The most popular and time-tested type of gate is the swing gate. They fit perfectly into any terrain - summer cottage plot, cottages, huge private areas and more. Their prevalence is ensured simple installation and reliability.
Advantages and Disadvantages
Most consumers choose the swing gate type for a reason. There are several main advantages of such products. First of all, they have simple design, which means the service life will be long.
Also, the gates are universal - they can be installed on industrial enterprise, and to the office building, private plot and other premises.
Separately, it is worth mentioning the varying width of the gate - a large gate will easily cover a huge opening. And finally, beautiful swing gates will decorate your site and make it more attractive.
The most noticeable inconvenience of using the products is the large amount of space in the opening areas. Also, this place will have to be cleaned of dirt even during snowfall.
Varieties
For many years, the operating principle of swing gates has not changed. The only thing is that other materials are used, such as corrugated sheets and polycarbonate. The mechanism and drive for swing gates are also being improved - to at the moment, this is a whole automated complex that makes it much easier to use.
Depending on the design of this system, the product can be bisexual or combined, with an additional gate. Last type can be found in the garage, warehouse.
The design also divides swing gates into two types - one-way and two-way. The former are decorated only from the street side, and the latter, most often, are made by artistic forging.
How to choose material?
To choose what the gate will be made of, you need to determine its purpose, architectural direction and design. It’s worth saying right away that wooden and metal products are created in the same way - the only difference is in further characteristics. A few recommendations on how to choose the right covering.
For example, for automation it is better to choose a lightweight material, like polycarbonate - then they will open and close well. For wood, choose oak - it is the most durable species.
A combination of metal and wood composite will also look good. Gates made of wood with forged inserts will look very unusual. Photos of swing gates will be shown various ways execution.
How to install it yourself?
How to make and install swing gates with your own hands is a popular question for those who have acquired a summer cottage. In general, this is not a difficult matter, but it is worth taking seriously. First of all, prepare a drawing. All dimensions and main elements must be determined there.
Consider all factors for correct selection valves To strengthen them, you can install several diagonal and transverse crossbars.
Gate installation begins with the installation of support posts. They should be chosen in advance - they can be pipes, wooden beams, brick pillars.
The metal product must be cleaned of corrosion, painted, and installed in the ground to a depth of 80 centimeters. We strengthen it with reinforcement, level it and fill it with a solution of cement, sand and crushed stone.
Next you need to make the frame. We recommend using metal frame with polycarbonate or corrugated sheets. Using the dimensions in the drawings, it is necessary to weld, check the seams, and then sheathe with the selected material. In general, you can install and use.
To improve, select automation for your swing gates. There are two types of these - with linear and lever drive.
The first type shortens and lengthens the rod, and the second is made of a lever and a movable joint. The linear drive is most widespread due to its simple design, reliability and low price.
Lever mechanisms are less resistant to strong winds, and may open due to their influence.
Photo of swing gates
Wondering how to decorate a fence or garage gate? This article is for you. In it we will try to talk about all the options for decorating swing, sliding and sectional models made of metal, corrugated board, wood and other materials.
Popular ways to decorate gates
There are various ways to decorate a gate. Let's consider the most popular and accessible methods.
Artistic forging
Unique products self made- an excellent option to decorate gates made of corrugated sheets, steel sheets and wood.
Photo No. 1: steel gates decorated with forged elements
Do you have blacksmithing skills and the necessary equipment? Great. You can do everything yourself.
Otherwise, contact specialized workshops. You can easily buy or order: ruffles, rings, peaks, curls, solid ornaments, ready-made inserts, original grilles, fantasy compositions, hinges, stripes, fittings, etc. After this, all that remains is to secure the purchased accessories to the gate using the most appropriate method.
Photo No. 2: wooden gates with forged parts
Original accessories
In specialized stores you will find various accessories for decoration. Popular:
- mailboxes;
- lanterns;
- numbers and letters for designing license plates;
- pillar caps;
- stamped and cast figures and overlays.
Image No. 1: Manufacturers produce a wide range of interesting accessories
For example, gates with lion heads, griffins or dragons will look great.
Drawings
Suitable for decorating wooden and steel gates. Drawings and graffiti will look great on both flat and shaped surfaces. If you have talent, you will realize any design idea.
To decorate the gate at your dacha, give preference to compositions that are not too provocative. This way you will avoid the sidelong glances of your neighbors. For example, animals, landscapes, cartoon characters and abstract patterns are suitable.
Photo No. 4: sliding gates from corrugated sheets with a pattern
How to Decorate a Garage Door
How to decorate a garage door, you ask? There are two great ways: drawings/graffiti and 3D stickers.
Here the scope for creativity is practically unlimited. Before you decorate garage doors with your own hands, you will have to thoroughly clean and treat the sashes.
A 3D sticker is the perfect way to decorate your garage door as quickly as possible. However, the products offered by manufacturers are not suitable for outdated swing structures. 3D gate stickers, characterized by increased abrasion resistance, are attached to sectional and roller models.
Photo #5: 3D sticker
Manufacturers offer a wide range of design solutions.
Photo #6: 3D sticker
Sectional garage doors with a sticker will remain presentable appearance for a long time.
How to decorate wooden gates
To decorate wooden gates and get the most attractive design possible, use one of two methods.
Pergolas
Massive arches and canopies perfectly complement wooden structures.
Photo No. 7: wooden gate with pergola
Thread
Carving is traditional method decoration, used since ancient times. If you try, you will get a very impressive design.
Photo No. 8: carved wooden gate
For decoration you will need special knives, chisels, saws, abrasives and electric grinding tools. For finishing protective and decorative coatings (varnishes, impregnations, etc.) are needed.
How to decorate an old gate
Before decorating an old gate, think several times whether it is worth spending energy, time and money on a structure that will quickly become unusable. The only more or less acceptable options are painting and drawings, but in most cases these methods are not justified.
It’s better to install a metal sliding gate or other new structure, and only then start decorating with one or more of the methods listed above.
Approaching a country house, first of all, guests see the gate and gate. That is why it is quite important to choose not only high-quality and functional designs, but also attractive ones. Before purchasing gates for your home in a store, you need to take into account what exactly these products are and what you should pay attention to during the purchase.
There are a number of gates for a private house
Features of the fence
After a plot of land outside the city has been acquired, the first thing to do is to fence it off from prying eyes. As a rule, either brick, or lattice, or structures made of profile sheets are used for this purpose. This is necessary in order to avoid thieves from entering your territory, as well as to protect the area from neighbors. Depending on the type of fence, a wicket and gate are also selected.
Difficulties may arise when purchasing gates, since they must be purchased based on the type of local terrain, the dimensions of the building itself, as well as total area territories. It is also worth taking into account the main purpose of the gate, the location of the street and the width of the roadway. If the gate is located in an inconvenient place, then over time they will need to be dismantled, and this will require additional funds. For this reason, it is best to make some kind of plan in your head in advance.
In this video you will learn more about fences for a private home:
Mainly gates for country houses are made from frame doors, their filler, moving fittings and load-bearing support pillars.
Main purpose
For private houses or summer cottages, wickets built into gates are distinguished by their universal purpose. With the help of this design, it is possible not only to enter and exit, exit and enter the yard, but also, in combination with solid fences, to protect the area from natural disasters. This is especially important in winter period times when strong cold winds negatively affect planted vegetation on the site.
If in ordinary panel buildings The entrance is considered to be doors that protect against unauthorized entry and indicate the material wealth of the owner; in a private house, this role is played directly by the gate.
Nowadays you can also find here and there wooden gates that were made about 100 years ago and have survived to this day. However, such products must be well maintained, otherwise the swing system or support will become unusable. Modern fashion suggests that such designs have long been outdated, and to replace them it is best to choose improved technological gates, but you must pay attention to the fact that they must serve faithfully for several decades.
If you spend money once, you can inherit a fenced-in summer cottage equipped for a comfortable life not only to your children, but even to your great-grandchildren.
Materials used
Gates, as a rule, consist of a high-quality welded frame, which is made from steel or profile pipes. As for the profile material, only a stainless steel type is suitable for these purposes, otherwise the structure will require regular painting. For the manufacture of gates, profile pipes are used . Other materials and production technologies:
- In the last century, at Soviet enterprises, owners of country houses ordered welded sheets that were entire works of art. This material was used only to fence off the area from the roadway. This was especially popular in the nineties.
- However, over time, when fashion and the financial condition of people change, rectangular, unattractive welded gates are replacing cast iron structures. Moreover, such products can also be called an incredible work of art. Such collars were cast by qualified specialists, and various ornaments and patterns were made in absolutely any shape and size. This technology is still relevant today, but such designs will cost a lot of money.
- Products made from profile sheets have become an alternative for many homeowners. Such designs can fit perfectly into the main fence. And if there is a desire, then they can be installed in such a way that the place for entry and entry will be invisible from afar.
- If private house and its territory is decorated with beautiful stone structures, the owners prefer to enclose the site with wrought iron or lattice gates. To create a thermal effect, they must be sheathed with polycarbonate sheets, and a seal can also be installed. In addition, polycarbonate can be used not transparent, but matte. In modern construction stores there is a large assortment of this material in absolutely any color, from the most popular to exotic shades.
- Gates made from European picket fences look quite unusual. In its production, a special technique is used: initially, sheets of metal are cut according to a special pattern, and then the resulting scraps are attached symmetrically to the guides.
Types of gates
Experienced professionals and owners beautiful gate For a private home, it is advised not to give up a gate. If you save a little money on its installation, you can create some discomfort for yourself, the main inconvenience of which will be the constant closing and opening of the gate. After all, in order to let someone in or out onto your site, you will need to open the gate. If the structure has a separate entrance, then no problems should arise.
Basically, a gate is a single-leaf door of small width that opens towards the roadway. Depending on your wishes, you can choose a lattice or solid door. If we talk about aesthetic rules, then the gate should ideally be combined with modern gates for the house. Additionally, it can be equipped with a video intercom and bell. If the dacha plot is small, then you can simply hang a knocker on the door in the form of a door knocker. Speaking about the types of gates, they are:
- Swing.
- Retractable.
- Folding.
- Lift-and-swivel.
Swing gates have their own nuances
Swing types
The former include cantilever and suspended types. Mostly, owners of country houses make a choice in favor of swing varieties. If the main goal is savings, then the most suitable option for a gate, it can be located directly in the structure itself. This must be done so that installation is not so complicated. As a rule, for such a product it is enough to use two supports. For the classic version, where the gate is placed separately from the gate, you will need another additional support post.
Loops are attached to the vertical posts. To do this, you can use two types of elements:
- Metal.
- Polymer.
The doors are hung on these loops. At this stage installation work the owner must decide in which direction the gates will open and close. If the roadway is small, then it is best to install doors that open into the territory. As a rule, this method does not cause any inconvenience to cars passing along the road and people passing by.
It is also necessary to take into account that the sashes should not have a negative impact on the hinges and frames, so when hanging it is best to use lightweight types of material. Heavy objects under their own weight can sag, tear off supports, and sometimes even cause deformation of the entire structure. To lock swinging gates, you will need to install a strong bolt, which will ensure that the doors do not sag during operation. A spring retainer will ensure the correct positioning of the blades V open form, in closed - this role is performed by the limiter.
Installation of swing gates is easy and simple. There are several methods, each of which is suitable for absolutely any owner. suburban area, regardless of his financial situation.
To increase the operating time, experts recommend organizing a good foundation. If someone decides to save money on this, then in the future repairs may be required, which will cost much more. Another disadvantage of swing gates is the need to regularly clear the space of dry leaves and snow so that you can freely open and close the gates.
Electric swing and sliding
These types of gates are able to open and close thanks to two drives. Most often, the opening is carried out towards the internal territory, so the space must always be free, otherwise damage can be caused not only to the structure itself, but also to movable property. There should be no drops or rises on the gate.
This gate has 2 drives
Sliding gates are often called sliding or sliding gates. They consist of a canvas, parallel guides, which are located below and above, as well as a roller base, which is made of metal or caprolon.
The structure moves horizontally, so changes should not be allowed under any circumstances. To securely place the roller, you will need to organize a foundation where all the filling will be installed. In order to automate the gate, it is necessary to additionally install a block.
Folding design
The mechanism of operation of folding gates is the use of several parts of a telescopic shutter, which close and open in a certain order. Expensive varieties of such structures can only be installed in cases where they enclose a small area where it would simply be impossible to use other options.
Cheap folding gates look somewhat like an accordion, where aluminum sheets are connected using hinges, between which there is rubber, which ensures protective functions from strong gusts of wind. These canvases move along special guides. Free space For the normal functioning of this type of gate, less is needed when compared with the swinging type.
Additionally, such structures can be equipped with small windows. It is also worth paying attention to the fact that gates may differ from each other in decor and size.
Lift-and-swivel options
As for up-and-over types of gates, such structures are installed quite rarely on the territory of private houses, since the cost of them is high. In addition, many difficulties arise during installation, so it would be more advisable to call a qualified specialist for installation. And this, in turn, will also require the investment of additional funds.
Before arranging your entrance to the site, it is necessary to prepare in advance a plan for the location of the wicket and gate. It is also worth taking into account the fact that built-in gates must have a threshold over which you will need to constantly step, and this is inconvenient.
There is no need to save your money on purchasing additional sensors if you plan to use an automatic system for closing and opening gates. For example, if there is no option for recognizing foreign objects, the mechanism will not be able to stop, which means the car can be damaged during the drive.
Very important point in the process of designing a fence for a private house or personal plot is the gate design. They solemnly welcome your guests and protect the territory from prying eyes. Modern garden gates can be aesthetically pleasing. Such structures are made tall, durable and equipped with a strong lock.
Below we will look at several examples of fence and gate designs for a private home that will inspire you to create your own unique design.
Photo: unusual gate design
Garden gates are distinguished by their robust construction. They can be made of wood or metal, often combined with concrete or stone elements. Sometimes you can find entrance area designs that combine a gate with an arch for plants or a gazebo.
Electronics or automatic systems are also an integral part of the house. They are suitable for any gate or door, regardless of size and model. In addition, you can install the remote control remote control or special blocking. You can order both gates and automation for them on the website
www.vorotasuper.ru.
Photo: metal gates with glass inserts
Recently, structures made of corrugated sheets, aluminum, picket fences and others have become increasingly popular. unusual materials. Originality lies in the fact that they try to combine materials and textures in the most unexpected way.
For example, massive stone pillars can be supplemented with light mesh. Ornate metal patterns will highlight the texture of wood. Brick or stone masonry can be combined with polycarbonate.
Aluminum gates are a practical option for arranging an entrance
Such models are affordable, lighter and do not suffer from corrosion. Despite their low weight, aluminum structures are quite strong and durable. Aluminum is not afraid of moisture and rust, and is resistant to temperature changes, rain, wind and sun. It is environmentally friendly and requires virtually no special maintenance. Thanks to the galvanized coating, these gates will serve you for a very long time. The main material is hidden with the help of decorative overlays.
Emphasize your own style, taste and individuality with gates
You can build a simple and banal fence and completely transform the space around you. Modern techniques will allow you to realize the most unusual and bold ideas into reality. For example, you can decorate the surface of the gate, turning part of the fence into a real art object.
Another winning solution is to place a creative lantern on each post. They can also be replaced with unusual homemade bird feeders. It will look original and beautiful.
Gates should not only be practical, but also aesthetically attractive
Electric sliding gates
Photo: wrought iron fences and gates
Pictures of forged gates for a private house
Stylish gate design for a private home
The combination of different shapes and textures looks attractive
If theater begins with a hanger, then country house- from the gate and from the wicket. Therefore, it is very important to install not only functional and practical products, but also beautiful ones. But before you go to the store, you need to study this issue thoroughly.
Design Features
After a piece of land has been purchased, the first thing to do is fence it off. Not only future country estates are fenced off, but also summer cottages. For this purpose, either brick, lattice, or corrugated fences are used. This is done in order to prevent the theft of building materials and to separate from neighbors. Depending on the type of fence, a wicket and entrance gate are chosen.
The main difficulties arise when choosing gates, since they are selected based on the type of terrain, the dimensions of the house and the area of the site. The main purpose of the gate, the location of the street, and the width of the roadway are also important.
Remember, if you place the gate in an inconvenient place, you will have to dismantle it later, and this is an extra waste of money, so it is better to prepare a plan in advance.
Entrance gates in most cases consist of a frame leaf, a filler for the leaves, moving fittings and load-bearing posts.
Purpose
For private homes and cottages, gates with gates have a universal purpose. With their help, you can not only organize entry/exit and entry/exit from the territory, but also, in combination with solid fences, “insulate” the area. This is especially important to consider in winter time years when cold northern winds can negatively affect planted trees and shrubs.
If in panel houses The entrance to the house is the doors, they protect against unauthorized entry and indicate the material wealth of the owner; in the private sector, this role is assigned directly to the gates.
Some wooden structures, erected 50 and 100 years ago, have survived to this day, but they require good care, otherwise the support or swing system will become unusable. From the point of view of modern fashion, these buildings are outdated, they have been replaced by improved technological products, but it is important that they serve faithfully for several decades.
Remember, by spending once, you can inherit a livable fenced plot of land not only to your children, but also to your grandchildren and even great-grandchildren.
Materials
The design consists of a thoroughly welded frame, which is made of profile or steel pipe. Only stainless material is suitable for the profile, otherwise the product must be periodically painted. Profiled pipes are also used for the construction of gates.
In former times, welded sheets were ordered from Soviet factories; they were not works of art and were used only for fencing land plot from the roadway. This was especially true in the 90s of the last century.
But the years passed, times changed, fashion and people’s material well-being changed, rectangular, featureless welded gates were replaced by cast iron ones - this is a whole work of art. They were cast by masters of their craft; the patterns and ornaments of such gates and gates could take any shape. This technology is still in demand, but it is offered for a lot of money.
As an alternative, many owners of country houses order structures made from corrugated sheets. These gates go well with the main fence, If desired, you can install it in such a way that the entrance and entrance will not be noticeable from afar.
But if the perimeter of the house is surrounded by stone structures, then wrought iron or lattice gates are installed for beauty. To create a thermal effect, they are sheathed with polycarbonate sheets and a seal is installed. In this case, polycarbonate can be not only transparent, but also matte. In construction stores you can choose material of any color - from common shades to exotic colors.
Beautiful metal structures are obtained when using a European picket fence. For its production, special technology is used - first metal sheets cut in a special way, and then secure the resulting trimmings symmetrically on the guides.
Species
Specialists and ordinary people It is strongly recommended not to give up the wicket. By saving a little money on its installation, you can create some inconveniences for yourself, the main of which will be the constant opening and closing of the gate. After all, in order to let someone in or out of the territory, you will need to open the gate. If the fence is equipped with a separate entrance, then such difficulties will not arise.
As a rule, a separate entrance for people is a small single-leaf door opening onto the street. Depending on the preferences of the owners, it can be solid or lattice. For aesthetics, it should be combined with a central entrance for cars. It is equipped with either a bell or a video intercom; for small areas, a hanging knocker - a door knocker - is sufficient.
Gates themselves can be swinging, sliding, folding and lift-and-turn. Sliding, in turn, are divided into suspended and cantilever. Most often, swing gates are installed.
From an economic point of view, this is the most cheap option. Moreover, the gate can be mounted directly into the structure. This is done in order not to complicate the installation process. For this design, two supports are sufficient. IN classic version, in which the gate is mounted separately, additional support will be required.
Loops are welded onto the vertical supports; they can be metal or made of polymer. The sashes are hung directly on the hinges. Which direction the gate will open and close is chosen only by the owner of the site.
If the driveway is small, it is more advisable to configure the opening to the inside of the yard; this method of opening will not cause inconvenience to passing cars and passers-by.
Keep in mind that in order to ensure that the sashes do not negatively affect the hinges and frames, it is recommended to use lightweight material when sheathing them. A heavy fence can sag under its own weight, tear out supports, and in some cases even deform the fence.
To lock swinging structures, a powerful bolt is installed; it is this that ensures that the doors do not sag during operation. The spring lock ensures the correct position of the blades in the open state, and in the closed state this role is assigned to the limiter.
Mounted swing structures simple and easy. There are several options, each of which is suitable not only for wealthy people, but also for less wealthy citizens - from forged metal to gates and wickets made of corrugated sheets.
As noted earlier, The main disadvantage of this variety is considered to be the sagging of the valves, which ultimately leads to loosening of the pillars. A high-quality foundation will increase the service life. If you save on this, the repair will cost a pretty penny. Another disadvantage is the periodic clearing of the space - from snow, leaves in order to open or close the entrance.
If free space is limited, single-leaf gates are ordered; they open only on one side, respectively, double-leaf gates swing open both to the left and to the right.
Electric swing gates provide opening and closing thanks to two drives. In most cases, the opening is adjusted inside the area, so it is very important that the space is free at all times, otherwise damage will be caused not only to the metal structure, but also to movable property.
Roadbed should not have drops or rises. Because of them, the lower edge of the sashes may touch the road. When using automation, this will lead to damage to the product.
Sliding gates, which are popularly called sliding or sliding gates, have even greater requirements for surface evenness. They consist of a canvas, parallel guides installed at the bottom and top, as well as a roller base. The roller base is made of metal or caprolon.
The movement of the canvas is carried out along a horizontal line, so differences are unacceptable. To accommodate the roller base, a foundation is built where all the filling is “hidden”. A block is installed for automated operation.
For cladding metal structures, corrugated sheets or sheet metal are purchased; if desired, it is not forbidden to use wood or chain-link mesh. By the way, the chain-link mesh is additionally coated with polymer, which provides protection from precipitation, therefore No periodic painting is required.
The main advantages are compactness. For such structures, free space is not important, the wind does not exert any pressure on such gates, and there is no need to clear the entrance of snow. At the same time, in winter it is necessary to monitor the roller base.
Unfortunately, it will not be possible to plant trees and shrubs along the adjacent fence, since space is needed for the canvas.
As noted earlier, sliding gates can also be suspended or cantilevered. The least common way to install suspended gates is to weld them on top. metal beam, and canvases are hung on it. The main disadvantage is the height limiter - It’s impossible to start through such an entrance building materials on truck . If you increase the height of the supports, this will lead to an increase in cost, and the wind load will also increase.
The cantilever version does not have height restrictions; it does not require installing a roller system into the foundation. The movement is carried out thanks to cantilever blocks, or rather, a beam, which can be installed at the bottom, in the middle or on top of the canvas.
It is important to take into account the size of the frame - it is almost twice as wide as the opening. Experts note the difficulty of installing cantilever gates.
Some people mean limited space a garage is attached to the entrance, so the entrance gate does not lead to the territory of the site, but directly to the garage. And already in the garage a doorway is installed, which provides entrance to the main house. Therefore, to implement the plan, up and over gates are installed. The sash covers the entire opening, the brush seal protects from wind and precipitation. Directly lifting and closing is carried out using hinge-lever fittings.
Plastic rollers move the canvas along the guides, which are installed on the ceiling and on the sides. When the sash is fully open, it is located on the ceiling parallel to the floor. The operation of the hinge-lever mechanism is carried out thanks to the drive.
The sash itself is made of sandwich panels, which are double aluminum or steel sheets. Since this entrance leads to the territory of the house, the canvas is insulated, and polyurethane foam insulation is installed between the sheets. Its thickness should not be less than 40 cm.
For cladding, it is recommended to imitate marble, copper or a bronze base, depending on the color of the house or fence. It is not prohibited to use wood, but remember that it must be protected from precipitation and pests. By the way, profiled sheets are also used for cladding. Steel sheets are pre-coated with powder paint.
When using a lift-and-turn system, there is no dependence on the availability of free space, since the opening is carried out according to the height of the room. The gate is mounted directly into the canvas.
It is impossible not to mention the disadvantages of such gates. First of all, we are talking about weak protection against unauthorized hacking. When using poor insulation, there is a high probability of icing and there is lifting limit – no more than 10-12 times a day. When repairing, the entire sash is replaced, not part of it. Decorating such a design is difficult.
The mechanism of operation of folding gates is to use several parts of a telescopic leaf. These parts close and open sequentially.
It is most advisable to install this expensive option in cases where small area, where it is physically impossible to install other options.
Cheap versions of folding gates resemble an accordion; the aluminum leaves are connected by hinges, and rubber is laid between them, providing protection from the wind. The canvases move along special guides. This type requires less free space to operate, unlike swinging gates.
They can be single-leaf or double-leaf, they are equipped with windows. In addition, gates differ not only in opening patterns, but also in decor and dimensions.
Opening pattern
How the entrance gate opens was discussed earlier; the opening mechanism depends on the type of fittings. Conventional hinges are mounted in swing varieties, a roller base - for sliding and swing-lifting ones.
The choice of scheme will be determined by the free space, financial situation the owner and his needs. Keep in mind if it is planned to periodically deliver building materials or large objects onto the site. household appliances and massive furniture, There should be no height restrictions.
Standard sizes
When installing entrance gates and gates, they try to take into account the standard, according to which the height of the support pillars should be 3-3.5 m, the height of the gates themselves should be 1.8-2 m, the entrance width should be 3.6-4 m, and the gates should be 1- 1.2 m.
Such a restriction is not imposed on large structures, but it is important to know that the support pillars and foundation must be strengthened. Otherwise, the frame will sag and the support will be torn out, which can lead not only to damage to the fence, but also cause harm to the health of people passing by.
It is useful to know that if the adjacent road is narrow, then the doors should have different widths. For example, the widest one is used for entry and exit of personal vehicles, and the additional door opens only for the movement of heavy trucks.
Decor
In ancient merchant houses, not only the platbands and porches were decorated with carved inserts, but they were also used to decorate entrance gate and gates. Today they are trying to abandon wood; this material breaks easily, is susceptible to rotting and deterioration.
Nowadays, they try to make street entrance structures that will last forever. Paint is used to prevent rust.
Using paint work, you can change the color of gates and gates every year - today they are white, and next year they can be, for example, blue.
Forged gates and wickets are available in open and closed types. When using the first type, the entire view of the yard is in the palm of your hand, and when closed metal elements attached to the steel sheet. With the help special technology a blacksmith can create not only a family coat of arms, but also various patterns, monograms, and drawings.
Installation
First of all, as an example, we will consider the installation of swing gates and, in parallel, the installation of a single-leaf gate. Often this option is used to enter the territory.
A reasonable question arises - what tools will be needed? At first, of course, you will need a drill. This could be a country drill, a fishing ice drill, or a motor drill. The last two varieties, as a rule, do not differ large sizes, while using a motorized drill the work happens faster.
The main feature of the dacha drill is the opportunity to “increase” it. For this, a regular meter pipe with thread is used. In combination with the product itself, you can drill up to 1.5-2 m.
At the first stages, you will also need a laser rangefinder. It is important that it has an error of no more than 1.5 mm. Its replacement can be a tape measure 3-5 m long. With their help, the terrain is marked. Required dimensions gates and gates have already been indicated earlier, it is important to follow them.
But remember that if you plan to cover metal supports with bricks for subsequent stone cladding, then the dimensions of the brick must be taken into account.
It is important to prepare a wheelbarrow to remove the vacated land. The first 30-40 cm is, as a rule, a fertile layer; it can be used for its intended purpose– spread out in beds or greenhouses. Further, depending on the area, either clay or rocks will go.
If you moisten the soil a little, then drilling will not be so difficult, but pulling it out will become more difficult. The most difficult situation is with drilling stone; in some cases, a crowbar will be required to crush it.
After the first meter has been passed, you need to extend the drill and continue working. The metal pipe usually has a size of 3-3.5 m. Provided that about 2 m should protrude above the ground surface, the remaining part is immersed in the ground. It is most convenient to measure the height with a rangefinder. There should be three such holes - two for the gate and one for the wicket.
It is necessary to take into account the height groundwater. If there is clay after the fertile layer, then more crushed stone is added as drainage, and if there are rocks - sand mixture. The required amount of cement-sand composition is mixed in a concrete mixer.
Alignment is easiest to do “on line”; for this, a metal line is stretched between the fence supports, and a chain with a load is suspended directly above the hole. The load must be located exactly in the center.
A “cushion” consisting of a layer of crushed stone and a layer of sand is poured into the bottom of the pit and compacted. Profile or metal pipe– with dimensions 100x100 or with a diameter of 80-100 mm, respectively, immersed in the pit. While one person holds it, the second person pours the resulting consistency inside. If the installation is carried out by one person, then the pipe is driven into the ground using a sledgehammer. To enhance the effect, a reinforcing mesh is used.
Some builders, instead of cement, use the middle fraction of crushed stone, which is laid in layers using scrap, periodically filling with water to ensure the correct placement of the stones. To prevent the pipe from leaking, it is important to support it.
If used profile pipe, then its upper part must be closed plastic stopper, but before that, cement is poured inside the profile. The plastic plug provides protection from precipitation; as a result, in the summer the metal will not begin to rust from the inside, and in the winter the water in the pipe will not freeze, which means the profile will not burst.
While the cement-sand mixture hardens, so as not to waste time, cut metal profile with dimensions 40x25 for two leaves and a gate. Keep in mind that for maximum fixation and to add strength to the metal structure, stiffening ribs are installed - for this it is enough to weld a diagonal guide. For cutting metal profiles, an angular angle is used grinding machine, popularly called “Bulgarian”, and for welding work- special apparatus.
Corners are welded to the metal supports, and hinges are welded to them and to the frame. Don't forget to consider minimum distance from the ground - the frame should not sag or touch the surface. After complete drying concrete mixture All that remains is to hang the canvases. Sheets of corrugated board, a picket fence or other decorative element are mounted directly to the frame. If you plan to decorate metal columns with brickwork, then the hinge elements are mounted directly into the brick.
Installation of corrugated sheets is carried out using a screwdriver, special screws, matched to the color of the sheets, as well as using a riveter. There are two types of riveter - pistol-shaped and two-handed. The second, by the way, is more convenient to perform this operation. The place for the rivets is pre-drilled; a screwdriver or electric drill is suitable for this. The rivet firmly fixes the corrugated sheet with the metal profile, making it impossible to dismantle the gate or wicket without damaging the product.
The location of the hinges determines where the gate will open - either into the yard or onto the street. Remember that if the roadway is narrow or vehicles periodically park on it, then it is best to open it inward.
A powerful bolt is installed to close the doors; it has a positive effect on the structure, thanks to which the frame will not sag during operation.
The spring retainer and limiter help correct position gate in open and closed state.
A lock is cut into the gate, and a ring for the latch is additionally welded onto the support. All that remains is to equip the gate with a peephole or a video intercom. To strengthen the structure An additional metal beam can be welded on top.
Otherwise, a mobile structure is installed. Since the movement is carried out on rollers, a special rail or metal profile is installed on the surface, and the gate is equipped with a roller base and fixing brackets on top.
Keep in mind that the canvas moving to the side should not have additional obstacles. All buildings, bushes and trees must be removed or dismantled in advance.
To strengthen the structure and to protect against strong winds, it is poured under the wicket and under the gate. strip foundation. To do this, dig a trench using a shovel with a rounded blade along the entire length of the structure and additionally take into account a margin of 30 cm on each side. The width of the trench should not be less than 40 cm, and you will need to dig 150 cm in depth.
Pits are prepared for metal supports. The drilling procedure has already been described earlier, so there is no point in repeating it. A layer of sand is placed at the bottom of the trench, and then it is spilled with water. Pillars are inserted into the prepared holes; to fix them, before concreting, the holes are filled with construction waste - bricks, remnants of tiles or stones.
After which the reinforcement is welded to metal poles for tying them. Experts recommend using three rows of 12 mm reinforcement, each subsequent row is attached above the previous one. The ends of the reinforcement should protrude by 20-22 cm, for this purpose a trench was dug with a reserve. The last row should be located at least 10-13 cm below the ground surface.
The foundation is poured into pre-assembled formwork. In order to save money, you can refuse it. The choice is up to the owner country house. Direct filling can be done with or without interruptions. The first option is used for the durability of the foundation. Before pouring, a channel is installed; it must be located in the same plane as the base. Surface evenness is measured using a building level, Ideally, the foundation should not have any differences.
If time permits, then the gate supports are made of concrete or brick. You should know that concrete hardens within a month. It is important to use steel mortgages when constructing brick or concrete pillars - three elements are enough for one support.
While the foundation is drying, it is necessary to make a metal frame from a profile on which it will be attached in the future. facing material, And support frame. Cutting and cleaning of metal profiles is carried out using a grinder.
It is important to observe safety precautions when working with it - use safety glasses, gloves and uniform.
The location of the frame will depend on the use of one sash or two, as well as on further sheathing. If you plan to sheathe only the front part, then the pipes are moved to the edges, and if on both sides, they are located in the middle.
Keep in mind that All metal parts needs to be degreased. To do this, a solvent is used, followed by a primer. After waiting for it to dry, a rail, previously purchased at the store, is welded at the bottom of the supporting frame.
Experts advise welding the guide rail, as well as the pipes, in a staggered manner. When welding crosswise, there is no support frame, otherwise the consequences can be disastrous. The seams are cleaned with an angle grinder and then re-coated with primer. When the primer has dried, you can paint the product, preferably in two layers. From an aesthetic point of view, the paint should be matched to the color of the main fence.
Paneling is perfect for cladding. Paneled gates are anti-vandal, can be used in all weather conditions, do not require maintenance, and will last for more than 30 years. They are fastened using a riveter or using a welding machine.
The next step is to install the structure. To do this, carriages are placed on the channel; they must be moved apart as much as possible. In this case, it is important to take into account the size of the roller - the carriage should not be adjacent to the opening, the indentation should be at least 15-17 cm. The procedure is performed on both sides.
Subsequently, the frame is put on the carriages. If its position is level, it is welded to the channel, and it is important to periodically check the levelness using a building level. As a result, the carriage platform is completely welded.
The next step is to weld the top roller. First it is welded to the lower catcher, and later to the upper one. The catchers themselves are attached to metal supports, and if used concrete pillars- to mortgages.
Mechanisms of this kind can fail in the winter season, unlike cantilever gates. They do not require insulation, since they do not contact the ground guides. They do not require a height limiter, and One support is enough, which significantly saves time during installation.
The entire installation procedure described earlier is also suitable for this type, only the guide beam is attached to the frame itself from below. A roller base is mounted inside this beam. Folding and up-and-over gates are installed very rarely in the private sector due to the high cost and complexity of installation, so it is not advisable to dwell on this in more detail.
But it should be remembered that for a tight fit of the sash it is necessary to use a rubber seal.
Automation
Often, sliding gates are equipped with automation. The automatic opening of swing gates is carried out thanks to two mechanisms - a linear and a lever drive. A linear electric drive somewhat resembles an oblong box. The operation of the mechanism is not difficult, reliability guarantees trouble-free service life.
Inside the box there is a long screw that facilitates the operation of the gearbox. As a result, the canvas either opens or closes. The body itself is made of high-quality metal, which must be painted. As paint ideal option is powder coating. Unfortunately, other varieties quickly become unusable under the influence of precipitation.
The power of the linear drive depends on the dimensions and weight of the gate - the higher it is, the more powerful the electric motor should be.
The motor is mounted on a support. If the pillar is brickwork, then you first need to remove several bricks from it. In order for the box to fit inside the support, experts advise mounting the movable beam approximately in the center of the canvas.
It is very important to keep in mind that all wiring must be connected in advance and “walled up” in plastic tubes. They protect from moisture and insects. You can lay it on top of the communications paving slabs. Fixing the ends of plastic tubes to brickwork carried out using special brackets.
The connection must be made according to the instructions. For many models, the connection principle may differ. Under no circumstances should this work be carried out in rain or snow, this can lead to damage. electric shock. It is important to take into account the stop when setting up, if, of course, you plan to install it.
A lever motor gets its name from its two levers. The gearbox is installed directly in the housing. One end of the lever is connected to the motor, and the other to the sash. This mechanism allows you to open the gate into the yard, regardless of the width of the supports.
Drives should be placed higher than the roof of the car if they interfere with passage, otherwise both the car and the product itself can be damaged.
From an aesthetic point of view, the owners of country houses are striving. It is concreted into the ground, only a lever protrudes from the outside.
As for the configuration, the product consists of two electric drives and a control unit. Actuators are mounted left and right, and some manufacturers add a warning light, radio, antenna and photocells. They are designed so that the gate leaves do not accidentally crush pets, children or elderly people who did not have time to enter and exit within the proposed time limit. As for the signal lamp, it warns pedestrians that the gate is about to open.
Keep in mind that before you go to a hardware store, you need to take measurements not only of the canvas, but also of the support, photograph the gate in general and the hinges in particular, as well as the method of their fastening.
Sliding gates are most often equipped with automatic drives that have a gear, which is what drives the mechanism. A toothed guide is fixed on the canvas itself, which moves the gate left and right.
The installation of this system is not much different from that described earlier; the drives of the recoil system, which even have a power of 550-600 N/m, are also supplied with photocells, but the speed of movement must be adjusted taking into account force majeure situations. Many products are equipped with a “gate” function - the door opens a short distance, sufficient for a person to enter and exit.
Electric motors are capable of moving gates weighing up to 2000 kg. Of course, such drives cost much more than those suitable for domestic use. But if the main focus is on security and protection against hacking, then there is no need to save in this matter.
The choice of product will also be influenced by the frequency of opening and closing. Cheapest options from frequent use will be turned off automatically, otherwise the product will simply fail.
Remember that the movement of the valves is affected weather conditions. At low temperature, especially in the winter season, friction can increase, so it is very important to make adjustments based on this.
Necessary take care of backup power in advance. Although some models are equipped with rechargeable batteries, power from a generator will not be superfluous. Automatic opening modes were discussed above, but most often in suburban villages semi-automatic modes are implemented - from the remote control.
Control panel
In this case, opening is realized not by relative proximity to the gate, but by a button. There are two types of remote controls - with a floating and a fixed code. A control panel with a locking code has in its memory a certain combination of frequencies that is responsible for a particular action. Taking into account the modern technological world, this is bad, since today not only homes, but also cars, but even people’s pockets are crammed with electronics. If the combination matches, the doors will automatically open, and any stranger will be able to enter the territory of the country house.
A partial way out of the situation would be to reprogram the remote control, but no one can guarantee that the signal will not be picked up, because, for example, a neighbor could tomorrow buy a lamp powered by a remote control and accidentally open the reprogrammed gate. But an accidental discovery is not so bad; it’s much worse when the attackers specifically read the code and, after the owners leave, get inside not only the yard, but also the house.
Rolling code remotes have several hundred thousand and sometimes millions of combinations. They are never repeated. The system is programmed in such a way that when it recognizes a signal, it opens or closes the gate. If the signal does not match the queue, then no action will be taken. The probability of codes matching with alternative remote controls is relatively low.
Receiving equipment sold in stores can work with both remote controls of the first type and the second. It is mounted according to the instructions in relative proximity to the gate leaves. The range allows you to open the gate in advance, which will ensure free entry into the territory.
Before arranging the central entrance and entrance, it is necessary to think in advance about the location of the gate, whether it will be built into the gate or separate. Keep in mind that the built-in options have a threshold that you will need to constantly cross. This may be difficult for small children or older people.
There is no need to skimp on additional sensors when using automatic system opening. For example, without the option to detect foreign objects, the mechanism will not stop, which means that there may be damage to the car, the device, and there is a high probability of harm to humans.
It would be useful to have both sound and lighting accompaniment. This is especially important to consider on poorly lit streets. If the swing gates are opened, moving vehicles may enter the structure.
When there is a power outage, the mechanism must be locked and unlocked. Otherwise, you won’t be able to get inside, and if the light was turned off at the moment of opening, then the gate will remain open, which is fraught with unauthorized entry by intruders. In this case, do not forget about the alarm. She will warn about hacking attempts.
Swinging gates open and close faster. The operating speed of retractables is usually 20 percent lower. But sliding ones take up less space; their doors are completely hidden along the fence.
Blind gates and gates can hide interior decoration from strangers, but their decor will not have a zest, unlike open options - forged or carved. Lattice structures, in turn, are the lightest, which has a beneficial effect on the support pillars. Folding types are more suitable when combining the entrance directly to the garage. Well, which of them to choose is the right of the owner of a private house.
Beautiful examples
This section will present unusual options gates and wickets. Remember that even cheap structures can be decorated in such a way that all the neighbors will be jealous; all you need to do is use 3D stickers.
To learn how to make a gate with a wicket with your own hands, see the following video.