Quite often, when repairing old windows, many home owners are faced with the fact that the purchased windows are not suitable in size for installation in the opening. This problem is especially relevant when purchasing products for an apartment in a high-rise building. In “Stalin” buildings the openings have one format, in “Khrushchev” buildings they have a different format. To figure out how to determine standard window sizes, it is worth considering the features of modern designs.
Plastic products
Today plastic windows are among the most sought after construction market. Since the formats of openings vary greatly, PVC windows also have a large selection of dimensions. At first they were produced for panel houses. Such designs had dimensions of 120x120, as well as 130x140 cm. The first option is considered generally accepted.
Today you can find models of plastic windows with 1, 2 or 3 sashes. In Khrushchev buildings, the size of the structure is greatly influenced by the size of the plastic window sill.
If the window has 3 sashes, the dimensions of PVC products will be 240x150 cm. In the case of double-leaf structures, the window size is 145x150 cm. If the room has fairly narrow window sills, PVC products should be selected with the following characteristics -130x135 and 204x135 cm.
Non-compliance with standards can lead to an error of 10 cm. For this reason, plastic structures cannot be standard. This concept is relative.
Non-standard products
Designs with individual characteristics can be made in accordance with the wishes of the customer. Such double-glazed windows do not meet standard standards. Today, such windows are most in demand among many users.
Also, when choosing the size of a product, it is worth considering the principle of operation of the structure. For example, opening a window can be done by turning it to the side. In this case, the height of the structure must exceed its width. The thickness of the profile will be equal to 70-80 cm. Thanks to this indicator, optimal temperature regime indoors.
When installing a non-standard design, it is necessary to ensure that certain proportions are maintained in the dimensions of the horse. Otherwise the profile may become deformed.
Modern technologies for the production of plastic structures provide the possibility of producing products of any size.
Convenient standard sizes
Standard window sizes are determined in accordance with SNiPs and GOST. This documentation defines a number of requirements:
- the size of the rooms in which plastic structures are installed;
- requirements for room lighting;
- purpose of the building;
- level of natural light;
- ability to transmit light.
The dimensions of windows in panel houses of different series can vary by several centimeters.
The already established standard sizes of plastic windows installed in buildings made of panels, as well as in “Stalinka” buildings made of wood and brick, encourage manufacturers to produce structures of specific sizes. This eliminates problems for residents who decide to replace wooden window frames with new double-glazed windows.
For example, for a typical house with 5 floors in Moscow, the standard size is 130x140 cm. For installation in a Khrushchev building, you will need to select products 130x135 cm (minimum) and 145x150 cm (maximum).
When taking into account the type of house, you can select the dimensions of the window structure, as well as calculate the price of the new product. However, if you hire professionals, the effort and time required will be less. Specialists will carry out professional measurements of the opening, depending on which the sizes of PVC windows are selected.
What does size affect?
Often the question about the selection of windows standard sizes arises before purchasing a plastic structure. The dimensions of PVC products can deviate greatly from standard parameters. This factor affects the cost of products.
Don't think that custom-made models will cost much more than standard designs. Ready-made products are usually purchased when urgent installation is required.
However, windows that are made in accordance with the specified dimensions will be able to fit perfectly into a specific opening. Therefore, there will be no difficulties during the installation process.
Many companies specializing in the production plastic structures, offer the following services:
- Carrying out the necessary measurements of the opening;
- production of window structures according to specified dimensions;
- delivery of the finished product to the installation site;
- removing the old product and preparing the opening for the window;
- installation of plastic structures, finishing of slopes, as well as installation of window sills.
A large selection of manufacturers allows you to choose suitable models windows
Standard plastic products
Typically, standard plastic windows are products with dimensions of 150x150 cm. They are equipped with fittings and double-glazed windows. Universal is a rather vague concept of PVC products. They are called standard because they are very popular.
There are several types of such windows:
- blind plastic;
- tricuspid - such models are gaining popularity;
- plastic double doors;
- with tilt and turn flap.
Some of the most popular are models made for standard houses with dimensions of 120x120 cm. For “Khrushchev” buildings, designs of 130x135 cm are suitable.
Determination of dimensions
Plastic windows for modern man have become akin to necessity. They have a fairly large number of advantages, and are also attractive appearance. Typically, plastic windows are chosen in standard sizes. Such products comply with GOST and other building codes.
If you need to replace a plastic window yourself, you should learn how to take measurements correctly. To determine the height of a plastic window, follow these steps:
- 2 cm is subtracted from the base of the opening to the outer slope;
- 2.5 cm should be added to the figures obtained. This is necessary for the window to fit normally into the upper quarter.
- if a stand profile is used, 3 cm should be subtracted from the resulting structure.
The dimensions of the double-glazed window are usually made smaller than the window opening, by 3-8 cm. This distance is necessary for the installation seam.
According to individual measurements, plastic windows are manufactured quite quickly. This allows you to buy a product of optimal dimensions, which is ideal for installation in a specific opening.
The thickness of the window profile, regardless of the height and width of the structure, is usually 70-80 cm. Standard dimensions are determined by the standard dimensions of the openings. Usually they are calculated based on the standards of “Khrushchev” and panel buildings.
Products made to order will not cost much more than standard designs. They should be ordered after the opening has been accurately measured.
Window sills should also be measured. The selection of window blocks depends on their width. Choosing the optimal width and height will ensure correct and quick installation. Besides, great value has the length of the outer ebb. The window sill board is usually installed close to the substitution profile, which is also important.
Also, before taking measurements, it is worth presenting the work on finishing the opening. Insulation materials, as well as plaster and decorative elements will make some adjustments to the existing indicators. In the case of some windows, the distance from the frame to the sash can vary greatly.
In the case of arched frames, the position of the “heel” should be determined in advance. Both wooden and plastic frames can be made to certain standards. To avoid inconsistencies during installation, it is worth taking accurate measurements in advance.
Conclusions
Difference in formats window openings makes you look closer various options on the market building materials. Double-glazed windows are manufactured for standard structures, which allows you to choose from several varieties.
When purchasing, it is worth remembering the type of sashes and the method of opening them. This will allow you to do right choice. It is also necessary to take into account that even in houses of a certain type, measurements should be taken first. If you are not sure of the accuracy of the results, it is better to invite specialists. This approach will help get rid of unnecessary problems and also avoid serious mistakes.
Before building a house, you need to be very careful about the size of the windows. The window sizes must be optimal. According to GOST it is provided total area windows should not exceed 6 m2, the area of the opening part should not be more than 2.5 m2. To obtain quality, reliability and practicality in the glazing of your future home, you need to strictly comply with all the requirements of building codes and regulations and, of course, the state standard. If during construction country house If you decide to install panoramic glazing, you need to take into account that the area of one stained glass window is no more than 6 m2. This will save you from a lot of misunderstandings, and suppliers will provide you with a wide selection of window units.
Upon purchase finished products, first of all, you need to pay attention to the area of the opening parts. Their size should not exceed 2.5 m2. Otherwise, you need to require a quality certificate and a test certificate for safe operation. The reason is non-compliance with the state standard ensuring safe use products.
It is imperative to check that the mass of the opening elements is no more than 80 kg (according to GOST - maximum 75). This can lead to destruction of the window unit and injury to users.
Windows should open into the interior of the room, except for those facing a balcony or loggia, otherwise this should be indicated in the project.
Competent calculation of GOST window sizes is carried out according to special generally accepted formulas.
Window openings must be designed taking into account GOST standards. GOST assumes a state standard.
This standard will help you understand the features, main advantages and disadvantages of wooden, plastic, and PVC windows.
It should be noted that it is in GOST 11214-86 and GOST 23166-99 “Windows and balcony doors wooden with double glazing for residential and public buildings» all the requirements and features of windows and doors and their standardization are spelled out.
Special standardization was carried out for all features and standards for opening and window sizes were designated for heights of 60, 90, 120, 135, 150, 180 cm, and widths of 60, 90, 100, 120, 150, 180.
So, GOST specifies the following values: 560x870 (opening 610x910); 560x1170 (opening 610x1210); 860x870; 860x1170; 860x1320; 860x1470; 1160x870(1170, 1320,1470); 1460x(1170, 1320,1470).
Standard window sizes GOST
All windows have differences and, according to GOST, are divided according to methods into rooms that open inward, open outward, and do not open (they are most often called blind). At the same time, GOST states that it is inappropriate to use fixed windows above the first floor, because there is no possibility of ventilating the premises. The exception is window units facing the balcony and having dimensions of 400 x 800. The installation of fixed windows in other rooms is specified in the project.
IN typical premises Window sizes often have their own characteristics and may vary.
Therefore, standard GOST window sizes in some cases may mean approximate values and may be adjusted. When manufacturing window blocks, deviation is allowed linear dimensions+2 and -1 mm. The deviation of the diagonal size of a rectangular window block with a side length of up to 1400 mm is allowed 2 mm, if the side is longer, then 3 mm.
Dimensions according to standards can be different, for example, up to 15 cm, and in panel rooms the average size of a window with 2 sashes is 1.3 m in height and 1.4 m in width. Three-leaf windows have a height of 1400 mm and a width of 2050 to 2750 mm.
For example, in “Khrushchev” type premises, windows that have wide window sills have dimensions of approximately 1.45 m by 1.5 m, and with narrow window sills - 1.3 m by 1.35 m. These values will quite help determine the cost of more affordable price PVC windows.
Thus, the dimensions of windows in a Khrushchev building largely depend on the width of the window sill itself.
When calculating skylights For these blocks, typical standard dimensions are taken as a basis, but the angle of inclination of the roof must always be taken into account. The more flat the roof, the higher the height of the window. The distance between the rafters should be 40-60 mm larger than the window size.
GOST dimensions for plastic windows
Currently, plastic windows are found and manufactured in all sizes and shapes of varying degrees of complexity.
Plastic windows today are the most optimal and popular type of windows, since they are very practical, electrostatic, frost-resistant and quite reliable.
That is, all the necessary thermophysical and mechanical parameters are properly observed. Plastic windows today are already quite affordable for the masses.
When purchasing and installing such windows, you must also take into account GOST dimensions for plastic windows.
According to GOST, standard sizes of plastic windows are not universal: their sizes can vary up to 10-15 cm.
For example, the dimensions of a double-leaf window in panel house equal to 1300 by 1400 mm. The size of a three-leaf window is 2050-2070 mm by 1400 mm. The remaining parameters have windows in Khrushchev-era premises: 1450 by 1500 mm and 1300 by 1350 mm and 2040 by 1500 mm.
Determining the dimensions of a standard plastic window and making a correct calculation of the approximate cost is only possible if you know the type of house.
Recently, very frequent cases have been noticed when many orders are received for the manufacture of large windows. Large plastic windows look quite aesthetically pleasing, attractive and solid.
Interesting! Plastic are flowing and there are puddles on the windowsill (Water),
It can be made larger, but you need to take into account the fact that this option will be very unreliable and the structure will soon deteriorate.
In the case of the presence of blind sashes, we note that optimal solution it will be if you don’t make them larger than 1000 sq. mm, otherwise a huge load will be felt on the glass unit, which will lead to defects and various damages.
In fact, you can order plastic windows of any size, even non-standard ones; another question is whether this window will fit your room and look neat and be reliable.
Based on economic considerations, a standard plastic window will cost you less than a non-standard one ordered.
PVC window sizes according to GOST
Nowadays it is very common to find windows made of PVC structures. The number of companies that offer such plastic windows is growing rapidly.
But obviously, all products cannot be of the required quality and directly depend on the literacy and high professionalism of specialists.
Standard PVC (polyvinyl chloride) windows, as a rule, are characterized by reliability, a high degree of tightness and an attractive appearance, although they are not without drawbacks.
However, old wooden windows cannot be compared with a new plastic window in all these characteristics, even if it is made from the most ordinary PVC system.
Dimensions of PVC windows according to GOST. When it is necessary to install PVC windows, you need to be especially careful about the installation norms and standards.
If this type of window faces the street, and you do not have air conditioning, then the thickness of the glass unit must be at least 32 mm.
And if the PVC window opens onto a glazed balcony, then standard 24 mm will be enough.
Guided by established standards, a good distance between the glasses is 10-16 mm.
If the distance is made smaller, then the thermal insulation process of the window will not be as effective.
Wooden windows gost size
Wooden windows are currently not as popular as they used to be, but are still used to this day. Wooden windows are characterized by an aesthetic appearance.
Standard wooden windows include rectangular windows that have a transparent transparent or opaque paint coating.
Intensity of room lighting;
Type and dimensions of the building;
Level natural light and others.
If windows are manufactured in accordance with GOST requirements, then the customer must be completely confident that this product will be as reliable, efficient and durable as possible.
In other words, such windows will be characterized by an excellent guarantee of quality, safety and long service life.
By and large, GOST implies threshold indicators and real optimal schemes, focusing on methods that maximally satisfy the main requirements of the building.
That is why it is so important to know the requirements and standards of GOST.
You can also watch a video instruction on how to install plastic windows yourself
No light source has yet been invented that could replace natural light. A lot can depend on it. For example, a lack of vitamin K, which is formed under the influence sun rays can lead to the development of serious diseases. In addition, a person’s mood is highly dependent on sunlight. If you constantly stay indoors, you can seriously undermine your health. That is why windows are needed so that the rays can enter the house. You cannot install them at random, so it is important to know the size of the windows in a private house. What are the standards for windows and what should be followed when installing them? This will be discussed in the article.
Basic Requirements
Most often, windows are made to order, but an opening must already be provided for them, so even during construction it is necessary to decide where and which windows will be located. A few points can be used as a guide:
- the side of the world that the wall faces;
- purpose of the room;
- room parameters.
Proper layout of the house involves thoughtful placement of rooms. For example, if the bedroom in the house is not combined with a living room or other room, then it is better to choose walls that face the northwest or west. This is due to the way the sun moves throughout the day. In the evening, it turns out to be just at sunset on this side and you can calmly read or do other things. But in the morning the sun will not wake you up, because it is on the opposite side. If we are not talking about a bedroom, but, for example, about a living room, then it makes sense to provide several windows various sizes. In this case, it is desirable that the windows of the living room face the south side; you can place it in the southwest. Thanks to this, the room will get maximum quantity light throughout the day.
Rooms are rarely available square shape, more often they are rectangular, so the two walls are longer. In this case, it is better to place the windows larger wall. This will provide more light inside the house. If we are talking about a room with the same length of walls, then for a small area one window is enough. It is better to leave the north side for rooms where large quantities of sunlight are not required. This could be the kitchen or bathroom. For the latter, the size of the opening can be minimal so that heat loss is as small as possible.
Advice! To make it easier to decide what size or how many windows there should be for one room, you must adhere to the rule of ten. It implies the presence of a square window with a side of a meter for every 10 square meters area.
What types of windows are there?
The design of windows may vary depending on their purpose. The main ones are:
- without doors or blind;
- with one leaf;
- with two doors;
- with three doors.
The size of the window can directly depend on the design. Special GOST standards have been developed that regulate window sizes for private houses. Standard height regular window can be from 0.8 to 1.47 meters. The width for such windows varies from 0.4 to 0.87 meters. The size of windows with two sashes is slightly different and can range from 0.57 meters to 1.47 meters, in terms of height. The width is slightly larger than the previous ones and can start from 0.87 meters and reach 1.47 meters. Three doors require large dimensions, so their width can be up to 2.07 meters, and the minimum is 1.77 meters. The height of this structure ranges from 1.17 meters to 1.47 meters.
This does not mean that standards cannot be violated. The numbers are rather given as a sample, but depending on individual project they may vary. It is worth understanding that increasing the window size should affect which profile will be used. If these are metal-plastic structures, then it is better to use a profile with more chambers. Neglecting this advice may lead to the destruction of the structure from strong gusts of wind. The larger the window area, the greater its windage.
Which material to choose
During construction modern house The choice of materials is not limited to wood. The same is true with windows. When designing windows, you have to think about what they will be made of. The most common options are wooden and metal-plastic structures. There is much debate as to which is better. You shouldn't rely on someone else's opinion. It is important to weigh all the pros and cons yourself. If we talk about wood, then no one will argue about the environmental friendliness of this material. Due to its porosity, wood perfectly allows air to pass through, which means partial gas exchange is ensured through it.
If the choice is metal-plastic windows falls only because of double-glazed windows, then it is worth knowing that modern practice allows them to be installed on wooden structures. For better thermal insulation, double-glazed windows with a special coating or filled with inert gas are installed. There is also the advantage of installing modules with multiple cameras. Price for wooden frames significantly higher than for plastic ones. Difficult to find good master, which would make everything perfect. Natural material requires that its coating be renewed from time to time by painting. Installation wooden structures also requires special skills.
More and more buyers prefer to install plastic products. It is cheaper to replace old wooden window frames with modern profile ones. The time in which the supplier is ready to complete the work on manufacturing plastic products is several times less than it takes to assemble wooden structures. Plastic products are equipped with a sophisticated sealing system that guarantees high tightness. This also reduces heat loss, because there are significantly fewer drafts. For installation finished products you don’t have to hire a separate contractor, since the manufacturing company often cooperates with craftsmen who do this work.
Some advantages also lead to disadvantages. For example, high tightness means poor air exchange. This can lead to moisture accumulation indoors and the development of mold and mildew. If you do not monitor this moment, you can cause irreparable harm to some finishing materials. To avoid such consequences, you need to take care in advance of having supply ventilation. It can be built into windows, be a separate supply valve or an entire system supply and exhaust ventilation. Special metal strips are installed inside the profile. Their task is to stabilize the shape of the frame. Unscrupulous manufacturers may use metal that will harm the human body. This issue needs to be discussed in advance.
Advice! To make plastic windows last longer, you can make a special visor that will prevent direct exposure to sunlight on the profile.
Wood and PVC are used most often for the production of windows, but are not the only materials for these purposes. In addition to them, we can mention aluminum. Aluminum frames are made like plastic ones, but have higher strength. Aluminum windows stand out with their appearance. But they have a significant drawback - high thermal permeability. Although strips are installed inside the window profile that eliminate cold bridges, but aluminum windows lose to plastic and wood ones. It makes sense to install aluminum windows in areas where the climate does not imply cold winters.
Pay attention! Modern products made of plastic and aluminum are not left without standards. Regulatory documents numbered 30673/99 30973/2002 and 22233/2001 were adopted. These are GOST standards, which also indicate the rules for using accessories.
Plastic window for a private house
The choice of plastic windows today has turned into a whole quest. This is due to the wide range of different profiles that are available in the market. You have to think not only about the size of the window itself, but also about how many cameras there should be in the frame and what type of double-glazed window to use. It is important to focus your choice not only on the number of chambers in the frame of the structure, but also on the thickness of the walls. To make it easier to navigate, all structures of this type were divided into classes. The highest one has a thickness of 2.8 mm for those walls that face the street. The part of the frame that is turned inward has a wall thickness of 2.5 mm
The second class is distinguished by the fact that the walls that go inside the room are 2 mm thick, while the size of the outer ones is the same as in the previous version. If you come across a structure made from a profile that does not fall under any of these dimensions, then this is already the third class. Windows of this kind are perfect for installation in utility rooms.
Heat loss from the structure frame is reduced due to several air cushions. They are in closed chambers separated from each other. The cheapest solutions have only three such cameras. Such products can be installed if we are talking about mild winters, when the temperature drops below zero. If the area is famous for its harsh winters, where temperatures can drop to -50°, then it makes sense to think about an 8-chamber profile. The five-chamber profile remains the optimal and most popular. It will easily protect in thirty-degree frosts. In addition to thermal insulation, the air in the chambers of the structure also provides sound insulation. Windows facing the roadway must have a sufficient number of profile cameras and double-glazed windows to keep the house quiet.
Don't jump into the advertising ploy regarding the number of cameras. The first thing you should pay attention to is the overall thickness of the window profile. If it is too small, then you should not purchase such windows. This will not improve the thermal insulation. Plastic windows are installed in houses that are assembled in various ways. These can be monolithic or frame structures. In both cases, plastic windows will delight their customers. For log houses there is an option for plastic windows that are made to look like wood. They have brown and wood structure.
Before ordering
Most sellers of plastic structures offer free measurements at your home. But it would be nice to understand for yourself how to correctly measure windows. It is worth understanding that there are some restrictions on the area that one window can have. In most cases, this figure for a plastic window does not exceed 6 m2. The height can be chosen even to full height, if it is convenient in a private home. According to the standard, windows are placed at a height of 90 or 80 cm from the floor.
If the window is to be placed next to a perpendicular wall, then you will need to make an indentation of 50 cm, rather than installing it directly end-to-end. There must be a distance to the ceiling so that it is possible to hang curtains, and also not to damage the integrity of the lintel. This size is usually up to 30 cm. For bathrooms and toilets, windows with minimal dimensions are chosen so that it is only possible to ventilate the premises.
Professionals take measurements of the opening for the future window not only from the inside, but also from the outside. This was done so that the window would subsequently fall into place, since the slopes may have certain differences. The structure is made slightly smaller than the opening itself to facilitate the installation process. The width and height of the frame are measured at three points. You need to know the size in the middle, bottom and top. The smallest size will be the width of the window. This rule need not be followed if it is possible to partially expand the window opening. A video about choosing a design profile is below.
Resume
As you can see, choosing a design for an opening is a responsible task. We are talking not only about the material, but also about the profile itself. It is important to understand very well the conditions under which the structure will be operated, so as not to overpay for advertising slogans. In addition, the ability to independently carry out periodic maintenance of the structure will allow you to save on paying the craftsmen.
The design of buildings for any purpose is carried out taking into account certain window sizes depending on the requirements of the necessary lighting of the rooms. These illumination indicators depend on the dimensions of the building, its purpose, the level of natural light and other factors. Also of great importance is the ability of the window unit to transmit light into the room.
The ratio of room size and window size determined by a generally accepted formula based on established building codes and rules. These standards determine the permissible value of the illumination coefficient in public and residential premises located north of 45 degrees and south of 60 degrees latitude. For example, if the building is located north of 60 degrees, then a coefficient of 1.2 must be applied. If the building is located south of 45 degrees north latitude, then the illumination should be determined using a coefficient of 0.75. The indicators are calculated subject to mandatory window cleaning depending on the location of the building. Thus, windows in buildings located in non-polluted areas of the city must be cleaned at least 2 times a year, and in buildings located in industrial areas, windows should be cleaned at least 4 times a year. In addition, the ability of a window opening to transmit light is affected by the number of glasses and the distance between them. Since light rays are refracted and absorbed (if there are more than 2 glasses in the frame), the illumination in the room is significantly reduced.
When constructing certain buildings, standard GOST for window sizes. However, in some non-standard cases, indicators may be adjusted. Depending on the type of window frame, standard window sizes are distinguished for:
- double glazing window unit;
- triple glazed window unit;
- single glazing, terrace frames.
In accordance with GOST 11214-86, 23166-99, standard sizes of window openings with a height of 60 are established; 90; 120; 135; 150 and 180 cm and width 60; 90; 100; 120; 135; 150 and 180 cm and a humidity of 8-12% is provided.
Standard window sizes consist of a combination of cross-sectional elements and glass itself. For example, if a standard window block with a width of 1320 mm, a side section of 85 mm and a middle section of 130 mm, then the width of the glass in each sash must be at least 525 mm. In this case, approximately 7.5 mm of glass should be included in the window trim on all sides. After simple calculations, it turns out that the visible width of the glass is 510 mm. The standard size of a window opening also depends on the design of the walls and the size of the quarter. Below are tables of typical window sizes with approximate prices.
Table 1. Standard sizes of single-hung windows.
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Opening dimensions, mm. |
Cost, rub. |
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Height |
Width |
Height |
Width |
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Table 2. Standard sizes of three-hung windows.
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Opening dimensions, mm. |
Standard window sizes, mm. |
Cost, rub. |
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Height |
Width |
Height |
Width |
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Table 3. Standard sizes of double-hung windows.
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Opening dimensions, mm. |
Standard window sizes, mm. |
Cost, rub. |
||
|
Height |
Width |
Height |
Width |
|
Schematic representation of single-, double- and triple-hung windows.
Window sizes in residential premises.
It happens that in the same panel house they differ by 10-15 cm. In such situations, you have to forget about standard sizes and, to measure window sizes, you need the help of a qualified specialist. A standard double-leaf window must comply with the following dimensions: height 1300 mm and width 1400 mm; for a three-leaf window the standard size is: width from 2050 to 2070 mm, height 1400 mm. It is necessary to adhere to these indicators of standard window sizes when constructing residential buildings in order to avoid difficulties with possible further replacement of windows.
In Khrushchevka window size depends on the width of the window sills. In cases where the window has wide sills, the size is 1450 mm by 1500 mm for two sashes, and 2040 mm by 1500 mm for three sashes. Narrow window sills require window sizes for two sashes of 1300 mm by 1350 mm and for three sashes of 2040 mm by 1350 mm.
For calculating the size of roof windows, except standard parameters, the roof slope angle is taken into account. There is a pattern that the height of the window directly depends on the flatness of the roof. The distance between the rafters should be at least 4-6 cm wider than the window frame.
Despite the fact that they may not be the same in one typical house, based on the type of house you can roughly determine the size of the windows. Moreover, regarding the definition window sizes The angle of incidence of the sun's rays is also of great importance.
Sizes of plastic windows.
PVC windows can be of any size and of absolutely any complexity. Lately, it has become fashion trend make plastic windows very large sizes. Such windows look very impressive and beautiful, but it is worth remembering practicality and durability. For example, in order for the structure to last as long as possible, it is better not to make the opening door larger than 900 square meters. mm. Blind sashes should not be made larger than 1000 square meters. mm. This limitation is due to the fact that, as a result of increased load, the double-glazed window does not deform in a short time.
Modern technologies make it possible to make a plastic window non-standard sizes taking into account all wishes. However, custom-made windows will cost more than standard ones. Whether such expenses will be justified depends entirely on window opening size.
The choice of size of window openings determines the illumination and comfort of residents. And if residents of standard multi-storey buildings are deprived of the opportunity to choose the windows they need, then residents of private houses can easily experiment with increased window sizes. But there is a lot to consider building regulations and properties so as not to reduce the thermal efficiency of the building and not create a threat to the safety of residents.
Window blocks in the house
When choosing the final dimensions, you should clearly understand their dependence on the entire glazing area: when choosing large windows in wooden house it will be cold, if you choose small ones it will be dark, and this will lead to the constant use of additional light sources. You should find a middle ground and focus on building laws and regulations.
The choice of window size in a wooden house will directly depend on their purpose and location.
When choosing the ratio of wall area and glazing, the following principles should be taken into account:
- Shape and area of the room. For long rooms, two or more windows are needed, but for small ones, one window in the center will be enough.
- The location of windows relative to the light sides. Place large windows on the western and southern sides - this will provide a larger maximum. In such rooms, house plants will feel very comfortable.
- Purpose of the premises. Large windows are installed in offices, offices and other rooms where people are regularly present and where it is required large number natural daylight.
As a rule, such rooms are located on the south-west side of the building when designing. For the bedroom, high-quality lighting is not particularly required, so it is located on the north or west side, and only one window block will be enough for it.
Finnish style in Scandinavian homes It is also customary to place the kitchen and other utility storage rooms on the northern sides. Historical fact, before large windows installed in Scandinavian houses: because natural daylight improved mood and increased performance, which was important on short winter days. It was pleasant to be in these rooms all the time: bright natural daylight could be additionally enhanced by light and warm and a choice of white furniture.
Of course, it is not always possible to perfectly copy the Finnish style in Russian houses, but some elements can still be borrowed.
Standard parameters and properties of window systems
To manufacture plastic window structures, you will have to contact a construction company, or, if you prefer, directly to the manufacturer, and they will offer you a standard assortment.
As a rule, the sizes of windows in a frame wooden house are as follows:
Choosing a larger sash size is not entirely safe: glass is a fragile material and requires a special binding. If you are planning on the second floor, then the door dimensions will be standard (height 2100-2200 mm, width 700-900 mm).
All of the listed window sizes are produced by most construction companies, and if you want to make an exclusive order, the window set will be significantly more expensive.
Standard parameters of window structures are designed for the same type of openings in multi-storey panel buildings, and the demand for them is quite high, but construction companies carry out orders for individual sizes much less often. Therefore the cost is much higher. When designing, take into account the future location of all furniture and its dimensions.
Distance from window to floor An ordinary standard window should be located at a height of 80 to 90 cm from the floor: this provides good review for both a sitting and a standing person, and you can place a work table or other piece of furniture under the window sill. The upper edge of the block is usually located at a height of 220 to 230 cm from the floor.
Special requirements apply to indoor windows wooden bath: not required for a bath room good lighting, but preservation and retention of heat is very important. Following these requirements, a standard bath window in a steam room is no larger than 600×600 mm, and in a relaxation room the window can be made larger, for example 1000×1200 mm.
Maximum size of plastic window structure
When choosing large individual window structures with increased sash area, you need to know the existing requirements set out in special building regulations:
- The area of the entire structure should not be more than 6 square meters. meters. Otherwise, it may not withstand the wind load, and in unfavorable times weather conditions the glass unit may crack and crumble into fragments.
- You should not ignore safety rules: weather conditions in different regions Russia is changeable and unpredictable. Large blocks should have partitions, and the area of the doors should not be higher than 2.8 square meters. m. The maximum permissible size of the sashes is 110×240 cm. When designing window openings, keep in mind that a large structure can quickly fail. A metal-plastic profile with a two-chamber (three-chamber) double-glazed window will be very heavy, and due to the large weight, the fittings will soon begin to sag and sag. In this case, the sash will wear out and it will begin to creak; using such a design will be inconvenient and even more unsafe. If you decide to install an arched window, then its radius should not be less than 35 cm. The requirements for large sashes will be the same as for conventional turning systems.
View of windows with panoramic glazing of a house Failure to comply with these requirements may pose a threat to residents, so you should not ignore them even if. If you want to provide your home with good lighting, you need to order modern designs panoramic glazing made of special tempered glass or the so-called triplex. Of course, their cost is much more expensive, but they are much safer and will provide all residents with a good view. When choosing what size window to order for your home, you should take into account the climate and wind load in your region. If winters are cold, then heat will escape faster through double-glazed windows, which means an annual increase in heating costs.
The size of the hole for the window block
Gap for window in frame house
Dimensions wooden windows in a frame house will not coincide with the dimensions of the opening. They will be large; this tolerance is needed for the subsequent installation of the casing and window sill. From the planned height of the lower edge of the window you need to step back about 5 cm: 4 cm is the thickness of the window sill and 1 cm is the layer polyurethane foam. The width of the hole exceeds the window by 14 cm: 5 cm on each side for installation and installation of the casing and 2 cm on both sides for a layer of polyurethane foam for durable fastening.
The opening at the top is about 10 cm larger: this gap is left because it will fall over time. When making calculations and planning, it is worth taking into account the lower edge of the frame; it should not be located at a height of more than 1 m from the floor level. In this case, it is not very convenient to rest your hands on the windowsill, and the lighting in the room will not be enough.
Requirements for profiles and double-glazed windows
When choosing a window unit, you also need to choose the right profile and double-glazed windows. It will be more difficult to choose if you install metal-plastic frames: since the number of offers on the construction market is growing, and you need to know exactly which criteria will suit you best.
Here are some basic and important requirements:
- The number of cameras in double-glazed windows. For country-type houses or for premises that will be used only in the summer, you can install a single-chamber double-glazed window. However, in winter, such a package will not be enough. You will have to purchase double-glazed windows with air layers; they will protect your home from freezing, although the cost will be significantly higher than single-layer packages.
- Number of cameras in plastic profile. The more cameras, the better profile keeps warm because air is the best heat insulator. For a capital project, it is customary to choose a 3- or 4-chamber double-glazed window.
- Selecting a seal. Very little attention is paid to the choice of this material, but thanks to the seal, all cracks and drafts are eliminated. Cheap and rubber material will begin to “tan” and cease to perform its main functions. Some manufacturers offer transparent elastomer seals: their cost is higher, but the protection against cold is much better and of higher quality.
- Accessories. The main rule is that you shouldn’t skimp on it. Cheap locks, clamps, handles will quickly fail, and weakened hinges and a thin frame will certainly lead to distortion and sagging of all sashes. As a result, you will have to spend money on expensive repairs, so the savings do not justify the investment.
Choice window systems For frame house- a very complex and responsible task, and it is better to discuss its solution with masters and professionals. The cheapest and affordable option– windows made of metal-plastic, they can be ordered from any construction company. Plastic window designs significantly affect environmental friendliness, so when choosing them you need to decide in advance the issue of quality