Gutters for draining water on the ground are storm drains for sewerage. Types and installation of concrete drainage trays Dimensions of the gutter for water drainage

Properly arranged drainage of water from the roof of a house will ensure reliable and timely protection of the foundation, wall structures and roofing from negative impact precipitation.

A practical drainage system is made of durable and reliable materials, is easy to install and maintain, and gives the building façade an attractive and aesthetic appearance.

Features of the roof drainage system

The roof water drainage system is an important functional part of any building, which ensures its reliable operation and protection throughout its entire lifespan.

Such a system is intended for the following purposes:

protection finished building from exposure to moisture;
collecting any liquid - melt, rain;
decorative design of the facade.

Drainage systems for private households are divided into two types:

Internal. Intended for installation on flat roof. In this case, the roofing material is laid at a slope towards the funnel to collect and transfer water to the drain. The pipe is installed in interior walls buildings or in technical channels.
External. Used for pitched roofs (with one and two slopes). The main elements - drainage pipes, funnels and gutters - are mounted along the edge of the roof, and liquid is drained from the outside of the building.

Structural elements of the external drainage system

External drains are used in most private houses equipped with pitched roofs, so this particular version of the system will be considered in more detail.

The drainage system includes the following elements:

Gutters for collecting water from the roof surface when it rains or snow melts, as well as its further discharge through pipes into the drainage system. Drainage gutters differ in configuration, dimensions and material used for their manufacture.
Connectors for gutters. Considering the standard length of gutters is 250 cm, in order to organize a system of drains from the roof, it is necessary to correctly connect all structural elements. For these purposes, connectors equipped with rubber-based sealing gaskets are used. They provide reliable sealing of the joints between elements and compensate for the expansion of materials during heating or cooling.
Corner-type transition elements are used to organize the drainage system bypass along the internal corners of the building. Corner connectors help increase the hydrodynamic performance of the finished structure.
Fastening elements are metal brackets designed to securely fasten gutters to the roof structure. They are represented by special hooks of different lengths and configurations.
A funnel for redirecting water from the roof through gutters into pipes. An important structural element of any drainage system, it is mounted between the gutter and the drainpipe.
Protective caps that prevent water from overflowing over the edges of installed gutters.
Drainpipes are designed to drain liquid into a storage tank or drainage system. The pipes are installed to the funnel and fixed to the facade of the building.
Pipe and waste elbows are provided for draining wastewater to safe distance from the foundation base and blind area of the building. The pipe elbow allows you to adjust the rotation of the pipe, and the waste elbow ensures that water is discharged into sewer system.
Fasteners for fixing pipes. Such elements are used to securely fasten pipes to the facade of a building.
Mesh caps to protect the structure of the gutters from dirt and clogging with foreign objects.

Technical characteristics of gutters and pipes

Gutters and pipes - main structural elements drainage system installed on the roof. To organize water drainage from the roof, it is necessary to select the correct structural elements, taking into account their sizes, configurations and materials.

Gutter configuration

This parameter determines the geometry of the finished system, on which the effective one depends.

Gutters come in the following forms:

semicircular;
square;
rectangular;
trapezoidal;
semi-elliptical.

The most reliable and affordable are semicircular elements, which are widely in demand for private households, are easy to maintain, and can provide a large flow of water. The special design of semicircular gutters, reinforced with stiffening ribs, provides increased resistance to extreme loads and deformations.

Square and rectangular shape They are not suitable for all types of roofs, and they also require additional protection from deformation by additional installation of snow guards.

Drainpipes are selected taking into account the shape of the gutters: square pipes for box-shaped gutters, round pipes for semicircular and semi-elliptical gutters.

Diameters of pipes and gutters

An equally important parameter is the diameter of gutters and pipes, which is determined by the area of the roof - the larger the area, the larger the diameter.

Gutters come in diameters from 9 to 15 cm, pipes - from 7.5 to 12 cm. When choosing elements, it is recommended to follow the following recommendations:

For small roofs with a slope area in the range of 11–72 sq. m. gutters with a diameter of up to 10 cm, pipes - 7.5 cm are suitable.
For medium-sized roofs with a slope area from 110 to 205 sq. m. you should choose gutters with a diameter of 10–13 cm, pipes – from 9 to 11 cm.
For large roofs, the slope area of which is from 210 sq. m., gutters with a diameter of up to 15 cm and pipes with a diameter of up to 12 cm are provided.

Material of manufacture

The reliability and durability of the roof drainage system depends on the quality of the material used to make the gutters.

Gutter systems with basic elements can be made of plastic or metal. For metal structures products made of steel, copper, polymer and aluminum are used.

Steel. The products are characterized by low cost, light weight and ease of installation. To increase performance characteristics material, steel products are coated with special polymer components that can withstand temperature changes, exposure to ultraviolet radiation, mechanical damage and deformations. The connection of individual structural elements is carried out using fasteners equipped with seals, brackets and locks. The disadvantages of the material include fragility upon impact and susceptibility to rust in places where the surface is damaged.
Aluminum. The roof drain, equipped with aluminum elements, is practical, durable, easy to install and lightweight. This design has an attractive appearance, resistant to ultraviolet radiation and fading. The disadvantages of the material include high cost and susceptibility to electrochemical corrosion. To connect products, special rivets, an adhesive mixture or silicone for aluminum are used.
Copper. Products made from pure copper are the most durable and reliable. The connection of individual elements is carried out by hot soldering or folding. Copper elements are intended for installation on seam type roofs. During operation, copper undergoes oxidation, as a result of which it acquires a characteristic green tint. If a copper roof drain comes into contact with aluminum or steel components, it can cause galvanic corrosion. In this case, it is recommended to install copper drains on roofs made of the same material.
Polymer. The most popular and affordable option drains for private houses and cottages. To increase the resistance of products to ultraviolet radiation and temperature changes, the surface is coated with acrylic or titanium impregnation. The elements are connected using couplings with rubber seals, latches or glue mixture. Gutters from polymer materials resistant to corrosion, mechanical stress and damage.

How to install a roof drainage system yourself?

Installing a drainage system with your own hands requires technical training and compliance with safety rules when carrying out work at height.

Before starting work, it is recommended to take some measurements, namely, calculate the perimeter of the external walls and the number of fixing brackets. In addition, you should prepare simple diagram placement of brackets, gutters, funnels and pipes with drainage elbows.

To arrange a simple drainage of rainwater from gable roof, calculations of the required number of components are carried out in the following ratio - every 10 meters of the gutter are equipped with 1 funnel, to which 1 pipe is fixed. Next it is calculated required quantity funnels and pipes.

The number of fixing brackets is determined by the total length of the gutters and minimum distance on which they are installed. Calculating clamps for drainage pipes is simple - 3 clamps for each pipe.

Assembling and fixing the system structure is carried out in the following order:

The locations for fixing the brackets are marked. To provide them with the necessary slope, two points are marked - the start and end points - and connected to each other. Points for attaching the bracket are marked on the line. Next, the elements are fixed to the roof surface.
The gutter structure is assembled. All main elements are connected to each other into a single sealed structure, and funnels are installed.
The assembled gutter is mounted in the place provided for it with fixation on brackets.
After the gutters are securely fixed, the funnel is connected to the elbow to install the drainpipe. It is important to maintain a minimum technological gap of 3–4 cm between the pipe and external wall Houses. For vertical pipe installation, you can use a building level or plumb line. Clamps are installed in appropriate places and the pipe is fixed.
An elbow is attached to the bottom of the pipe to drain water.
All unused sections of the gutter are closed with protective plugs.
To route the system around the entire perimeter of the roof, corner-type gutters are installed at the corners.

Closed drainage of rainwater from the roof provides for effective drainage of liquid beyond the foundation and basement: into the storm sewer system, drainage or sewer well and a storage tank.

Rainwater flowing from the roof has enormous destructive power. Firstly, the walls and foundation of the house get wet, which leads to their rapid wear. Secondly, water falling from a height onto the blind area knocks out and washes away the hollows on it in a short time. Concrete blind area can collapse quite quickly, just like paving slabs. Thirdly, all the water flowing from the roof is absorbed into the ground right next to the house, which leads to flooding of basements and ground floors. We could list the consequences for a long time, but it is already clear that water drainage from the roof is necessary. To do this, it must be installed under the roof overhang drainage system, which collects water flowing from the roof and directs it to a designated place on the site. To do everything correctly, you should familiarize yourself with what elements of the drainage system are needed, what materials they can be made of, as well as the technology for their installation.

Roof water drainage system - elements

There are two types of drainage systems - external And internal.

External drainage system installed on roof overhangs if the roof is pitched (single-pitched, double-pitched, hip, etc.). This type of system is used in most country houses, so this is what we will consider in more detail.

It is installed on flat roofs, where roofing material has a special slope leading to a funnel - a receiver of rainwater, which then enters the drainpipe inside the building or in technical cavities.

Gutter. Serves to collect water flowing from the roof of the house. May have different shape and dimensions, made from various materials. The gutter then carries the water into a downspout, which directs the water to the roof water drain.

Typically, gutters of a drainage system are no longer than 2.5 m, therefore, to install a drain on a roof that is longer, it is necessary to connect the gutters to each other. Connectors are equipped rubber seals, which ensure the tightness of the connection and also serve to compensate for the thermal expansion of the gutter material.
Gutter angle. Various corner elements for outline internal corners Houses. Provides excellent hydrodynamics.
Brackets. Various types of elements that are necessary to secure gutters to the roof. This can be a long hook for hanging gutters, a short hook, or a compact hook. They all have different design and are used in different situations.
Funnel gutter. With its help, water from the gutters is collected into the drainpipe. Required element for installation of drainage, when correct installation no additional sealing is required.
Gutter plugs installed along the edges of the gutter to prevent water from flowing down.
Pipe. Water from the gutters drains into it. Further through the pipe, the water is drained to the designated place. It is installed under the funnel and securely attached to it.
Pipe elbow And drain elbow used to drain water away from the base and blind area of the building. The pipe elbow serves to change the direction of the drainpipe. The drain elbow is installed at the bottom so that the water flows directly into the storm drain.
Pipe mounting brackets. They are used to secure the drainpipe to the wall of the house so that gusts of wind cannot disturb its position.

In addition to the above elements, protective mesh cap for gutter so that no debris, such as leaves, gets into it. After all, a clogged drain begins to perform its functions poorly. Also, instead of a drainpipe, decorative drainage chains can be used, through which water flows into a container or flowerbed located immediately under the funnel. Such a chain can be a real decoration of the house if it is correctly combined with other exterior items and you select gutters that are organically combined with the chain.

Types of gutters and downpipes

Gutters and pipes are the main elements of the system that drains rainwater from the roof. You can buy on the market ready-made kits drainage systems consisting of various elements, after connection and installation of which you can be sure that the collection and drainage of rainwater is ensured. The main thing is to choose the right sizes. Typically, the diameter of the gutter varies from 90 mm to 150 mm, and the diameter of the downspout from 75 mm to 120 mm.

What diameter of gutter and drainpipe to choose depends on the size of the roof of the house. For roofs with a small slope from 10 to 70 m2, gutters with a diameter of 90 mm and pipes with a diameter of 75 mm are suitable. For roofs with a slope area greater than 100 m2, gutters with a diameter of 100, 120, 130 and 150 mm are used, and pipes - 90 mm, 100 and 120 mm.

In addition to the size, the elements of the drainage system differ in the material of manufacture and even in shape.

Gutter material

Gutter systems, including gutters, can be either metal, or plastic. Metal gutters include gutters made of galvanized steel, aluminum, copper, titanium-zinc and purala (galvanized steel coated on both sides with polymer).

Although they are more resistant to water than the tin gutters that were used previously, they nevertheless quickly fail under the influence of acid rain. Therefore, recently they are used less and less, and only because they are the cheapest. But products coated with polymers, for example, pural, are resistant to corrosion, fading of the material, as well as mechanical stress. Such gutters are available in a wide range color scheme, so you can select the product, in the best possible way compatible with the façade of the building. The connection of gutters made of galvanized steel coated with polymer is made using special connecting elements with sealing rubber bands, locks and brackets. And the brackets have a snap-on design. The disadvantage of such products is the fragility of the coating, which can be damaged during transportation or installation, and then rust will form at the site where the polymer coating is chipped.

They are varnished or painted in various colors, so they last a long time. Products are purchased ready-made and connected with rivets and aluminum glue; special paste or silicone can also be used for sealing. Besides finished products It is possible to make a roof drain from sheet aluminum directly on the construction site by cutting the sheet and bending it in a certain way.

They are considered the most durable. They are made from pure copper without additional coatings. They are connected to each other by folding or soldering. Most often they are mounted on standing seam copper roofs. Over time, copper oxidizes, acquiring a greenish tint, and later almost malachite. This is the so-called patina - copper oxide. It gives the entire roof a certain sophistication. Against the general background of such a roof, gutters and drains will not stand out at all, as if they were one with the roof.

When installing copper gutters, you must remember that they should not come into contact with other metals - aluminum or steel, and the roof of the house should not be made of these materials either, otherwise the water flowing from them will lead to corrosion of the copper.

Titanium-zinc gutter may have a natural silver color, or may be specially coated with a patina. By the way, titanium-zinc is a material that consists of 99.5% zinc, with the rest being additives of copper, aluminum and titanium. Titanium in this case gives a certain strength to the product, since zinc itself is very fragile. Titanium-zinc gutters are connected by soldering, during which special pastes are used. This type gutters is the most expensive existing on at the moment, so it is used extremely rarely. But it can last up to 150 years.

The most common. The plastic from which they are made is painted in its entirety, so the color of the product is uniform and even if the surface is damaged, it will not be noticeable, as if the material was painted only on the outside. To make PVC more resistant to ultraviolet rays and chemical aggression, the surface of the gutters is coated with acrylic or titanium dioxide. PVC gutters are connected to each other using couplings with rubber seals, latches and adhesive connections. The service life of a PVC drain can reach 50 years, and all due to the fact that PVC is not afraid of corrosion, can withstand temperature changes (-50 ° C - +70 ° C), as well as heavy snow and wind loads. In the process of snow melting from the roof, PVC gutters are not damaged due to the fact that they do not have a vulnerable coating. For example, if ice from the roof scratches the gutter, such a gutter will not last long.

Shape of gutters

In addition to the fact that gutters are made from different materials, they can also have different shapes. The sections of the gutters are as follows: semicircular, trapezoidal, semi-elliptical, square And rectangular, as well as imitating the shape of a cornice.

Semicircular gutters are the most common and fit any roof structure. Their edges turned inward and outward are stiffening ribs that increase the resistance of the gutters to mechanical loads. Semi-elliptical gutters are able to accommodate and move a larger volume of water, so they are used to drain water from the roof of a house with a large slope area. Square and rectangular gutters are selected for a specific design, so they are not used everywhere. In addition, such a structure can easily be damaged when snow falls from the roof, so it is mounted in a special way, and snow retainers are installed on the roof.

Whatever the shape of the gutter is chosen, the pipes to it must correspond: for semicircular and semi-elliptical gutters - round pipes, and for boxed ones (square, rectangular and trapezoidal) - square.

Brackets - hooks for attaching gutters differ in size and shape, as well as the location of the fastener. The shape depends on the place of fastening:

Brackets attached to the wind board, which is nailed along the roof slope. Such hooks are called front brackets, they are screwed to the wind board and have an adjustment mechanism.
Flat curved brackets are attached to the rafter leg, if the step between the rafters does not exceed the permissible distance between the brackets for the gutter, and can also be attached to the outer lath of the sheathing or to a solid plank flooring.
Flat curved brackets can be attached to the side of the rafters, but they must first be bent.
Universal brackets can be attached anywhere: to the wind board, to the last batten of the sheathing, to the rafters in the front part or to the side, as well as to a continuous boardwalk.

Typically, the brackets come complete with gutters and the entire gutter system, so they match the exact shape and color of the gutter. For example, for trapezoidal gutters, brackets of a special trapezoidal shape are used. The same applies to other types.

The material of the brackets depends on the material of the gutters. For copper products, copper or steel brackets are used. For titanium-zinc gutters, only titanium-zinc fasteners. But for gutters made of PVC or galvanized steel coated with polymer, metal brackets are used that are covered with a composite shell or painted to match the color of the drain.

The dimensions of the holders and brackets must correspond to the dimensions of the gutters. Although there are universal models that can be adjusted, so they are suitable for gutters and pipes of any diameter.

Installation of a rainwater drainage system from the roof

Installation of a drainage system on pitched roof- the task is easy enough that one person and a partner can do it. Although the installation technology itself has some important nuances and little things that determine the reliability of the entire system. If you doubt your abilities, it is better to entrust the installation to specialists. The fact is that most manufacturers of drainage systems provide a guarantee on the product. If system components are damaged during transportation or installation, the warranty will be void. If you turn to professionals for help, you will have a guarantee not only for the products, but also for the work performed.

If you decide to install a water drain from the roof yourself, then the instructions below will be useful to you.

First of all, you need to decide what material you need the gutter from, what shape and color. Then a calculation is made of how many of which elements are required. After purchasing everything you need, you can begin the work itself.

Securing the brackets

It is extremely important to correctly determine what is best to attach the brackets to specifically in your case. Remember, the distance from the gutter to the wall should not be less than 6 - 8 cm. Otherwise, the wall will get wet, if not from wastewater, then from condensation.

The next rule is that the gutter should be located with a slope of 5 - 20 mm per 1 linear meter, so that water does not accumulate in it, but flows by gravity into the funnel and pipe. Therefore, the brackets must be mounted not on the same horizontal line, but offset. Before you start installing the brackets, you need to check the required slope and mark it. Only then can installation begin.

How to collect water from a roof and correctly calculate the slope? We take the length of the slope, for example, 8 m. The slope should be 10 mm per 1 m. It turns out that the difference in height between the upper and lower brackets should be 80 mm. If the length of the slope is more than 12 m, then it is necessary to install two drain pipes and make the gutter with a slope in two directions. Starting from the middle of the slope, the left side of the gutter should slope to the left and down, and the right side should slope to the right and down.

The topmost bracket is attached first. It should be located on the opposite side of the drain pipe. It must be installed in such a way that water flowing from the roof gets into it, but it is not in the path of the falling avalanche snow, otherwise the system will not survive. The distance from the edge of the roof to the first upper bracket should be 10 - 15 cm. It is secured with self-tapping screws.

The second is the last lowest bracket.. It must be secured with self-tapping screws without tightening it completely. Then a construction thread is stretched between the brackets and places for attaching intermediate brackets are marked along it. The distance between the brackets should be 40 - 70 cm depending on the system, the most common step is 50 cm. All intermediate brackets are secured.

Important! When installing the brackets, it is important to remember that the gutters will be connected to each other, and the bracket should not fit under the connecting piece. Also, it should not be under the receiving funnel, but at a distance of 10 - 20 cm from it.

By the way, the receiving funnel is not installed in the corner of the slope, but 40 - 70 cm closer to the middle, at the level of the walls of the house.

Therefore, the last bottom bracket must be moved slightly higher than the position in which it was first attached so that the water can drain into the funnel.

Installation of gutters

Next, the gutter is assembled and installed on the brackets. Typically, gutters are available in lengths of 1 m, 2 m and 2.5 m. Therefore, the elements must be pre-connected. To do this, use elements with a rubber seal.

Plugs are installed along the edges of the gutter, and a receiving funnel/storm inlet is installed in the appropriate place. The axis of the funnel should coincide with the axis of the hole cut in the gutter.

The gutter should have a slope not only towards the receiving pipe, but also towards “away from the house”. This will ensure safety and reduce the possibility of damage to the gutter during a snow avalanche.

The drainpipes are installed last. The drain pipe must be located exactly under the funnel/rain inlet. The pipe is secured to the walls with special holders or clamps. Fastening the clamps depends on the material of the walls; these can be screws, nails, self-tapping screws or dowels.

Pipe holders must be placed at the pipe joints - under each socket. The maximum distance between the holders is 1.8 - 2 m. The last element of the pipe - the drain elbow - must be positioned so as to drain water to the designated place.

Where to drain water from the roof

Well, the drainage system is installed on the roof, all that remains is to decide where all the collected water will be discharged. And there are several options:

. A barrel or tank for rainwater can be placed at a distance from the house (about 0.5 - 5 m) from above, or it can be buried in the ground. The water flowing from the roof will accumulate in a container, and then it can be used to water the garden or garden.

If rainwater is not needed and you are not going to water anything, then it can be drained into a collection filtration well. A pit is dug in the ground, at the bottom of which a layer of crushed stone is poured. Then settle down from above concrete well, which is also filled up to half with crushed stone mixed with sand, and on top with sand. This bedding serves as an absorbent element. Seeping through sand and gravel, the water is purified. Such a well must be located at least 2 m away from the house, otherwise the level may rise groundwater around the house.

. If private house connected to the central sewer, then rainwater can be drained into it, but only by agreement and for a fee.

Draining rainwater into a drainage ditch or pond. Rainwater is clean enough not to harm the ecosystem if poured into a drainage ditch or reservoir (lake, river, artificial pit). The main thing is to calculate that the water level is drainage ditch did not rise too high in case of heavy rains.

Drainage of water from the roof of the house is mandatory so that it does not undermine the foundation and destroy it. Therefore, if possible, it is necessary to equip a full-fledged drainage system. If this is not possible, for example, this happens if the roof is sloping and made of natural materials- reeds or straw, then its overhangs should protrude beyond the house by at least 50 cm. At the bottom, it is desirable that the water flows directly onto the ground.

There are a number of differences between these drainage systems, the main one of which is the diameter of the gutter. Their throughput depends on this parameter. If you do not want to build large structures, you can use products of small diameter, but in this case you need to provide for vertical drains for every 8 meters of the structure.

Also, roof drainage systems differ in shape and can be:

Round gutters- this option is the most compact and will look beautiful on all buildings.
Rectangular gutters- This budget option with its own assembly nuances. Systems of this form are best suited for modern cottages designed in the high-tech style.

In addition, drainage systems are classified according to the material of manufacture:

Steel. Such parts are made from a durable alloy, which is subsequently coated with a polymer layer. This product is not afraid of low and high temperatures, has a long service life. The main disadvantage is that in heavy rain the gutter will make noise.
Plastic. The polymer construction is not afraid of bad weather, chemicals and ultraviolet radiation. The product is lightweight and makes almost no noise when it rains. Even a beginner can install such a system. The main disadvantage of plastic drainage is its low frost resistance.
Copper. Such a drain will cost more than analogues made of plastic and steel. A copper roof drain can be combined with a roof made of corrugated sheets or tiles of the same shade. After installation, during the first few years, copper should be covered with a patina - a protective anti-corrosion film. Among the disadvantages of such a drainage system, the following should be highlighted: complex installation and high requirements for cleanliness (sand and various debris will have to be periodically removed from the gutters).
Zinc. Zinc and titanium gutters are perfect for any style and will highlight the skylights. The product is covered with patina to protect the alloy from corrosion. It is important to know that this alloy cannot be combined with copper or iron, as such a combination will lead to the destruction of the system. A zinc drain can be installed if the temperature is above +7 degrees. Disadvantages: the product is easily deformed and has low frost resistance.

Roof drainage system: design composition

The entire drainage system consists of individual elements:

Chutes for collecting and discharging liquid;
Drain pipes;
Funnels (water inlets);
Stubs;
Clamps that fix and hold pipes on the wall;
Adapters and couplings;
Fastening elements.

Installation of drainage systems

As a rule, all elements of the system are attached during the installation of the roof. For all types of drains there are general rules devices:

The gutter holders should be mounted on different levels at a slope of 3 mm each linear meter. Otherwise, the water will not be able to drain into the funnel;
During installation, you need to leave a small distance between the wall and the pipes. If you don't leave a gap, then finishing material will not be able to dry out, which will lead to the formation of mold;
Roof soffits cannot be closed, otherwise ventilation will be impaired;
the distance between fastening vertical risers with clamps should be no more than 2 meters. If there are winds in your region strong winds, then the distance is reduced to 1 meter;
the distance from the ground to the bottom edge of the drain pipe must be at least 20 cm;
plastic horizontal gutters are attached in increments of 25 cm, metal - 65-70 cm.

Buy a drainage system (gutter) for the roof in Moscow, St. Petersburg and Tula, you can do it in our company. Storm gutters, channels, gutters for draining water from the roof have the best price, because... We work directly with manufacturers without intermediaries. You can buy gutters in construction stores, for example in Leroy Merlin, but you need to remember that their price can be significantly higher than in the FS-Group company.

Without drainage system, any type construction work is considered unfinished. Drainage trays are the main structure necessary to control the implementation of high-quality water drainage from the site.

A system consisting of gutters and outlets directs waste water into the sewer. A concrete gutter installed in a residential building ensures water flow during precipitation and snow melting, thus improving the quality of the soil.

As a rule, drainage structures are installed during the construction of a particular facility. Trays protect the base of a building, basement or basement from soil destruction, thereby extending the service life of the object.

In private construction, concrete drainage trays are used to construct residential buildings, sidewalks, garden and lawn paths, garages, sports grounds, car parking.

Advantages and disadvantages

Concrete gutters have the following positive properties:

Low price.
Sustainability to exposure to chemicals.
Corrosion resistance.
High degree strength.
Waterproof.
Sustainability to temperature fluctuations.
Integrity of the structure.
Versatility of use.
Smooth surface promotes efficient waste disposal.
Product is environmentally friendly.
No replacement at a lower cost.
System design in private construction does not require significant installation and excavation work.
Long service life(over 50 years).

The disadvantages of the design include:

Large mass makes installation of gutters difficult.
High cost transporting trays.

Types of trays used

There are several types of concrete trays for water drainage:

Concrete

These gutters are considered the most durable in this category., they are able to withstand external load in the range of 60-90 tons. Made by adding cement. They are used to drain stormwater after precipitation into sewers.

Polymer concrete

They combine the qualities of concrete and plastic water drains. Made from quartz sand and granite chips with the addition of special polyester and epoxy resins. In this case, cement is replaced with polymer compounds, as a result of which the structure is resistant to various chemical elements.

The plastic included in the material makes the structure many times lighter compared to concrete. For private construction, gutters with and without gratings are used; their weight is an order of magnitude less than reinforced concrete trays.

Polymer sand

Gutters of this type are the most modern technological solution among drainage trays, have special plasticity and a very long service life. The gutters are made from polymer chips with the addition of special fine sand. They are not inferior in strength to concrete products, but are lightweight, making them easy to install.

Dimensions and volumes

Information on product dimensions can be found on the label. The first letters with a number indicate the dimensions, the subsequent number indicates the vertical load. The last indicators indicate the length of the tray.

The standard length of all gutters is 1 meter, however, it may be slightly larger depending on the width and weight of the product. The width of the trays can vary from 14 cm to 4 meters, the height - from 6 cm to 170 cm.

The volume of products can vary significantly, however, the most used of them are:

L 1-7 volume 0.07 m3;
L 2-7 volume 0.07 m3;
L 3-8 volume 0.14 m3;
L 300 volume 0.3 m3;

Self-installation

System design storm drainage requires compliance with certain rules. Initially, it is necessary to develop a project and make all measurements. The selection of products must be made taking into account the properties of the soil and the design load. It is also important to determine the maximum capacity and depth of location.

Preparing the trench

At this stage of work, it is necessary to take into account not only the size of the gutters, but also the possibility of installing a concrete layer at the bottom of the trench and side concrete supports.

The installation of channels should be done with a slope, in this way self-drainage of water is ensured. The length of the trench should be the entire length of the installation, and the width of the channels should exceed the width of the tray by 20 cm.

The depth should be more sizes gutters, taking into account the concrete layer, so that upon completion of installation of the drainage system, the gratings for storm channels are located 0.5 cm below the level of the surface into which installation is being carried out. To make work easier, you can use cords to mark the location of the trenches.

Upon completion of digging the canals, their bottom is covered with sand, which is compacted. A 10 cm layer of concrete mortar is poured on top of the sand, on top of which trays are laid.

In heaving soils, it is advisable to strengthen the structure with steel rods or wire.

Laying trays

The process of laying gutters consists of several stages:

For relief installation work , gutters should be located along the entire channel.
Laying products It is best to start from the highest point of the trench.
Gutters should be installed on a concrete pad that has not yet hardened. This cushion prevents the trays from moving when exposed to loads.
When laying bends, it is necessary to monitor the level of inclination.
After installing the first 2 trays, the place of their connection is sealed with a rope made of soft polymer.
After sealing the harness m, the seam is filled with concrete mixture.
Water intakes installed in the center of the trench, and to facilitate the removal of concrete residues, after installation is completed, covered with plastic film.
Between the sides of the trench and concrete mortar is poured into the trays.
Corner connections treated with sealant.
If on top of the drainage Asphalt will be laid and the trenches will be covered with fiberboards.

Upon completion of the installation of the trays, the side spaces are filled with sand mixed with gravel. This mixture is compacted well.

If it is not possible to fill it with sand and gravel, the space is filled concrete mortar. After the solution has hardened, the upper parts of the rainwater inlet are covered with metal gratings.

If necessary, to create corner connections, the gratings are cut using a saw and a diamond-coated disk.

Price

The price of products depends on technical properties material, ultimate capacity, dimensions and purpose.

So, depending on weight, prices may vary:

up to 10 kg – on average 210 rubles;
up to 25 kg – 350 rubles;

Considering the height of the product:

from 6 to 12.5 cm – price 190-230 rubles;
8-10 cm – 430-450 rubles;
13-16 cm – 450-470 rubles;
over 18 cm – 490 rubles;

The cost will vary depending on the type of product and supplier.

More often, installation of drainage gutters is carried out around the perimeter of a residential building, plot and near the garage. However, it is not necessary to fulfill this condition; it is important that the storm drainage system is installed where it is most needed.
Storm drainage system Can be installed with or without sand trays. If the installation involves the use of one, then connection to sewer drain will be carried out through the installation of a sand collector. Before installing it, you need to knock out the plug. If a sand collector is not used, a hole for the drain is cut directly in the tray. The hole is drilled along the contour from 2 sides, after which it is knocked out with a hammer from the inside.
For device from reinforced concrete trays of corner joints, use a saw. To create a 100-degree angle, cut 50-degree corners on each connected gutter. The cutting is carried out by capturing the walls of the product. The joints are sealed using acrylic or bitumen sealant.
If constant high loads are planned for drainage, the concrete layer under the gutters should not be less than 10 cm.
To prevent clogging of the drainage system, it is recommended to clean it every two weeks.
When choosing a product, it is recommended to pay attention to the brand of concrete from which the trays are made. The best concrete grades are B15, B20 and B25. No less important is the grade of steel that is used to strengthen the structure. Classes A-1, A-3, BP-1 are best suited for this. The cross-section of steel rods should not be less than 8 mm.

After winter period when the snow begins to melt, and also in rainy weather, any private house needs storm drainage. Precipitation from the roof usually ends up in special storm gutters attached to the roof. Moisture collects there, which then goes down into the gutters.

If the house does not have such a unified system for draining water flows, then this will soon lead to the destruction of the building’s facade, its foundation and base, and damage to the thermal insulation. Water will accumulate in the basement and under the foundation, and around the building itself moisture will collect and puddles will form. To prevent this from happening, it is necessary to create a drain; it will solve all the problems of water drainage.

Types of storm drains

On the roof of the house there are all the main gutters, pipes and funnels through which water flows from the roof. Storm drains come in three main types.

Now in more detail about each of them separately.

The open type system is almost always used in country houses. Storm gutters are usually located slightly below ground level, all water flows flow there and are then diverted to a single place for disposal or purification. Such a system can be built using different materials.

Natural materials - stones, wood - will not entail material costs. The only thing that will have to be spent is time, since it will not be easy to securely secure the walls of such channels.

You will have to buy special gutters for water drainage; the cost will depend on the material chosen. The most inexpensive option is plastic, and the most expensive is metal.

In order for the drainage system to have a more attractive aesthetic appearance, it must be covered with a grate, and gutters will function under it.

Closed-type channels are more often used in urban houses. Here the water that collects after the rains flows in closed pipes that are hidden in the ground. Such a device requires large material costs, since in addition to the material, it is necessary to have a design for which water will flow into a single system as accurately as possible.

The principle of operation of the storm drain

On the roof of the house there are all the main gutters, where natural precipitation from the roof flows, as well as funnels and pipes; the entire system is responsible for collecting water on the roof surface. Besides this, Rainwater inlets must be installed on the roof and catchment wells, as well as pipes laid in the ground that will carry the water to the collector. Filters, plugs, siphons are also used, they should help better work the entire system as a whole.

The water flowing from the roof enters the gutter, then into the funnels and drainage pipe system, then the water flow enters the rainwater inlet and pipes underground, and from there into the collector. The entire system must be executed correctly and have the required angle of inclination so that water can easily reach the final point of the catchment area. If the roof is not flat, this simplifies the water collection and drainage system.

On flat roof making a system is not easy; here you need to make a slope in the roof structure so that water can get to the receiving funnels. Drainpipes with such roofs are located inside the building at a short distance from its walls. Water enters the external storm sewer system, bypassing the common house.

Materials for storm gutters

The drainage system can be made from several types of materials - PVC, metal, concrete. If you choose gutters made of plastic, they are not as strong as metal ones, but they are not subject to corrosion. The overall design is lightweight and easy to install. Dirt does not settle on plastic gutters, and this does not interfere with the free flow of water. Plastic gutters do not make noise, but are afraid of frost.

Concrete gutters can be called the most reliable and durable; they are not subject to corrosion. They are good to install for drainage around the perimeter of the blind area of the house; they can provide high-quality drainage and keep the foundation of the building intact. Excellent quality characteristics, low prices make concrete gutters for drainage very beneficial, which is why they are in great demand.

Metal gutters are made of steel, copper, aluminum, they can also have single-sided or double-sided polymer coating, which will further serve as protection against corrosion. An inexpensive option is galvanized steel, which can be additionally painted.

There are products made of hot galvanized steel, which is coated polymer coating or primer. Due to this, the facade of the house always looks attractive; the coating also helps to extend the service life of the gutters.

Price of drainage system elements

Linear drainage is a system of in-depth trays - drainage channels and gutters. The system is connected to a storm drain, which can be made of various materials. The price of the product will depend on the material from which it is made elements for drainage of melt and rain water. Below are approximate prices for standard metal products for installing a drainage system.

Conclusion

A stormwater system that is properly selected and organized will help avoid flooding of low areas. personal plot, give the entire area a more aesthetic appearance. Storm sewer will help preserve the building and prevent its destruction.