Aspiration is a process in rooms with high dust levels. Such areas are equipped with special filtration equipment. In particular, they are used. The premises of a variety of enterprises are equipped with such equipment: from factories for the industrial production of bricks to grain processing plants. Let's look further at what types of dust collection units (UVP).

Classification characteristics

Dust collection (UVP) is equipment designed to filter air. The separation of impurities is carried out in special filters.

Depending on the mechanism of action, these elements are divided into:

Gravitational.
Wet.
Electrical.
Oily.
Inertial.
Porous.
Combined.
Acoustic.
Fabric, etc.

Main types of equipment

Depending on the degree of filtration, installations can be:

Rough cleaning. The efficiency of particle retention in such equipment is 40-70%. Such units include large-sized cyclones and sediment chambers.
Medium cleaning. They provide particle retention of 70-90%. This category includes louvered, rotary units, cyclones, etc.
Fine cleaning. In them, the particle retention rate can reach 90-99.9%. This group includes hose, electric, roll, cell, foam units, etc.

Depending on the areas of application, the devices are divided into 2 categories. The first includes units used for filtering ventilation and industrial emissions into the atmosphere, the second includes devices designed to clean flow streams, as well as air masses returned to the workshop during recirculation. Businesses can use different dust collection systems at the same time. The price of equipment ranges from 36 to 400 thousand rubles.

Technical and economic indicators

They determine how effective it is at a particular enterprise. Key technical and economic indicators include:

Dust capacity.
Hydraulic resistance.
Performance.
Dust collection efficiency (fractional and total).
Cost of filtration.
Maintenance costs.

Comparative characteristics

The simplest is considered to be one whose mechanism of action is based on gravity. As a rule, it involves coarse filtration. The particle capture efficiency is no more than 50%. In this case, elements larger than 50 microns are absorbed. Cyclone - more effective. In it, filtration is based on the use of centrifugal force. During the rotation process, particles of substances are thrown towards the walls of the unit, and then fall into a special bunker. Purified air, rotating, leaves the installation through a pipe. The filtration efficiency of cyclones today is 80-90%.

Currently, such units have the most different designs. If it is necessary to clean a large volume of air flow, several devices are combined into groups or used battery cyclones. They are presented in the form of a large number of small units installed in one housing and placed on one bunker. The most popular today, however, are wet dust collectors. Due to contact with the liquid medium, the particles are wetted and enlarged, and then removed from the apparatus in the form of sludge. Such units can have very different designs. For example, these could be rotary cyclones, disintegrators, and so on.

Foam units also belong to the class of wet installations. They supply water to a perforated grid. Filtered air also passes through it. A threshold (drain partition) is provided on the grille. It allows you to maintain a certain thickness of the foam layer. This is highly effective - up to 99%. The unit is capable of filtering particles larger than 15 microns. The industry produces PGP-LTI and PGS-LTI devices with a capacity of 3-50 thousand m/h.

Schemes

Foam includes:

Receiving box.
Frame.
Lattice.
Threshold.
Drain box.

Has the following design:

Inlet pipe.
Sleeve.
Suspension.
Shaking mechanism.
Outlet pipe.
Bunker.

The electrostatic precipitator consists of:

Inlet pipe.
Corona electrode.
Filter housings (collection electrode).
Outlet pipe.
Bunker.
Rectifier.

Mechanism of action

Sleeve mouth dust-collecting ventilation unit filters air through fabric. It is stitched in a special way and placed in a sealed casing of the device. The air being cleaned is sucked out of the filter by a fan and released into the atmosphere. The hoses are periodically cleaned using a shaking mechanism with backflow. Filters can be of pressure and suction type. For their manufacture, dense synthetic or natural fabric is used. The efficiency of the hoses is 95-99%. In practice, the most common filters are FTNS, FRM, FVK.

Electrical devices are widely used in the purification of industrial and ventilation emissions. The mechanism of their operation is based on the following: when gas is passed between two differently charged plates, ionization of the air occurs. Ions and dust particles collide, the latter receiving electrical charges. Under their influence, they begin to move to the electrodes of the opposite sign and settle there. The filtration efficiency in such devices is 99.9%. Electrical installations are considered economical to operate. They can filter streams at temperatures up to 450 degrees. However, electrical installations must not be used to capture explosive particles.

Specifics of aspiration

This process involves not just removing dust from the air, but also further purifying it. The system functions in such a way that it prevents the accumulation of particles and the creation of traffic jams. This ensures uninterrupted operation of personnel and equipment in the premises. Taking into account the huge volume of waste at industrial enterprises, we can conclude that aspiration is becoming even more in demand due to established health and safety standards when personnel work in hazardous conditions.

This method differs from other methods of indoor air purification in that the systems are located at a certain angle. This prevents the formation of stagnant zones and localizes areas of maximum pollution release. As a result, filtering is implemented. The concentration of harmful compounds does not exceed acceptable limits.

Chip suckers

They are used not only in the chemical and metallurgical industries, but also in woodworking, grinding and crushing shops. In such premises, installation of filtering equipment requires special knowledge, so professionals are invited to install it. The design of an aspiration system begins with an examination of the premises. Based on it, a preliminary calculation of the power and size of the equipment is made. IN furniture production There is a huge volume of fine waste. They must be removed from the workspace without fail. For this purpose, a chip suction system is used. The equipment is considered a type of aspiration apparatus.

The chip ejector can remove particles with a diameter of up to 5 microns. The cyclone equipment contains a special fan and filtered bags. A separate machine is connected to the chip ejector using a flexible duct system made of reinforced or corrugated pipe. The operating principle is quite simple. The fan sucks in polluted air, which is filtered. Dust particles are collected in a bag. From there they are sent to a special filter for final cleaning. When the bag is full, the bag is removed and cleaned or replaced with a new one. Chip ejectors are easy to connect and easy to transport.

Requirements

The devices must function uninterruptedly, reliably, with indicators corresponding to the design or obtained during commissioning activities and agreed with the developer. Gas purification installations must be equipped with auxiliary devices and equipment. When using such units, responsible persons maintain documentation. It reflects the main indicators by which the operating mode of the equipment is characterized. In particular, we are talking about deviations from the optimal operating scheme, identified malfunctions, failure of individual devices or the entire complex as a whole, etc. All units must be registered with the State Inspectorate for Gas Purification. At least once every six months, units must be inspected for evaluation. technical condition. This procedure is carried out by a commission appointed by the head of the enterprise.

General rules for the operation of gas purification and dust collection plants

It is not allowed to use technological equipment when the filtering devices are turned off. In each case of turning off the cleaning device while the machine is operating, the management of the organization is obliged to notify the State Inspectorate. In this case, it is necessary to obtain a release permit approved by the supervisory authorities.

When operating dust collection installations for filtering gas with a high content of explosive (flammable) elements, it is necessary to especially carefully ensure that the specified pressure indicators and the tightness of the structures are maintained, and that the devices and communications are properly purged to prevent ignition and explosion.

Types of dust collection systems

Depending on physical principle Industrial separators are classified into dry mechanical scrubbers, wet scrubbers, electric precipitators and bag filters. Figure 3 shows the classification of separators.

Table 3. Classification of separators

Dry mechanical separators

Dry mechanical separators are one of the most widely used dust collectors in industry. This type of device is characterized by its simple design and ease of maintenance and repair. However, when used alone, dry mechanical separators have low final efficiency. Therefore, the most common is a combination of a number of separator types or as multi-stage separators.

Dry mechanical separators are classified according to the type of aeromechanical forces involved. There are gravitational, inertial and centrifugal dust settling chambers.

In gravitational dust settling chambers, particle deposition occurs due to gravitational forces (Fig. 1). The advantages of this type of device are ease of manufacture and operation. But the efficiency values of such installations are small, and the space they occupy is significant. That's why this type Dust collectors are rarely used, except in cases in which they are pre-collectors for other separators, i.e. perform a pre-cleaning function.

Rice. 3. Dust settling chamber: a - the simplest chamber; b - chamber with partitions; c - multi-shelf chamber; 1 - body; 2 - bunkers; 3 - partition; 4 - shelf

The dust deposition rate of dry mechanical dust collectors is calculated as follows:

Where X h- particle sedimentation speed, m/s; d h - particle diameter, m; sch- particle density, kg/m3; sg- gas density, kg/m3; g- free fall acceleration, m/s 2 ; O h- particle drag coefficient.

The minimum size of dust particles that will be completely deposited by gravity is found using Stokes' law using the following relationship:

Where V G- volumetric gas flow, m 3 /m; m G - dynamic viscosity coefficient, Pa s; B, L- width and length of the chamber, m.

The next type of dry dust collectors are inertial dust collectors. In these types of devices, dust particles, under the influence of inertial force, will move in the same direction and, after a sharp turn, fall into the hopper. Unfortunately, the effectiveness of such devices is low. Chambers with smooth rotation have the least hydraulic resistance. With particle sizes of 25-30 microns, the degree of particle capture reaches 65-80%. Figure 2 shows various types dust collectors.

Rice. 4. Inertial dust collectors: a - with a partition; b - with a smooth rotation of the gas flow; c - with an expanding cone; g - with lateral gas supply

One of the most commonly used dust collectors is cyclone dust collectors. Cyclone dust collectors are less commonly used individually due to their low efficiency. Cases of single use of this type of filter are possible if the functionality or reliability of other types of separators is unsatisfactory. The following requirements are imposed on cyclone dust collectors: optimal separation efficiency under variable production parameters, taking into account low maintenance and repair requirements constantly existing installations, resistance to abrasive wear, high temperatures, accumulation of adhering dust, provision of preventive measures against the explosion of flammable dust, small space, etc.

Basic geometric characteristic of this type of apparatus is their diameter. With large diameters their throughput decreases. Therefore, cyclones of small diameters (150 - 630 mm) are usually used.

If it is necessary to purify a gas flow with high throughput, a series of parallel installed cyclones with a diameter of 475 - 2500 mm are used.

To determine the separation efficiency in cyclone separators, the total separation efficiency obtained on the basis of experimental data is calculated. This calculation gives the most exact result. To get more high efficiency, small-diameter separators are grouped into blocks consisting of 2 to 12 separate cyclones.

The main advantages of cyclone devices are: 1) the absence of moving parts in the device; 2) reliable operation at gas temperatures up to 500 °C; 3) the possibility of trapping abrasive materials while protecting the internal surfaces of cyclones with special coatings; 4) dry dust collection; 5) almost constant hydraulic resistance of the apparatus; 6) successful work at high pressures gases; 7) ease of manufacture; 8) maintaining high fractional cleaning efficiency with increasing dust content of gases. The disadvantages are: 1) high hydraulic resistance: 1250 - 1500 Pa; 2) poor capture of particles of size< 5 мкм ; 3) невозможность использования для очистки газов от липких загрязнений.

The main types of cyclones are shown in Fig. 3:

Rice. 5. The main types of cyclones (for gas supply): a - spiral; b - tangential; c - helical; g, d - axial (rosette)

The efficiency of collecting dust particles in a cyclone separator is directly proportional to the gas velocity to the power of S and inversely proportional to the diameter of the apparatus, also to the power of S.

In practice, cylindrical and conical cyclones are most often used. At the same time, cylindrical cyclones are highly productive, and conical cyclones are highly efficient. The diameter of cylindrical cyclones does not exceed 2000 mm, and the diameter of conical cyclones does not exceed 3000 mm.

The hydraulic resistance of single cyclones is determined by the formula:

Where X G- gas velocity in an arbitrary section of the apparatus, relative to which the value is calculated O ts, m/s; O ts- resistance coefficient, which is determined as follows:

Where K 1 - coefficient correspondingly equal to 16 for cyclones with tangential gas inlet and 7.5 for cyclones with rosette inlet; h 1 ,b- dimensions of the inlet pipe, m; D TR- exhaust pipe diameter, m.

The resistance coefficient for group cyclones is calculated using the following relationship:

Where O ts- coefficient of hydraulic resistance of a single cyclone; D TR- coefficient taking into account additional pressure losses associated with the arrangement of cyclones in a group (tabular value).

Another type of dry dust collectors is vortex dust collectors. Their main difference from the previous type is the presence of an auxiliary swirling gas flow. Fresh atmospheric air can be used as a secondary gas flow in vortex dust collectors. When using dusty gases as a secondary gas, the productivity of the device increases by 40 - 65% without a noticeable decrease in cleaning efficiency. The critical diameter of particles completely captured in the dust collector is determined by formula 15:

Where X G- gas velocity in the free section of the apparatus, m/s; H- height of the dust collection chamber, m; D up- apparatus diameter, m; D tr- diameter of the supply pipe, m; sch- rotation speed, m/s.

Advantages of vortex dust collectors compared to cyclone ones:

1) higher efficiency of collecting highly dispersed dust;
2) absence of abrasive wear of internal heating surfaces;
3) the possibility of gas purification at more high temperatures through the use of cold gas;
4) the ability to regulate the separation process by changing the amount of secondary gas. Disadvantages of this type of dust collectors:
1) the need to use an additional blowing device;
2) increasing the total volume of gases passing through the separator due to secondary air;
3) the device is very difficult to operate.

Below are the characteristic parameters of dry mechanical dust collectors.

Table 4. Characteristic parameters of dry mechanical dust collectors

Dust collection units are a class of equipment for workshops, industrial enterprises or home use. Depending on the power and modification, the installations are capable of solving various problems, but their main purpose is to clean the air from solid particles formed during processing various materials, as well as cleaning of small industrial waste (shavings, chips, sawdust, dust).

In design and principle of operation, the chip ejector resembles a conventional vacuum cleaner. Inside the device, microparticles of dust and dirt, metal and wood shavings are separated and deposited on the walls of the filter, and the purified air is returned to workroom. At the same time, special filters allow you to capture even the smallest particles of bulk materials (up to 2 microns), which cannot be achieved with a conventional vacuum cleaner.

Compared to traditional ventilation systems, the chip blower has a number of advantages.

The cost of equipment and its installation is much lower.
Saving thermal energy as air circulates indoors.
The same installation can be used in several places.
The installation is easy to connect and unpretentious in operation.
Filters air and helps maintain cleanliness in the workplace.

Areas of application

Devices of this type have ample opportunities Applications:

removal of bulk waste at enterprises, carpentry and plumbing shops, home workshops;
cleaning machines from dust, sawdust, shavings and other dust;
collecting bulk waste into containers;
air purification in enterprises and workshops.

They can be used in almost all enterprises, except those where there is a danger of spraying toxic substances. It is also prohibited to use the device while sanding wood, as explosive chips will be formed.

Types of equipment, main differences

The store catalog presents several types of equipment.

Dust collection units are standard. Equipment for industrial cleaning air from solid particles and dust that are not prone to sticking. Also suitable for collecting and disposing of industrial waste. Ventilation dust collection units UVP 1200/7000 are available. The digital designation corresponds to the performance of the device. For example, it can draw in 1,200 m3 of air per hour. The number of air duct hoses and storage tanks (from 1 to 4) depends on the power of the installation.

JET products are collected in a separate catalog and include the following.

Air filtration system (). Used in all production premises where particulate matter pollution occurs.
Exhaust unit (). This compact model is suitable for installation in a workshop or for field work. The unit is equipped with a 55-liter filter bag, which means you won’t have to change it too often.
Exhaust unit cyclone (). It works on the “cyclone” principle. Developed as an addition to woodworking machines. Cyclone dust collectors received this name due to the internal air cleaner “cyclone”. It uses gravity and centrifugal force to purify the air.
JET chip ejector (). Suitable for home use and carpentry workshops where there is no large accumulation of waste.
Hood for woodworking machines (). The unit is equipped with two bags for collecting waste and two filters, which allows it to be used in conjunction with powerful woodworking machines, including several at the same time.
Cyclones dust collectors (,). Powerful devices designed for industrial use. The design allows you to filter out the smallest solid particles up to 2 microns in size. Also, during filtration, the installation allows you to separate dust and chips. Hard case with increased level noise insulation ensures comfort while working indoors. Three phase motor It is quieter than many of its less powerful counterparts. The container for collecting large waste is quite spacious, and its replacement takes only a few seconds. Large shavings can be reused, which is very convenient, since fine dust is collected in a separate bag.

Dust collector model	Performance, m 3 / h	Installed power of electric motor, with frequency regulator, kW	Dust container volume, m 3	Quantity suctions up to, pcs.	Weight, kg
Dust collection unit PFC-1250	1250	1,1	0,3	1-2	83
Dust collection unit PFC-1500	1500	1,5	0,3	1-3	86
Dust collection unit PFC-2000	2000	2,2	0,3	1-4	91
Dust collection unit PFC-3000	3000	4	2x0.3	1-4	153
Dust collection unit PFC-4000	4000	5,5	2x0.3	1-4	163
Dust collection unit PFC-5000	5000	7,5	2x0.3	1-4	177
Dust collection unit PFC-8000	8000	11/15	2x0.9	1-4	366

Overall dimensions of dust collection units PFC

Model	N	N*	h	d	A	B	c
Dust collection unit PFC-1250	2430	2580	1305	140	1300	890	255
Dust collection unit PFC-1500	2450	2600	1305	160	1300	890	255
Dust collection unit PFC-2000	2500	2650	1310	180	1300	890	255
Dust collection unit PFC-3000	2460	2610	1260	225	1980	835	-
Dust collection unit PFC-4000	2520	2670	1260	250	1980	835	-
Dust collection unit PFC-5000	2580	2730	1260	280	1980	835	-
Dust collection unit PFC-8000	2970	3120	2190	355	2470	1060	-

Payment methods:

By bank transfer for legal entities with VAT.

Delivery in Moscow and the Moscow region:

Transport company Business lines or PEC, others by agreement.
Items “in stock” can be picked up from the warehouse on the day of receipt cash to our bank account.
Delivery is carried out within 1-2 business days from the moment your order is ready.

Delivery within Russia:

Transport company (TC) Business lines or PEC, others by agreement. Delivery to the TK terminal is FREE. (3 times a week).
Delivery costs TK depend on the region. Our managers will calculate all options and offer the most convenient and profitable delivery method for you.
Our vehicles are extremely short terms. Delivery costs are calculated based on the volume and weight of the cargo.

Guarantees

Our company sells exclusively new products, which are covered by a factory warranty from 12 months to 36 months.

PFC dust collection units are designed for fine air purification inside small and medium-sized industrial and agricultural premises. Can be used to clean the air from wood dust and suspended shavings in woodworking industry workshops. Most dusty working environment 15/5 g/m.cub. (in the ratio of large suspended fractions / dust).

The minimum air purity at the outlet of the PFC dust collector is 0.5 mg/m3.

Design features

Dust collection units PFC have a mobile design, are produced in the form of a monoblock, and are delivered to the customer assembled in the manufacturer’s packaging.

The main components of the PFC series dust collection unit include the following structural elements:

The housing is a load-bearing steel element of a welded structure on which the remaining components and parts of the equipment are located. The housing contains a cyclone element, which performs primary gravitational air purification from large suspended particles (the first stage of purification). In the cyclone, the air swirls, due to which the particles, under the influence of centrifugal force, are pressed against the walls of the cyclone and settle in the dust collector.

At the bottom of the case there is a dust collection bag, which is removed as it is filled to clean and dispose of collected dust and debris. In the upper part of the housing there is a cassette filter made of F9 class filter paper, where fine air purification occurs (the second stage of purification). Compared to a filter bag (as, for example, in PUA-M chip ejector dust collectors), a paper cassette filter provides finer cleaning and has a longer service life.

IN basic version Together with the cassette, the unit is equipped with a manual regeneration system for the internal surface, but at the customer’s request, it is possible to retrofit the PFC dust collector with an automatic regeneration system.

The purified air is released directly into the atmosphere of the room. The air is forced to move due to the operation of a low-noise dust fan installed on the case. An asynchronous electric motor is used as a drive. The fan inlet has round section and directed downwards (it is possible to connect an air hose or a short air duct).

Manufacturing options

The standard size range of PFC dust installations includes 7 standard models.

Installations for dust and chips PFC-1250, PFC-1500 and PFC-2000 are available in a single version. The remaining models of dust collection units PFC are made in a group design (two cassettes and two dust collectors).

The selection of the required model is carried out according to the rated performance, taking into account the actual operating conditions.

terms of Use

Dust collection units PFC are subject to operation indoors under U2 conditions in accordance with GOST 15150.

Ventilation dust collection units UVP (Individual chip ejectors UVP-IN series) designed to remove and clean air from shavings and sawdust and collect waste in storage bags. Chip ejectors are designed for use in small enterprises with a small amount of waste generated. The degree of air purification by the installations is 99.9%. The units are used to remove contaminated air from individual machines or groups of machines and have an air capacity of up to 7000 m 3 /hour. Due to the design features, the distance from the machine to the chip ejector, as a rule, should not exceed 2 m. The installation consists of a housing with a built-in dust fan; filters and waste storage devices are attached to the housing using easily removable clamps.

CHARACTERISTICS OF CHIP EXTRACTORS UVP:



Productivity, m3/hour
Air flow speed at the inlet, not less than m/sec.
Created vacuum, Pa
Degree of air purification, %
Number and diameter of air ducts, pcs./mm
Number and total volume of drives, pcs./m3
Overall dimensions of the installation, mm (length x width x height)	2450x1050x2500	Z090x1050x2540
Weight no more, kg
Electric motor power, kW

Execution options.

To clean the air from sawdust, shavings, chipboard sawdust, plastics, etc.
To clean the air from sawdust, dust generated as a result of processing milling machines MDF and similar materials with increased filtering area.
When using IN series installations to clean the air from shavings, sawdust, dust resulting from MDF processing, chipboard, fiberboard and other materials in which the proportion of light fine fraction in the waste composition is relatively high, it is recommended to use filters with an increased filtration area. An increase in area is necessary to reduce the gas and dust load on the filter material. This prevents dust particles from penetrating deeply into the material and increases the service life of the filter. The units are intended for indoor use.