We will send the material to you by e-mail
TO The stigma is a functional element of any household and is its calling card. Such a structure should be located at the entrance to the building and fit into the created exterior of the building. By selecting suitable material, you can build a luxurious porch to your house with your own hands. Projects, photos and design drawings can easily be found in our review. In addition to practical functions, this structure performs a decorative function. At the same time, the canopy and railings are decorated with beautiful carvings and other decorative elements.
In many buildings, the porch is part of the project and fits perfectly into the overall exterior
The porch in a private house, photos of which can be viewed on the website, is an open area with a staircase in front of the entrance to the house. It can be of any shape and made from various materials.
Such a structure can be made in the following variations:
- the attached type structure is characterized by greater mobility.
Useful information! To avoid skewed steps and cracks, a foundation must be installed.
Foundation: construction features for all types of porch
A strong foundation is necessary to make a porch for your house with your own hands. Projects, photos and descriptions will help create a high-quality foundation.
The depth of the foundation for the porch and the house must be the same, otherwise the smaller structure may shift. The type of foundation depends on the material of the main structure. If brick or concrete is used, the base must be reinforced.
Installation of the foundation begins with markings. Piles are driven into the corners of the resulting rectangle, and then a trench is made along the contour. For a large canopy you will need to install additional supports. It is recommended to carry out formwork. Boards or chipboards are used for it. It is also important to do waterproofing. In this case, the bottom of the pit is covered with roofing felt. For reinforcement, bricks and a special mesh or are used. Then the concrete mixture is poured. Each layer of mortar must be compacted with a shovel.
Useful information! After pouring, the surface of the foundation must be leveled and covered with roofing felt. The surface of the concrete covering should not get wet in case of rain.
Related article:
Do-it-yourself porch for the house: projects, photos of different types of porch
Help you choose best design porch of a private house photos that can be found on the website. At the same time, it is worth deciding on the material for the future design. Traditional options include wood, concrete, stone and brick or metal.
Metal structures: nuances of the device
Metal products are assembled using electric welding. The structure is assembled from standard parts. If desired, you can use forging elements for a metal porch in a private house. The photo will allow you to choose interesting solutions.
This design is installed in several stages:
- two channels are laid parallel at a distance from future steps. Then a corner is cut to the size of the steps;
- a part equal to the height between the steps is cut off from the corner. Both elements are welded in the shape of the letter L;
- L-shaped parts are attached to the channel;
- then the channels are connected using corners.
Ready. Steps made of any material can be mounted on it. If more than three steps are provided, then railings are installed. The design is completed by a visor.
Concrete options: design features
The concrete structure involves the continuation of the foundation in steps. In this case, reinforcement is used, which will prevent the appearance of cracks. Such a structure requires additional cladding with stone or tiles.
Formwork is made for each step. The finished structure is covered with decorative material.
Useful information! The space between the foundations of the main building and the extension is sealed mineral wool, which provides better structural stability.
Do-it-yourself wooden porch for a private house: installation features
Popular wooden porch to the house, made with your own hands. Projects and photographs of such structures are varied. The best material Larch and other conifers are considered. Such raw materials require special protective impregnations.
Installation wooden structure consists of the following actions:
- making a ladder involves shaping the bowstring. These elements are connected to the base;
- installation of the platform consists of installing shelf boards to the finished base;
- The steps are being installed. At the same time, steps and risers are attached using self-tapping screws;
- The design of the structure is carried out using railings and a canopy.
Useful information! The durability of the structure depends on the correct preparation and processing of the wood. The raw materials must be well dried.
Related article:
Porch made of brick or stone
Making brickwork for a porch is very difficult, since the brick needs to be laid perfectly evenly. It is even more difficult to lay a porch made of stone without certain skills. The chipped edges do not fit together.
TO simple options This includes constructing a staircase from concrete and lining it with stone or brick.
Visor options
An important addition to the extension is the canopy over the porch. The photo on the site allows you to see interesting options of this element.
The canopy is created from timber, metal, plexiglass or metal pipes. Wooden structures must be treated with special solutions every 2-3 years to prevent the wood from deteriorating.
The canopy should protrude at least half a meter beyond the area of the main structure. Piles for the canopy supports are installed at the stage of creating the base. The coating can be polycarbonate, plexiglass or tiles. This element must have a pitched shape.
Useful information! A wooden structure or metal sheets can be painted in several layers.
Which porch is better: glassed or open?
An enclosed porch is often used for a private home. Photos of projects can be found on the Internet. Most often these are transparent structures made of metal and glass. The frame and piles are made of metal. The walls are made of glass. A roof of this type can be combined with a balcony on the second floor.
The glazed version is made with concrete foundation, canopy and ladder. The frame is made using corners. In this case, the corners are attached to the installed piles.
Important! The height of the glass plate can be any, but the width cannot be more than 110 cm, since large sizes cause high windage in the wind.
The porch is an obligatory element of the entrance part of the building and its “business card”. The desire to decorate your own home, taking into account fashion trends and personal taste preferences are inherent in almost everyone. The design of the porch of a private house should emphasize the integrity of the entire structure and make it more attractive. There are many options for designing the entrance of a building, so we invite you to consider the most popular and interesting of them.
Wooden porch
The most popular option remains installation wood flooring on the porch. In most cases, such structures are made from pine wood, as the most inexpensive and popular natural raw material. If the porch is properly sealed, varnished and painted, it will look attractive for many years.
This current method decoration of the facade, which is decorated in country style. This design can be complemented with wood-based porch decor, which will add atmosphere country cottage. Wood can be complemented with stone, which is relevant not only for country style. In private country buildings, these two materials look quite harmonious together and are suitable for finishing platforms, doors and for use as decoration.
Concrete porch
Concrete is considered a universal material, which is cheap and reliable, and is also optimal for making porches. This is a monolithic structure that will not begin to wobble over time, which is sometimes inherent in wooden products. In addition, it can be easily repaired and decorated with any decor. Do not forget that a concrete porch can be various shapes, which will not particularly affect the price and amount of time to complete the task.
Concrete structures can be decorated with tiles, for example, clinker. There are options trimmed with stone, painted, and treated with other materials. IN modern buildings with a facade made of wood, brick or siding, a concrete porch can be left without additional covering. This allows you to emphasize the features of the texture of the walls and their colors.
Brick porch
A brick porch is a more expensive option compared to the previous ones, but it also looks attractive and is considered a fairly reliable solution for decorating a home. Installing the structure may take more time and require serious effort, but in the future the work put in will be more than repaid, since it does not require additional maintenance.
Often, a brick porch has a concrete base or a covering of steps based on other materials. There are also options for laying tiles on the steps. It looks homely, inspires confidence and adds reliability to the building. But be careful, as any step surface you choose should not be slippery, otherwise this area will become potentially dangerous in the cold season due to snow and ice.
Porch made of stone
Natural stone is considered classic version. Such raw materials are distinguished by durability, presentability and strength, which is especially important. There are many varieties of stone, some suitable for the base, and a number of others for creating decorative elements (and the raw materials for making the base will be much more expensive). Although, in general, all types of stone are able to counteract adverse weather conditions, and it will not require additional maintenance for a long time.
If the building is stone, then you can fit in general design porch with columns. Natural stone can be combined with monumental elements. Such a composition will look harmonious.
Metal and wrought iron porch
Usually, when they talk about a forged or metal porch, they mean decorative parts of the structure - awnings, railings, steps, which are made of metal. But sometimes a completely metal porch is installed in a private house.
The main advantage of such structures is increased strength and service life. However, you will have to constantly paint and treat your porch to prevent it from deteriorating due to corrosion. Moreover, a metal floor will be quite cold, so it is not suitable for arranging a terrace. Last option requires a concrete base or wood flooring on a metal base.
Porch with canopy
In most cases, awnings seem to continue the roof and, together with the porch, perform the important function of protection from the effects of precipitation and solar radiation. This is an excellent option for arranging a comfortable entrance to the building.
If the building has architectural features that will not allow installing a canopy over the main entrance, even small size, replace it with a visor. Such a detail will not only partially perform the functions of a canopy, but will also be able to diversify appearance buildings, and if you choose the right product or make it in an original way, it will become a real decoration of the exterior.
Even a small canopy can make an entrance to private house more presentable. Its shade can protect you from the sun, as well as save you from streams of water during the rain if you open the doors or wait for the car.
Porch with steps and railings
If the house has a high foundation and you can install steps that will lead to the main entrance, installing railings will be relevant. This design will make the exterior of the building appear safer and more stable, and will also perform a very specific function and help residents and visitors enter the house in bad weather.
This is a traditional type of design for the entrance to a building. It can be combined with a canopy or canopy, and can also be additionally decorated with various designs to make the composition look complete.
Any owner of a private cottage or estate has at least once wondered what kind of porch design country house choose so that it matches the general architectural style of the building, is comfortable, safe, convenient, cozy, and demonstrates the hospitality of the owners.
Countless options for the porch of a country house, photographs of which are generously replete with the Internet, show us how extraordinary, creative, but at the same time practical and rational the owners are in solving this problem. But such diversity does not add clarity; it is very easy to get confused in the abundance of design solutions.
Semicircular porch with closed vestibule
In the article we systematize information about what types of porches for a home come in shape, style, and size. Let's discuss the pros and cons of closed and open extensions, look at the question of how best to position the steps, and how to properly unfold the staircase. And we will try to fully answer the question, what should be the ideal entrance porch of a private house, photos will help us illustrate the most good ideas for extensions.
Prerequisites
A porch, in essence, is a platform with an adjacent staircase. It can be built-in, designed together with the main building, added with your own hands after the completion of a private house, with its own foundation, or attached-cantilever; it is not fundamental and solid.
An original idea for a private house, a built-in vestibule and open steps from natural stone
Regardless of the stage at which the porch for a private house was built, the optimal slope of the staircase relative to the horizon is 23-45 °, everything above is an extension ladder, below is a ramp.
Types of the porch of a private house, photos of the proper combination of a side staircase, an open terrace and a glazed veranda
Of course, the porch must resonate with the main architectural concept of a private house; it must be safe, beautiful, comfortable, and meet all the needs of the owners.
Original types of porch wooden house, photo of the fortress extension, where logs and rubble stone are successfully combined
But among other conditions, first of all, the porch must be ergonomic, which means comfortable and practical. All the main parameters for the construction of the porch of a private house are regulated by SNiP. So, according to the standards, a comfortable step depth is 270-300 mm, and a height is 120-180 mm, the sum of the corresponding dimensions of the tread and riser should be 450 mm.
Porch in a semicircle, photo of a small open extension for a private house
The width of the stairs for the comfortable passage of one person is 600-900 mm, at a distance of 1200-1450 mm 2 people can easily pass. If the porch consists of three or more steps, then it is recommended to fence it with railings 900-1200 mm high; in private construction, the height of the fence is not strictly regulated.
Photo of the front porch of a private house, semicircular lines of steps visually smooth out the massiveness of the extension
Particular attention is paid to the organization of the upper platform; it is made below the threshold level front door by 50 mm, as required by fire regulations. The recommended depth of the platform is one and a half times the width of the door, but in practice this criterion is often neglected.
Eclecticism, in the photo there is a project for the porch of a wooden house with a high base, the extension includes a terrace and a covered hallway
The width of the upper podium is limited only by the space in front of a private house and personal preferences, so it can be a tiny patch, or a full-fledged terrace encircling the perimeter of the building.
The patio extension allows you to organize a comfortable place to relax in the open air, and at the same time not clutter up the architectural ensemble; semicircular curvilinear shapes “dilute” the clear geometry of the main private house
Shape, size and design features
It should be noted that modern private construction technologies make it possible to build a porch of almost any shape: rectangular, semicircular, curvilinear with smooth or, on the contrary, sharp lines, trapezoidal, multifaceted, etc.
A semicircular porch to a brick house; in addition to smooth rounded lines, the steps have a vague trapezoidal shape, coupled with massive railings, this design balances the dimensions of the building
The semicircular porch smooths out corners and straight lines; such steps provide comfortable entrance to the home from all sides. The soft outlines of the entrance ensemble further emphasize the hospitality of the hosts. Private rectangular porches made of brick, stone or concrete look very impressive; the highlight here is the lowest step, laid out in a semicircle.
A semicircular step made of rough material looks impressive and original
Trapezoidal steps balance the size of the building; they can decrease in size, but sometimes, on the contrary, they expand and smoothly move into the upper platform. A square or rectangular porch gives the building rigor and graphics.
Corner porch of a private house, photo idea of how to simply and compactly divide the stairs into two entrances
Depending on the size of the upper platform, the porch can be:
- a terrace is a large open area with railings;
- patio - a platform with a canopy, most often without fencing;
- veranda - this is the same terrace, but closed and glazed;
- or just a small extension that protects the entrance to the house from dirt, dust and precipitation.
Large carved private terrace with a porch, eclecticism in the photo, a mixture of Russian and romantic styles, high steps and semicircular arched design of the columns in the compartment formed an authentic gazebo for a pleasant stay
It should be noted that private houses are often built with a high base; this may be due to several criteria. Firstly, the project, which provides for a technical floor, secondly, the climatic zone, in snowy regions a high porch is simply a vital necessity, and thirdly, the difficult terrain. An extension on stilts allows you to make full use of even uneven areas, eliminating labor-intensive and sometimes impractical earthworks.
Closed porch of a wooden house, photo of a veranda on an area with uneven terrain
As for the location of the stairs relative to the main platform, they can adjoin strictly perpendicular to the facade of a private house, approach from one or two sides, or encircle the platform in a circle.
Double-flight porch of a house with a high base
If there is not enough space in front of a private house, a porch is usually placed along the facade, or a turning staircase with several flights is made, with terraces-platforms at different levels.
High turning three-flight Russian porch
Stairs located on the sides, on both sides of the site, are the optimal way out for narrow extensions. Such designs are appropriate and justified if there is practically no space in front of a private house, it is necessary to make a narrow extension, and at the same time provide a comfortable entrance for several people.
Small, narrow two-sided porch for a private house
It is very convenient when the steps are located in a circle from the main platform. Typically this technique is used in the construction of small, low porches, when it is necessary to provide an entrance on three sides.
Porch of a private house with steps arranged in a circle
Sometimes simple, but unusual and original ideas for a porch significantly enliven and decorate the architecture of a private house. As a rule, such an extraordinary approach is required to solve several problems at once; the photo below is a clear example of this.
The corner round porch provides entrance to the house from different sides, and at the same time levels the sloping area in front of the house
One of the most effective solutions for the porch of a private house, but it is almost impossible to construct it as a separate extension; this is when the porch is placed under the same roof as the house, or the second floor or balcony is a canopy for the terrace. This configuration is most typical for a Finnish-style porch, where the entrance is most often located on the side.
Corner wooden porch for a Finnish frame house lined with siding
As a rule, such a porch is combined with a veranda or terrace. This design of the entrance group looks solid; it is a very practical solution for private houses with a small garden plot.
Open porch-terrace in Finnish style
Style and materials for a private porch
When developing a style for the porch of a private house, you can use almost any materials suitable for outdoor use, the main thing is that they resonate with the design of the main building.
Concrete porch for a private log cabin
For private construction, as a rule, wood, stone, metal and concrete structures are used, forging and carving are not only decorative decoration, but often significant technical elements extensions, for example, a porch with openwork wrought iron railings and consoles for a canopy, or carved wooden poles and balusters.
Extension made of wood in Russian style
Sometimes it is the combination of several styles at once and different materials as a result, it gives a stunningly beautiful, original and very practical architectural composition of the entrance group.
Semicircular closed porch made of polycarbonate
For example, the combination natural stone and rough boards give the structure the solidity, color and originality that are inherent in mountainous regions. Usually this design technique is used to create a chalet style, and it should be noted that it is very popular in Russian latitudes.
Porch-veranda in a chalet style, the rounded edges of the stone contrast in an original way with the clear geometry of the roof
The Mediterranean style of the entrance architectural ensemble is also very popular in modern design private properties. It should be noted that it can be divided into two types. One incorporates notes of Greek and Roman culture; this style is characterized by a large stone courtyard with gentle multi-tiered steps, beautiful sandstone finishing, and heavy metal elements.
The combination of natural flat rubble stone with sandstone elements is always stylish and sophisticated
Another direction of the Mediterranean style synthesized the flavor of Italian, Spanish and French culture. Typically, this type of private porch design is found in coastal areas with uneven land. The extension consists of open terraces on several levels, paved with paving stones or clinker, connected by small stone stairs. The area near the house is usually lined with deck boards and is protected from the sun by a canopy supported by columns. The perimeter of the terraces is surrounded by massive concrete balusters and wide railings; this splendor is decorated with sculptures, fountains and flower pots.
Mediterranean style porch suitable for private properties rectangular shape located in areas with uneven terrain
Separately, I would like to say about the porch-fortress. As a rule, these are relatively small closed extensions with a roof, which is supported by dimensional support pillars: stone, brick, or thick logs. Such designs give the impression of the reliability of a private home, special charm The porch is enhanced by abundant vegetation.
Enclosed porch brick house, the photo conveys well how simple and laconic forms can enliven the appearance of a building
For rural and country houses small porches with glassed veranda. This design allows you to be closer to nature, and at the same time protects the recreation area from precipitation. In addition, for small private houses this additional opportunity expand living space.
Photo of a closed porch to the house, glass partitions allow you to protect the area from precipitation, and at the same time not block the beautiful view from the veranda
When choosing a look and style for the porch of a private house, do not be afraid extraordinary ideas. A well-planned architectural ensemble of the entrance group can radically change the exterior of the house, adding sophistication, sophistication, individuality, and at the same time comfort and coziness.
Design solutions there are a great variety, and each private porch has its own characteristics, determined by the architecture, landscape, materials and needs of the owners. And what the entrance to your house will be like is up to you to decide.
Fashion for non-standard architectural forms returns. And every home owner wants to give his mansion unusualness and originality. This can be done by building a porch. This architectural element will add elegance to the entrance group of the house and enliven general view buildings, and will also serve as protection from snow and rain.
But what type of extension should you choose so that it fits harmoniously into the exterior of the mansion? We will look at what size, shape, configuration, type and style a porch can be in this article. And photos from our gallery will clearly demonstrate the most worthy options for the porch of a country house.
The design and purpose of the porch
The veranda for the home has become such a common household item that few people think about its role. The main purpose of the extension is to make visiting the home more comfortable for a person.
Since the porch is the center of the building’s facade, it needs to be made as attractive as possible. It is often erected after the construction of the house, so care should be taken to ensure that it matches the style of the mansion. For this purpose, a project for the porch of a country house is being drawn up.
Note: The more harmonious the overall picture is, the more worthy the veranda itself will look.
Photo of the front porch of a private house - classic design
Types of extensions
Modern types of porches for the home are elegant and comfortable structures, built from modern building materials, which decorate the entrance to the home, making it original and functional. Extensions can be classified into several categories.
Size
The first thing to consider when drawing up a porch project for country and village houses, cottages, small dachas- their size. It is determined by the dimensions of the mansion, as well as building regulations (minimum width is 150 cm, length - 180 cm). For the little one suitable for home a small porch of a simple configuration, matching it in style and proportions.
Small extension with neat semicircular steps
A medium-sized concrete structure will fit a standard house. Its height is selected individually, based on the dimensions of the mansion.
Openwork metal forged porch
A luxurious mansion has a large porch. It can be low (with a staircase of only 1-3 steps) and located along the entire length of the wall of the house.
A large terrace for a wooden house is a great place to relax
Advice: Having calculated the optimal dimensions of the extension, they are included in the construction plan.If the building is located on uneven terrain, for a convenient approach to it, a porch of the house with a high base is built. Since the platform is located at a certain height, a staircase with a large number of steps should lead to it, equipped with railings for safe walking along it.
High entrance porch private house, photo
On high porch Rounded columns would not be out of place. These will serve as supports to support the canopy over the outer door.
Advice: with the help design techniques columns can be turned into decorative elements, decorating the front entrance of the house, giving it style and respectability.
High front porch made of concrete with columns
Form
If we regard this design from an aesthetic point of view, it is almost impossible to find two identical porches. Today you can find verandas of various shapes:
- rectangular;
- square;
- trapezoidal;
- semicircular;
- round;
- asymmetrical.
Rectangular and square views of the porch of a private house, photo
The semicircular porch looks unusual and unique. With the help of this simple trick the mansion can be made more original. The photo below shows a semicircular porch to a brick house.
Note: It is not at all necessary that the entire structure has the shape of a circle - a rounded canopy or steps with rounded edges is enough.
Add spice to the architecture of the cottage by adding a semicircular porch, photo
A non-standard solution would also be corner design. A round porch located on the corner of a rectangular house looks very impressive.
Lateral round design focuses attention on the exterior of the building
A corner street extension can be not only round, but also trapezoidal or triangular in shape. The complex geometry of the structure should not be dissonant with the main structure, but create a single concept with it.
An example of an original corner porch of a private house, photo
Placement in relation to the house
Porches can be located differently in relation to the mansion. This way you can build an attached structure - a horizontal platform with steps located in front of the entrance to the house.
Attached design for a summer house with a semicircular canopy
The built-in porch, which has a common roof with the house, looks elegant. Such a combined extension should create a single architectural ensemble with the mansion and the adjacent plot.
Cozy internal veranda can be used as a place to relax
Materials
When developing a porch design, you can choose any materials that match the style of the house, from traditional (wood and natural stone) to more modern (concrete, metal, brick).
By type
In construction, there are several structural types of porches. An open structure is an extension with a small platform, not equipped with a canopy or railings. This design is used in places that are used mainly in the summer (for example, in the country).
Advice: Open-type structures should not be built in areas where precipitation occurs frequently.
Open porch with semicircular granite steps
A structure equipped with a roof or canopy is a covered structure. It has no walls, only railings that protect the extension from the street.
Outdoor covered structure
A structure with walls or glass panels and a canopy is called enclosed. The room is a full-fledged veranda, can have lighting and heating and be used as a gazebo.
Original glass enclosed porch of a brick house, photo
A type of closed extension is a porch with a vestibule. This is a small-area design that provides a comfortable microclimate in the home.
Note: vestibule - a transition zone on the border with the street, protecting housing from the cold.
Photo of a closed porch to a house like a vestibule
A popular type of extension is a porch-veranda. It is a place for leisure and recreation, and can be closed or open.
Enclosed polycarbonate porch - modern design
A harmonious addition to a cottage made of natural wood will wooden veranda. And if the extension is closed, it will only improve the thermal insulation of the mansion.
Small closed porch of a wooden house, photo
If the mansion has more than one floor, then you can connect the porch to the balcony. In this case, the connecting element can be columns. In the same way, you can combine the platform with a bay window - the protruding part of the second floor.
Porch with bay window under the balcony
A spacious porch-terrace can be used as a place to relax. The large area can accommodate a table, chairs and even sun loungers.
An open terrace with a porch is located under a common roof with the house
An option for a non-traditional design design is a mini gazebo on the terrace. With the help of plants and comfortable furniture, the structure can be made more comfortable.
Round porch-gazebo
Extensions may differ not only in purpose and design, but also in the design of the staircase. A staircase with one flight is considered standard, but there are other varieties.
Staircase with flight on two sides
Exit to the site can even be organized from three sides, and the staircase itself can be semicircular or complex geometric in shape.
Note: the canopy and railings not only perform practical functions, but also serve as elements of decoration and design of the entrance group of the mansion.
Beautiful staircase built in a semicircle
Stylistics
In order for the extension to harmonize with the house, it is better to think through its design in advance. Thus, a stone structure can be designed in the style of a medieval fortress. To design it can be used facing stone, forging.
Play with contrasts - decorate the stone structure with fresh flowers
Adherents of strict lines and symmetry will like classic design European-style extensions. Its components are glass door, openwork lattice, many colors.
An extension created in the best European traditions
How to make a veranda for a wooden Finnish house? Project of a porch of a wooden house in Scandinavian style provides a symmetrical facade with a porch of simple design (with a canopy and stairs). And when designing and finishing it, they try to preserve the texture of natural wood.
Neat extension in Finnish style
Porch village house made of wood can also be decorated in the Russian style. For this, logs and carved parts are used.
Russian style - types of porch of a wooden house, photo
How to build a porch and what design to choose
The main parameter by which the type and configuration of the extension is chosen is its combination with the mansion. Everything needs to be planned out at the design stage. To prevent the structure from sagging, it must be built on a strong and solid foundation(according to all SNIP standards). A canopy is erected for protection from bad weather. Thus, the porch of a mansion is not only an important architectural element, but also a relaxation and comfort area.
Bottom line
The porch, like a business card of the house, can be of any configuration and size. The most important thing is that the structure protects the mansion from cold and bad weather, and also creates an overall harmonious architectural ensemble with it.
Probably everyone knows that the porch in any house must have functionality and also fit harmoniously into the exterior of the building itself, because it is considered the calling card. There are many different options how best to implement the construction of a porch for a private house. All this directly depends on your taste, the chosen material and the overall budget. With all this, we can easily say that building a strong and durable porch with your own hands is quite possible.
The porch itself consists of a completely open area, often along with a staircase located in front of the entrance to the house. It can be of absolutely any shape, optionally with or without a canopy, and also made of different materials.
In principle, the entire structure of the porch to the house can be divided into three types:
1. Attached;
2. Built-in;
3. Simple.
How are they different?
Simple - this is an ordinary platform along with steps and, of course, a canopy. When assembling this type of porch with your own hands, the most difficult thing is pouring the foundation, since it is necessary even for a simple wooden porch structure.
A do-it-yourself built-in porch is initially designed together with the house, so it is built completely.
The attached type does not have any external differences with the built-in version, the only thing is that it is slightly modified and slightly rebuilt. The advantage is that such a porch can be easily added with your own hands through minor alterations.
Remember! For any porch a foundation is required; it is this that prevents the slightest deformation of the steps during seasonal changes temperatures
Building a foundation for all types of porches
The most important thing is that the main foundation of the porch to the house should be similar to the foundation of the house. If this is not the case, then during ground settlement and winter frosts, your structure will simply become deformed. It is also possible that during soil settlement, your structure will move towards the house and then the porch foundation will be the first to suffer, since it is less massive. To correct this situation, minor repairs will not be enough and you will have to rebuild everything again.
Since the screened porch is not intended for habitation, and there is no huge furniture there, it is possible to use an ordinary concrete pad, which will serve as the foundation itself.
However, when choosing concrete, any brick (white, red) or facing stone, the foundation must be reinforced. The fact is that this design puts a much greater load on the foundation itself than a wooden porch to the house.
Setting up the foundation for the porch with your own hands must begin directly with the markings. First, define a rectangular area the right size, the main thing is not to forget that the porch itself must fit here. Then you should drive piles into each corner of the rectangle and then start digging a pit along the contour. Its depth should be no less than the main foundation.
Advice! There is no need to lay the foundation very deep. Of course, the load during the displacement of the foundation will become a little less, but it is simply impossible to avoid them completely, with the slightest settlement of the soil or sudden changes in temperature.
If you decide to install a canopy over the porch, then you will need to install supports, the rectangle for the foundation pit should be increased on all sides by another 20-30 cm, and the piles can be driven in after the construction of the porch is completed.
To accomplish this, you will need to leave small rectangles of unexcavated area (about 20x20, perhaps 30x30 cm) at the points where the support will be installed a little later. Then you need to drill wells in each area, install the support well, drive it in as much as possible and be sure to carefully fill it with concrete.
In this case, formwork is very suitable, although if the soil is rocky, then in principle it is possible without it. To make it, you can use absolutely everything - chipboard, wood-laminated board and ordinary boards that turned out to be superfluous after construction. The main thing to remember is that plywood (laminated wood) and chipboard are quite hygroscopic, so during rains, rise groundwater, they will begin to quickly creep, which is why, after the concrete hardens, it is recommended to remove the formwork.
Do not throw away the remaining cuttings of boards that are coniferous wood, because the lumber of this tree has only positive features: after being completely saturated with water, they become much stronger and retain their elasticity.
Advice! If severe deformation occurs in the soil, for example, if your house is located on a slope or on a mountain, then coniferous formwork acts as a damper.
The most important and main element when building a porch foundation with your own hands is waterproofing. In order to equip it, you need to lay roofing material on the bottom of the pit, and then on the entire surface inside the formwork. Reinforcement is done using bricks high quality, on which it is necessary to place a grid and secure the grid with pre-prepared pieces of reinforcement.
Similar to this principle, the pit is filled with several layers, which include bricks along with a mesh, and then the structure is completely filled with concrete. To avoid the formation of voids, after each poured layer you should compact it thoroughly with a shovel.
Advice! To compact concrete well, it is better to purchase an electric vibrating compactor; if you do not have one, then rent it.
Due to the fact that the concrete dries for about a week, you will need to immediately level the surface of the foundation and be sure to cover it with roofing material with an overlap of about 50-60 cm on each edge, you can also use ordinary construction film. They will help protect the surface layer from any rain, as large number water can make it quite fragile in the future, and then your foundation will simply be damaged.
If the need arises, you can cut off the top of the finished timber, then the piles will be at the same level. But try to calculate the height of the supports taking into account the entrance door, so the height difference should be about 5 cm. The logs are attached using self-tapping screws or dowels - it depends on the material of your wall.
DIY porch to the house. Projects. Photo
Often used for construction traditional materials:
- tree;
- white, red brick;
- facing stone;
- metal;
- high-quality concrete.
DIY wooden porch
How to make a porch out of wood with your own hands? Today it is the most common material for construction. This is due to the fact that the tree is quite simple to manufacture and therefore building a porch from it with your own hands is quite easy and quick. To do this, you just need to have in stock circular saw(you can use the most ordinary one, but it must have the finest teeth - this will greatly help in cutting accuracy), a special construction square and skillful hands.
Larch has long been considered the ideal material, followed by spruce and other conifers. Each of them is very durable and quite easy to process. The most interesting thing is that after impregnation, the material that is made from them is practically in no way inferior to oak or some other species that are several times harder.
Important to remember! To work with solid elements you will need good skill, necessary tools and most importantly - specific knowledge in this area. For example, the quality of drying oak material can only be determined by an experienced carpenter.
First of all, you will need to make a side angle (kosour). Since it is very impractical to make a porch to wooden house with your own hands, the width is less than 120 cm, then you will need at least three beams. It is best if the distance between them is about half a meter, this will make it much easier for you.
This approach will help ensure your porch has the strength, and most importantly, the durability of the structure you made yourself, regardless of how often the stairs will be used and with what weight load.
You need to know this! A stringer is a load-bearing beam in which teeth are cut; it plays an important role inside the support. It is advisable to lay the steps only on the horizontal ribs of these same teeth.
The bowstring (also called an inclined beam) must necessarily be several times thicker than the stringer itself. They are connected using cross beams. At the end, the required number of stringers is fixed between them.
You will definitely need a square to cut out the ribs and make even steps. The void between the teeth, even if it is 5-6 mm, will quickly cause the steps to sag slightly on one side and swell on the other. Sudden changes in temperature will significantly increase the difference in the levels of the steps.
It is customary to make the width of the steps according to the size of an adult’s foot, but it is better to take it with a margin, it is approximately 40 cm. The height between each step (riser) does not need to be more than 20 cm.
It should be remembered that the number of steps must be odd and for this one additional edge should be provided. If there are four steps or more, you will need to make a railing for the porch to the house.
With a glazed porch and the stairs securely covered from moisture, you can do without overhanging steps. However, if the staircase is located outside, then an overhang is simply necessary, since thanks to it, water will drip onto the lower step, and not between them into the riser.
Advice! A ready-made staircase should be installed according to a special principle, so that the plane of the steps is slightly inclined (about 1-2 cm). This will help the water flow down instead of pooling and forming ice.
The structure is installed directly on a pre-prepared site, which is the foundation. In order for your porch to the house to be as strong as possible, you should install the ladder exactly in the place in the foundation where the lower beam along with the stringers was previously laid. You can also use it to push a small depression if the concrete has not completely hardened. This way you will get a fairly strong stop.
For the flooring in the upper landing, you can take the material that was used for the stairs. In this case, there is only one requirement: it is recommended to use the widest and longest boards that are available, and make the joints as precise as possible. When the boards are ground to each other as much as possible, you can not be afraid of deformation, even if the whole tree begins to dry out over time.
It will take approximately 3 to 7 days of work to build a wooden porch with your own hands. It all depends on the size of your site, on the stairs and, of course, on your skills in working directly with wood, but even a beginner can cope with all this. The most important thing is to divide the work into stages and do everything one by one, following the recommendations and instructions.
Metal porch
How to make a porch from metal? A porch that is made of metal has a very big advantage - it can be installed in about a few hours if you know how to use electric welding in your work. Besides this, metal structure It will cost several times less if you do not buy forged elements. However, there are also disadvantages - you will have to assemble a standard porch with your own hands, and therefore it will not look very beautiful and original, unlike others. If you want to make a beautiful porch with your own hands, you can buy forged products, but they will need to wait up to 4 weeks (it all depends on the volume of your order).
Don’t be upset if your budget is limited, because even a primitive metal staircase can be made very impressive and beautiful, the main thing for this is desire and imagination. For the most easy option Channels, corners and mandatory filling material are used. They can be: porcelain stoneware, wood or chipboard.
For a regular metal porch, you will definitely need two channels of the same length. They are attached parallel to each other at a distance that is equal to the size of the steps. After this, mark the corners and cut them to the same length as the steps, but at the same time adding a few centimeters along the edges to apply a welding seam.
In the same way, small pieces are cut off from the corners and these two pieces are welded in the letter “G” (the frame edge must be in the cut). The number of such parts should be equal to the number of steps on your porch. Next, they are welded closely to the channel, and as a result you get a high-quality metal oblique. Similarly to this principle, another oblique angle is made using a second channel.
After all these steps, the resulting elements need to be connected in pairs on the side where the corners are cut to fit the width of the future staircase. This creates an outline of the steps, and the corner located under the riser should turn upside down (thus creating a side).
Your staircase is almost ready. Now it all depends on your taste. A wooden step attached in any way to the resulting frame will look most beautiful. Even if you don’t have a lot of experience in welding, assembling such a porch with your own hands will generally take 2-3 hours.
Concrete porch
How to make a porch from concrete? This option is considered a continuation of the laid foundation, but only with reinforcement of all steps. This is done so that after a couple of months chips do not form due to constant heavy loads. Due to the fact that concrete porches are usually covered with a special facing tiles, gradually deteriorating concrete immediately forms chips and then cracks in the cladding itself.
On a pre-prepared foundation, you can assemble the formwork, which will serve as the bottom step. It should be taken into account that the height of the step, due to the weight load, must necessarily be 2 cm greater than that of the others. Next, a similar procedure is carried out as when building a reinforced foundation for a porch. The only difference is that in this case there is no need to spare the reinforcement.
Advice! It is recommended to close the resulting gap between the two foundations with mineral wool. This method will create a good expansion joint.
The formwork for the steps can be prepared in advance - this will help save work time. However, it is much safer and easier to fill each step with concrete in turn, and even better if, before pouring a new step, the solution of the previous one will have time to set.
In the end, it is necessary to level the already completely frozen structure, and then cover it with any tile intended for a metal porch or with stone.
The time spent on work directly depends on the use of complete formwork, as well as on the formation of each step in turn or all at once. On average, you will need a week to work if you do everything at once, or a week for each step for the concrete to completely harden.
Porch made of brick or stone
How to make a porch from brick or stone? This is probably the most difficult version of the porch. This is because it is much easier to work with a brick foundation, where you do not need precision, than to lay out the stone as evenly as possible.
Brick should be laid only if there are several assistants who will thoroughly mix the concrete all this time. With stone, everything is much more complicated, because the chipped edges cannot be matched perfectly to each other. In general, if you do not have at least some experience in this activity and at least two people to help, then this type of porch should be abandoned immediately, otherwise you will simply waste your time and all the material.
It will be much easier to do concrete stairs, and then select material for steps that will be of a similar size. After this, they should be placed in one layer on a “frame” of concrete, which has been leveled in advance. This method has a huge advantage, since if you make a mistake, you can easily break off the lining of the desired area and re-finish it.
Construction of the canopy
A canopy is, first of all, protection of the platform and steps from various natural precipitation, as well as the opportunity to independently decorate the porch with your own hands in a house or country house, beautifully and in a short time. It is often made from durable metal pipes; for the frame itself it is used coniferous trees or, in extreme cases, metal, but for cladding they take any wood or plexiglass.
Canopies made of wood will need to be tinted at least 2 times annually or treated with special products instead, otherwise it will gradually begin to dry out and then split longitudinally. When using plexiglass, it is better to make the spans between them approximately 0.7 m2. It is strictly not recommended to use glass, as it can easily crack in winter during snow or due to deformation of the frames.
The total area of the canopy must be half a meter larger than the porch itself, otherwise it will not be able to fulfill its purpose. main function– protection.
The simplest and most quick option- this is to make something similar to a metal ladder. Then the distance between each step can be made approximately 0.5 m. In this case, you will no longer need L-shaped elements and a channel, because the load on the canopy itself will be several times less and only the corners in the outer frame will be enough. But filling with wood or porcelain stoneware can easily be replaced with any other material.
When pouring the foundation, during the formation of the base, piles must be installed, and it is on them that the canopy should be placed. In addition, this will help in the future to completely glaze the veranda in just a couple of days, if desired.
For the coating, it is better to take a metal sheet along with tiles, but it will be much more effective and beautiful if you use plexiglass and polycarbonate.
Advice! To avoid rust on worn metal sheet, you can easily paint it with several layers of paint.
Be sure to make the canopy pitched, and in the place where the lower rib will be, carefully weld a metal gutter with a slight slope. Attach an ordinary chain at the very end that will reach the ground and thus water will not splash during rain. Due to the fact that water has excellent viscosity and easy fluidity, it will begin to flow slowly along this chain. If you want to somehow get rid of the appearance of puddles near the porch, make drainage.
How to glaze a porch yourself
The most common option is a closed porch. In this case, concrete and stone foundations along with a canopy and stairs, always attached to piles, are very popular.
Using the corners, which must coincide with the height of the piles in the canopy, a frame is formed. They are well welded to the piles, and then double frames made of wood and glass are inserted.
Advice! The glass sheet can be of absolutely any height, but the width should not be more than 120 cm, because the windage of this glass is high and even a light wind can seriously damage it.
If the void between the piles is more than one meter, then break them up with pseudo-piles. To do this, at the top and bottom of the piles a corner is welded inward, and then between them a double corner is welded, which will form a pseudo-pile. Similarly, you need to divide the height, which forms a horizontal beam from several double corners. Thanks to this, the load on the glass will be significantly reduced, and the structure itself will look light and beautiful.
The most common mistakes made during porch construction
1. Building a porch with your own hands using low-quality concrete (below grade 200). This concrete itself is quite loose, which is why it will be difficult to finish it, since other mixtures have much higher strength after complete drying. In this case, temperature changes can seriously damage the lining. The very foundation, which will subsequently remain open, will begin to collapse in summer period, and the brick steps will collapse even faster.
2. Lack of good waterproofing. If waterproofing of the porch to the house is not done in a timely manner, this will lead to a huge accumulation of moisture below, as a result of which during frosts the structure will gradually begin to collapse. The steps will suffer the most, since they are the ones that get wet first.
3. Leveling the steps and plastering was done only a few days after concreting was completed. If there is a long break in time, then all the layers will stop holding together without additional lubrication in the structure itself, or at best they will, but very weakly. Do not forget that the place where the plaster adheres to the screeds is considered the most vulnerable.
4. The foundation was built without reinforcement at the base. If you do not have reinforcement, then the porch to the house will simply split into two separate parts at the slightest subsidence. It will be impossible to repair this.
5. The porch was attached to the foundation of the house itself without special expansion joints. A porch can only be securely attached if the house and the porch have a common foundation. If this is not done, a sedimentary crack will appear right at the border of the two foundations. To avoid this, the seam facing bricks or the tiles need to be placed on one border and the gaps filled silicone sealant and in no case by grout.
So, you don’t need any specific skills to build a porch with your own hands. Each operation is considered basic in construction and therefore even a beginner with skillful hands can do everything.
DIY porch to the house. Video