Impregnation for UV protection. How to protect the walls of a wooden house from fading. Preservatives for old painted wood

Wood, due to its natural purity, availability, numerous advantages in terms of ease of processing and good operational qualities, from time immemorial it is one of the main materials in the field of construction. However, it also has its drawbacks, which can lead to a decrease in the durability of individual parts and the entire building as a whole. The main “disadvantage” can be considered the low resistance of most wood species to biological damage. Wood undergoes natural decomposition and is a good nutrient medium for various forms of microflora and for many insects. To avoid rapid damage to the material, maximize durability wooden parts and structures, lumber must be treated in advance with special means, and then, if necessary, the finished structure must be treated.

Manufacturers offer a wide range of solutions for this purpose, made on various bases - it’s not so easy to figure it out “at a glance”. That’s why consumers often have a question: which wood preservative is best to choose? To determine what protective compounds exist and which of them are used in a particular case, it makes sense to consider them in more detail.

Antiseptics can be divided into types according to several criteria - these are the components on the basis of which they are made, the area of ​​application of the compositions, and their functionality.

  • So, antiseptic impregnations are basically divided into aqueous, oily, organic and combined solutions.

A few words should be said about their characteristics:

- Antiseptics for water based used for protective impregnation of wood of any species. For their production, components such as sodium fluoride, sodium silicofluoride, as well as borax and boric acid(BBK3). Water-soluble compounds are most often used to impregnate wooden surfaces, which in the future will not be exposed to intense moisture.

- Oil antiseptics can be called the most popular, as they are able to protect wood from high humidity and penetration of moisture into the fiber structure of the material. When applying an oil-based solution to wooden elements buildings, they acquire one of the rich dark shades.

This type of impregnation does not dissolve in water, since it is based on shale, anthracene or coal oil. It must be remembered that oil antiseptics do not protect wood from rapid combustion, that is, they are not fire retardants. They have a very pungent specific odor, so they are most often used to impregnate the external surfaces of buildings.

- Organic solutions Most often used for impregnation of facade surfaces. As a rule, they are used in cases where wooden walls are planned to be painted, since they create a thin film on the surface, which reduces moisture absorption wood and increases the adhesion of paints and varnishes.

Prices for Pinotex antiseptics

Antiseptic for wood Pinotex

However, it must be said that they are also suitable for treating interior wooden surfaces, so they can be used for pre-treatment timber or logs from which the walls will be built.

Organic solutions give wood a greenish tint and increase the porosity of the structure. In addition, they can negatively affect metal elements, which are fixed on the facade and will come into contact with its surfaces, so the chemical composition can contribute to the activation of corrosion processes.

  • According to the area of ​​application, antiseptics can be divided into solutions intended for external and internal works, for dry and wet rooms.

- Solutions for external work. This category includes antiseptics for preparatory and decorative works, characterized by high resistance to aggressive environmental influences, such as ultraviolet radiation, high humidity, freezing, sudden temperature changes with a significantly large amplitude. Due to the fact that the compositions very often have a sharp bad smell, they are not recommended for use on internal surfaces.

- Antiseptics for interior work . These solutions are made from environmentally friendly components; they do not have unpleasant odors and do not emit toxic fumes into the environment. At the same time, it must be remembered that for rooms in a house or apartment with different levels of humidity, different antiseptics will be required. Manufacturers always place information about their specific purpose on the packaging.

  • In addition, antiseptics are divided into therapeutic and prophylactic solutions:

- Medicinal compositions are used in cases where the wood is already damaged by fungus, mold, rot or insects. However, this solution option can also be used for preventive work. Especially in cases where it is planned to operate wooden structures in an aggressive environment, for example, in bathhouses or bathrooms (showers). They are also quite suitable for preventive treatment of facade surfaces.

- Prophylactic solutions- the most common. It is clear that they are used, as a rule, for processing lumber before the start of construction or during its implementation. Moreover It is recommended to impregnate wood immediately after purchasing it.

Antiseptics can be colorless, that is without changing the natural wood shade, or pigmented, giving surfaces a certain shade. That is, many compositions can be used both as a primer preparatory layer for painting or other finishing, and as an independent tinted decorative coating.

Classification of wood protective compounds by functionality

Antiseptics are also classified according to their functional effects on wood. There can be many reasons for “launching” the processes of biological damage to wood - this is the lack of proper ventilation, timely treatment with appropriate compounds, proper storage lumber before construction, poor-quality insulation of the structure, exposure to moisture on the surface, etc. In addition, many compositions also have a targeted effect - for example, restoring the normal color of wood or giving the material higher resistance to fire.

Whitening antiseptics

To provide protection and at the same time restore the original color of damaged or damaged wood, to “rejuvenate” it, special bleaching antiseptic solutions are used. The most popular of them include the following.

  • “Bioshield 1” and “Bioshield 2” - these impregnations are designed to prevent superficial putrefactive processes occurring in wood under the destructive influence of pathogenic microflora. In addition, they are able to preserve the physical and technical characteristics of the processed material, as well as restore the healthy natural color of unpainted wood.

If wood damage is at the initial stage, then you can use Bioshield 1. After the treated surfaces have dried, they can be painted or finished with other decorative materials.

In case of severe damage to the tree by mold or lichen, it is necessary to use the Bioshield 2 product.

Both of these compositions are well suited for processing wood used in the construction of log bathhouses and houses.

  • "Prosept 50" is a whitening antiseptic "medicinal" agent domestic production for wood. The composition perfectly removes foci of biological damage, including gray plaque, restoring the healthy color of the tree in literally 25-30 minutes, preserving its structural structure.

The penetration depth of this composition is 3 mm. And already 12 hours after applying the antiseptic to the wood, it can be painted or covered with insulating material or wallpaper.

"Prosept 50" is an environmentally friendly solution, so it can be used for both external and internal treatment of wooden surfaces. In addition, they are even processed wooden pallets on which food products are transported and stored.

Prices for wood bleach Prosept 50

Wood bleach Prosept 50

In order for the solution to remain in the structure of the material for as long as possible, it is recommended to additionally coat the surfaces with the preservative antiseptic agent “Neomid 430 eco” or “Neomid 440 eco”. These funds will eliminate the likelihood of recurrence of foci of biological damage.

  • "Neomid 500" - this whitening antiseptic is similar in its characteristics to the previous product. However, its cost is significantly higher, so it is not so popular among builders.

The solution is an environmentally friendly product and can be used for internal impregnation of wooden surfaces. The product is most often used by professional builders for processing wooden log buildings of bathhouses and residential buildings. Its drying time after application is 24 hours.

  • Whitening antiseptics from the Sagus company are water-based. They are designed for radical removal of any type of damage caused by black mold and wood-staining fungus from unpainted wood. Solutions are also used to impregnate logs and timber for the construction of bathhouses and houses.

"Sagus" produces three types of whitening compositions - "Standard", "Profi" and "Light" :

- “Standard” is a solution of deep and rapid penetration into the structural structure of wood fibers. It is used at the first manifestations of mold, the appearance of lichen or moss, as well as darkening of the material as a result of exposure to ultraviolet radiation.

- “Profi” is a composition that can cope with more serious damage to wood. In addition, it is suitable for impregnation of surfaces built from mineral building materials (brick, gas silicate blocks etc.).

- “Light” - a product intended for lightening wooden surfaces that have darkened as a result of exposure to ultraviolet radiation, as well as when mold formations appear on them. The solution is distinguished by its gentle effect on the structure of wood while maintaining its original qualities.

Wood is a favorable environment for the emergence and development of colonies of fungus and mold. The risk of their occurrence is especially high if the wood is constantly exposed to moisture. Once a lesion appears, getting rid of it is not easy, since it penetrates the structure of the wood fibers, destroying their integrity.

To prevent this process, a protective composition is used that prevents or stops the growth of fungal colonies. If microorganisms have captured large areas of wooden surfaces, then antiseptics should be used only after therapeutic measures, which are carried out using special means - fungicides.

In addition to protecting against such damage, this type of product can repel insects harmful to wood, which can turn it into dust in a very short time. It should be noted that there are many varieties of tree beetles. But if preventive measures are taken on time, none of them will be harmful to wooden products.

Below we will consider the most popular protective antiseptics from various manufacturers.

  • Senezh is a domestic manufacturer that supplies excellent compositions for wood processing to the construction market. A wide range of similar products is offered for wooden parts in any area of ​​the building and with various functionality, including purely protective antiseptic action.

Such products include the Senezh Bio solution, which is capable of fixing the natural protective qualities of wood. The compositions are made on a water basis; they well impregnate the wood structure, forming a three-level protective threshold. Fully suitable for both external and internal surfaces of buildings.

In addition to solutions that make the material resistant to mold and wood beetles, this manufacturer produces compounds that make wood more resistant to fire, high moisture and ultraviolet rays.

  • "PAF-LST" is a domestically produced antiseptic water-soluble paste made on the basis of fluorine and lignosulfate. The manufacturer promises that the product can increase the service life of wood to 30 years or more.

The paste is intended for processing wood used for the construction of load-bearing and enclosing structures. Moreover, even raw wood can be processed. The preparation is odorless, and when applied it paints the wood a dark pistachio color, creating a rough layer on its surface. This antiseptic option is chosen if the elements it treats are not planned to be painted.

“Homeenpoisto +” from the Tikkurila company is very convenient: compact packaging, and the solution itself is easy to quickly prepare immediately before treating wooden surfaces

- “Homeenpoisto +” - These are special tablets that are used to prepare a solution to remove mold and prevent their formation. The composition can be used to treat old and new, external and internal, wooden or mineral surfaces.

The treatment process with this substance is carried out before dyeing. The tablets are dissolved in plain water, and then the resulting solution is applied to the surface using a spray bottle. The product is given a certain period for a more intense effect on the affected areas of the material. Then the surface is treated with a brush or foam sponge, after which it is washed clean water and dries. After drying, the surface must be painted immediately.

- “Homeenpoisto 1” is an antiseptic jelly-like product designed to remove lesions from wooden surfaces and further protect parts from recurrent processes. The solution is made on the basis of hypochlorite, so it is intended for external use only.

    MOKKE offers high-quality and reliable antiseptic Russian manufacturer LMB-color. The product is intended for processing wooden facades and other external surfaces. The reliable composition of the antiseptic guarantees effective protection wood from rotting, damage by fungi, lichens, and various insects for up to 45 years.

Fire retardants - fire retardant solutions

Due to the fact that wood is a highly flammable material, it requires special fire-retardant treatment, which will increase the resistance of lumber to fire. Formulations for these purposes are called fire retardants, and they are produced in liquid, paste and powder forms.

  • Impregnations are aqueous solutions designed for deep penetration into the wood structure.
  • Varnishes form a protective transparent and thin film on the surface, which will protect the wood from rapid heating and fire.
  • Paints and enamels perform two functions at once - protective and decorative.
  • Coatings are paste-like compositions that are not decorative; they are intended only to protect surfaces from open fire.
  • Powdered fire retardants are applied to surfaces using special equipment using the spraying method.

Fire retardants are also divided into compositions for surface treatment and deep penetration into the wood structure, as well as solutions for external and internal use. For processing facades they are used weatherproof compositions, and for the interior - environmentally friendly solutions that are resistant to aggressive environments, especially if wooden surfaces in baths or bathrooms are impregnated.

Another important distinctive feature fire retardants is their principle of action, which can be active or passive.

  • Active substances are substances that, when heated, can release non-flammable gases that prevent oxygen from reaching the source of combustion. This reduces the possibility of flame spreading.
  • Passive fire retardants are solutions that, when the surface of wood is heated, form a layer that protects the structure of the wood when exposed to fire. The compositions have the property of melting when high temperatures ah, creating a non-flammable “crust”, which, by the way, wastes a lot of thermal energy, which increases the overall heat resistance wooden structure.

Fire retardants are included in their product range and are manufactured by the same companies that produce other wood protection products.

  • The compositions “Senezh Ognebio” and “Ognebio Prof” are intended to increase the resistance of wood to open fire and protection from biological damage. These preparations are used to treat external walls before painting them. If the protective layers formed by such flame retardants are left uncoated, the substances will quickly erode.

  • "Neomid 450" and "Neomid 450-1" are highly effective solutions for protecting wood from biological damage and fire. They are used for application to external and internal surfaces that have undergone mechanical processing, but are not painted or impregnated. film-forming compositions. If fungal infections are found on the surfaces, they should be treated with bleaching agents before applying the fire retardant.

  • "Pirilax" is a bio- and fire-retardant solution intended for impregnation of wood and materials made on its basis, which can be used for external and internal work. The composition perfectly protects the tree from wood-staining and mold fungi, wood-boring beetles. And besides this, it increases its resistance to open fire. In general, thanks to this treatment, the service life of any wooden parts is extended, the risk of cracking is reduced, and deterioration is slowed down.

The composition is compatible with other paint and varnish solutions, so it can be used for painting. The manufacturer of the Pirilax product indicates on the packaging that it provides antiseptic protection for wood for up to 20 years, and fire protection for up to 16 years. Moreover, the composition is an environmentally friendly material, safe for people and the environment.

Fire retardants from other domestic and foreign manufacturers can be found on sale. When purchasing any of them, it is recommended to carefully study the characteristics of the solution and the instructions for its use.

Compositions that provide UV protection

Buildings built from wood lose their original attractiveness over time. appearance, as they are constantly exposed to damaging ultraviolet radiation. To protect the facades of wooden houses or bathhouses, it is necessary to timely treat the surfaces with preparations specially designed for this purpose.

Protective agents that are designed to prevent the harmful effects sun rays, contain pigments and special additives that reduce the destructive effects of ultraviolet radiation.

A wooden surface treated with a special product will be protected from damage by ultraviolet radiation for 8–10 years, after which the treatment will need to be renewed. If a colorless solution is chosen for the coating, the coating will have to be renewed every 3–4 years.

If blue discoloration or mold damage is found on the lumber, then before covering them protective compounds it is necessary to treat with strong antiseptics.

The following compositions can be cited as an example of this type of product.

  • "Senezh Aquadecor" is a decorative composition that is not only an excellent antiseptic, but also includes special components - UV filters that absorb solar radiation. Thanks to such components. the wood does not darken, maintaining its original appearance. Senezh Aquadecor is produced in a wide range of colors, which allows you to choose the most suitable shade for coating external or internal surfaces.

  • « Biofa 2108" - This is a special solution made in Germany. This product contains microparticles of white pigment, which protect the wood from UV rays. The product can be used to coat interior and exterior wooden surfaces. When applying the solution to wood natural color the material does not change.

The composition is made on the basis linseed oil, which is well absorbed into wood without creating a film on the surface. Due to the fact that the product is oil-based, it is not compatible with aqueous solutions. "Biofa 2108" - This is an environmentally friendly product, so the coating made from it is breathable and does not emit toxic fumes into the environment.

Protective solutions for wood exposed to damp environments

Parts of wooden buildings in contact with the ground, buildings located in regions with traditionally high humidity, as well as internal wooden surfaces of baths and saunas require the use of products specially designed for their treatment.

The following antiseptic agents are ideal for treating external surfaces:

  • "Senezh Ultra" and "Senezh Bio" - these solutions have deep penetration properties, impregnating the upper layers of wood, creating two and three-level protective thresholds from penetration of dampness. These compositions can be used as a primer for decorative coatings.

  • "Valtti Aquacolor" is an oil antiseptic used to protect the walls of buildings operated in humid natural conditions. The manufacturer offers a 40-color palette for tinting solutions, so the protective agent can easily become multifunctional, adding decorativeness to wooden surfaces with the selected shade.

The oil is quickly absorbed into the wood structure, emphasizing the beauty of its texture. In addition to oil, the product contains a special wax, which is a water-repellent component.

The wax does not peel off from the surface, increases the wear resistance of wood, makes it hydrophobic, and also prevents the appearance of mechanical damage. The manufacturer has provided the possibility of tinting the product, the color range of which includes 39 shades.

To protect surfaces in baths and saunas, special compounds are also provided that are designed to withstand high temperatures, steam and moisture. Therefore, if it is necessary to treat surfaces in these buildings or individual rooms, it is worth choosing products whose packaging indicates their specifications:

  • “KRASULA® for baths and saunas” is a decorative and protective solution containing natural wax, used for treating both dry and wet surfaces. The functions of this tool are as follows:

— protection of wood from penetration of moisture, dirt, soot, grease, soap solution, as well as from the formation of stains from adhering leaves;

— destruction of existing damage to the tree by mold, algae and prevention of relapses;

— protection from damage by harmful insects, such as wood-boring beetles;

The product has been tested for safety operation during high temperatures. It does not change the natural appearance of the wood and preserves its natural aroma. It is important that the composition does not clog the pores of the material, allowing it to “breathe”.

It is especially important for bath conditions that this is an environmentally friendly solution, safe for the environment and people. It is convenient that it is possible to carry out processing in a humid environment without waiting for the surfaces to dry.

The manufacturer provides a guarantee for wood protection for a period of 7 years in relaxation rooms of baths and saunas, as well as 5 years for the surfaces of washing and steam rooms.

  • “PROSEPT SAUNA” is a composition that is a composition of synthetic biocides, made on a water basis. It is used to protect the internal wooden surfaces of baths and saunas from wood staining and wood-destroying manifestations. Prevents the formation of fungal colonies and pathogenic microorganisms on healthy wood. The solution provides reliable protection against moisture penetration into the wood structure at high temperatures.

"PROSEPT SAUNA" can be used not only to protect new surfaces, but also to stop existing destructive processes. The active components of the antiseptic quickly penetrate the wood structure, binding to its fibers. This creates a special resistance of the material to moisture penetration and leaching of the product itself.

This product is used as a base for treating surfaces with oils intended for bath rooms, for painting or tinting.

  • "Senezh Sauna" is another solution designed for treating wooden surfaces in rooms where high humidity and high temperatures prevail. The impregnation has an environmentally friendly composition that does not emit toxic substances into the environment.

Prices for antiseptics Senezh

Antiseptics Senezh

Protective agents for unbarked wood and wood with high natural humidity

If fresh wood is purchased for construction, not dried, or a log that has not been cleared of bark, then before laying the material to dry, it is necessary to carry out the process of processing it. For this purpose, it is recommended to use specially designed products that will reliably protect the wood while it is drying under natural conditions.

The preparations used to impregnate such wood have the property of deep penetration into the structure of the material, allowing it to “breathe” and create unacceptable conditions for the appearance of fungal formations and insect damage. Such solutions include “Neomid 420” and “Neomid 46”, “Senezh Insa” and “Senezh Trans”, “Prosept-42” and “Prosept-46”, “Eurotrans”, “BS-13” and others.

Protection for the ends of beams and logs

A specific area of ​​lumber that requires enhanced protection- this is the end part of a beam, board or log. Due to the fact that the end has a more porous structural structure, through it moisture is intensively absorbed into the wood, penetrating deep into the products. As a result, in the created favorable microclimate, mold that destroys the material easily forms. In addition, waterlogging in these places leads to the appearance of deep cracks, which sharply reduce the quality of the purchased material, becoming vulnerable to further damage to the wood. Therefore, for processing of this area of ​​wood products has been special antiseptic agents have been developed that are applied to the material being prepared for construction or cladding, or to the ends of a log or beam already finished building home or bathhouse.

The most popular means for protecting the ends of lumber is Senezh Tor, which has all necessary qualities. Moreover, the processing process must be carried out not only for new materials, but also for already commissioned facilities, at intervals of every three to four years.

Preservatives for old painted wood

It is more difficult to save painted wood from biological damage, since getting rid of the old paint coating not at all easy. Moreover, even in cases where the coating has cracked and began to peel off.

In order for the protective agent to show its effectiveness, all layers of paint will have to be removed from the wood. This process can be carried out in several ways - mechanically, using a spatula or a grinder with a nozzle in the form metal brush, And chemical method when special compounds are applied to the surface, softening and peeling off old layers decorative finishing.

Antiseptics can be applied only after the surface has been completely cleaned of paint layers.

Protective measures are carried out both before subsequent painting of wooden surfaces and when leaving the cleaned material in its natural form.

To treat cleaned surfaces, antiseptics such as “Valtti Techno” and “Homeenpoisto 1” are used, which are able to penetrate deeply into the structure of previously painted wood and protect it from emerging problems. If the surface is clean old paint completely, if desired or necessary, it can be bleached to a natural color, while simultaneously performing the necessary “treatment.” The name and description of the whitening compositions were presented above.

What to look for when choosing a wood preservative?

Regardless of the purpose for which an antiseptic is chosen, it is very important when choosing it to pay attention to some points that will determine the quality of the composition and the duration of its protective effect.

  • Manufacturer. It is necessary to correctly understand that protective compounds that meet all established criteria can only be produced using high-tech specialized equipment, which is available exclusively from large specialized companies.

As a rule, such enterprises have been operating for decades and have already gained a certain authority among consumers. Therefore, in order not to purchase a low-quality product that will not work properly, it is best to buy a solution from a well-known brand. Of course, you won’t be able to save money on such products, but you can be sure that the protective qualities of the purchased solution will correspond to the description given by the manufacturer on the packaging.

  • Duration of effective protection. As has been experimentally established, antiseptic protective coatings can act effectively for no more than two to seven years, depending on their quality. That is, in any case, they will need to be updated over time.

If the manufacturer specifies a service life of 20–40 years, then such a characteristic should hardly be trusted unconditionally. Any, without exception, even the highest quality protective agent, under the influence of external factors, gradually loses its original properties. The characteristics presented above indicate the service life given by the manufacturer. However, when purchasing one or another version of an antiseptic, you need to carefully study the packaging and find out the conditions under which such a period is possible.

  • Consumption of protective composition. Many consumers immediately pay attention to the cost of the antiseptic and try to save money by purchasing a more affordable solution. However, it is necessary to look at the material consumption indicated by the manufacturer, since many of them, having a low cost, require high consumption and application in two or even three layers. To be able to navigate this parameter, you need to know that average varies from 200 to 250 g/m². Only fire retardants can have a high consumption - here it can be 400÷600 g/m².

If large-scale work is planned, then it would probably be useful to immediately calculate how much antiseptic solution will be needed for the treatment. Calculating the flow rate for any area (for example,) usually does not cause problems. It is more difficult when you need to process lumber, timber or boards - many people begin to get confused on these issues.

To make this calculation as easy as possible, there is a calculator below that will carry out the necessary calculations in just a few seconds.

Calculator for calculating the amount of antiseptic composition for processing lumber

The program will calculate the consumption of antiseptic for processing in one layer, taking into account the traditional reserve of 10 percent. It is important that the amount of the finished solution is calculated, since many formulations are sold in the form of concentrates, which must be diluted before use in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.

To simplify the task, the quantity of lumber can be indicated either by piece or by volume, that is, in “cubes,” as they are often purchased at bases.

Consumption is indicated by manufacturers either in milliliters per m² or in grams - alas, but there is no unity on this issue. It's okay - the principle of calculation does not change in any way.

Wood ignites and burns quickly. To increase the fire resistance of buildings, fire retardants are necessarily used to increase the life of fire resistance. Particular attention should be paid to treating the inside of the house: windows, door frames, walls and non-permanent partitions. Wood impregnated with fire retardants can withstand fire for up to two hours (depending on the product).

Based on their composition, fire retardants are divided into two groups:

  • containing fusible salts,
  • when heated, releasing gases that prevent combustion.

Often both types of substances are found in one preparation.

Fire retardants are made liquid or solid by consistency. Liquid varnishes include varnishes for forming a film that preserves the texture of wood, deep penetration impregnation (water-based salt solution), enamels and paints, which give the product a decorative appearance. Solid fire retardants come in the form of fillers (powder) and coatings (paste).

Antiprens do not change the structure of wood, but can slightly tint or decorate it. You can then apply paint, primer, plaster and others on top of the fire retardant.

Photo: Instagram benjaminmooreukraine

How to protect wood from UV exposure

Under the intense light of the sun, the tree begins to deteriorate: it turns gray, fades, absorbs moisture, as it becomes porous, and, accordingly, rots. And here preventive measures are important.

UV protection products contain absorbent additives and pigments. Such preparations are labeled “UV radiation absorption” on the packaging. Facade paints (especially dark colors) protect buildings for about 10 years. In the future, the processing must be repeated. Colorless products need to be renewed every two to three years.

This popularity is explained by the environmental friendliness of the material and its beautiful appearance, but, alas, wood has many enemies - it is afraid of fire, moisture, insects, temperature changes and sunlight. Previously, wood was protected with compounds based on salt and vinegar - today the industry makes it possible to produce more effective means, which give the tree durability and resistance to negative environmental factors. There are so many of these compounds that choosing the right product to protect wood from rot, fire and other influences becomes difficult. Let's look at the main aspects of a smart purchase.

No. 1. From what and in what cases should wood be protected?

Wood preservatives are aimed against various negative influences, and the choice depends on the conditions under which the material will be used. The main enemies of wood are:

  • moisture(fog, rain, high indoor humidity). Wood is characterized by the ability to absorb moisture and swell when its content in the environment is high and, conversely, dry out during dry times. Such fluctuations in volume lead, at a minimum, to cracks, and when constructing a building from wood, the entire structure can be seriously damaged. Therefore, it is necessary to treat wood with means that reduce moisture absorption, but do not affect the ability to “breathe”;
  • mold, mildew, mosses and insects often affects wood at high humidity and limited air access. Rotting, the appearance of moss, the spread of bark beetles, termites, woodworms and other pests affect not only the appearance of the wood, but also its structure;
  • fire. Wood is flammable and burns quickly. There are no products yet that provide 100% protection from fire, but there are substances that affect the structure and increase the non-flammability time;
  • UV rays with prolonged and intense exposure, they destroy wood, most affecting lignin, a substance that provides rigidity and hardness.

To increase resistance to all these factors, there are a number of specific means - a complex composition does not yet exist, so if wood needs to be protected, for example, from both moisture and fire, the use of several means will be required.

No. 2. General principles for choosing wood preservatives

Regardless of what factor the product is aimed at combating, when choosing, pay attention to the following nuances:

  • coating service life. The protective agent can last on the surface for about 2-5 years, and if the manufacturer indicates such numbers on the packaging, then he is probably not lying, but durability of 20-40 years should be treated with caution. Most likely, this is just a marketing ploy, and in small letters in an inconspicuous place on the packaging it will be indicated that such a period of protection is possible only when the product is applied by deep impregnation (this is an industrial technique) or if the composition is washed out, which is impossible to achieve;
  • composition consumption. Often, cheap products are unpleasantly surprised by the increased consumption of the composition, which is why all their efficiency is reduced to nothing, so when purchasing, you should pay attention to the figures indicated by the manufacturers. The average consumption of bioprotective agents is 200-250 g/m2, but not 500-600 g/m2, which can be seen on the packaging of some inexpensive formulations. Such high consumption is typical only for fire retardant compounds;
  • manufacturer's name. High-quality protective equipment can only be produced on high-tech production lines that large enterprises with famous name. For the sake of your peace of mind and guaranteed results, it is better to overpay a little;
  • versatility. Some companies offer complex products that supposedly protect wood from both fire and rot, and the active ingredients, according to manufacturers, only enhance each other’s effect. Experts say that even substances that may be in the same solution sometimes not only do not enhance each other’s effect, but also reduce protection;
  • composition and certificate of conformity. The composition of protective agents includes a lot of substances, each of which has its own role, but attention should be paid to the base of the drug - these can be organic and inorganic substances. Inorganic substances, which include sodium and potassium bichromates, chloride, chromium and fluorine-containing compounds, copper and zinc salts, negatively affect humans, metals and the color of wood, and are therefore prohibited for use in Europe. Organic-based products are more effective and avoid negative health effects. Any protective product must have a certificate of conformity confirming its safety.

No. 3. Wood protection methods

To ensure the longest possible preservation of wood, a set of measures is used. This constructive solutions, consisting in correct placement and layout, as well as regular monitoring of the condition of the wood and the means themselves for protecting the wood.

Protective agents can be applied in the following basic ways:


No. 4. Products for protecting wood from moisture

An increased level of humidity is the main enemy of wood, as it not only impairs performance, but also causes the appearance of fungus. Treatment aimed at protecting against moisture begins with wood harvesting, and proper drying is of great importance. Even well-dried material will begin to absorb moisture over time, but even in this parameter different varieties wood are very different. , ash, pine, oak are more resistant to moisture, spruce, fir and beech are moderately resistant, and maple, birch and hornbeam are the most vulnerable. A number of tropical trees (kumaru, cousia, ipe, sisal) are practically not afraid of moisture and require only minimal protection.

The most important indicator of wood is intracellular moisture. For construction, you can use material with an indicator of 5-20%, and for the construction of rafter structures and interior decoration Wood with a moisture content of 9-15% is suitable, and for external cladding - 12-18%.

To reduce the ability of wood to absorb moisture from the environment, i.e. to reduce its hygroscopicity, use , oil impregnations and pastes, which are divided into two groups:

  • compositions that form a film on the surface, do not have sufficient durability, so the treatment will have to be repeated quite often;
  • penetrating compounds more durable and capable of getting into the pores of wood, used for processing fences, house walls, .

As a rule, water repellents do not change the color of wood, and their effect is that drops of water simply roll off the surface without penetrating the structure. A number of such products also have a frost-resistant effect.

No. 5. Products for protecting wood from rot, mold and insects

Constant high humidity, temperature fluctuations and intense exposure to sunlight make wood vulnerable to microorganisms and insects. As antiseptics are used to prevent mold growth– products that prevent but do not kill bacteria. Already during the harvesting of wood, it is coated with antiseptics; re-treatment is carried out after installation and cleaning of the wood. Antiseptics are produced in the form of liquids and pastes; they also reliably protect against insect damage. Eat primer type antiseptics, which are used under, but their penetration and service life are short. Antiseptics can be tinted, and experts say that in this way it is much easier to achieve uniform coloring of walls than when using tinted varnish.

If there are already traces of rot on the wood, then treatment is necessary before using an antiseptic fungicides– substances that kill fungal and mold spores. The basis in fungicidal solutions can be:


If traces of insect damage are found on the wood, treatment should be carried out. insecticidal impregnations which are produced:

  • water based. They are used mainly for annual protection of wood during transportation and storage;
  • alkyd-based are more stable products that are suitable not only as therapeutic drugs, but also as prevention.

Regular monitoring of the condition of the wood for the smell of rot, the presence of thin white or bluish and brownish films will prevent rotting in time.

Sometimes you may need wood bleaching products and eliminating bluish, greenish and black spots. Such substances are applied with a brush to the damaged areas, and after a few hours the original color returns.

When purchasing antiseptic compounds, please note that different breeds absorb compounds with different intensities. Thus, birch and beech have high absorbency, cedar, larch, oak, linden, hornbeam - average, and spruce and fir - low. In addition, completely different compositions are used for different purposes. If during transportation the wood only needs preventive treatment, then when constructing the rafter system it is necessary to use hard-to-wash products, which often paint the wood in brownish and grayish shades, reducing its decorative qualities, therefore such means are not suitable.

No. 6. Means for protecting wood from fire

When exposed to fire, wood will sooner or later ignite, however, large ones resist fire much longer than boards, since a charred layer forms on their surface, which slowly smolders. Any chips or cracks increase vulnerability to fire. Fire retardants are used to protect wood from fire, which are capable of delaying the ignition and spread of fire.

Fire retardants are available in the following forms:

  • liquid formulations: varnishes, impregnations, enamels and;
  • solid compositions: backfills and coatings.

Previously, fire retardants were widely produced in solid form; today the market offers mainly ready-made liquid solutions or concentrates. This form of release allows you to use the product more effectively and at the same time increase safety, because when working with powders, poisonous dust inevitably enters the body, and additional equipment is required, which complicates the processing process.

Fire retardants according to the principle of action are divided into:


The highest quality protection will be applied in an industrial environment, but you can also carry out similar treatment yourself using a brush, roller or aerosol. It is not recommended to process wood with a moisture content of more than 15%. For well-dried wood, compositions based on organic polymers are suitable, and for non-wood with a moisture content of 10-15%, it is better to use water-soluble fire retardants to guarantee. Small wooden pieces can be dipped into the solution and left there for a period of 30 minutes to 24 hours.

Based on their effectiveness, all fire retardants are divided into groups:

  • G1 - means by which wood is treated after two minutes of exposure to flame gas burner loses up to 9% of weight;
  • G2 – products with weight loss up to 25%;
  • G3 – products that do not provide adequate protection for the tree.

No. 7. Products for protecting wood from ultraviolet radiation

Under constant action When exposed to sunlight, wood begins to darken and deteriorate, so if such an effect on the material is inevitable, negative consequences must be prevented. As a rule, special additives to prevent the harmful effects of sunlight are included in water-repellent impregnations and bioprotective agents, varnishes and paints, as indicated by the corresponding inscription on the packaging.

To ensure maximum safety of the wood, it is treated with protective agents in the following sequence:


No. 9. Manufacturers of wood preservatives

Store shelves are filled with various wood preservatives, but not all of them are equally effective. When choosing, you should pay attention to the instructions on the packaging, incl. take into account the effect of the product on the color of wood, its corrosiveness and odor, and also take into account the name of the manufacturer, which becomes a guarantee of quality. Among all the abundance of funds, it is worth highlighting the products of such companies:

  • Pinotex– Estonian manufacturer of wood preservatives. Its products have gained enormous popularity in the domestic market. It produces compositions for protecting wood inside and outside the house: primers, impregnations, paints and antiseptics. Antiseptics, tinted antiseptics, as well as antiseptics with an ultraviolet filter have proven themselves to be excellent. The company's protective products, intended for use on terraces and open areas, are named among the best;
  • Tikkurila is a concern with a 150-year history, whose factories are located in several countries. The name of this manufacturer is a guarantee of product quality, since all stages of production are carefully monitored here. There are a huge number of wood protection products available under the brand name Valtti;
  • Belinka Belles is a Slovenian manufacturer that is rapidly gaining recognition among domestic buyers. Produces a wide range of protective products, incl. antiseptic primers, leave-in antiseptics, special sauna protectants and a unique hybrid coating;
  • "Senezh" is a domestic company that produces a full range of products to protect wood from any negative influences. It produces tinting antiseptics with a UV filter, antiseptics for saunas (these products, by the way, are considered one of the best of their kind), preservative antiseptics, fire-bioprotective agents, and wood bleaching agents;
  • – a brand of protective equipment from the company “Expertecology-Neohim”. The domestic manufacturer relies on the production of concentrated drugs, which reduces their cost. Antiseptics for protecting wood in damp environments and soil, antiseptics with UV protection, wood bleaching agents, fire protection products, as well as substances for treating saunas and baths are popular.

In addition, protective equipment from the Belarusian company performed well Sadolin, German Dufa, English Dulux, domestic companies " Rogneda» ( trademark"Aquatex") and " Tree healer».

There are a lot folk remedies to protect wood from rot and pests, but to achieve the best results it is better to give preference to professional preparations and apply them in accordance with the instructions.

One of the most common building materials in modern world can unmistakably be called wood. Houses, bathhouses or gazebos are built from it, fences are built and furniture is made; wood is also used for interior and exterior decoration in individual housing and for public buildings. This material boasts a lot of advantages, among which the most significant are its environmental friendliness and accessibility. But along with positive qualities, there are also negative properties - the danger of fire, the possibility of rotting and high moisture absorption. The article will discuss means and methods of protecting wood.

Since ancient times, they tried to protect wooden buildings and structures by impregnating boards and logs various compositions based on vinegar or salt. Modern developments in technology and the chemical industry make it possible to create more reliable multicomponent compositions that can effectively withstand various unfavorable factors, protecting the wood for a long time and extending its service life.

Factors negatively affecting wood

Wood is a specific material that is demanding in terms of application. When using, it is necessary to take into account many nuances, protecting buildings from adverse events that can significantly reduce the service life of wooden structures.

  • First of all, it should be taken into account that wood is a “living” product containing moisture, and, therefore, its percentage may vary depending on weather conditions. At high humidity wooden products absorb water from the air and the environment, while their volume increases (swell), and in dry times, on the contrary, they dry out, losing size.

  • This fact can greatly affect construction, so if the wood is not protected in time, then when humidity fluctuates, the entire constructed structure will suffer. Therefore, one of the main negative factors can be attributed to humidity(rain, fog). It is necessary to reduce the ability of boards and logs to absorb moisture, but without changing their natural ability to “breathe”.
  • Also, with high humidity and without access to air, the material can begin to rot, mold and fungi form on the surface, and various mosses begin to grow. In addition, insect pests such as bark beetles, longhorned beetles, wood borers, borers and termites can appear, making labyrinthine passages in the tree, which deteriorates not only the appearance, but also its structure. So, to next factor, providing negative influence, can be attributed microorganisms and insects. In order to prevent their development, experts recommend treating wooden structures with various antiseptic compounds.
  • Another dangerous factor is fire. Fires destroy hundreds of buildings every year, which is why it is so important to protect wooden structures with special means - fire retardants, which will prevent the spread of fire.

  • In addition, wood often suffers from exposure ultraviolet radiation. Intense sunlight is dangerous for the wooden surface, which gradually begins to deteriorate. UV rays have a particularly detrimental effect on lignin (a polymer compound in the structure of plants that provides hardness and rigidity), the structure, color and density of the building material changes, therefore, it is necessary to take preventive measures in a timely manner.

In the modern world, there is a specially developed means of protection against each of these factors. Unfortunately, universal compounds have not yet been invented that protect against everything at once, therefore, based on where the wooden products will be used, protective preparations should be chosen.

Protecting wood from moisture

  • High humidity is detrimental to wood; if its content exceeds 20-30% for a long time, then the wood begins to deteriorate. Moreover, if the product is dried abruptly, then there is a high probability that it will begin to delaminate, crack and change appearance and shape (warp). Moisture has a negative effect on products made from almost any type of wood, with the only exception being tropical trees such as kusia (bilinga), azobe, ipe, kumaru and some others, from which decking boards are most often made.

Even well-dried wooden material, not treated with any special means, over time begins to absorb moisture from the air, this property is called hygroscopicity. Depending on the type of wood and the quality of drying, the absorbent properties may vary.

There is such a thing as intracellular moisture, according to which wood products are divided into the following categories:

  • wet, with a humidity of 100% or more, occurs during prolonged contact of wooden products with water;
  • freshly cut, with a humidity of 50-100%, the indicator may fluctuate depending on the time of year in which the tree was cut down, so products harvested in winter are drier and stronger;
  • air-dry, with a humidity of 15-25%, possibly subject to long-term storage in air;
  • room-dry, with a humidity of 5-10%, when stored in closed, ventilated and heated rooms;
  • dry, with a humidity of 0-5%, can only be achieved by drying in special devices.

In construction, it is recommended to use wood whose humidity is in the range of 10-15%, since with an increase this indicator strength qualities are reduced. It is important to protect the wood at the processing stage, and not in the finished structure. Means to reduce the moisture absorption of the material are called water repellents. All developed water-repellent preparations can be divided into two main groups:

  • compositions that form a film on the surface, they do not have a long period of action, so it is necessary to periodically repeat the treatment;

  • compounds that penetrate the pores of wood, such products provide more lasting protection and form a durable barrier.

Important: water repellents do not change the appearance of the material; their main function is to long-term preserve the wood from the penetration of water vapor and moisture. The incoming water simply rolls off the surface and does not form wet marks or smudges. In addition, many products can increase the frost resistance of wood, so that deep cracks do not form on the products in winter.

Manufacturers produce products that differ in composition, structure and application methods. Some products may be in the form of a paste, while others may be oil impregnations.

Methods of applying products to protect wood from rotting

  • The surface intended for treatment is cleaned of dirt and dust, as well as existing oil and grease stains. Water-repellent film-forming agents are applied using a roller, brush or spray, depending on the degree of thickness of the preparation.
  • It is necessary to apply the water repellent at one time to the entire surface without gaps and without too much layering. It is allowed to carry out work at temperatures from +5 to +30 degrees.
  • The effectiveness of the composition appears after 15-30 hours; until this point, it is advisable to protect the treated products from exposure to moisture, wind and sunlight. Particular attention should be paid to the end part of boards and logs.

  • Penetrating water repellents are applied in several stages, drying each layer for 30-180 minutes. If there is such a possibility, then it is best to immerse the materials being treated for a short time in containers with the product, so that it penetrates deeper into the wood structure. Moisture-proofing compounds are necessarily used when constructing wooden facades.

Fire protection

The most terrible and dangerous enemy not only of wood, but also of humans is fire. The chemical industry is trying to create various fire retardants that make wood products and buildings fire-resistant. Of course, it is impossible to completely eliminate the flammability of this material; products only increase the non-flammability time of wood.

Fire retardants are available in the form:

  • liquid formulations, which include:
    1. varnishes - form a thin transparent film that preserves the wood texture;
    2. impregnation - an aqueous solution of salts used as a composition for deep penetration;
    3. enamels, paints - form a thin layer of color and give a decorative appearance.
  • Solid formulations, which include:
    1. backfill - a loose powdery substance;
    2. coatings are a paste-like substance that does not have decorative properties.

Impregnations are considered the most effective protective drugs. Also, all products are divided into products intended for deep penetration and products for surface treatment. Suitable for external processing (weather-resistant), for internal processing (non-weather-resistant) and aggressive-resistant (used when exposed to an aggressive environment - vapors, gases).

The main distinctive ability of fire retardants is the principle of their action:

  • active- these are substances that emit non-flammable gases that prevent the free access of oxygen to the surface, thereby reducing the spread of flame. Aqueous solutions of salts are added to the composition of such products, which melt under the influence of high temperatures and form a protective layer that prevents the penetration of fire;
  • passive- form porous structure when applied and retain the strength properties of wood during fire. They, in turn, can be divided into intumescent and non-intumescent compositions.

Important: fire retardant compounds for wood protection are mandatory for use in residential buildings, especially when processing internal parts buildings - windows, door frames, wooden walls and partitions.

Fire retardants do not change the structure wood material, but sometimes slight toning may be observed. Almost any other substance can be applied on top of the applied solution - paints, primers, plasters, and so on.

Methods of applying fire retardants

Most high-quality protection provide compositions applied in industrial conditions, but also independent use can help prevent the terrible consequences of fire.

  • As a rule, fire retardants are applied superficially using a brush or roller; the manufacturer also produces products in aerosol cans. When processing poorly dried wood, it is recommended to use water-soluble fire retardants, since solvent-soluble compounds simply cannot penetrate deep into the material. The maximum humidity of processed products should be no more than 15%.

  • Any fire retardant compounds are applied to wood in finished structures, which are not subsequently intended to be subjected to mechanical stress. Before starting impregnation, it is necessary to remove all dirt, dust and various substances, preventing deep penetration of the solution into the wood structure. If processing is carried out in a closed space, then safety precautions should be observed: use personal protection(mask, suit), and after finishing the treatment, ventilate the room well.
  • The ambient temperature should be more than +5 degrees, and air humidity should not exceed 70%; it is also not recommended to carry out treatment in intense sunlight or on cloudy and rainy days. Fire retardant preparations are applied in an even, continuous layer, without sagging or omissions, special attention is given to the places where parts are connected. For better adhesion to the surface, the fire retardant solution can be slightly heated.
  • If products are processed small size, it is allowed to immerse in fire retardant solutions. To do this, pour the product into the container and immerse the object being treated for at least 30-60 minutes. In this case, it is important to ensure that the liquid level is 8-10 cm higher than the product being treated. Depending on the specialist’s recommendations, the wood should be kept in such a solution for up to 24 hours.

  • It is recommended to re-impregnate after 2-3 years of service, since repeated treatment only increases the effectiveness of protection. If there is a need to temporarily remove the fire retardant layer, then additional processing should be carried out for further operation.

Protecting wood from fungus, mold and insects

  • Unfavorable climatic phenomena - precipitation, temperature fluctuations, intense sunlight can negatively affect the structure of wood, leading to the appearance of decay processes: rot, mold or fungi. If the damaged areas are too extensive, it is almost impossible to save the wooden structure. That is why preventive treatment should be carried out using antiseptics, which can be produced in liquid or paste form.

  • Antiseptics for wood protection do not destroy bacteria, they only prevent their spread. Therefore, if the process of reproduction of microorganisms is already in the active phase, then antiseptic treatment should be carried out only after the use of special potent drugs - fungicides.
  • Logs and boards must always be protected with antiseptics: they are coated for the first time before transportation, especially if it is intended long-term storage material. They are processed again after installation and final cleaning. Paints and varnishes can be applied over antiseptic agents.

  • When purchasing protective equipment, you should keep in mind that different materials consume different amounts of solution. For example, for processing pine boards, which already have a natural protective layer, will require less antiseptic agents than for impregnation of rounded logs.
  • Do right choice antiseptics will help to accurately determine the purpose for which they are purchased. So, for processing wood during transportation and for processing unfinished buildings left on winter period, you will need two completely different means. In addition, for such structural elements as logs, lower crowns, subfloors, floor beams, rafter system and other parts bearing power loads require special solutions (difficult to wash out or non-washable) that can reliably protect structural parts throughout their entire service life. Such compositions, as a rule, paint the wood gray or brown and are not suitable for application to facades or for decoration.

UV protection

Wooden buildings that remain in the open air for a long time lose their visual appeal over time and begin to turn black and collapse. UV rays have this effect on wood. Therefore, if you do not protect the surface from their influence in time, it is almost impossible to stop destruction in the future.

  • Products that prevent the penetration of ultraviolet radiation onto the surface of wood contain special additives and pigments that absorb harmful radiation. When choosing a protective composition, you should give preference to those whose packaging is marked “UV radiation absorption.”
  • The treated wooden surface can last 8-10 years; after this period, the protective agent must be reapplied. Colorless products will have to be updated a little more often than color ones (about every 2-3 years). When processing coniferous wood, you should first prime the surface with compounds that prevent blue staining. Impregnations are applied with a brush or roller, in one layer, and then covered with glaze.

Sequence of application of solutions for wood treatment

As a rule, wooden structures should be protected in a comprehensive manner, that is, the use of all means has equal priorities.

  • First of all, even at the stage of harvesting and transportation, wood must be treated with antiseptic solutions, which prevent the development of putrefactive processes and are a prophylactic against wood-destroying insects.
  • If necessary, antiseptics are treated with fire retardants to prevent fire. The choice of specific products depends on preference, but you should definitely pay attention to compatibility with other protective products.
  • Then wooden products can be treated with water-repellent impregnations that prevent moisture from entering the structure of the material, but do not interfere with the removal of excess moisture, that is, the drying of the wood will proceed as normal. Such protection will help prevent the leaching of antiseptics and fire retardants.
  • The last layer can be any paint and varnish product that contains additives or pigments that can absorb ultraviolet radiation.
  • Do not forget about sealing seams and joints. This procedure can be carried out using acrylic sealants, which provide reliable protection and are an environmentally friendly product. In addition, they are able to reduce heat loss in wooden structures.
  • To obtain a high-quality coating, the treatment is carried out under conditions that the wood has a moisture content of no more than 20%. In this case, the solutions are applied on a warm, clear day. Logs and other spherical wooden surfaces, as well as horizontal structures (railings, benches, bridges), should be treated especially carefully, since they are the ones most susceptible to moisture and UV radiation.

Manufacturers and product range

Construction stores and markets offer consumers more than 100 types of various protective products for protecting wood. Among the most popular are several major manufacturers.

Senezh-preparations

Russian company, leader in the production of specialized protective products for protecting Senezh wood. Produces and supplies a full range of drugs that protect against any adverse factors.

The company produces the following categories of products:

  • decorative compositions for wood;
  • protective products for lumber and logging;
  • antiseptic solutions for baths and saunas;
  • solutions for wood preservation;
  • biopyrenes;
  • renewing agents;
  • economy class antiseptics.

Belinka

Protective equipment from the Belinka company:

  • impregnations - contain biocides that prevent wood destruction (Base, Impregnant, Belbor fix concentrate, Belocid);
  • surface azure coatings - protect wood from mechanical and climatic influences (Toplasur, Lasur, Interier, Interier Sauna, Exterier, Illumina).

NORTH

The research and production association produces biopyrenes and wood preservatives. The company began its activities in 1993 and today is a leader in the production of professional products that are superior to their European counterparts in many aspects. All products have quality certificates and are made only from environmentally friendly components.

Popular wood preservatives

  • Aidol
  • Alpina
  • Aquawood Ligno+
  • wood protection dial
  • Dulux
  • Eurotex
  • Johnstones
  • Lignovit Protect.
  • Pinotex
  • Polifarb
  • Sadolin
  • Select
  • Teknos
  • Tikkurila
  • Woodworks
  • Aquatex
  • Barkis
  • Biox
  • Biosept
  • Valtti
  • Tree healer
  • Drevotex
  • Zatex
  • KSD-A
  • Favorite dacha
  • Sotex
  • Texturol

Selection criteria

In a store with displays of wood protective products, it is very easy to get confused and it can be very difficult to make a choice. To decide which product to purchase, you should carefully study the packaging, on which bona fide manufacturers indicate all the necessary information. If comprehensive protection is required, you need to make sure that the selected products are compatible with each other (it is best to purchase products from the same brand).

What to look for when choosing:

  • how reliable and durable the product is;
  • does the product change the color of the wood;
  • does the solution have a chemical smell?
  • is it necessary special equipment for preparing and applying the mixture;
  • how environmentally friendly the solution is;
  • composition cost.

If wood protection products meet all the requirements and have only positive reviews, as well as all the necessary quality certificates, then the product can be safely purchased and used.

Wood has been used as a building material for over a hundred years. They prefer to use it for the construction of baths, residential buildings, and summer cottages. It is the most environmentally friendly, safe and warm material with low thermal conductivity. Wood also values ​​its aesthetically attractive appearance. Therefore, it is often used as decorative element for external and internal finishing of the log house. But the service life of wooden material can be shortened due to atmospheric influences on it. After all, moisture, insects, precipitation, wind, sunlight, fungus and fire are dangerous for the strength and other characteristics of wood. And to extend the service life of this building material, it is necessary to provide it with reliable and timely protection.

The main causes of wood destruction according to scientific developments

Wood is a living, natural material that contains a certain percentage of moisture. The amount of moisture varies depending on the ambient temperature, air humidity and other weather conditions. Water has a strong effect on the structure of wood: on a cloudy, rainy day it swells, and on a summer day, on the contrary, it dries out. The strength of the structure suffers greatly from these constant changes. Therefore, wood must be protected from moisture.

Photo: proper storage of lumber in a stack.

When saving wooden material from water, there is no need to trim (cover) it with film or oilcloth. After all, wood must breathe and disruption of air exchange will lead to the formation of an even more serious problem - damage to the wooden material by fungus or mold. And they, in turn, will provoke the development of putrefactive processes, which will lead in the near future to the complete destruction of the entire structure.

Photo: improper storage of timber in a stack.

How to deal with the atmospheric influences on wood material

The condition of the wood directly depends on natural conditions, in which it is located. Ultraviolet radiation and moisture destroy the wood structure, changing its shade and density. Biological agents and insects destroy the strength characteristics of the material. Wood is both food and home for wood-boring beetles. They, being in the structure of the tree, destroy its strength, making many holes (passages) in it. Precipitation and temperature changes lead to rotting of wood. The first signs of putrefactive processes in wooden material are the formation of fungi and mold on its surface.

To provide the wood with proper and reliable protection, it must be periodically treated with protective compounds. Antiseptics are the best way to combat the appearance of microorganisms and insects. And to prevent moisture from penetrating into the wood structure, film-forming, water-repellent compounds should be used: varnishes, paints, etc.

On modern construction market available large number complex means. They perform a protective function, thanks to the fungicides included in the composition, and a decorative one.

Expert opinions on protecting wood from biological agents

Yaroslavl decorative antiseptic PREMIUM will help protect wood from biological agents and various insects. This product has a lot of positive feedback among developers and builders. It is intended to provide protection for wood from atmospheric agents and biological contamination for 7 years, as well as for decorative finishing. It also prevents the influence of sunlight on wooden material, trapping ultraviolet radiation in the outer layer. You can use PREMIA decorative antiseptic both inside and outside the room.

It has an environmentally friendly composition with minimal solvent content. It contains highly effective fungicides that protect wood from blue staining, fungus, mold, and wood-boring beetles. They are also capable of eliminating damage to the material that has already begun by biological agents.

This product can also improve the decorative characteristics of a wooden material, giving it, after application, the shade of any type of wood, thanks to the alkyd varnish and pigments included in the composition. Antiseptic PREMIA emphasizes the structure of wood and tints it uniformly. This composition is easy to apply, absorbs well into the structure of the material and dries quickly (24 hours after application). After processing, a breathable coating is formed on the surface of the wooden material, through which you can see the pattern of the unique structure of the wood.

One of the best decorative and at the same time antiseptic agents intended for treating log houses, bathhouses and other wooden structures is decorative Bystrolak from the Yaroslavl Paints company. The basis of its safe and economical composition is alkyd varnish, pigments, and fungicides. It can be used for exterior work (painting benches, fences, window frames etc.) and indoors (apply to doors, walls, furniture).

The resulting layer of varnish dries very quickly; at an air temperature of +20, it may take only 5 hours. Bystrolak is resistant to negative impact atmospheric phenomena. He is not afraid of sunlight, precipitation, or temperature changes. After applying Bystrolak, the surface of the wood acquires a beautiful, glossy shine. And the structure of the material under the resulting layer is not hidden, but emphasized and stands out favorably. There are 9 shades in the palette of this product that imitate various types of wood (ash, rosewood, golden oak, walnut, pine, Oregon, mahogany, teak, rowan).

There are many protective decorative compounds for finishing coating and ensuring protection of wooden structures. But they all have either a high cost or low quality. I consider Neomid Biocolor Ultra to be the best product in terms of quality and price. This domestic company has been proven over the years; consumers value the products for their environmental friendliness and effectiveness.

Biocolor Ultra is made on an alkyd base. It provides wooden material reliable protection against weather conditions, cracking, mold, rot, and insects. It contains microwax, which provides elasticity to the resulting coating and additional waterproof characteristics. This decorative product protects wood from sunlight and prevents it from fading, thanks to the presence of a UV filter in the composition.

Biocolor Ultra can be used indoors and outdoors. It does not affect the structure of the wood, it only emphasizes its beauty. Easily applied to a wooden surface, a semi-glossy, translucent layer is formed. The color palette of the decorative composition consists of 9 shades, including colorless. But it can be tinted with special pastes.