Fashion for a minimalist interior forces designers to look for non-standard solutions for common things. Location in the interior of bulky bookcases long gone into oblivion. Instead of massive furniture attributes, original wall-mounted bookshelves have become popular. One of the advantages of this trend is that you can make your own shelving for your favorite works. This is all the more true when you want to fit the shelf into the overall decor. In this case, it is not at all necessary to purchase exclusive material. Consider further what is needed to arrange stylish book shelves in your own home.
- What is the purpose of the shelf? Exclusively for books? Or just decoration?
- What are the dimensions of the future product? How many tiers do you need to satisfy?
- What material is needed to support the weight of all items?
- What method of fastening the structure: wall or on?
These are the most obvious questions that need to be answered. By understanding your own needs, it will be easier for a person to decide on. The choice of materials will also put the craftsman in front of the need to search for a particular tool. For example, wooden crafts will require a saw, sandpaper, screwdrivers and varnish.
Wooden bookshelves
The classic version is in constant demand. Wood material is easy to obtain, and its processing grinder works miracles of design. At the same time, paint ready product not necessary. You can get away with just a means to protect the surface. It is also not always necessary to go to the hardware store for wooden planks. For a bookshelf, it is quite possible to use handy materials. Old crates, a guitar or in a pantry - all this can be sawn up and reused.
Attention! For example, in maritime theme interior wonderfully fit shelf-boat. And if a rare TV is freed from the screen and pasted over inner part wallpaper, you get the perfect repository for women's novels.
The algorithm of actions in this case is quite simple. Need to make or order long wooden corners(about 25 cm) for attaching shelves. At the same time, the latter should not exceed 1 m, so as not to break under the weight of thick novels. 
Children's shelves
An interesting option for kids can be a bookshelf - a showcase. To build a fabulous locker, you will need several planks up to 10 cm wide. Fixing them on the wall in an unusual way will forever be remembered little man. There is also a fabric option. For this:
- It is necessary to find a dense fabric and some pipes or sticks.
- The simplicity of the design lies in attaching it to the wall with conventional brackets. The latter are installed with screws.
- The fabric is recommended to be sewn on sewing machine to make neat cuts for the pipes.
Rope shelves
To follow the popular ship theme, you will need to stock up on bars, suitable rope and planed boards. Of the tools you need only an electric drill. Even nails are not needed. You will also need a processing tool wood material. The algorithm of work is as follows: using a drill, suitable holes are drilled in the boards. A rope is then threaded through these holes.
The originality of this solution lies in the fact that this thick rope itself serves as a fastener - it is enough to tie it with a sea knot.
A multi-tiered option will require the use of bars additionally. They should be located between the shelves like a rope ladder. Therefore, the parts must be the same length. The uppermost knots of the rope are hung on proud hooks in the wall.
Such a hinged structure is quite versatile: it is easy to imagine it both in a children's room and in the office of an adult owner of the house. 
invisible shelves
Instead of ordinary shelves, you can make inconspicuous products with your own hands. They compare favorably with boring cabinets in that the books seem to stick to the wall. This miracle is quite simple to carry out: you need to stock up on L-shaped brackets for each book. You will also need screws and double-sided tape.
Advice. To prevent the book from falling off such a shelf, the staples must be fastened according to the level. On the horizontal part, your favorite books will then be located.
Cable reel
You can even use this to arrange a bookshelf. A traditional wooden spool with a black cable is connected to furniture wheels. To do this, cut the bars round section sufficient width. They will subsequently be inserted into the holes made in the middle of the above-mentioned wheels.
Attention! Wheels should not be drilled through - the holes should not exceed half the depth.
An adhesive binder is then used in the drilled holes to secure the bars. To solidify the structure, it is recommended to press down with something heavy. Painting is allowed only after the glue has completely dried. The bookshelf can easily become mobile if it has wheels. 
old stairs
Another option for using stairs is unusual hanging. Unlike the marine version with ropes, old stairs it is better to deploy horizontally - and put on the same brackets. In this case, the option with a half of the stairs will look good. Or even two copies.
Another feature of this type of fastening is the priority of painting the stairs before its installation. It is also recommended to slightly move the newly appeared bookshelf away from the wall: either completely, or only the lower part.
Arranging a cool bookshelf is easy to do with your own hands. This will require a little imagination and a minimum of handy materials. You don't even have to go to the market. But the interior design will be updated beyond recognition, which friends and acquaintances will be able to appreciate both in the photo and live.
Bookshelf Ideas: Video
Back forward
Attention! The slide preview is for informational purposes only and may not represent the full extent of the presentation. If you are interested in this work, please download the full version.
Lesson Objectives:
- to systematize and generalize students' knowledge on the topic "Text tasks";
- contribute to the formation of skills to apply techniques: comparisons, generalizations, highlighting the main thing, transferring knowledge to a new situation, analyzing the condition of the problem, compiling a solution model;
- to promote the development of skills and abilities to apply mathematical knowledge to solving practical problems, to navigate in the simplest drawings and tabular data when solving a problem;
- to promote the education of interest in mathematics, activity, mobility, communication skills.
Lesson objectives:
- To identify the level of preparation of students in mathematics on this topic, to systematize the knowledge gained
- To help in the development and self-realization of the creative abilities of the individual; teach the methods of organizing intellectual work
- Continue to educate students in a respectful attitude towards each other, a sense of camaraderie, a culture of communication, a sense of responsibility
Preparing for the lesson: Selection of tasks for the lesson, selection of leading and speaking students, preliminary solution of problems by the students and preparation of poster layouts or presentation slides with solutions to their tasks, preparation and preparation of a general presentation for the lesson, preparation of handouts.
Equipment: Interactive whiteboard, presentation for the lesson, posters - layouts with tabular data for tasks No. 2 and No. 3, handouts (Appendix 1), cards with tasks for independent work (Appendix 2)
During the classes
1. Organizational moment
Lead 1. Today our lesson is devoted to the repetition and consolidation of the topic “Text tasks”.
Most often you hear from parents and teachers: solve as many problems as possible, be confident in yourself, love mathematics, because it puts the mind in order... After all, the Road will be mastered by the walking one, and mathematics by the thinker!
Unlike these “good advice”, in this lesson you will receive specific recommendations and algorithms for solving text problems. (Presentation. Slide 1-2)
Lead 2.“Why text tasks?” - you ask. (Presentation. Slide 3) Attention: In order to simply pass the exam and get a certificate, it is enough to solve five problems. Common sense dictates that you should choose the lightest ones. It is text problems that are simple, since you do not need to have mathematical abilities to solve these problems. It is important to know some secrets:
First: simple logic and the ability to count without a calculator. They have nothing but elementary arithmetic operations.
Second: A text problem requires only knowledge of the algorithm and the key solution formula, this will ensure success in the exam.
Attention! To learn how to solve text problems, you will need only three to four hours of independent work, that is, two to three lessons. All you need is life experience, common sense plus the ability to solve an equation or system of equations.
2. Actualization of basic knowledge
Presenter 1. But before moving on to the tasks themselves, check yourself.
Let's remember what proportion is. (Presentation. Slide 4)
Presenter 2. In many tasks, the concept of percentage is used. (Presentation. Slide 5)
Presenter 1. Let us also recall the systems of measures that we know. (Presentation. Slide 6)
Presenter 2. Write it down as a mathematical expression (Presentation. Slide 7)
3. Main body
Presenter 1. So, let's move on to solving typical problems.
We give the floor to Valeria Kostinyuk (Presentation. Slide 8-9).
Library for making bookshelves it is required to order 52 identical glasses in one of three firms. The area of each glass is 0.25 m 2 . Below are prices for glass as well as glass cutting and edge grinding.
How much will the cheapest order cost?
The speaker draws up a decision on an interactive whiteboard (Presentation. Slide 9), enters the actions in the table (Fig. 1).
Solution (Fig. 2):
Answer. 8840 rubles
We give the floor to Maria Utkina and Lisa Burdina (Presentation. Slide 10).
Received in the store ceramic tile three types: “Sea dreams”; "Japanese tunes"; "Sky Blue" Tiles come in different sizes and are packaged in boxes. Using the data in the table, determine in which case the price of one square meter of tiles will be the lowest. In response, indicate this price.
| Name | Size of one tile (m?m) | Number of tiles in a box | Box price (rubles) |
| "Sea Dreams" | 0,4?0,4 | 8 | 896 |
| "Japanese tunes" | 0,4?0,6 | 6 | 936 |
| "Sky Blue" | 0,6?0,2 | 10 | 864 |
Speakers explain the solution to the problem using a mock-up poster.
Solution (Fig. 3):
We give the floor to Sasha Suzdaltseva and Xenia Galich (Presentation. Slide 11).
The table shows the conditions of a bank deposit in three different banks. It is assumed that the client deposits 40,000 rubles into the account for a period of one year.
* After opening a deposit, the specified amount for servicing is withdrawn from the account. At the end of the year, the contribution is increased by the specified percentage.
Which bank will have the largest deposit by the end of the year?
In response, indicate the amount of this contribution in rubles.
Speakers explain the solution of the problem using a mock-up poster (Fig. 4,5)
Solution (Fig. 5):
Answer. 43164
Task 4 (for movement)
We give the floor to Alexander Shchemerov (Presentation. Slide 12-14).
On two parallel railway tracks, fast and freight trains follow each other, the speeds of which are respectively 85 km/h and 80 km/h. The length of the commodity - 600 meters. Find the length of the fast train if the time it takes for it to pass the freight train is 24 seconds? Give your answer in meters.
The speaker uses a drawing to explain the solution (Presentation. Slide 14), and writes the computational steps of the solution on the board (Fig. 6).
Let's find the speed of approach of trains: 80 + 85 = 165 (km/h).
Convert to m/s: 
Using the Key Distance Formula S=?t,
find the distance traveled by the fast train: 
Subtract the length of the freight train from this distance and get the length of the fast train:
Task 5 (to work)
We give the floor to Anna Sokolova (Presentation. Slide 15-18).
Masha can weed a garden bed in 40 minutes, and Dasha in 35 minutes. For the first 14 minutes the girls worked together, and then Dasha left and Masha alone weeded the rest of the garden. How many minutes did it take to weed the bed?
The speaker uses a table (Presentation. Slide 16) and a drawing (Presentation. Slide 17) to explain the solution, and writes the solution to the equation on the board (Fig. 7).
Solution: Presentation. slide 16-18
Task 6 (percentage)
We give the floor to Tsaplina Valeria (Presentation. Slide 19).
Pants are 30% more expensive than a shirt and 22% cheaper than a jacket. By what percent is the shirt cheaper than the jacket?
The speaker makes a short note and writes out the solution to the problem on the board (Fig. 8-9).
Solution (Fig. 9):
Task 7 (percentage)
We invite Faizova Marina (Presentation. Slide 20-21).
On Monday, the company's shares rose in price by a certain number of percent, and on Tuesday they fell in price by the same number of percent. As a result, they began to cost 4% cheaper than at the opening of trading on Monday. By what percent did the company's shares rise in price on Monday?
The speaker tells the solution of the problem (Fig. 10).
Solution: Presentation. slide 21
Task 8 (for mixtures and alloys)
We give the floor to Irina Bazhenova (Presentation. Slide 22-25).
The first solution contains 40% acid and the second solution contains 60% acid. By mixing these solutions and adding 5 liters of water, a 20% solution was obtained. If 5 liters of an 80% solution were added instead of water, a 70% solution would be obtained. How many liters of a 60% acid solution were there originally?
The speaker tells a step-by-step solution to the problem (Presentation. Slide 23-24), and then, after compiling the system, allows students to solve it on their own. Each student checks the result of the system solution (Presentation. Slide 25).
Solution: Presentation. Slide 23-25
4. Independent work by cards (Appendix 2)
Presenter 1. At this point, we have completed the consideration of all the main types of tasks.
We remembered the algorithms for solving text problems, analyzed the ways to solve them, clearly demonstrated the condition and the course of solving each problem, and, thanks to this, we saw all their pitfalls.
Thank you for your help in preparing and conducting the lesson. Your work will be highly appreciated.
Lead 2. But in order for this work not to be in vain, it is necessary to consolidate the material, i.e. independently solving such problems. And now we give you the opportunity to independently test yourself in solving word problems. You will learn the results of independent work in the next lesson.
So let's get started. (Presentation. Slide 26)
For a job well done, you can get 1 primary score.
Approximately 12 minutes.
What you need to know when completing the 12 tasks in basic mathematics:
Task 12 in mathematics at the basic level in the exam is divided into several types:
- creating a kit;
- choice the best option out of two/three/four possible options.
Tasks for training
Task #1
To service an international seminar, it is necessary to assemble a group of translators. Information about the candidates is presented in the table.
| translators | Languages | Cost of services (rubles per day) |
| 1 | Chinese, English | 7000 |
| 2 | Japanese, Chinese | 6000 |
| 3 | Japanese | 3000 |
| 4 | Japanese, French | 6000 |
| 5 | French | 2000 |
| 6 | English | 4000 |
Using the table, gather at least one group in which the translators together are proficient in four foreign languages: English, French, Chinese and Japanese, and the total cost of their services does not exceed 12,000 rubles per day. In your answer, please indicate exactly one set of translator numbers, in which there is a translator who knows only Japanese, without spaces, commas and other additional characters.
Task #2
In order to knit a sweater, the hostess needs 1000 grams of woolen yarn. of blue color. You can buy blue yarn at a price of 120 rubles per 100 grams, or you can buy undyed yarn at a price of 80 rubles per 100 grams and dye it. One bag of paint costs 70 rubles and is designed for dyeing 500 grams of yarn. Which purchase option is cheaper? In the answer, write how much this purchase will cost.
Task #3
To make bookshelves, you need to order 40 identical glasses from one of the three companies. The area of each glass is 0.2 m 2 . The table shows prices for glass, as well as glass cutting and edge grinding. How much will the cheapest order cost?
Task #4
Some rating firm determines the value for money rating of electric shavers. The rating can be calculated based on the average price P and functionality evaluations F, quality Q and design D. Each individual indicator was rated by experts on a five-point scale with integers from 0 to 4. The formula for calculating the final rating:
R = 3(F + Q) + D - 0.01P
The table gives estimates of each indicator for several models of electric shavers. Determine which model has the lowest rating. In response, write down the value of this rating.
| Shaver model | average price | Functionality | Quality | Design |
| A | 1500 rub. | 1 | 2 | 0 |
| B | 2100 rub. | 2 | 3 | 2 |
| C | 3200 rub. | 2 | 0 | 4 |
| D | 2800 rub. | 3 | 3 | 3 |
There is nothing better than shelves for organizing space in rooms, as well as for decorating the interior. Comfortable, functional, original form, they help to conveniently arrange a lot of things and give the rooms a more comfortable look. Making shelves on the wall with your own hands is not at all difficult, and you can use a wide variety of materials - wood, fiberboard, glass, pieces of tin, plywood.
| Types of wall shelves | Description |
|---|---|
| Classic | This type of shelves is the most common because of its simplicity, aesthetic appearance and ease of installation. They are a huge flight of fancy: from simple squares to creative asymmetric shapes. |
| corner | This type of wall shelves differs in the method of fastening - it is carried out on adjacent adjacent walls. Most often they are mounted in utility rooms and bathrooms |
| Suspended | This original way creating a shelf involves attaching a simple structure to the ceiling using cables or vertical racks |
| floor standing | This wall shelf is a floor support structure. This type of product is especially relevant in hallways, as well as large rooms where you don’t have to think about wasting space. |
| Open and closed shelves on the wall | Wall shelves can be designed, for example, with or without glass |
Making a simple wooden shelf
The tree is the most comfortable material for work. Wooden shelves are simple, complex, open and closed, vertical, horizontal and angular. Based on basic version, you can assemble a shelf from several modules and give it the most incredible look. In order for the product to serve for a long time, you should choose the right wood: the boards must be perfectly even, completely dry, without cracks, voids and mold.
During the assembly process you will need:
- hacksaw;
- drill;
- building level;
- pencil and ruler;
- boards 16 mm thick;
- stain;
- varnish for wood;
- grinder;
- screws, brackets, dowels.
As an example, a simple rectangular shelf 250 mm wide, 300 mm high and 1100 mm long is used.
Step 1. Markup
The boards are laid flat on the table and measurements are transferred from the drawing. The height of the side walls should be 268 mm, since they will be located between the top and bottom: wall height + board thickness x 2 = 300 mm.
Step 2. Cutting the boards
If the markup exactly matches the pattern, you can start cutting. It is best to use a jigsaw for this, then the cuts are perfectly even and neat. Should get 2 long blanks and 2 short ones.
Step 3. Processing blanks
Before proceeding with the assembly, each workpiece must be sanded, stained and varnished. If you plan to simply paint the shelf, the blanks are processed - this way the service life increases, and the paint lays down more evenly.
Step 4. Assembly of the product
The bottom board is laid flat on a flat surface. 8 mm retreat from the ends of the workpiece and draw 2 straight lines parallel to the cuts. Now on these lines you need to mark two points at a distance of 5 cm from the edge, and drill holes for the screws there. Do the same with the top piece. When all the holes are ready, side blanks are installed on the bottom board and screws are screwed in. A second board is applied on top and the side walls are also fixed with self-tapping screws.
Brackets are fixed at the ends of the side walls, holes for dowels are drilled in the wall, self-tapping screws are inserted and twisted so that they protrude by about 5 mm. The dowels must be located strictly horizontally, therefore, before drilling, a line is drawn using a level. Now it remains only to attach the brackets to the fasteners and hang the shelf. If desired, the back wall of the product can be hammered with a piece of plywood, and glass can be inserted in front.
To make such a simple shelf more original, you can replace one side wall with a stump of a thick branch. To do this, choose an even branch with a diameter of about 7-8 cm with a smooth clean bark, saw off a piece 28 cm long, cut off all the lateral processes. Chock is treated with a primer, dried and varnished. The bark does not need to be removed. After the varnish has dried, the workpiece is inserted between the upper and lower boards and screwed tightly with self-tapping screws.
Based on this drawing, you can make various variations of wall shelves. For example, reduce the length to 400 mm and make 3-4 blocks at once. Then stack them on top of each other checkerboard pattern and secure with metal plates. Or simply fix them on the wall separately, placing them at a short distance from each other.
Often, to save space, shelves are made angular, and they can be mounted both in the inner and outer corners.
The blanks are made according to the scheme described above, only the upper and lower boards consist of two elements, with ends sawn at an angle. The process of making such a shelf is quite simple:
- the halves of the top board are smeared at the ends with glue and clamped with clamps;
- repeat the same steps with the bottom board;
- when the glue dries, all the workpieces are stained or primed;
- fastening lines are marked on the upper and lower blanks and holes are drilled;
- insert the side walls and fix them with self-tapping screws.
| Wall shelf materials | Advantages and disadvantages |
|---|---|
| Wood: plywood, chipboard, MDF and others | This material is relatively easy to work with, it looks beautiful, natural and spectacular, its service life is quite long, especially if pre-treatment is carried out. |
| Plastic | This material is the most versatile, it can imitate both wood and stone, while removing their imperfections. |
| Metal | Such wall shelves will be very strong, reliable and durable, however, classic interior they fit in with difficulty. In addition, corrosion can also become a problem, so special processing and conditions will be required for metal products. |
| Glass | Transparent wall shelves will create an atmosphere of lightness and comfort in the house. Of course, it will be difficult to make a glass structure with your own hands, but if you nevertheless decide to do all the work yourself, then you will have to work with glass for quite a long time and very carefully, especially if various cutouts are planned in the design of the shelf. |
Original book shelves
Shelves of non-standard shape are in increasing demand, so if you wish, you can try to assemble something original. For example, a bookshelf in the form of a simplified labyrinth is used.
For manufacturing you will need:
- edged board 20 mm thick;
- wood glue;
- clamps;
- roulette;
- hacksaw;
- miter box;
- Sander;
- stain;
- furniture screws, self-tapping screws;
- decorative shelf holders.
If you have everything you need, you can start making the shelf.
Step 1. Markup
On the prepared boards, cut lines are marked with a pencil under the ruler. Measurements should be transferred very carefully, since all horizontal parts have different lengths.
Step 2. Trimming blanks
The ends of each workpiece are cut at an angle of 45 or 90 degrees. The diagram shows the first option, so you need a miter box for sawing. It is very important to correctly install the miter box on the board so that the cuts are symmetrical. If the ends are cut off incorrectly, it will not work to fold the shelf.
Step 3. Assembly of the structure
The ends of the parts are smeared with glue, tightly compressed and additionally fixed with slotted furniture screws. Ordinary self-tapping screws do not fit here. At least 2 screws are required for each joint. Both parts of the shelf are applied to the wall, leveled and the attachment points are marked with a pencil. After that, holes for dowels are drilled, brackets are screwed to the shelf with self-tapping screws and the structure is hung on the wall. Instead of brackets, decorative pelican shelf holders are often used.
Hanging shelf with straps
If you need a decorative shelf for small items, the next option is perfect - a board suspended on belts.
To make a shelf you will need:
- 2 edged boards 300x750 mm, 30 mm thick;
- 4 leather belts 75 cm long;
- 4 long screws with plastic dowels;
- 4 short screws;
- building level;
- ruler;
- sharp knife;
- drill.
Step 1. Preparing the straps
The cuts of the belts must be perfectly even, therefore, if necessary, they are cut with a knife. Fold each belt in half, press the ends to the table, step back from the edge 2 cm and drill a neat through hole. Do the same with the remaining three.
Step 2 Attach the straps to the wall
On the wall, using a level, two points are determined at a distance of 60 cm. Holes are drilled and plastic dowels are inserted. A belt folded in half is applied to one of the holes and fixed with a long screw - a large loop is obtained on the wall. Another such loop is attached nearby.
Step 3. Installing the shelf
A polished board is inserted into the loops and aligned horizontally. To prevent the shelf from moving, the parts of the belts adjacent to the wall near the board itself are screwed with short self-tapping screws. Now another one is hung under this shelf, exactly repeating the steps described above. The result is a light and neat bunk shelf. If desired, you can add 1-2 more tiers.
For the manufacture of the shelves described above, you can use not only wood, but also plywood, as well as chipboard sheets. Last option It is used most often, since chipboard is light in weight, high strength, practicality and durability. When assembling shelves from this material, all sections must be pasted over with a melamine edge to match the color of the sheet.
Making a glass shelf
Glass shelves harmoniously fit into any interior, and the installation process does not take much time. For work you will need:
- strained glass;
- a hammer;
- electric drill;
- building level;
- aluminum profile;
- dowels;
- adhesive tape;
- ruler;
- pencil.
Not everyone knows how to cut glass correctly, and therefore it is better to order cutting blanks in the workshop. They will also perform grinding and polishing of the edges, so that when installing the shelf, you will not be cut on sharp edges. Everything else can be done on your own.
Step 1. Marking for fasteners
The section of the wall where the shelf will hang should be as large as possible. Using a building level, draw a horizontal line on the wall with a pencil. On the line mark the location of the fasteners, drill holes.
Step 2: Install profiles
An aluminum profile is applied to the wall surface and the conformity of the mounting marks is checked. Then dowels are inserted into the holes, the profile is baited with one screw and leveled horizontally. After that, tighten the rest of the screws.
Instead of a drill, insert the bracket screw 
Screw in the bracket screw 
Leave the bracket screw protruding from the wall 
Checking the position 
We have shelves Step 3 Attaching the Shelf
The rear edge of the glass shelf is closed with adhesive tape. You can use separate spacers from the tape, placing them where the glass will touch the heads of the screws. The shelf is inserted into the profile, the edges of the profile are closed with protective caps. If two shelves touch on the sides, their edges are fastened with metal fittings.
If you have free time and a desire to experiment, you can create very unusual wall shelves from improvised materials. For example, it looks original corner shelf from plastic pipes. For its manufacture, segments will be needed sewer pipes and corner cuts. The shelf is attached to the wall with screws and dowels.
Old suitcases and diplomats can also be great wall shelves. To do this, they are cut in height to half, cover the back with plywood and fix on the wall with screws or on brackets.
Drawers from unnecessary bedside tables are quite suitable for the manufacture of shelves. To give them an elegant look, the boxes should be carefully sanded, primed and painted in bright colors. Then they are leaned with the back wall against the surface, the attachment points are marked and holes are drilled for them. Even one such shelf looks very original, and a composition of 2-3 drawers will become a real decoration.
Video - Shelves on the wall with your own hands
Interesting wooden shelf. Master Class
You will need:
- Rope;
- Board at least 2 cm thick;
- 2 corners (mounts) for shelves;
- Steel washers;
- Lighter;
- Drill;
- Saw.
Almost everyone can make bookshelves with their own hands, since this is the simplest type of furniture. Their manufacture requires minimal skills, a small amount of material and fasteners. In this article you will find the answer to the question of how to make bookshelves with your own hands.
A simple bookshelf is a box assembled from four plates - two vertical elements (racks) and two horizontal elements (shelves). Do-it-yourself bookshelves are easy!
Manufacturing steps
Sizing
Making a bookshelf should start with a definition overall dimensions. The length of the horizontal members from upright to upright should not exceed 80 cm to avoid deflection of the shelves under load. Therefore, if the total length of the shelf exceeds the specified size, it is necessary to increase the number of vertical elements in the shelf or increase the number of shelves.
It is possible to make a bookshelf with your own hands from wood. If books are planned to be installed in one row, then the optimal depth of the shelf is 23 cm, with a two-row installation of books - 40 cm.
The height of the racks is determined by the distance between the horizontal elements, at least 33 cm, if you plan to put books in a non-standard format or folders for files). It is desirable that the height of the racks exceed the distance between the shelves by 10 - 12 cm. This will allow you to use the top shelf for installing books or decorative elements interior.
Make yourself a drawing, it's more convenient to make bookshelves. In order to fix the shelf to the wall with dowel-nails without using metal canopies that violate appearance, add one more detail - the king.
Its length is equal to the length of the shelf, since it is located under the top shelf or above it, depending on general design products, width no more than 10 cm. It is connected with one long end to the top shelf and two short ends with racks behind the shelf flat to the wall. A couple of holes are drilled in it for dowel nails.
The dimensions of the parts are defined:
- 80 x 23 cm - 2 pieces (shelves), hem on one long side;
- 45 x 23 cm - 2 pieces (racks), edge from one long and two short sides;
- 80 x 10 cm - 1 piece (tsarga), hem on one long side.
It is customary to edge only prominent ends, but if you make a bookshelf with your own hands, you can close all ends with an edge, as they are one of the sources of environmental disturbance in the room.
Cutting details
To make a hanging bookshelf with your own hands neatly, you need to order the cutting of parts of the required color from laminated chipboard and edging at the company providing these services. If you have any problems finding a company (usually there are several of them in each city, but also in the village), please contact furniture store, but you will overpay for mediation.
laminated board different sizes can be found in the markets of building materials, as well as in large stores specializing in the sale of goods for repairs.
You will have to purchase an edge. The edge should be melamine with adhesive applied to it. On a straight end, it is simply glued with an iron at home and processed with sharp knife(for cutting wallpaper) and a small file (a bar with fine sandpaper). We will talk about this in more detail in another article.
Assembling a bookshelf
As it is more convenient to make bookshelves, we fasten all five parts together at a right angle using euro screws (large self-tapping screws with a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 50 mm). 
It is necessary to prepare the parts for assembly:
- mark and drill in the planes of the racks (the ends of the shelves are adjacent to the planes of the racks) holes with a diameter of 7-7.5 mm (the holes are larger than the diameter of the Euro screw, so that when tightening it is possible to slightly shift the parts to be fastened relative to each other to compensate for inaccurate marking and withdrawal of the drill when drilling);
- mark and drill holes with a diameter of 5 - 5.2 mm at the ends of the shelves and drawers, into which the Euroscrew will be screwed.
Make the bookshelf yourself - we make the markup using a tape measure, a pencil and a core (awl). The coordinates of the holes on the uprights, shelf and drawer side are shown in the figures below. Inaccuracies in marking and drilling of 1 - 2 mm are quite acceptable.
Calculate the coordinates of holes on planes with a diameter of 7-7.5 mm slowly and carefully. erroneously drilled hole as a result of an incorrect calculation, it spoils the appearance of the product, since it cannot be hidden or repaired (just stick a plug for the euro screw).
All calculations are simple and based on the fact that the euro screw is twisted in the middle chipboard end 16 mm thick. Therefore, 8 mm is added to all distances between parts when marking for a euro screw on a plane.
If the end is adjacent to the edge of the plane (the connection of the lower shelf with the rack), we set aside not 8 mm, but 9 mm from the edge of the rack to compensate for marking and drilling errors (it is better to drown the end relative to the plane than it protrudes).
In the figure we see the estimated size of 342 mm. The distance from the top end of the rack to the shelf is determined by the width of the drawer side 100 mm. Therefore, the middle of the upper shelf relative to the bottom of the rack is calculated as follows: 450 - 100 - 8 = 342 mm
What's the best way to make bookshelves? At this distance from the bottom of the rack, draw a line with a pencil and mark on it 60 mm from each edge (60 mm is the most optimal size from the point of view of the possibility of delamination of chipboard when screwing a euro screw into it).
Holes for fastening the drawer on the top shelf are drilled along the long end adjacent to the wall. At a distance of 800 mm, three holes are enough: one in the center and two at the edges. Holes for connecting the shelf with the uprights are drilled in the middle of the chipboard thickness in two opposite short ends at a distance of 60 mm (coinciding with the distance on the uprights). There are no holes for the drawstring on the bottom shelf.
In the drawer side, we drill holes only at the ends at the distances previously set on the top shelf and on the stand.
We twist the prepared parts together with euro screws using a 4mm hexagon. The rigidity of the shelf is provided by the side, so you can do without rear wall from fiberboard or plywood. We close the caps of the euro screws with special plugs to match the color of the material, drill two holes in the side for the dowel-nails and fix the shelf on the wall.
The process of making a bookshelf with your own hands is completed. I hope you got the answer to the question of how to make bookshelves with your own hands, see the photo of the bookshelf design:
