Sewerage ventilation in a country house. Sewer ventilation in a private house. The principle of the device of the ventilation riser for sewerage in the MKD

So that in a private house there are all conditions for comfortable living person, it is necessary to equip a sewage disposal system. Drainage from plumbing fixtures is carried out using a vacuum that draws recycled water from siphons. In this case, the release of stench into the surrounding space is possible. This can be avoided by sewer ventilation.

Ventilation of the waste system will provide:

the removal of stench from the highways, preventing them from entering the living quarters;
stabilization of pressure in pipes;
suppression of noise in the system that occurs when drains are discharged.

Organization of ventilation of the sewer system

For laying a drain in a private house, permits are not needed, so its design is often carried out in violation of the norms. This causes a disruption in the functioning of the sewer. Avoiding failures in the system will allow adhering to construction, as well as sanitary norms and rules developed for residential buildings.

The need for ventilation of outdoor treatment facilities

For effective air exchange of the sewer system, it is necessary to follow the rules for its installation:

if the diameter of the central riser exceeds 50 mm, or plumbing fixtures are located on different floors of the house, it will be necessary to install a fan line - an ending that leads outside the building through the roof. It prevents rarefaction of air in the sewer system, preventing the release of stench into the living quarters of the house;
the size of the opening of the fan line must match the section of the riser.

Note: there are no regulations governing ventilation external sewerage mansion, but experts recommend arranging the air exchange of external treatment facilities to avoid stagnation.

Stages of organizing air exchange in the sewer

Based on current standards, we can distinguish the main stages of organizing sewer ventilation in a cottage:

riser ventilation, including installation fan pipe;
organization of air exchange in the external sewage system (septic tanks, sewer pits, VOCs).

Pipe selection

Use to ventilate sewers. Their advantages:

ease;
ease of installation;
complete set of rotary, connecting elements, fasteners.

The diameter of the pipes for sewer ventilation depends on the area and complexity of the design of the house. For single-storey buildings, communications with a hole of 50 mm are sufficient, for multi-storey buildings - from 110 mm.

Ventilator Arrangement Rules

Each plumbing element is equipped with a siphon, a curved tube that is constantly filled with water. It is a kind of water seal that prevents the ingress of drains and unpleasant odors into the living space. But with a strong drain in the sewer, a vacuum occurs, sucking water out of the siphon, which causes the stench to spread throughout the house. This situation often occurs in a multi-storey cottage with several bathrooms, while draining from different floors.

To avoid this, the ventilation pipe is taken out of the house through. Communication should be 4 m above the ground level - then when draining, an air lock will not occur, the water will remain in the hydraulic seals, and bad smell output by the system. For this pipe, a special shaft is provided for at the design stage of the house.

Tip: if the installation of a (ventilation) pipe for sewerage was not included in the project of the cottage, it can be laid along the vertical plane of the wall, closed from the outside with a plasterboard niche, or with a decorative box.

Ventilation risers in the mansion are equipped according to the following rules:

The fan line must be at least 30 cm above the roof. Minimum distance from the air outlet line to the nearest windows and balconies - 4 m. If the attic in the house is in use, the end of the riser is brought to a level of 3 m above the roof. This will ensure that unpleasant odors are removed by the wind. It is not recommended to bring the fan pipe under the roof overhang - ice and snow coming off the roof can damage the structure;
do not install a hood/deflector on the outlet of the air duct, this may cause the formation of condensate and its freezing in winter time;
docking of several ventilation systems is carried out with pipes of the same diameter (usually 50, 100 mm);
it is forbidden to combine the air outlet from the sewerage with a chimney, a ventilation system of the premises.

Please note: following these rules will protect your home from stench from the sewer.

Installation of a fan pipe

The efficiency of removing recycled air from the house largely depends on the proper arrangement of the fan pipe. In modern siphons installed on plumbing fixtures, the water supply is small. If the device is not used for several days, it dries up, letting air from the sewer into the house.

The fan pipe will allow to eliminate this defect. Through it, the exhausted warm air is discharged to the outside, causing a vacuum inside the system. There is a pressure drop, due to which the air from living rooms sucked into sewer system. The pressure drop inside the lines disappears and unpleasant odors do not enter the house.

Structurally, the fan pipe is an extension of the riser, so it must be made from a similar piece of pipe. To create traction in communication, its lower outlet is arranged in a warm room, and the upper one in a cold one. To exit the fan pipe to the attic, a special sleeve is formed in the ceiling of the house. The gaps between the edges of the hole and the line are sealed. The exit of the pipe to the roof can be carried out vertically, or at an angle.

If there are several risers in the house, they can be connected in the attic space with a single fan pipe. For this, 45˚ plastic elbows, or tees, are used.

Installation of vacuum valves

If for some reason it is impossible to bring the vent pipe to the roof of the house (due to the specifics of the building design, the complexity of the sewage lines, weather conditions), it is replaced by ventilation valves. They are designed to regulate the pressure inside the system.

One is installed on the top outlet of the sewer riser. It has a spring with little resistance and is sealed rubber compressor. When a vacuum occurs in the air in the system, the valve opens, letting air into the sewer. After stabilization of the pressure in the sewage lines, the diaphragm closes, preventing the exit of stench from the riser into the living quarters of the house.

In addition to the riser, ventilation valves are installed in horizontal sections of the pipeline. Their number and location is determined by the number of connected plumbing fixtures and the length of the highways.

Please note: vacuum valves are not a complete replacement for the fan pipe - they are additional elements of the sewer ventilation system. Over time, they become clogged, worn out and need to be replaced.

Sewer ventilation repair

The presence of problems with air exchange in the sewage system is indicated by the appearance of unpleasant odors in the house. The reason for this may be:

incorrect installation, or failure of the siphon of one of the plumbing fixtures. Eliminates by reinstalling or replacing this element;
violation of the functioning of the hydraulic seal. The reason for this may be the use of sewer lines of small diameter, clogging;
leakage in the riser;
blockage of ventilation ducts.

Sewer ventilation - necessary measure in a private house. The organization of this system will prevent the ingress of exhaust gases, unpleasant odors, fumes into the living quarters, and ensure the comfort of all the inhabitants of the cottage.

One of the factors for comfortable living in a private house is high-quality ventilation of the sewer system, through which unpleasant odors that accumulate in the pipeline are removed. Ventilation is needed different types sewerage (autonomous, centralized, isolated and non-isolated). Its functions include ensuring the flow of the required volume of air, normalizing the pressure in the system for silent draining of wastewater. Ideally, a sewer hood is designed during the construction of a private house, but basically it is remembered only in emergency situations, when bad smell within the territory of.

Preparation of the sewer system and installation of ventilation at the stage of building a house

Types of ventilation systems

Ventilation in the sewer system can be external and internal.

Internal sewer ventilation is designed during construction inside the facility. In this case, the riser is displayed on the cover in the form of a fan pipe, while the diameters of the pipelines are 10 cm. The fan pipe should be placed at a distance of 4 m from the windows.

The height of the fan pipe depends on the roofing option, it varies from 20 cm to 3 m. flat roofs the minimum height will be 30 cm, for pitched ones - 50 cm. A deflector is mounted on the pipeline, which enhances natural draft and protects the ventilation system from atmospheric precipitation.

External ventilation is often placed on built objects, it can be built according to several schemes:

in the form of septic tank ventilation ( best option for home), which is removed by 2 m;
running a ventilation duct outer wall object (looks like a drain, the height of which is greater than the edge of the roof) with a diameter of 11 cm;
fastening ventilation to the fence. But you need to think about the neighbors, who will be disturbed by the unpleasant smell of the sewer.

Compliance with the basic rules in the arrangement of the ventilation system

Of course, a sewer hood in a private house is indispensable, it will serve as an obstacle to the spread of unpleasant odors from the bathrooms. If there are several risers, they are combined into a common ventilation system.

building ventilation system for sewerage

Specialists highlight following rules to be observed when installing ventilation risers:

with the intended use of the attic in the house, the ventilation riser must be taken out at least 3 m;
the height of the removal of the outer part of the ventilation riser to the roof should not be less than 0.5 m;
the ventilation riser cannot be removed or combined with chimneys and the general ventilation system of the house;
it is possible to connect several fan pipes using one hood;
the diameter of the exhaust pipe must be equal to the waste area of the riser;
it is advisable not to attach a deflector to the sewer exhaust pipes, as condensate may appear, which will freeze in winter;
it is not advisable to place the ventilation pipe under the roof overhang due to the risk of damage during the convergence of snow and ice in winter.

Drafting and selection of pipelines for exhaust

For sewer ventilation, it is desirable to use plastic pipes. This is due to the following advantages:

ease of installation;
light weight;
equipped with all structural details.

Put plastic ventilation Any person with minimal experience in carrying out repair and construction work can do it.

The design provides for a specialized ventilation duct, through which the pipe will be output. If there is no ventilation system in the project, the pipe can be installed horizontally in the wall and covered with a rosette. Pipe diameter for one-story buildings will be 50 mm, for multi-storey buildings - at least 110 mm. In harsh conditions, insulation of pipelines is required.

Inserting a ventilation pipe into a sewer pipe at the point of its exit from the house

Installation of a vacuum valve - as an alternative to complex ventilation systems

An obligatory detail in wastewater receivers is a water seal, which is a siphon of a sewer pipe shaped like a knee. It constantly contains a small volume of water that prevents the spread of an unpleasant odor. But with a drop in system pressure, a significant load falls on the sewer pipe. Deposits gradually accumulate in the siphon, which must be periodically removed.

If there are difficulties in arranging the ventilation system or the house is not multi-storey, then the installation of vacuum valves becomes an alternative solution. The device will work when discharged, preventing the odor from escaping the riser.

The device has a spring with little resistance and an airtight rubber seal. The valve is activated when discharged from wastewater flowing through the riser, by opening and passing air from the room into the sewer system.

But the vacuum valve is not able to completely replace the ventilation pipes for ventilation, as they gradually break down and become clogged. Their other disadvantage is that they do not eliminate the smell of sewage, with dried water in plumbing siphons.

installation of ventilation pipes

How to make a valve yourself?

The ventilation valve has a simple structure and can be made by hand in one of several ways using improvised materials.

A spring is removed from a ballpoint pen, according to the thickness of which a self-tapping screw is selected. Its length should be 4.5 cm. Then a washer with a diameter of 5 cm is cut out of hard plastic, in the center of which a hole is drilled for fasteners so that it moves freely. In this design, the spring must rest against the manufactured washer.

After that, another larger washer (about 6 cm) must be cut out of the foam rubber, in the center of it, make a hole for the self-tapping screw. The two resulting washers are glued together with Moment glue.

In the cover of the end tee (diameter 10 cm), 3 holes are made with a diameter of not more than 5 m, which should be located from the center of the surface at a distance of 2-2.5 cm. Irregularities must be eliminated from the inside of the cover. Then a hole is pierced in the center with an awl, where a self-tapping screw is screwed in, fastening the entire structure.

After the assembly of the ventilation valve is completed, you need to check its performance and blow into each hole in turn (air must pass through them freely). If, when checking, it is necessary to apply efforts to purge air, then unscrew the self-tapping screw a little and loosen the spring force. You can try to draw back air that should not flow. If this does not work out, then they adjust the self-tapping screw, wrap it and compress the spring.

After the test, the valve will work properly, holding back gases from the sewer system and protecting the water locks from draining the liquid when draining.

Hood for sewerage in wooden house with your own hands using a fan pipe, it may be necessary if the diameter of the sewer pipe is blocked by sewage (while draining the filled bath and the toilet tank). But this is theoretically unrealistic, since the diameter of the connected drain to the bathtub and toilet bowl is at least 11 cm, and the drain hole at the tank does not exceed 70 mm. Other plumbing fixtures create smaller one-time drains that do not significantly change the situation.

installation and fixing of the ventilation pipe

The fan pipe must be installed in the following cases:

in the presence of equipment (pool) connected to a common sewer system and carrying out significant one-time drains;
if there are several floors of the house with toilets and bathtubs;
with a cross section of sewer risers 5 cm;
with a septic tank installed on the territory, from where unpleasant odors can appear.

The exhaust pipe should be mounted at such a level that an optimal air flow is created that removes unpleasant odors. Its diameter must correspond to or be over size sewer outlet. For the installation of a plastic pipe, the same sewer parts are used as when installing a riser. Plastic pipes are easier to fasten, they have a longer service life (compared to metal ones). During assembly, distortions should not be allowed to ensure a tight connection of parts.

Also, a fan pipe can be used to ventilate a sewer pipe, because warm air vapors move upwards from the riser. At the same time, the vacuum draws vapors from the siphon and eliminates unpleasant odors.

If the house has several risers, then the fan pipes are brought to the roof. After that, they are sheathed with siding, metal profiles, DSP or other building materials on a pre-made frame made of metal profiles or wooden bars.

But if the project provides for several risers, then one fan pipeline can be installed, while providing other sewer risers with vacuum valves.

The fan pipe must be installed if available. treatment plant so that unpleasant fumes do not spread around a private house.

According to the laws of physics and building codes, the laying of a sewer hood must be carried out near heated rooms, while bringing the end part into the zone of cooled air flows.

Installation of external ventilation on a septic tank

Installation of external ventilation of the treatment plant is not difficult. This method is suitable for a large house with several risers.

To implement the project, it will be necessary to prepare two sewer pipes polyvinyl chloride wire different diameter(50 and 100 mm). After that, a second pipe with a diameter of 100 mm is placed in the lid of the septic tank at the optimum height from the soil level. This height protects the pipe from water ingress during floods.

Then the pipeline with a diameter of 5 cm is connected to the bottom pipe using an adapter.

Quality and efficient work an autonomous sewer system in a private house can be provided using correct installation complex of ventilation pipes and equipment.

Sewer ventilation in a private house is an integral part of communication networks. Owners of private houses in the process of arranging the drainage system Wastewater consider that ventilation for sewerage should be installed only in a building of a huge area and with a large number of plumbing fixtures.

In practice, a sewer hood in a private house, which ensures the entry of clean air and the removal of gases with an unpleasant odor, should be thought out for any building. The differences between the systems will concern design features depending on individual project construction.

Sewer ventilation contributes to a uniform balance of pressure values in the drainage system. Due to this circumstance, the owner will avoid the spread of a smelly smell in the living rooms and receive excellent level soundproofing, eliminating the unpleasant noise of water movement through sewer pipes.

Ventilation arrangement options

Sewer ventilation in a private house should be equipped, regardless of how many floors and plumbing fixtures in the building. In this matter important rule is the design of the schema.

Ventilation can be done in two ways:

Use fan pipes;
Use vacuum valves.

Determining the main details must begin with the understanding that the current building regulations contain several conditions that indicate the use of only vent pipes in the work. These conditions include:

The number of floors in the building is from two or more, while the drain points will be located above the first floor.
The parameter of the inner circumference of the pipes of the riser exceeds 50 centimeters.

In any other situation, the owner can use the most simple circuits. It turns out that the decision to use a fan pipe in a pipeline, where it may not be, can only be made by the owner of the house. It is important to remember that experts recommend using more than one valve device to improve the efficiency of the drain, because such devices will not guarantee complete blocking of unpleasant odors from the sewer, as well as sound insulation.

In addition to the advantages already mentioned, sewer ventilation from fan pipes will contribute to the normal functioning of the sewage system, since in such a device drying out of the siphon is less dangerous.

The situation with the loss of water is common. Especially in country houses, where plumbing is used for its intended purpose several months a year. In this case, the water seal dries up. The sewer vent helps warm air rise up and out through the pipe. When the siphon dries up and stops doing its job of preventing the spread of aroma in the room, and the ventilation of the sewer riser is not equipped in the system, the smell will spread very quickly throughout the house.

Fan pipe installation rules

Device details

The arrangement of ventilation in the sewer requires compliance with certain rules and recommendations.

Parts for ventilation must be selected taking into account the same material from which the sewer pipes are made. This circumstance makes it possible to perform trouble-free sealing of joints. Plastic is best suited, since due to their low weight, such pipes are easier to install in a vertical position.
The parameter of the inner circumference of the ventilation outlet must be no less than the same parameters of the widest riser.
During installation, carefully connect the riser and fan outlets into a single system. When the distance between adjacent risers is too large, then several fan parts will have to be mounted. think it all over possible nuances the question of how to make sewer ventilation in a private house should also be on the construction drawings. This practice can significantly reduce the likelihood of unpleasant situations during the arrangement.
For the installation of ventilation, it is worth considering the presence of special hatches and channels.
When installation work are carried out already in the erected building, the laying of the elements of the system must be carried out through the walls. In no case should the integrity of the floors be violated, as these actions will reduce the stability of the house.
During the development of the ventilation scheme, it is necessary to observe the prescribed horizontal window openings and balconies to the outer section of the pipeline. This value is at least four meters. If you ignore the requirement, there is a high probability that a smelly aroma will enter the rooms.

Roof Mounting Rules

There is an option when the exhaust pipe goes to the roof of the house. In this case, the output height can be from 20 to 300 centimeters. This value depends on the roof structure. When the roof is flat, the part can be pulled out only 30 centimeters. For a pitched design, the given value will be at least 50 centimeters. If an attic space is located and used under the roof, then the value will be maximum and will be three meters. It is much easier when sewer ventilation in a private house without access to the roof.
If the fan part goes to the roof from the living room or chimney, its height cannot be less than other conclusions.
Also, you should not mount a deflector on the pipe, because it will not increase the efficiency of the system and will cause ice build-up on the parts due to condensate freezing in winter.

When to use a vacuum valve

The second option for arranging ventilation lies in the installation of vacuum valves. However, this method is recommended only when it is impossible to install fan pipes due to technical inconsistencies, or their installation is financially unprofitable.

The principle of operation of the device is to connect the leaf and the spring, which has a low resistance value. When the device is closed, the hermetic seal completely seals off the ingress of air masses. When a vacuum appears in the sewer (in case of draining water), the valve automatically opens and air from the room enters the system, adjusting the correct proportions. As soon as balance is restored, the leaf closes again and creates an airtight seal.

It is impossible for unpleasant odors to enter the room through a hermetic vacuum valve. An obstacle in the way of sewer odors with an open valve is the air flow, which moves in the opposite direction.

During the arrangement of ventilation with the installation of a vacuum valve, it is important to understand and be guided by some aspects of the functioning of this device:

If the water seal dries out installed valve unable to prevent the smell from spreading throughout the rooms in the house.
The main place for installing valves is considered to be a riser. If installation is difficult at the indicated section, then they can be placed on any horizontal section of the pipeline.

When choosing a method of ventilation equipment, it should be understood that the installation of a water seal in any case will make the efficiency of the system much higher.

Atypical ways of arranging ventilation

Application custom solution, fully complying with the requirements of sanitary and safety standards, can be a way out in a situation where a sewer hood is already installed at the stage of a fully rebuilt building. In this case, the use of a standard ventilation scheme can cause difficulties.

Installation on the outer wall of the house

Conclusion of the ventilation system pipe outer walls buildings will not be able to spoil the exterior of the house, since visually it is similar to an element of a standard drain. The main difference will be hidden in the height of the upper part of the pipe, which, no matter how hard the owner tries, goes beyond the level of the roof of the house. To equip this option for fan ventilation of the sewage system, the most common diameter of products, equal to 110 millimeters, is used. When the owner of the house selects a place for installation, he must remember the requirements for the allowable value of the distance between window openings and fan conclusion. This parameter is four meters.

Fence installation

When installing fan pipes on the fence and fixing them with fasteners, the same techniques are used that are typical for installation on the outer walls of the house. The difference lies only in the greater distance of the output from the building itself. This installation method implies installation at a remote distance from the neighboring area, since the removal of ventilation from the sewage system is unlikely to please the neighbors with an unpleasant odor.

Ventilation to the septic tank

The ventilation system from the drain, which is led directly to the septic tank, is considered an ideal arrangement in 50% of cases. For the installation of storage and treatment facilities, a number of rules apply, according to which such facilities must be equipped at a distance of five to twenty meters from the house. This feature gives a guarantee to exclude the possibility of penetration into the living quarters of an unpleasant odor from the sewer. In addition, this method of output is easy to arrange, both at the stage of building a house, and in the case of redevelopment or improvement of living conditions.

Do you need sewer ventilation in a private house? Of course, the answer is yes. However, before implementing a suitable scheme, you should carefully consider all the nuances and operating conditions of an already equipped sewer system.

Video review:

Everything useful about sewerage -

Waste from toilet bowls, washbasins, bathtubs, as well as from household appliances(for example, washing machine or dishwashers) accumulate in the riser. Such a chemical-organic composition in the process of fermentation releases organic gas. As a result, the system is often filled with unpleasant odors, especially during a hot period. To prevent this from happening, specialists developed and provided for sewer ventilation in a private house.

Such a system is essential. Moreover, it can be installed both in a centralized sewerage system and with an autonomous, isolated and non-isolated wastewater system. It will provide:

Supply of fresh air.
System pressure balancing.
Noiseless drain.

If you plan to build a house with your own hands, it is important to include a sewer hood in the project. But as practice shows, this event is done only when the smell from the sewer enters the house.

Still, better late than never. If you don't have ventilation for whatever reason, installing it into a functioning wastewater system is a no-brainer.

In order for the sewer system to work reliably and without failures, it is important to correctly connect the pipeline to the riser. This should be done by shortcut with a slope towards the riser. The pipeline section from the toilet to the riser should not include other plumbing devices. Due to this, it is possible to prevent the overlap of the pipe section with drains from the toilet bowl, respectively, there will be no rarefaction during their movement. Otherwise, a vacuum will be created in the siphon, due to which water will leave it.

If you use pipes with the correct diameter and connect everything correctly, this is not a guarantee that the system will work as it should. To ensure a good passage of drains, it is necessary to install a fan pipe.

Before starting work, you should familiarize yourself with some rules so that the riser ventilation functions properly. Here is some of them:

the ventilation pipe is brought to the roof and, depending on the type of roof, rises by 0.5–2 m;
it is installed 4 m from windows or a balcony, if timely natural elimination of odor is required;
the diameter of the pipe must be chosen the same as that of the sewer pipes;
in no case should sewer ventilation be connected to the general ventilation system of the house;
it is better not to install a deflector on the top of the fan pipe, since in winter period, under the influence of temperatures, it will freeze, preventing the passage of fresh air.

Features and principle of operation of the fan pipe

Plastic is the most common material used to mount ventilation. Plastic pipes have a number of advantages:

they are light;
they are easy to install;
there are additional elements in the pipes.

How does a pipe work? Due to the wastewater that is discharged into the pipeline, a vacuum is created. Partly it is compensated by water. But if the height of the riser is large, and the drain is powerful, the vacuum in the pipe breaks the water seals, which leads to the drainage of the siphon. In this case, the unpleasant smell freely penetrates the house.

When a fan pipe is installed, the vacuum that is created in the pipeline does not suck out the water that is in the siphons. This is made possible by the air that enters the system, prevents the occurrence of vacuum. So, water seals do not break, but perform their function - they protect the house from an unpleasant smell.

Vacuum valves

Sometimes, instead of a fan pipe, vacuum valves are installed. They are also able to provide ventilation of the riser. How does he work? Air enters the sewer when the valve itself opens slightly under the influence of vacuum. Then the atmospheric pressure equalizes with the created pressure in the sewerage and water does not flow out of the hydraulic seals. When the pressure is equalized, the valve will close, preventing the penetration of an unpleasant odor.

The vacuum valve should be installed at the end of the riser.

The device is quite simple and useful, but it has one drawback: when the siphons dry up due to a lack of water in the water seals, the penetration of stench into the house cannot be avoided. Moreover, it is prone to freezing, fouling and can jam, which certainly does not give the valve an advantage over the ventilation system.

In addition to the classic ventilation system with a fan pipe inside the building, there are others. They will be useful to those who have housing already built, as the work is carried out outdoors. Consider three ventilation schemes.

Ventilation scheme along outer wall in appearance very similar to the classical system. The only difference is that the pipe is installed along the outer wall, but you do not need to pull it all the way to the roof.
Scheme of ventilation to the fence. In this case, the principle is the same as in the previous two types, the difference is that the pipe is taken out away from home. This method should suit not only you, but also your neighbors, so you need to make sure that the smell from the sewer system of your house does not interfere with them.
Ventilation scheme from a septic tank. Of these methods, it is often chosen for the ventilation of a private house. In accordance with the standards, the septic tank should be located at a distance of 2 to 20 m from the house. It turns out that the stench does not enter the dwelling and the smell is not felt in the yard.

If sewer ventilation has not yet been installed in your house, you can do it yourself without calling specialists. Following simple rules you can get rid of the bad smell.

Video

From the video provided, you will see how to mount a sewer pipe:

Sewerage apartment buildings- a truly complex and most thought-out system with internal and external highways, plumbing connection points and wastewater outlet.

All sewer elements are in clear interaction, forming effective system waste disposal. However, despite the well-coordinated work, the specific composition of the water leads to the concentration of methane in the pipeline.

Sewerage in apartment building is needed in order to prevent the exit of gas from the main limits. In order to avoid the formation of specific aromas that appear due to the peculiarities of the use of sewage, a ventilation device is necessary.

Scheme of the ventilation system of the sewerage system in a private house

Features of types of sewerage

Sewer ventilation consists of special details.

Air valve - its action is aimed at passing air into the riser and blocking any incoming gases from it inside the house. Private small houses rarely equipped with a septic tank, therefore sometimes they use aeration valves installed at the top of the riser. A similar option involves installing a ventilation pipe on a septic tank. Unfortunately, valves are not able to replace siphons, because they are aimed only at supplementing.
A fan pipe is a ventilation channel that connects to a sewer riser and leads to the roof. The pipe can not only rid the room of an unpleasant smell, but also equalize atmospheric pressure, remove harmful gases. Odors can only appear if the siphons dry out.
A water seal is a mandatory attribute that is built into the sewer system. Its presence provides a high-quality removal of unpleasant odors.

A water seal is a mandatory attribute that is built into the sewer system

Before answering the question of whether sewer ventilation is needed in a private house, it is necessary to understand what sewerage can be. There are two types, each of which has features:

non-isolated system;
insulated.

In the first case, the type of sewer system is only 110 millimeters, while the insulated one reaches 160 millimeters. The height of both options is the same - 500 millimeters. Regions with a harsh climate mainly use an insulated system, inside it there is a special non-freezing condensate.

Sewerage does not need a special deflector that increases the exhaust capacity, however, due to the outward warm air, there is a very small risk of condensation forming which will block the ventilation outlets. Ventilation of the sewer riser is a necessary measure for a comfortable stay and the prevention of negative aspects.

In the sewers of private houses, there are often accumulations of various harmful gases formed during the decomposition of organic matter. Every time you use the toilet, the sewage pressure changes. A water seal will not be able to save a person from the penetration of gases that affect human health. In private homes, this problem is solved by a home ventilation system.

About ventilation valves

To equip ventilation, you will need a sewer ventilation valve made by yourself. It is enough to adhere to the following steps for the valve to be operational:

you need to find the spring from the handle and pick up a self-tapping screw 45 millimeters long;
further, a small plastic washer is cut out, the diameter of which will be equal to 50 mm: a hole is drilled inside in the middle for the unhindered entry of a self-tapping screw;
after, you need to make another, but already a foam washer with the same hole, the size of which is 10 mm larger; washers are glued together;
a pair of holes are made in the end tee, the diameter of which is only 5 mm, and the distance from each other is about 25 mm: it is necessary to remove the burr, and then screw the self-tapping screw into the already made hole;
now you can unscrew and assemble the valve together.

To check the valve, you can blow through it from both sides in order to find that oxygen is passing freely. If there are no problems with the device, then tighten the screw.

The valves are ideal for ventilation in a house with several floors, and for a house with several apartments. When using sewer riser valves, you can not be afraid of the penetration of excess gases into the house and the release of water from water locks.

A private house needs to install a fan pipe with a higher height than the room. It is best that the distance from the fan pipe to the roof is 70-75 mm, however, the distance between the window and the pipe should be at least 4 meters. When choosing a diameter, you need to focus on the risers.

There are times when a private house has 2-3 risers at once - this can be solved by combining and building one exit. The advantage of a private house over an apartment building is the possibility of installing a 50-mm pipe with sewer risers twice as large in diameter.

However, such a sewer ventilation system in a private house is ideal for operation by residents of the southern regions, because such a diameter will suit only with intermittent use of plumbing.

If it is not possible to install a ventilation valve, then an air valve must be used. Air in the risers will appear only with internal vacuum, and the appearance of gases outside will not be possible. A valve of this type for risers is installed above all plumbing, so as not to "absorb" waste.

The installation of a ventilation system in the sewer must take into account some factors.

It is better to ventilate the domestic sewer system with risers. The size of their hood should not be less than half a meter from the roof; when using the roof, the hood must be made 3 meters higher.
The diameters of the riser and waste part must be equal to each other.
When using a fan riser, it is important to ensure that it does not in any way cross in the same shaft with a chimney or general ventilation.
The outlets do not need a deflector, so as not to develop condensate.
The location of the outlet riser should be four meters from any opening rooms.

Now everyone will be able to answer the question of why ventilation is needed. After all, it became clear that with its competent equipment, taking into account the scheme, it is possible to ensure maximum comfortable living without the penetration of unpleasant odors and gases.

How to equip sewer ventilation in a multi-storey building?

Installation of ventilation of multi-storey sewerage of residential buildings is of particular interest. In the case when each floor is equipped with sanitary facilities, with simultaneous draining, a strong increase in the absorption of liquid from the siphons can occur. Therefore, it is better to provide an external outlet for sewer pipes. Such a pipe must have a minimum length of 4 meters from the ground in order to:

not provoke the appearance air locks during the drain;
do not cover all the walls with unpleasant odors.

The ventilation system in the sewer must be equipped with plastic pipes, because they are quite light, have the necessary connecting elements and are easy to install. For the manufacture of ventilation device no need for specialist help. The pipe is brought to the roof through the ventilation duct provided during the design of the room.

The ventilation system in the sewer is equipped with plastic pipes

Speaking about the sewer ventilation scheme in a private house with two floors, then, mainly, sewage is dealt with even at the time of designing the room, however, in the absence of a pipe, it is built in through the wall and covered with a socket.

Despite the fact that the diameter of the ventilation pipes in ordinary houses is 50 millimeters, buildings with several floors need pipes more than twice. The hood for arranging sewage in a private house must first be insulated in order to very coldy frostbite did not occur.

The pipe is covered with a decorative rosette. If the fan is too expensive or not possible at all, then a sewer vacuum valve can solve the problem. For its device, you need to start installation work in the place where the end of the sewer riser is located.

By placing the valve at the very top, you will ensure that it is activated when under pressure and prevents any unpleasant odors from coming out of the riser. The valves are equipped with a low resistance spring and a rubber hermetic seal. As soon as the sewer is discharged from the contaminants passing through the riser, the valve instantly gives an “answer” - the device opens and allows oxygen to pass through.

When working with an exhaust hood, it should be provided that it can only be removed through the roof or ventilation shaft of the room to a certain height. From the edge of the mine they lead out to 0.1 meters and move them away from the windows (about 4 meters), and from flat roof- 0.2 meters.

Sewage ventilation in mines prevents air from escaping pipes into rooms, reduces the concentration of methane, stabilizes pressure in pipes during use, and effectively reduces noise.

Remember that when installing a vacuum valve, one cannot talk about replacing ventilation, because it does not interfere with the spread of aromas with a lack of water in the siphon, and is subject to periodic clogging.