Every person wants to build their own own house, but even if there land plot or the opportunity to acquire it relatively inexpensively, many consider this a pipe dream. But in vain!
Construction of a 3-room individual residential building "turnkey" for little money- this is real!!!
So, how is it anyway build the cheapest house?
Three main indicators influence the cost of building a residential building:
Architectural and planning solution.
The layout of the house should be compact, functional, modern and as convenient as possible. (Save up to 20%)
constructive solution.
The constructive solution should be simple, rational and without architectural excesses. (Saving up to 10%)
Applied material and work.
Building materials must be modern, and work must be high-tech. (Saving up to 40%)
The project of the cheapest residential building with an increase of up to 6 rooms.
We propose to consider together the project of a residential building, which will help solve the main problem - this is to significantly reduce its cost during construction.
Simple constructive solution, using modern construction technologies, allows a significant amount of work to be done independently. As the saying goes: “It’s not the gods who burn pots,” but even when hired workers are used, the house that will be discussed is built by a team of 2 people, which slightly increases its cost.
All of the above reduces the cost of building a house by almost half.
In addition, over time, such a house, if desired, can be transformed (enlarged) to 4, 5 or 6 rooms, while not violating the main functional planning solutions.
The cost of building a house depends on total area, therefore, despite the small size of the house (6 x 9m), it houses three living rooms, and the area of the living room (in which we spend most of the time) is 25.75 sq.m.
Let's look at the process of building the cheapest house in more detail.
Architectural and planning solution
The main principle of planning solutions for all residential buildings is based on the minimum ratio of the total area to the usable area, while the layout should be modern and comfortable for living, in other words, you need to extract maximum amenities from the total area.
The total area of this 3 room house is only 54 sq.m.! However, the useful area, which includes all living rooms, a kitchen, a bathroom, an entrance hall, is 52 sq.m. or 96.3% of the total area, while in ordinary houses and apartments this figure ranges from 70%.
Yes, in this house the vestibule is combined with the hallway, but since it is warm, which is acceptable for any climatic zone of Russia.
There is not a single pantry in the house, but on personal plot you will eventually have a garage, households. building or sauna, which will fill this gap.
A combined bathroom for apartments is an undesirable thing, however, in a private house it is possible, because. at the host buildings you will also have a bathroom
The project of such a residential building is considered in more detail in this article. In the same place, you can also download a project of a residential building for free, or rather, its planning and architectural solutions.
Structural solution
A simple constructive solution of the house allows you to further reduce construction costs.
- The width of the house is 6 m clean - which is quite normal for the ceiling and does not require the construction of an additional main wall (respectively, the foundation and basement).
- The planning solution of the combined living room according to generally accepted traditional world standards (in Russia it was a room) allows you to save on the absence of partitions and doors between the dining room kitchen and the hall.
- The width of the walls of the house is 30 cm (heat resistance, depending on the climatic zone, is regulated when facing with "siding" the thickness of the additional insulation), respectively, the width of the basement is reduced to 25 cm, i.e. into brick.
- All partitions in the house are plasterboard, which does not require additional foundations for them, and they are made using a simplified technology (more details in the working draft).
- The roof is gable, without architectural and structural excesses.
The appearance of the cheap house- option number 1
Appearance of the cheapest house with the option of transformation (increasing the area)
The exterior of the cheapest house - option number 2
The appearance of the cheapest house with the option of transformation - option number 2
Work and building materials
Everyone knows that the "lion's share" in the cost of building a house is the cost of work (about 50%), so it is necessary to use modern high-tech materials. Why?
This will allow almost 90% of the work to be done independently (because all new technologies are designed for the layman) and save a significant part of the money.
Moreover, you can spend money (on building materials) as they become available. But if they are available or you managed to get a loan, then you can build this house yourself (you and an assistant).
Of course, when performing certain types of work, you cannot do without specialists, but as already mentioned, this will be approximately 10%.
Basic building materials and their cost (on average in Russia)
- Foundations - monolithic reinforced concrete - 35000r.
- Plinth and concrete blind area – brickwork in 1 brick (250mm) - 12000r.
- Walls (300mm) - foam concrete, aerated concrete, gas silicate, etc. - 43700r.
- Exterior wall cladding vinyl siding with insulation and crate - 26520r.
- Roofing and ceiling - wooden trusses coated with a metal profile along the crate, insulation, vapor barrier, plasterboard - 54250r.
- Windows - metal-plastic with installation - 30100r.
- Partitions, door blocks and interior decoration - GKL (gypsum boards) with sound insulation, wallpapering, plastic panels - 28500r.
- Floors - concrete preparation, laminate, carpet and ceramic tile- 29430r.
- Water supply and sewerage - plumbing equipment, PVC pipes - 10000r.
- Heating - wall-mounted double-circuit boiler; plastic pipes for hot water supply and heating, aluminum radiators - 45500r.
- Electricity supply - 11000 rub.
TOTAL: 315000r. Including contingencies (10% of total amount) the total cost of building materials is 347000 R.
IMPORTANT! The above prices for the construction of a residential building were calculated in 2010 and are not relevant today. The information provided will be updated shortly.
Schedule of construction work (team of 2 people)
- Foundation installation - 3 days
- Construction of the basement and draft floors - 3 days
- External wall laying - 5 days
- Production, installation of trusses, roofing - 3 days
- Installation of door and window blocks in the outer walls - 1 day
- Facing with siding - 3 days
- Installation of electrical wiring - 1 day
- Facing bearing walls and ceiling lining drywall sheets- 2 days
- Installation of partitions - 2 days
- Puttying seams - 1 day
- Wallpapering - 2 days
- Installation of door blocks - 1 day
- Floor installation - 3 days
- Internal device engineering networks and installation of plumbing fixtures - 3 days
Total 32 working days.
Taking into account unforeseen work, the construction time is 1.5 months.
Conclusion:
Total: the total cost of building the cheapest house will be 350 tr.
But even if we use fully hired labor, the cost of the house will increase slightly, i.e. exactly for a month and a half salary of 2 workers, which in the end will be much lower than the cost of a similar 3-room apartment.
Make yourself respect - make the dream a reality!
IMPORTANT!
This material is posted on the site for informational and educational purposes.
The design organization is not engaged in the construction of residential buildings.
Buy finished house few can afford, and it is difficult to find a suitable layout for themselves. At the same time there is an option construction personal property for own project. Modern industry provides a lot of unique materials that can contribute to the realization of any individual ideas.
Yet most landowners are wondering if what is cheaper to build a house and how not to lose in the quality and reliability of the entire structure. Let's try to figure out the choice of the optimal project and materials for the organization construction.
Project selection: main criteria
The main goal is to build a dwelling for which the average resident of the country will have enough money. It makes no sense to plan a room with the possibility of subsequent expansion or extension - no need to waste years on a grueling series of reconstruction works. Much smarter from the start build more modestly, but more efficiently, only in this way it will be possible to get the maximum pleasure from living in a personal "apartment".
Among low-rise housing, projects of one- and two-story buildings are very popular, sometimes with attic floor. The main criterion for choosing a technology construction is the price per 1 m². Consider, which house is cheaper to build of the most common materials:
- brick;
- gas blocks;
- beam.
Another popular construction method is frame. It should be noted that the material for the walls is not the main indicator that affects the final cost when construction.
When making a budget taken into account:
- the entire structure and thermal insulation must comply with all heat saving standards;
- the project must be efficient in terms of economy and labor costs;
- the design of the foundation must be optimally calculated for the soil and the selected material.
When compiling approximate estimate Let's accept as a fact such indicators:
- level ground water is at the level of 2.5 m;
- freezing depth - 1.5 m;
- the soil is homogeneous sandy loam with the presence of clay less than 10%.
Materials and structural elements will be calculated for a one-story building with an attic residential floor.
Available options: what is cheaper to build a private house
Let us first clarify that the room is intended for year round living, which is especially important for calculating the price per 1 sq. meter for frame or block construction. For all the materials listed above, from which the walls are made, ideal pile-grillage foundation.
Brick walls
This option is recognized one of the most effective in terms of the ratio of labor costs and financial investments. The construction is based on single-layer walls made of porous ceramic bricks, for example, Porotherm 44 M-100. The calculation below shows an answer to the question, which house is cheaper to build, and basic materials for the implementation of the process.
AT cost per square meter includes:
- brick - 20 pieces - 1790 rubles;
- masonry mortar - 26 liters - 60 rubles;
- plaster - 280 rubles.
The total amount without taking into account the work - 2330 rub. If you plan to use the labor of hired workers, then about 1000 rubles should be added to the announced figure.
Walls made of aerated concrete blocks
A worthy alternative to traditional brick can be a block of aerated concrete. Its manufacturing technology allows achieving amazing characteristics: light weight, low thermal conductivity and excellent sound insulation. A small load on the foundation makes it possible to reduce the cost of its arrangement.
In all respects, aerated concrete block D500 400 mm thick exactly the material What is the cheapest way to build your own house?, which is confirmed by the calculations:
- blocks - 7 pieces - 1076 rubles;
- masonry glue - 10.5 kg - 85 rubles;
- reinforced concrete anchor, mesh - 220 rubles;
- support belt for Mauerlat made of reinforced concrete - 200 rubles;
- columns of a monolithic frame made of reinforced concrete - 120 rubles;
- plaster - 280 rubles.
Price per 1 square meter walls from block D500 excluding work - about 2000 rub. Here it should be borne in mind that this option has a larger amount of labor, therefore when using hired labor, the price will increase by an amount in the range of 1300-1600 rubles.
Timber walls
This type of construction made of natural material in terms of heat-saving characteristics is practically a standard in comparison with the above walls. For example, a spruce wall with a thermal conductivity of 0.16 W / (m * C) and a thickness of 220 mm will correspond in terms of brick parameters only when the thickness of the masonry is at least 600 mm. Therefore, to meet the question of which house is cheaper to build, you need to consider a more economical option than brick. It is based on the use of 200 mm timber, 100 mm insulation and 20 mm plaster.
Exemplary cost of 1 square meter wooden beam walls:
- timber 200x200x6000 mm - 0.8 pcs. - 1416 rubles;
- insulation (mineral wool and vapor barrier) - 0.1 cubic meters. m - 400 rubles;
- plaster - 70 rubles.
The total amount is approx. 1900 rub., when using hired labor workers will have to pay another 1700-1800 rubles.
This option is perfect for building a small cozy house in the mountains for a family vacation and skiing or spending a romantic evening by the fireplace.
frame structure
The essence of this technology is to use wooden frame, thermal insulation and cladding (softboard). For the construction of the frame is necessary dry planed timber 150x50x6000 mm. Calculation of materials for construction 1 square meter wall from the following materials:
- timber - 0.05 cu. m - 375 rubles;
- insulation, waterproofing, vapor barrier - 270 rubles;
- softboard - 230 rubles.
Total amount - 875 rub., for the work you should pay about 1500-1700 rubles.
Final review: which house is cheaper to build and why
According to the results of the calculations, wooden beam is the most expensive material. most affordable price and time construction should be recognized frame structure . However, it is impossible to make a hasty conclusion that a dwelling made of timber will cost more than all the above options.
Here it is necessary to take into account wall thickness - the larger it is, the wider the foundation should be. If we take into account that a pile-grillage foundation was chosen in absentia, then the width of the grillage for stone walls should be wider than for a timber structure. Based on this, it must be said that the total cost of all buildings will be in the same price range.
Where else can you save
Firstly before you think what is cheaper to build Vacation home for all-season living, you need to decide on dimensions. Naturally, the smaller the dimensions of the room, the lower the costs.
Secondly, the overall construction estimate is greatly influenced by foundation design and its optimal calculation. Therefore, it is better to turn to professionals who can accurately determine the planned loads and calculate the best option.
Thirdly – the simpler the cheaper. That is, complex roofs, bay windows, balconies - all this significantly increases the total amount for their implementation.
Before deciding on independent work over the construction, all the nuances should be taken into account: the presence of certain experience, free time and, of course, necessary tool. Perhaps, having soberly assessed your abilities, the best option would be to hire experienced craftsmen. In this case, the above calculations will also come in handy - they will help you negotiate more productively with any builders.
Construction country house- a complex and responsible process that requires considerable investment and a detailed approach to the choice of materials for the construction of the foundation, roof, load-bearing walls. It is worth being prepared for the fact that from 25 to 50% of the total budget will go only to the “box” and walls. That's why it's so important to choose right stuff. We will tell you how to do this in this article.
What is better to build a cottage for permanent residence
When choosing building materials for the construction of walls, at least three criteria should be considered:
1. Price
To reduce costs, it is better to select options with a minimum weight - it will turn out to significantly save on the installation of the foundation, since it is selected based on the calculation of the resulting weight load-bearing structures. The light weight of the walls allows you to opt for a lightweight foundation, for example, pile or block.
2. Thermal insulation performance
Not all wall materials hold heat well. Cold walls in the autumn-winter period will require high costs for space heating. It is for this reason that it is important to make accurate calculations of the thickness of the walls and their thermal conductivity, taking into account the climatic conditions of the region where the country house is being built.
The optimal level of thermal insulation can be achieved through the use of an additional layer of insulation. Or consider a more effective, in this regard, wall building material. For example, gas silicate - houses built from it, as a rule, do not require the use of heaters.
3. Time costs
Cottages and dachas are built fastest of all from gas silicate blocks and "frameworks", longer - from brick and timber that has not passed technical drying.
Let us consider in more detail the main building materials used in the construction country houses for permanent residence.
Ceramic brick - a classic of suburban housing construction
Visual feature - red or Orange color. It is made from fired clay, has impressive characteristics in terms of wear resistance, strength and durability.
This is one of the most highly environmentally friendly materials. Not afraid of high and low temperatures, as well as their differences. Does not break down under impact sunlight, rain and snow.
There are two main types of bricks on the market: hollow and solid. For hollow - up to 50% of voids is typical, for full-bodied - this figure should not exceed 13%.
Also, bricks differ in the shape of voids, and their number. As a rule, the more voids they have, the higher their thermal insulation qualities.
Silicate brick - affordable price, convenient size, high quality
It is distinguished by a gray-white tint, made from a mixture of sand, additives and lime. This type of brick is available in two types: with and without internal cavities.
The strength of silicate and ceramic bricks is determined by the assigned brand. Manufacturers mark the brick with the letter M and a serial number. The higher this number, the greater the load it can withstand.
Criteria for choosing a brick: what to look for?
An important indicator of this material is its frost resistance, indicated by the letter code F and a number: from 15 to 100. The number series indicates the number of freeze / thaw cycles in which the material does not break down and there is no loss of its technical and operational qualities.
For the construction of load-bearing structures in residential buildings located in a temperate climate zone (with rarely occurring abnormal cold weather), it is optimal to use F15 grade brick; for colder regions, it is recommended to use a grade of at least F25 for wall construction.
For all its versatility and many positive qualities, brick is an expensive material, and not everyone can afford to build a house out of it.
Among other disadvantages of silicate bricks are:
- big weight;
- the need for a solid foundation;
- installation of thermal insulation;
- complex masonry;
- high costs for the work of specialists.
Keramoblock - modern housing construction using European technologies
In Europe, residential buildings are mainly built in two ways: using ceramic blocks, as well as using frame-panel technology.
The first option is more reliable and durable - the service life will be at least 100 years. Houses made of ceramic blocks have good strength, which makes it possible to build buildings both in 2 and 3 floors.
The height of a standard ceramic block is similar to a classic brick. It differs from the latter in length, width and weight. Width varies from 23 to 25 cm, length can be from 25 cm to 51 cm. The larger the block, the easier it is to lay it, reducing costs through savings adhesive solution. For wall masonry, it is optimal to use blocks with a length of 30 centimeters or more.
When building a house from ceramic blocks with a thickness of 38 cm or more, you can not do additional thermal insulation of the walls at all - experts note that this material has minimal thermal conductivity.
The ceramic block has a similar silicate brick strength marking. For reliability, when building walls, it is recommended to use blocks with brands from M150 and F50. Such a house is able to withstand up to 50 freeze / thaw cycles, and will keep heat very well in winter time of the year.
Material advantages:
- optimal degree of noise absorption;
- good thermal insulation;
- "breathing" structure due to the presence of porosity.
Bearing structures made of ceramic blocks regulate the humidity in the room, absorb excess, creating a favorable microclimate. The maximum service life of a residential facility made of ceramic blocks is 150 years, during which the material will not lose the technical and operational characteristics specified by the manufacturer.
Among the shortcomings of the ceramic block can be identified:
- high price;
- material appeared relatively recently on Russian market, so not every master has the skills to work with him;
- is fragile, which requires the creation of certain conditions during storage and transportation.
Aerated concrete blocks: for more than 10 years in the "trend"
Despite their unattractive "appearance", houses built from aerated concrete blocks are reliable and warm. Walls made of aerated concrete with a thickness of 30-40 cm in terms of their thermal insulation qualities are no worse than brick ones. And the facade of the house can always be made more expressive due to the external decoration with siding or decorative bricks.
In cottages built of aerated concrete, air humidity and temperature are always pleasant and comfortable for residents. This building material does not rot, does not collapse under the influence of low and high temperatures.
The thermal insulation of aerated concrete is three times higher than that of a brick. Due to the presence of hundreds of tiny pores, aerated concrete block environmentally friendly and safe, it is relatively cheap compared to ceramic blocks and bricks. It also has good technical and operational properties in terms of frost resistance and strength.
This material is easy to install. It can be cut into pieces with a regular hacksaw or saw. Plus, for the construction of a wall of aerated concrete, a significantly smaller amount of mortar will be required, due to the large sizes of the blocks. The use of a special adhesive solution allows you to create the thinnest possible seam, which contributes to high thermal insulation in the room, with no cold bridges.
Important technical specifications aerated concrete - density. It is indicated by the Latin letter D and a numerical indicator ranging from 350 to 1200 kg per m3. For the construction of a cottage or a summer residence, it is better to select brands from D500.
Another huge plus of this building material is lightness. Thanks to this, you can significantly save on the construction of the foundation. The standard weight of one block is only 18 kg. And it has the same characteristics as 20 bricks weighing 80 kg.
Aerated concrete also has its drawbacks:
- the material may crumble and be prone to cracking;
- loses its properties when moisture gets in - during storage and construction, the walls must be covered from rain and snow.
Wood and timber
To create a favorable microclimate in the house, many people prefer to build walls from natural wood. Clean air, pleasant smell, maintaining optimal humidity, keeping warm in winter and cool in summer, environmental friendliness - this is far from full list advantages of natural wood.
The technology of building from hand-crafted log cabins, which has been used for centuries, has faded into the background today, giving way to a bar produced in factory conditions and delivered to the facility already in finished form. wooden beams produced different sizes and sections, are square, D-shaped and rectangular.
To build a house, you can use a bar:
- Planed. Humidity of building material is not higher than 20%. The tree is dried as much as possible, planed in production conditions. The shrinkage of such a beam is minimal;
- Sawn. The wood is more moist, without additional drying. Usually, immediately after cutting, it is sent to a construction site. The main disadvantage of a sawn log house is that it takes at least a year to shrink (it can reach up to 10 cm in diameter with the appearance of longitudinal or transverse cracks);
- Glued. Produced from layer-by-layer, pre-dried, wooden lamellae. The moisture content of the material does not exceed 10%. Gluing the lamellas is carried out under pressure, the fibers are arranged perpendicular to each other, which eliminates the deformation of the beam, shrinkage, and reduces the risk of cracking.
Are frame houses suitable for permanent residence?
frame houses difficult to categorize real estate for permanent residence. Today, the technology has been improved in Europe, but is not yet fully adapted to the Russian climate and conditions. In addition, we still have very few specialists who are able to accurately, without deviating from the technology, perform the installation of all structures.
In any case, if you are planning to build a cottage for year-round use, the “framework” will have to be significantly insulated. Without this, such houses will definitely be cold in winter in most Russian regions.
Choice good insulation, its width and correct styling This is a broad topic that deserves its own article.
What wall material is better to choose?
Almost all wall materials used today in low-rise construction have decent technical and operational characteristics, they have been tested in our harsh climatic conditions, withstanding and high humidity air, and constant temperature fluctuations.
When choosing a material, it is important to weigh all the pros and cons, choose the best brand, evaluate the financial side of the issue, and strictly follow the construction technology. And then your home will delight you with warmth and comfort for many years.
It is believed that in his life a man must plant a tree, raise a son and build a house. Most likely, it is over the third point that you will have to tinker. In this article, we will try to make a rating based on the quality and cost of construction, and calculate: what best material for building a house, how much can the required amount of materials for construction cost?
Types of residential buildings, their pros and cons
So, in order for what we are building to be that very cozy nest, it is necessary to take care of such qualities as durability, moisture resistance, thermal conductivity, and sound insulation. It is also important to remember about eco-materials and the energy efficiency of your home.
There are two main ways to build a residential building:
- Traditional - implying brickwork;
- Frame - a designer of cottages, divided into blocks. Both technologies are good, so here you should figure out what material is best to build a house for permanent residence. Consider the most popular expendable materials for the construction of a suburban or country house.
Brick
Such houses are far from being an innovation, rather a real classic, durable and safe. A good brick is resistant to fire or decay, which means that you can be sure that even a large apartment house really durable. But at the same time, energy-saving qualities leave much to be desired. Alternatively, ceramic blocks can be used. They have the strength of a brick, but at the same time they transmit less heat. However, a high-quality ceramic block will cost more than a brick, plus it is more difficult to find a bricklayer working with this raw material.
Pros of brick:
- High strength;
- Aesthetic leaving: good appearance and the ability to create many architectural variations;
- resistance to high and low temperatures;
- fire safety;
- Environmental friendliness.
Cons of brick:
- Limited opportunities for work in winter;
- Foundation costs;
- Implies the presence interior decoration buildings;
- High thermal inertia requires high costs for heating;
Advantages of a ceramic block:
- Good energy saving performance;
- sound absorption;
- Has a low degree of thermal conductivity;
- fire safety;
- Resistance to damage from insects, fungus, mold;
- Environmental friendliness.
Cons of a ceramic block:
- The relative high cost of the material.
- Highly qualified specialists are needed to work with the material;
Foam blocks and aerated concrete
These types of blocks are similar, but there are differences. Aerated concrete is characterized by strong hygroscopicity, so it is necessary to ensure that it does not get wet during construction, since it is problematic to dry it, unlike the foam block. But both of them keep warm and will succumb even to non-professionals who build a house with their own hands. Exterior finish comes down to putty with plaster, which has a pleasant effect on the cost of construction. It should be noted that due to their porosity, these blocks are less durable, and cracks are inevitable during bending.
Advantages of aerated concrete:
- Due to its low weight, it does not create problems in transportation and does not impose high requirements on the foundation;
- The highest thermal insulation performance;
- sound absorption;
- It can be used for any kind of construction and finishing works, being exposed to a wide range of mechanical influences;
- Resistance to low temperatures (but lower than that of a brick);
- Resistance to damage from insects, fungus, mold;
- Environmental friendliness;
- Relatively low material cost.
Cons of aerated concrete:
- Brittle structure and rather low strength;
- High degree of thermal conductivity;
- Requires protection from groundwater and moisture penetration.
The advantages of the foam block:
- Due to its low weight, it does not create problems in transportation and does not impose high requirements on the foundation;
- fire safety;
- sound absorption;
- Relatively low cost.
Cons of the foam block:
- Fragile structure, implying special care during transportation;
- Relatively low strength. Often, additional reinforcement of the structures under construction is required;
- The presence of chemical elements in the composition (no guarantees in the absence of negative impact for health);
This inexpensive, and therefore profitable building material can be used during the construction of housing, but today the sale of cinder block has been greatly reduced. The thermal conductivity of such walls is high, so insulation cannot be avoided. And together with a large weight, this makes the cinder block less popular than, for example, expanded clay concrete. The latter, at a low cost, has such pleasant characteristics as strength, low thermal conductivity, and environmental friendliness.
Advantages of cinder block:
- Long service life of the finished building;
- fire safety;
- sound absorption;
- Does not require highly qualified to work with the material;
- Resistance to damage from insects, fungus, mold.
Cons of cinder block:
- Fragile structure, implying special care during transportation;
- Requires protection from groundwater and moisture penetration;
- The hollow type of cinder block will exhibit a low level of sound absorption;
- It implies the presence of external and internal decoration of buildings.
Advantages of expanded clay concrete:
- Thanks to high level vapor permeability, naturally regulates the humidity in the room;
- Does not require high qualifications to work with the material;
- Relatively low time and labor costs for the construction process;
- sound absorption;
- High degree of thermal conductivity;
- fire safety;
- Relatively low cost;
- Resistance to damage from insects, fungus, mold;
- Environmental friendliness.
Cons of expanded clay concrete:
- Requires additional thermal insulation;
- Weak resistance to low temperatures;
- Requires protection from groundwater and moisture penetration;
- Prone to the formation of cracks and irregularities during machining;
- It implies the presence of external and internal decoration of buildings.
Shell rock blocks
The fact that shell rock blocks are very safe materials means that the required volume will significantly affect the cost of construction, and the blocks themselves are very fragile. However, from the calculation of soundproofing properties and thermal conductivity, it still has a place to be. Some builders use shell rock as an additional layer to help retain heat between brick wall and lukewarm.
Shell rock advantages:
- High strength;
- Long service life of the finished building;
- The ability to protect the air from harmful substances;
- High thermal insulation performance;
- sound absorption;
- Due to the high level of vapor permeability, it naturally regulates the humidity in the room;
- Low thermal inertia reduces heating costs;
- Relatively low cost;
- Environmental friendliness.
Cons of a shell rock:
- The need for additional strengthening during the construction of buildings from 2 floors and above;
- Different sizes of individual blocks (requires additional time and labor, as well as an increased amount of mortar);
- Possible high cost of delivery;
- Requires protection from groundwater and moisture penetration.
Stone house (buta)
When choosing these energy-efficient consumables, be prepared for high fuel consumption during the first “warm-up” in a long period. In the rest of the calculation, the stone house is strong, warm, solid.
Pluses of rubble stone:
- High strength;
- Long service life of the finished building;
- Does not require protection from groundwater and moisture penetration;
- fire safety;
- Resistance to low temperatures;
- Environmental friendliness.
Minuses of rubble stone:
- The relative high cost of the material;
- Financial, time- and labor-intensive construction process;
- Difficulties in transportation due to the large weight;
- Difficulties in masonry;
- Foundation costs.
Houses made of logs
Despite the advantages of building a country house from a bar (low thermal conductivity and cost), it must be remembered that the tree is prone to shrinkage, which means that even cottage from glued beams may vary slightly from weather conditions. In addition, for building a house from a bar or a tree, there is a risk in case of fire or a malfunction of the electrical wiring, which is eliminated by impregnations (which will increase safety by reducing the environmental friendliness of the tree), to ensure heat preservation, the thickness of the wood should be at least 40 cm with a standard of only 25- 30 cm
Beam pros:
- Does not require external and internal decoration of buildings;
- Environmental friendliness.
Bar cons:
- In order to fire safety must be subjected to special processing, which reduces environmental friendliness;
- Difficulties with drying
Composite panels - best option, which is suitable for those who care about how long it will take to build a residential building. However, for such new, but not entirely ecological panels, you will need to pay well, and think about sound insulation. The fire resistance of such a house is close to that of a wooden one. Therefore, you will have to choose high-quality composite panels so that such savings do not play a cruel joke on you.
Advantages of SIP panels:
- High strength;
- Low degree of thermal conductivity;
- The highest rates of energy saving;
- Minimum costs of finance, time and labor for construction;
- Due to its low weight, it does not create problems in transportation and does not impose high requirements on the foundation;
Cons of SIP panels:
- fire hazard;
- Low sound absorption$
- Tendency to damage from insects, fungus, mold;
- Ambiguity in environmental issues.
Frame type house
Completing our list panel houses for permanent residence - an innovative and convenient type of construction that requires very little time, at a convenient cost, even if the wall thickness of the frame house is impressive. Frame houses for permanent residence are less durable than brick ones, however, with quality work done, they will last almost as long as “heavy” ones.
Advantages of frame houses:
- Minimum costs of finance, time and labor for construction;
- Low degree of thermal conductivity;
- Due to its low weight, it does not create problems in transportation and does not impose high requirements on the foundation;
- Simplicity in the implementation of interior decoration;
- Environmental friendliness.
Cons of frame houses:
- fire hazard;
- Low level of sound absorption;
- Prone to damage from insects, fungus, mold.
Which house will be warmer?
Calculations and comparisons have shown that houses made of various "heavy" materials used, such as stone, take longer to warm up, but at the same time they have a lower heat transfer. This means that such houses are more suitable for permanent residence. And “light” small houses, like frame or wood, warm up faster and give off heat, so they are better suited as a dacha option.
"Heavy" materials:
- High thermal inertia requires more time to heat the building (but it also cools down longer);
- There is no need for additional insulation;
- Hot in summer;
- More suitable for permanent residence.
"Light" materials:
- Low thermal inertia (heats up quickly, cools down quickly);
- Requires a heater
- Do not heat up in summer;
- More suitable for seasonal living (dachas, cottages).
What materials are environmentally friendly?
The choice of material for building a house is a very responsible task. At correct operation and well-functioning ventilation are not afraid of any home. However, if environmental friendliness is the most necessary or significant factor for you, you must refuse or significantly limit:
- polymers;
- Reinforced concrete;
- polyurethane foam;
- Some other harmful types of building materials.
And give preference to eco-materials that nature has given us.
What is the cheapest way to build a house?
An important factor in construction is how much money will be needed for it. Say which one is the best cheap material for building a house, difficult.
Buildings made of any "light" materials, for example, wooden ones, are cheaper, but if you want a log cabin to stand for a long time, you should not even save on "light" raw materials.
It turns out that it is more profitable to build an expensive modular house for permanent residence than a “heavy” brick one. Therefore, the total calculation of how much you will spend depends not only on natural materials, but also on what kind of layout of the house, on the construction of the foundation of the house, available for building a place, your desires, budget possibilities.
Comparison table 1
| Brick | aerated concrete | Foam block | cinder block | Expanded clay concrete | |
Even in the tale of the three little pigs, the most important and always relevant thought about the correct choice is raised. building material for home. A fairy tale is a fairy tale, but many of us, like the heroes of a famous work, want to build a solid, reliable home with minimal effort. However, today it is quite possible to do this thanks to the development of building technologies. However, there are so many different wall materials that the developer has to rack his brains when deciding which material is better to build a house from. Brick, aerated concrete, wood, sandwich panels - which is better, more reliable, more durable and warmer?
The cost of building walls at home is up to 40% of the cost of all work, so it is important to weigh the many pros and cons of each material in order to make the only right decision. It is also necessary to take into account the seasonality of living in the house, the requirements for thermal insulation, the cost of the fuel used for heating, as well as the labor intensity of the work and the budget allocated for construction. Today there are a lot of materials for building a house - finding the one that most accurately meets the needs is not a problem.
No. 1. Wooden house
most conservative and traditional material for building a house - a tree. Its undeniable advantages include:
Minuses:
- high fire hazard, even despite the fact that today special impregnations are used in the production of timber;
- the tree is sensitive to moisture and pests, they are also trying to fight it, but without constant care, the material will be constantly damaged;
- shrinkage;
- high price.
Glued profiled timber
No. 2. Brick house
Another classic and time-tested material for building a house is. Despite the emergence of a mass of alternative materials, it remains the most popular material for the construction of low-rise private houses, and there are many reasons for that.
pros:
- high durability and strength;
- inertness, insects and;
- resistance to fire;
- the material is breathable;
- brick allows you to translate into reality a project of any complexity.
Minuses:
For the construction of a 2- or 3-storey house enough strength brick M100 or M125, but the basement is better to build from bricks M150-M175. It is also necessary to take into account the frost resistance of bricks, which is determined by the cycles of freezing and thawing, which the material can withstand without losing its basic properties. If for warm regions it is quite possible to use brick F15-30, then for middle lane it is better to take material with frost resistance F50, and for the most severe regions - F100. After the construction of the house, he is given some time to dry. brick walls, as a rule, trim .
By filling, bricks are divided into:
For the construction of walls, only two types of bricks are used:
- silicate (white).
Ideally, it is better to build from plastic-formed ceramic bricks. It is made from high-quality clay by extrusion. ceramic brick dry and semi-dry forming due to the high geometry accuracy, it is mainly used for cladding. differs in durability, good sound insulation and durability.
silicate brick produced on the basis of sand and lime, it is cheaper than ceramic, but more fragile, has little variety, lower thermal insulation and low moisture resistance. 
Number 3. Aerated concrete houses
Lightweight concrete blocks are the most promising material for building a house from all currently existing. Of all stone materials cellular concrete is different best performance for thermal insulation. Due to the fact that the block has a large size (replaces 17-20 single bricks), the construction of buildings is carried out quickly. In terms of strength and durability, the material is practically not inferior to brick. The cellular concretes are aerated concrete, foam concrete,, but the first two have acquired the greatest distribution in private construction.
House made of aerated concrete (gas block)
cinder block house
No. 4. Frame house
No. 5. Houses made of reinforced concrete panels
Another option for quick construction is the technology of building houses from prefabricated factory ones. low-rise house can be built in a few days! The technology resembles that which was so actively used in the Soviet Union for the rapid construction of millions square meters housing.
pros:
Minuses:
- a solid foundation is needed;
- a small number of offers on the market (few companies cast slabs for the created project - elements of typical sizes are usually made);
- such a house "does not breathe";
- Concrete does not hold heat well.
When you need to quickly build a reliable and durable house of decent size, then this is one of the the best options, especially since today it is possible to cast panels of strictly necessary shapes and sizes in order to erect a building according to. 
When choosing a material for building a house, it is important to take into account the climate, the type of soil, the future heating system, and many other factors. But even the highest quality building material can disappoint if the construction technology is violated or the foundation is laid incorrectly, so these points should be given no less importance.