gauge, as well as a gearbox with a filter. You also need a relay to control the pressure in the chamber, a fuel filter from a car, a water quad with a ¾ internal thread. In addition, you should pick up threaded adapters, car clamps, a motor, a receiver tank, 10w40 oil, a toggle switch for 220 V, brass tubes, and oil-resistant rubber hoses. These compressor parts can easily be found in the garage.
Thick wood will be used as the basis for the unit. You will also need a syringe from the nearest pharmacy, anti-corrosion liquid, fasteners, sealants and FUM tape, paint, a needle file, wheels from an office chair and a filter from the car power system.
So, knowing the principle of operation of the compressor, it's time to start building. Let's start with the blower.
Engine as supercharger
We will use a compressor from old refrigerators as a motor. Often it already has a built-in starting relay, which in our case is very convenient. This will automatically maintain the desired pressure in the receiver chamber. It is better to use a motor from old Soviet cooling units. They have higher performance compared to imported products.
Preparatory procedures
Feel free to get the executive part out of your old refrigerator. Naturally, you need to clean the part, because over the years the block has managed to acquire centuries of dust, and also, possibly, to rust. After cleaning, you can treat the body with a rust converter to save the block from corrosion. So, the preparation for painting is done.
Change the lubricant in the actuating unit. It is rare that a refrigerator received service according to the regulations. This system is almost completely isolated from environmental influences. Semi-synthetic is suitable for changing the oil. It is no worse than specialized compressor fluids.
Inlet, outlet and oil change
Must have tubes. Two of them are open, one is soldered. Open tubes are used for air inlet and outlet. To find out which handset is the input and which is the output, you can briefly turn on the power. Next, remember which of the tubes releases air.
The refrigerator compressor circuit says that the lubricant needs to be changed through a sealed tube. You should very carefully cut off the end of the tube with a needle file. It is necessary to saw so that the chips do not get inside. Next, the tip must be broken off and drained into some jar of old grease. Then, using a pharmacy syringe, fill in more lubricant than poured out.
In order for the unit to work properly, the lubrication tube must be sealed. A screw of a suitable diameter will help us with this. It must be wrapped with a pre-prepared FUM tape and screwed into a long-suffering pipe.
Next, attach this device to the board using the prepared fasteners. The electronic part is very sensitive to position. Therefore, the top cover of the relay is marked with an arrow. The operating modes will only switch if the setting is correct.
Choosing a container for the receiver
As practice shows, it works best for painting if a used fire extinguisher is used as an air container. These cylinders are good because they contain the necessary margin of safety. In addition, the fire extinguisher is designed for. This choice is also good because various attachments can be placed on the cylinder body. Take, for example, a metal 10-liter cylinder from OU-10. It holds a pressure of 15 MPa and has high strength.
Fire extinguisher preparation
Immediately boldly twist the lock-starter, we will not need it. And you need to screw the adapter into place, having previously wound the FUM tape onto the thread. If the body is rusted, you need to treat the rust with either chemistry or sandpaper.
Outside, in the fight against corrosion, everything is very, very simple. What about corrosion inside? Pour the cleaner into the bottle, and then you need to mix the product very well. Next, screw the cross from the water supply. And don't forget to seal the threaded connections. Now everything is almost ready.
We mount attachments
We almost made a compressor for painting a car with our own hands. To make it convenient to move, the best option is to mount all the nodes and parts on one platform. We have it wood plate. The motor from the refrigerator is already fixed on it, and now you need to place a fire extinguisher-receiver there.
In the plate, it is necessary to make holes for fasteners in advance. The motor from the refrigerator is already fixed with studs and nuts. The fire extinguisher must be placed vertically. To do this, you can use plywood. This will require three sheets.
In the first sheet, cut a hole suitable for the diameter of the balloon. Fix the rest on the plate. Next, fix these plates to the plate along with the sheet with the hole using glue. To make the fire extinguisher conveniently located on the platform, you can make a recess under the bottom. To make our device maneuverable, take out the prepared furniture wheels and screw them onto the platform.
Protection against dust and small debris
Naturally, the equipment must be protected from dust as much as possible. To do this, we will use a car. The filter must be mounted in the air intake.
How to do it? We use a rubber hose. It should tightly compress the autofilter fitting and the compressor inlet pipe from the refrigerator. On the inlet tube, you can not clamp the hose with clamps. There is no high pressure.
Moisture protection
An oil separator must be installed at the outlet. It will not allow liquid or oil particles to get into the system. To do this, you can apply a filter from the diesel power system. The connection is made using the same hose. But here it is already necessary to strengthen the connections with a clamp, because there will be decent pressure at the outlet.
denouement
The diesel filter must be connected to the reducer input. It is necessary to untie the pressure at the inlet and outlet of the refrigeration compressor. To do this, the high pressure outlet of the supercharger must be screwed into the left and right side of the crosspiece.
We fix the pressure gauge
A manometer is fixed at the top entrance of the crosspiece. On it we will perform pressure control. You also need to tighten the adjusting relays. Do not forget that the threads must be sealed.
Relay importance
This device makes it possible to regulate pressure levels over a wide range. It can, if necessary, interrupt the power supply to the refrigeration motor. For these purposes, either PM5 or RDM5 is suitable. Both devices will start the motor if the pressure drops and turn off when it rises. The pressure level is adjusted using the springs on top. So, with the help of a large one we set the minimum levels, and a small one - the maximum limits.
Electricity
To make it all work, we connect the neutral power wire to the relay, and connect the second wire to the refrigeration engine.
Pass the phase wire through the toggle switch to the second contact of the compressor. This will allow you to turn off the power faster. Naturally, after connecting, you need to securely insulate all this.
So we made a compressor for painting a car with our own hands. It remains only to paint, adjust and test it.
Adjustment and first tests
After assembling all this together, you can safely proceed to the first tests. Connect to unit outlet executive device. Then plug the cord into the outlet, set the relay to the very minimum and turn on the toggle switch. Look at the pressure gauge. If you are convinced that the relay turns off the motor, you can check the tightness. To do this, use the old-fashioned way with soap.
If everything is fine, then bleed the air from the receiver. When the pressure drops, the relay should start the motor. If everything works, then painting with an airbrush will no longer cause difficulties.
First samples
To test the unit in operation, any unnecessary part will do. There is no need for any surface preparation. It is important to determine the working pressure by trial and error. Using experiments, determine the figure at which there is enough pressure to full painting without frequent engine starts.
As you can see, it is quite easy to make for painting. This unit can already be fully used for professional activity. The costs will definitely pay off soon. The compressor is needed not only for painting work. It has a very wide range of applications. A semi-automatic system will allow you not to be distracted from work.
Spray guns
In addition to the compressor, airbrushes will also be needed for painting work. To do this, you need to purchase a pneumatic model. A properly selected airbrush will allow you to successfully carry out work. The tool should be selected based on the characteristics of the compressor.
An airbrush for a car should be correctly selected in accordance with the working pressure. At wrong choice the pressure will drop too quickly, and the quality of work will be very low. There are several technologies that are used in this tool. They need to be selected based on the task. For example, modern technology LVLP allows you to use paint very economically with a small air flow, and the surface will be of high quality.
How to set up the spray gun?
High-quality painting is possible only with properly configured equipment. The spray gun setting allows you to change the width of the torch, air pressure, as well as the paint supply.
With the width of the torch, everything is very clear. Max Width - maximum speed, uniform overlay. For touch-ups, the flame is reduced, but the air supply is also reduced.
Adjusting the flow of paint is also easy. Many experts open it to the maximum. But the air supply can be problematic. For the correct setting, you will need a compressor, instructions for a specific spray gun. It is necessary to use a sheet of drawing paper and direct a jet from the spray gun at it. If the flame is in the shape of a figure eight, reduce the pressure. If the paint is dripping, add it. Find the best position.