Screw for grape press. Homemade press for apples and grapes. What material to make a device for home use

Manufacturing instructions

Their length should be 60-70cm. The width of the device will depend on the size of the rollers. Optimal Width 20 cm. The length of the rollers and the distance between the bars should be the same. For the press, it is recommended to use corrugated rolls with a depth of 3 cm. The product should be directed to the axes of the rolls in a helical manner.

Application rules

Grape press

For people growing grapes on their plots, the issue of processing the resulting crop is always relevant. It is usually used to make juice, vinegar or homemade wine. One of the most effective modern appliances for these purposes, a grape press is considered.

The principle of operation of the press for crushing grapes

This unit usually consists of:

• gears;
• rollers (2pcs) with a corrugated surface, made of stainless steel or wood, about 25 cm long and 10 cm in diameter;
• pens;
• 2 containers: for crushed berries and juice.

The corrugated rollers are connected to the gears, which, when the handle is turned, are set in the opposite direction to each other. The distance between the gears is adjusted according to the size of the processed fruits, but should be within 3 - 8 mm. As a result of this movement, the berries are compressed, and the squeezed juice is poured into the prepared container.

On the this moment There are many varieties of juice presses.

Types of presses for pressing grapes

Depending on the effort applied, the grape presses are manual (mechanical) and electric (automated).

The operation of manual press machines can be based on the operation of various mechanisms:

• jack - in them the usual squeezing of berries placed in a loading container or a special burlap takes place;
• screw (screw press for grapes) - the principle of operation is based on the performance of a double action: the movement of berries and pressure on them.

In turn, automated models of grape presses differ in the drive used to create pressure: hydraulic (water) and pneumatic (compressed air).

Also, presses can be designed to work with only one type of berries or fruits (for grapes, for greens) or be universal - capable of squeezing juice from any product.

Depending on what the main basket is made of, grape presses are: wooden (from hard rock beech or oak), cast iron and stainless steel.

By size and power, grape presses are divided into household (used at home) and production models.

For the home, small simple manual or automated models with medium power are usually chosen.

do-it-yourself grape press video

If you need to get a small amount of juice, then at home, like a grape press, you can use a mechanical auger juicer or crush the berries with a crush and squeeze in gauze. It should be borne in mind that when using a hydraulic press, due to the automation of the process, a larger amount of juice is obtained than when working on a manual press.

The grape press has many advantages:

When buying a press for home grape processing, you should choose models without metal parts, since the juice, after interacting with iron, oxidizes, darkens and becomes unsuitable for drinking or making homemade wine.

Manufacturing instructions

For the press, you should take 2 pipe racks with a diameter of about 22 mm. Next, weld a U-shaped profile to the pipes. The profile height should be chosen so that the screw nut fits freely inside. At the base, weld a clamp to each pipe. Thanks to these clamps, the press can be attached to the windowsill. For the construction of the frame, you need to take wooden blocks section 4*10cm.

Video: DIY juice press

Their length should be 60-70cm.

Do-it-yourself press for grapes and berries

The width of the device will depend on the size of the rollers. The optimal width is 20 cm. The length of the rollers and the distance between the bars should be the same. For the press, it is recommended to use corrugated rolls with a depth of 3 cm. The product should be directed to the axes of the rolls in a helical manner.

In this case, for every 10 cm of the roll, it is necessary to make a shift of 2 cm. Further, this mechanism is fixed to the frame with the help of bearings. The rotation of the roll will be carried out at different speeds, so the gears must be used with different diameters.

A bucket is needed to load berries. It is desirable that it be pyramidal in shape. Install the bucket on the cross rails of the frame. If possible, the distance between the wooden bucket and the roller should be a minimum of no more than 1 cm.

At the base of the press, it is necessary to install a vessel where the juice will accumulate. For normal compression of the fruit between the rolls, the gaps should be made manageable. The gaps between the crushing rolls allow you to leave

Application rules

After manufacturing, the press can be placed and fixed to any support. Before work, the grape crusher must be installed on a flat surface and well fixed.

A manual crusher must be installed on a container for collecting pulp. To do this, you can use barrels or tanks made of plastic or stainless steel. To obtain juice, berries are loaded into the loading bucket. From there they spill out onto the windrows. A strong napkin must be placed at the bottom of the basket, from which the cake is then removed.

During rotation, the berries are crushed, and then turn into a mass like mashed potatoes, from which the juice comes out. Before loading the berries into the receiving bucket, they are removed from the bunch and washed well. It is not necessary to remove the skin from the berries, thanks to which the juice has a pleasant aroma.

After processing the crop, the device should be washed and dried well to avoid rotting. A homemade press greatly simplifies the work of processing berries, especially when harvested crop is about 200 kg.

Video about the principle of operation of the press for grapes:

True, the press and the cylinder turned out to be fairly smeared with some kind of technical lubricant - either grease, or something else. And, of course, before pressing the juice, it was necessary to wash it thoroughly.
Lowering the piston to the very end, when the press handle touches the body, you understand that this is not the very bottom. That is, there remains a “pancake” of grapes 4.5 cm high. And even whole berries come across in these 4.5 cm. Do-it-yourself screw press for grapes And there is a lot of juice. We tried to disassemble this “pancake” with our hands and squeeze it out again. But even after the second spin, they simply squeezed out another half-liter of juice with their hands, wrapping the remains in gauze.

home comfort

How to make a grape press with your own hands?

To date, there are several ways to make and grow grapes, both at home and in industrial conditions. However, what remains unchanged is the technology of squeezing fresh juice from berries. In it, regardless of the place and type of production, a special press for grapes is used. Of course, in the industry, its dimensions and performance are much larger. homemade options, however, it is simply not advisable to purchase such a device for home purposes, because for 10 or even 50 liters of wine, hand-made devices are quite enough. But absolutely everyone can make a grape press with their own hands, while spending a minimum of money, time and effort on work.

Making a roller crusher

As you know, this device is able to extract all useful substances, vitamins and mineral salts from fruits. Therefore, for high-quality grinding of berries, it is necessary to install a roller crusher. You can make it with the help of improvised tools. All you need to make is wooden frame, loading bucket and 2 rolls mounted in bearings on the frame. And, of course, do not forget to make a handle for rotation. Basically, the main material here is wood, so no welding machines and other complex devices, we will not use.

More about materials

In order to make a frame, you need to prepare several wooden bars approximately 60-70 centimeters long with a section of 10x4 cm. In this case, the width of the finished device will be envy of the size of the rollers. Optimal size the average is approximately 15-20 centimeters. In this case, the distance between the transverse bars should be equal to the sum of the lengths of the rolls. When calculating this distance, add another 10 cm to the resulting value. So you get the most optimal and practical design in size.

Related videos

We make a grape press with our own hands: installing rolls

As for these tools, they need to be made corrugated. The depth of each reef should be about 2-3 centimeters. Finished goods must be directed to the axes of the rolls in a helical manner, making a slight shift within 2 centimeters for every 10 cm of the roll. The resulting mechanism should be fixed on the main frame, that is, on a home grape press, and ensure movement with the help of bearings. Remember that the rolls will rotate on the axis at different speeds, so gears must be used with different diameters. Make the gear ratio 1:2. If the size of the gears is the same, you will have to do this work with the rolls, reducing their dimensions for this gear ratio. Only then will your homemade grape press be able to provide different rotation speeds for the berries.

Next, you need to fix over the rolls wooden bucket pyramidal shape and handle. The latter must be attached to one of the sides of the mechanism. When making a grape press with your own hands, do not forget to install a vessel in its lower part to receive the squeezed raw materials. Make the gap between the rolls manageable to ensure normal compression of the fruits, depending on their size. Everything, at this stage, a do-it-yourself grape press has been successfully made!

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We bought it in Ukraine, according to the ad. It is called in the common people a grape crusher. For ourselves, we defined it as a press for obtaining juice from grapes, or simply a press for grapes. The advertisement for the sale of the press was given by a man who, in Soviet times he made at the factory, like many in those days.

The design is simple: a hand press, a stainless steel cylinder with holes and a tray with a groove through which the juice flows.
True, the press and the cylinder turned out to be fairly smeared with some kind of technical lubricant - either grease, or something else. Presses for grapes: selection rules and self-production And, of course, before pressing the juice, it was necessary to wash it thoroughly. We asked the seller what the press is smeared with and what is the best way to wash it off, since we want to use it to get food. The seller replied that he probably did not know what kind of lubricant was used. He advised to take technical gasoline "Galosha" for degreasing for washing, detergent for dishes such as "Fairy" and alcohol. They didn’t take risks with gasoline, they were afraid that it would be difficult to wash it later, so they washed it right away with Fairy, and then with technical alcohol. The most difficult thing was to wash the threads on the press, which can only be done with a fine brush.
Washed, dried. Carefully fixed on the table. And they started squeezing juice. And since we did not have instructions for using it, and, unfortunately, the Internet was not “at hand”, we mastered the nuances in practice.
The first misfortune - the piston came off the press, it was long and hard to strengthen it, because the hole in the piston for attaching to the press was not centered. And how he was planted on the press at all is not clear.
The second bad luck is to fix it so that the press does not move during operation and does not fall. By the way, it weighs more than 10 kg. The bolt cutouts on the base are very small. Well, those issues have been resolved. We drilled a hole in the center of the piston, fixed it on the press. They attached the press to the table, placing washers under the screws. True, holes had to be made in the table, but they did not come up with another option.
And they began to squeeze the juice from the grapes. Effort, as it turned out, needs to be made unfeminine. At the same time, juice splashes through the holes in the press cylinder when grapes are crushed, and even grape seeds are shot, falling into a saucepan with juice. As we found out later, to prevent this from happening, you need to put the grapes in a canvas bag, and then squeeze the juice out of it.
Lowering the piston to the very end, when the press handle touches the body, you understand that this is not the very bottom. That is, there remains a “pancake” of grapes 4.5 cm high. And even whole berries come across in these 4.5 cm. And there is a lot of juice. We tried to disassemble this “pancake” with our hands and squeeze it out again. But even after the second spin, they simply squeezed out another half-liter of juice with their hands, wrapping the remains in gauze.

The press on self-tapping screws could not resist, jumped off after a while. I had to re-screw and make more holes in the table.

And since we pressed the juice on the street, about three dozen bees flocked. I had to stop and put everything away. We continued when the bees lost interest in us. Again, not for long.

But in the end they came to the conclusion that if you adapt and take into account all the features, then you can squeeze the juice quickly and good quality. And make the grape juice press your good friend.

The main tool for creating wine and juice at home with your own hands is a grape press. This device is used by both amateurs and industrial enterprises. However, a self-made grape press is very different from an industrial device.

Design features

Consider the main characteristics inherent in the home press.

• This device is needed so that you can get grape juice High Quality. How good the juice or wine will be depends on how the fermentation goes.
• The main function of the press is the separation of juice from the pulp, seeds and skin of grapes.
• Subsequently, this juice is squeezed out. A significant feature is that the juice is separated from the pulp with virtually no damage to the bones or brushes.
• This design for separating the must from the pulp consists of several gears, rollers with a wavy surface, and two empty containers. The grapes are crushed in the first container, and the resulting juice enters the second container.
• Rollers are fixed on the gears. The design has a special handle with which the press is rotated, as a result of which these two elements begin to rotate towards each other.

• The press is built into the device special system, thanks to which you can control the gap between the gear and the roller. Thanks to this mechanism, you can easily squeeze juice from any other fruits and vegetables using this device.
• The smallest gap distance is 0.3cm and the largest is 0.8cm.
• This design is considered a pressure device, regardless of its subspecies: hydraulic, manual or screw press. In addition to such a device, a stove and a basket are attached. This is where the grape juice separates from the skin.
• Installed between two disks drainage system, through which the resulting juice is drained.
• Under the press there is a special rod with a continuous helical surface. With the help of it, unnecessary products are eliminated after draining the juice.
• The end result of the process of passing the grapes through the press is pure juice drained into an empty container.

Any device designed for pressing grapes, apples or other fruits includes 4 stages of pressing:

• first, the grape juice is separated from the pulp under a slope using its own gravity;
• obtaining juice of the first pressure;
• obtaining juice of the second pressure;
• obtaining juice of the third pressure.

Varieties of devices

Before you buy a press for squeezing grape juice or other fruits and vegetables, you need to carefully study all the varieties of these devices.

All industrial presses for wringing can be divided into the following categories.

mechanical press

Such a device is a fixed cast-iron base on which a special basket made of wood is installed. This solution is characterized by good performance, reasonable price and small dimensions. A mechanical device for squeezing fruits and vegetables, many winemakers consider ideal solution for making juice at home.

However, such a device is only suitable for processing a small amount of fruit, since physical force will have to be used to operate it.

Electric press

This subgroup includes two more types of press: hydraulic and pneumatic. Such devices are made of excellent quality stainless steel, so that the press will not rust. This solution will not add any side flavors to your juice. Hydraulic press works with water, pneumatic - with the help of high pressure air, which is created by a special pump. Both the hydraulic and pneumatic versions of the pump operate on electric current only.

The main advantage of this solution is high device performance.

Universal press

Many people want their device to be able to squeeze juice not only from grapes, but also from any other fruit and vegetable. Universal presses have long established themselves on the market and are in great demand because they can be used to squeeze juice from apples, cherries, oranges and other crops. This greatly expands the possibilities of making juices and wines.

Each winemaker can buy a five-liter device for pressing grapes and use it at home. All press options are similar in function, however, the material from which the structure is made often differs. The most popular are 2 types of devices: a press made of wood and metal.

• wooden version is environmentally friendly, and does not cause any harm to human health. However, it is very difficult to take care of such a device, since after each use you will have to rinse the device very thoroughly and disinfect it.
• Metal variant The device is an alloy of cast iron and stainless steel. If the design is based on metal, then this device will be durable. The press, made of metal, is very easy to use and is hygienic, as it does not add any extra tastes and smells to the resulting grape juice.

How to make a press with your own hands?

AT modern world in conditions home use juicers and food processors easily outshine a full-fledged mechanical press. With their help, you can easily squeeze juice from grapes or other fruits and vegetables, however, not every owner will be satisfied with the result. The main disadvantage of food processors is that too much pulp remains in the resulting juice, and not everyone likes this.

You can also buy a special screw press, produced at the factory, which is able to perfectly perform all the functions of juicers much better than themselves. However, not all people are ready to buy something that you can assemble yourself with little effort.

Below we will consider one of the easiest types of grape press, which does not require any drawings. With this design, you can easily squeeze out your entire crop.

• First you need to pick up large dishes. This is where we put the berries. Experts recommend using a drum from washing machine. Using a drill on the walls of the vessel, you need to make small holes in a chaotic manner.
• Next, you will need dishes with a diameter larger than the drum of the machine. It should be a round dish without a bottom.
• In a container that is larger in diameter, you need to install the drum of the washing machine, and place a small wooden plank in the distance between the containers.

• A U-shaped frame should be built from wood. On the resulting "horizontal bar" you need to fix undercarriage. It is a fairly dense pancake made of cast iron or stainless steel. It is fixed on the frame with a special lever, for this the frame should be drilled.
• Both containers must be installed in a large basin. It also drills a small hole the size of a hose. A hose must be connected to this basin in order to separate the resulting juice.
• The crossbar in the shape of the letter "P" should be firmly fixed in the ground, it is the main part of this design. Subsequently, an assembly is installed on it, consisting of a basin made of food-grade polymers, and a pair of vessels fixed in each other.
• You will need another large empty container. A hose that comes out of your structure will be sent to it. Ready grape juice will begin to merge here.
• Place the berries in the drum of the washing machine, and cover with a metal sheet or cover with boards. On top you need to put a cast-iron pancake. The force of pressure should be controlled with a lever.
• As a result of the manipulations, you get grape juice, which is drained through a hose into an empty container.

Experienced winemakers do not recommend pressing grape softness more than 2-3 times.

Grape juice obtained after the first pressing is excellent for quality wines or expensive fruit drinks.

How to make a grape press, see the following video.

I live in a house where grapes have been growing for over 40 years and I don't know what to do with them (it has seeds, so I don't eat much of it). I also have a great cellar and project room, and this year I decided to try making wine. Having tried to make grape jam last year, I realized that it is inconvenient and inefficient to do this with a potato crusher.

I visited a local winery and asked about the brewing process and basic materials. The store manager said that 50 kg of grapes can make 35-40 liters of wine. From what I remember last year, we took about 7 kilos of grapes (including stems) and got about 3 liters of juice after 45 minutes of rubbing and squeezing through a cloth. If we want to process all 50 kg, we need a more efficient way of processing.

My basic crusher plan was to use a car jack to push a disc into a perforated pot to crush the grapes. A little later you will see drawings of what I got and how to make a grape press with my own hands.

Step 1: Materials and Tools

I didn't want to spend too much on a grape press, since good money can buy a juicer in the store.

Materials:

• Large pot - 700 rubles.
• (2 pcs.) Boards 50x100, which were found at hand - for free.
• (2 pcs.) Pieces of plywood 30x30 20mm thick, which were found at hand
• (2 pcs.) Plastic cutting boards - free of charge.
• 1 meter floor plinth- 150 rubles.
• Nails - 60 rubles.
• 6 cm Locking bolts and washers - 300 rubles.
• 5 cm Screws - free of charge.
• Car jack - Borrowed from a car
• Plastic sheet 0.2mm - 500 rubles.

Note. I used flimsy cutting boards because they are cheap and I had them. If I had old thick plastic cutting boards, I would use them. They are needed in order to make a layer between the disc and the grapes.

Tools:

• Saw to cut boards
• Circular saw for cutting plywood
• Electric jigsaw to cut a disc from plywood
• Hammer and nails
• Sander (if needed)
• Cutting board scissors

Step 2: Making Holes in the Pot

You need to make holes in the pan. I thought that they would have to be drilled, but it turned out that for aluminum I only needed a hammer and a nail.

Step 3: Cut Out the Piston Disc

Now that I had a pot and knew its dimensions, I needed to make a disk that would fit snugly around the edges and distribute the jacking force throughout the grapes. I had several old cutting boards, so I cut out a circle of the right size from one of them with scissors.

I then used it as a template for a plywood disc which I cut with a saw. The disc wasn't perfect, but after a few tweaks and sanding, it fit well (if you're a perfectionist, use a chisel file).

Step 4: Building the Frame

Now that the disc was ready, I needed a sturdy frame for the pot and jack. The frame must be able to support the load from both above and below - the force of a jack pushing off the top of the frame, and a pot full of grapes that holds Bottom part frames.

I knew that the pan was just under 35 cm in diameter, 25 cm high, and that the range of motion of the jack was between 20 and 40 cm. Thus, inner part the frame will be 35x35 cm and 50 cm high to accommodate the jack, piston disc, pan and some spare space. To support the jack from above, I made a crosspiece from 50x100 mm boards, and placed a plywood base on the bottom.

I cut out the plywood to form the frame frame and nailed the floor plinth pieces on three sides. If everything goes according to plan, then when the juice flows out of the pan, it will fall on cutting board 30x30 cm (which stands at an angle), and will flow into a plastic bath.

I sawed 50x100mm boards to size for the frame, pre-drilled the bolt holes, and bolted it all together. Where necessary, I used locking bolts, as I did not want the fasteners to be a weak part of the design. Despite the fact that I thought that the power of a car jack that can lift 1 ton would be enough to crush grapes, it turned out to be a difficult task. I also built supports to keep the jack from coming off the boards on top and off the disc.

Step 5: Final Design

Here you can see the finished manual grape press.

To use it, put the grapes in a pot and wash them, then put a round cutting board, 0.2mm plastic (to create a waterproof barrier between the grapes and the disk), the disk itself, and then the jack. We will turn the screw on the jack, which will place the disk in the pot, squeezing the grapes and allowing the juice to run out of the holes into the tub.

The disc descends slowly, so liquid must not shoot out of the holes. This tells us that the grinder is set up correctly. If something doesn't go according to plan, we can always wrap the frame in 0.2mm plastic to keep the mess out.

In theory makeshift fixture Grape Presser can crush any fruit you want. The only limit is the pressure our frame can take. In a battle between jack and frame, the former will definitely win, but I don’t know what kind of fruit would need such strength.

Since most of my project was assembled from materials that I had on hand, this instruction can be considered more as a guide than as step by step plan. Your design may use other materials and methods, so experiment! If you decide to go all out, weld a metal frame and use a hydraulic jack!

Recycling if necessary a large number grapes or other fruits in order to obtain an alcoholic beverage, one cannot do without such a device as a wine press. It allows in a short time to receive maximum amount juice even from large volumes of raw materials. The device has a simple design, so that operation does not cause any problems even for beginners.

Design features and benefits of use

Currently on sale are various options grape press design. But at the heart of each are such nodes:

• Base that includes berry baskets and a frame.
• A pressure device, for example, a shaft or a jack.
• Pressing piston.
• Tray for collecting squeezed juice.

Any modification of the press is a pressure device, as a result of which the juice is squeezed out and redirected to a separate container. According to their type, they can be:

• Mechanical, characterized by compact size and affordable cost. The device is a cast iron frame and a fruit basket, its action is based on the use of the winemaker's physical strength. After twisting the pressing piston, it goes down, crushing the berries. The productivity of such a device is not too high and therefore it is recommended for making wines at home.
• Electric - a more complex device made of stainless steel. The necessary pressure is provided by a hydraulic or pneumatic press. They are characterized by high productivity, due to which electric presses are used in factories or private large wineries.

According to its specification, the press can be universal, that is, suitable for squeezing juice of any fruit and berries, as well as specialized, designed for certain raw materials.

The advantages of using a wine filter press are obvious:

• Allows you to get the maximum amount of juice, which is especially important if you need to work with low-juicy raw materials.
• The squeezed juice contains a greater amount of micro- and macroelements, since it is less in contact with oxygen and does not heat up.
• Foaming is almost completely absent.
• During the pressing process, the bones, skins and ridges are not damaged, so the must does not taste bitter.

When choosing a press, you need to remember that stainless steel designs are more practical, as they are easier to clean and disinfect. Wooden modifications are considered environmentally friendly, but they need to be regularly inspected for the appearance of mold and fungi. You also need regular steaming, competent disinfection.

We make a grape press with our own hands

Both metal and wooden presses can be purchased at any specialized store. But you can make them if you want. on their own, having received no less high-quality and effective device.

In order to make a metal press you need:

• Prepare two cylindrical containers different diameter- the smaller one will be a basket for berries, and the larger one is for collecting juice. The tank from the washing machine is perfect for this.
• In a container with a smaller diameter, holes are made in a checkerboard pattern.
• Prepare a pressing body, which can be used as a flange, as well as a threaded rod, for example, a screw from a water valve. The flange is welded to the bottom of the screw.
• A head with a hole for the lever is welded to the top of the screw, thanks to which the entire system will work.
• From metal profiles weld a U-shaped frame, which can be either concreted into the base or bolted to any surface.
• Weld a nut into the horizontal beam of the frame, which will work in tandem with the screw.
• Make a rectangular pan with sides and a small bevel (or tube) to drain the juice.

After preparing all the structural elements, you can begin to assemble it. To begin with, the frame is fixed in the chosen way, after that, a screw is screwed into it, and only then a head with a lever is welded to it. First, a pallet is installed under the frame, and containers inserted into each other are already placed on it. AT small capacity grapes or other berries are placed, and then a flange is lowered into it by setting in motion a thrust mechanism. As the juice is squeezed out, the flange lowers more and more, providing the necessary pressing force.

Processing the harvest of berries and fruits is one of the critical tasks, which has to be solved not only by farmers, but also by owners of household plots. The technical devices that greatly facilitate this process include a juice press, which allows you to quickly and without significant physical effort to turn fruits and berries into tasty and vitamin-rich juice. On the modern market presented a wide variety similar devices, but those home craftsmen who want to save on their purchase may well make such a press with their own hands.

Principle of operation and types

All presses for squeezing juice from various berries and fruits can be divided into four main types:

• mechanical devices;
• hydraulic presses;
• electrohydraulic models;
• pneumatic devices.

The most common due to the low cost and simplicity of its design is a manual type mechanical press. One of the main elements of its design is a perforated basket, in which crushed fruits (pulp) or berries are poured to squeeze the juice. Fruits and berries are squeezed out in such a device with the help of a piston, the lowering of which (and the creation of the required pressure) is carried out by rotating the handle, which drives the screw mechanism of the press. The juice formed during the piston pressure flows through the holes in the basket into a special tray, from where it is then poured into another container.

For the manufacture of a basket into which the raw materials for juicing are loaded, sheet stainless steel or hardwood (for example, beech) can be used. In the second case, the design of such a basket is a drainage grate, consisting of two equal parts, interconnected by metal hoops.

A modernized and, accordingly, more efficient version handheld device is Hydraulic Press, which can be used to obtain juice from apples and berries. Instead of a perforated container, the design of such a press uses several drainage frames made of solid wood. The crushed raw materials from which it is necessary to obtain juice are placed in fabric bags and placed between such frames, which are subjected to significant pressure (1–5 tons) from above, created by a manual hydraulic jack. Using such a pressing mechanism, you can get up to 70% of the juice from the total mass of the processed crop.

A hydraulic press does not necessarily involve the use of a jack as a mechanism that creates the required pressure. So, in one of the designs of such presses, an elastic barrel-membrane is used as this mechanism, expanding under the influence of water supplied to it at a pressure of 1.5–2 atm from ordinary water supply network. Expanding, such a press membrane acts on fruits and berries placed in a perforated basket, squeezing juice out of them, which flows through holes in the walls of the basket into a storage tray.

According to the above principle, a pneumatic press for squeezing juice also works. The only difference is that the expansion of the barrel-membrane, which is also present in its design, occurs not under the influence of the water filling it, but under pressure. compressed air supplied from the compressor.

Because the certain types raw materials from which it is necessary to squeeze the juice are loaded into the presses in crushed form, it is necessary to mention the devices that help bring it into such a state. The design of the simplest grinder is a steel drum, the walls of which are made in the form of a grater. Such a drum, which turns the raw material loaded into it into small crumbs, is placed in a casing with a loading neck. Into action this simple and effective mechanism driven by the rotation of a special handle. There are also more efficient and productive models of such units that are started using an electric motor.

If we talk about the productivity of mechanical presses for squeezing juice, then it is quite small and can be in the range of 10–30 l/h. However, this performance is quite enough for devices used for domestic purposes.

In order to increase the percentage of juice yield from squeezed fruits and berries, as well as improve its quality, two methods are used:

• raw materials are loaded into the presses in fabric bags that act as filters;
• squeezing out the juice is carried out by means of drainage grates made of wood, or by means of stainless steel "pancakes".

The use of drainage grates or “pancakes” ensures that juice is squeezed not only from the upper and lower, but also from the middle part of the compressed volume. Bags, as mentioned above, act as filters and allow you to immediately clean the squeezed juice from the pulp.

In cases where performance hand press it is not enough to get juice, electric machines are used. The electric drive can be seen in a screw press for squeezing juice and in screw-type units operating on the principle of a conventional meat grinder. In the first case, the press drive is a pair of "electric motor - hydraulic jack".

In screw presses, which are structurally reminiscent of a conventional meat grinder, the drive motor is directly connected to the working body - the screw. Such a press is used for squeezing grapes, it is also an excellent press for fruits, berries and squeezing juice from tomatoes. It works according to the following principle: the loaded raw material is crushed by means of a screw and forced through a sieve having a conical shape. This shape of the sieve allows not only high-quality juice extraction, but also to beat off the seeds. It should be borne in mind that grape or any other juice obtained at the outlet of such a press has a large amount of pulp.

Prices for serial models of juice presses depend on several factors:

• the volume of the loading basket;
• device type;
• material of manufacture;
• productivity of the press in terms of juice obtained per unit of time.

The cheapest, of course, is a small-capacity home press operating on the screw principle. The cost of a hydraulic juicer is slightly higher. Next in the price category is a press juicer for processing apples and other raw materials, working using compressed air. The most expensive on the market today are membrane-type hydraulic crushers.

Do-it-yourself juice presses

It is quite possible to make a juice press with your own hands, the main thing is to find work schemes and drawings of such homemade products, which will not be difficult. Many of those home craftsmen who already have experience in manufacturing such equipment are happy to share photos of their devices and even videos showing the process of their manufacture and the principle of operation in detail.

Most often, they strive to make presses with their own hands. screw type. Meanwhile, it should be borne in mind that it will not work to make a powerful screw for such a device without the involvement of a qualified turner. Can be made without outside experts, if you replace the screw mechanism with a conventional jack (mechanical or hydraulic), which is in the arsenal of every motorist.

Main bearing element a do-it-yourself juicer is a frame. Its strength should be given Special attention. For the manufacture of such a frame, which will rest against the jack and create the required pressure, you can use a square metal pipe with a section of 40x40 and a wall thickness of at least 3 mm. When calculating the height of the frame of your homemade press, you should take into account the total thickness of the drainage grates, linings and bags of raw materials, as well as the height of the jack. The width of the frame can be chosen arbitrarily - the main thing is that a storage tray is placed in the opening created to collect the squeezed juice.

When creating a do-it-yourself apple or grape press design, special attention should be paid to its stability. For effective solution For such a task, three pieces of a square pipe can be welded to the bottom of the frame, which will serve as legs and ensure the stability of the unit. A stand made of boards or wood board is placed on the top of the legs, on which the pallet will be placed.

Drainage grids, complete with which your apple, grape or any other press will work, should be made only from hardwood (oak or beech). The thickness of the boards from which such gratings will be made must be at least 20 mm.

The basket of the press is made of oak planks (you can buy parquet boards), tightened with corners with small gaps and fixed with stainless steel screws.

Bags in which apple pulp or other raw materials for squeezing juice will be placed can be made from various fabrics (the main thing is that such a fabric is highly durable and the bags that are sewn from it do not break under the high pressure created by the jack). As such fabrics, in particular, you can use ordinary burlap, jute, cotton and linen fabrics, chintz and synthetic materials.