How to grow a peach tree and get a bountiful harvest. How to grow a peach from a pit at home: three effective ways. Choosing a variety and caring for a peach to get an excellent harvest Grow a peach from a pit in a pot

Growing exotic tropical trees such as orange, kiwi, and pomegranate is becoming increasingly fashionable among amateur gardeners. They are trying to “domesticate” other crops, for example, peach. But going to the store for such a tree is useless. The only way to acquire it is to grow it from a seed yourself. There is nothing complicated about this; the gardener will only need desire, a little patience and the ability to strictly follow the rules and recommendations. The process is labor-intensive, but very interesting.

Selection of planting material

There is hardly a person who does not like peaches. That is why more and more gardeners, partly following fashion trends, are trying to grow a fruit-bearing tree on their windowsill. But simply sticking a peach seed into the ground and expecting a harvest would be naive, to say the least. The procedure is much more complicated; it requires preliminary preparation, the ability to act according to these recommendations, the availability of free time and, of course, desire.

Grow fruitful peach tree at home - the task is quite feasible even for a not very experienced gardener

It is useless to extract seeds from store-bought peaches and plant them. There will definitely be no shoots. The fact is that these fruits are grown very far from Russia (Spain, China, Thailand, Turkey). In order for the crop to safely survive transportation, the fruits are harvested long before the onset of not only biological, but also technical maturity, almost green. In addition, for better preservation and extended shelf life, peaches are treated with chemicals. The seeds inside the seeds simply do not have time to ripen; it makes no sense to talk about germination. And the drugs used contribute to the fact that the shell becomes very fragile, breaks easily, and bursts in half. By the way, eating such fruits is not recommended.

Peaches bought in a store cannot be used to obtain planting material.

Only seeds of peaches grown on local farms and in private garden plots have a chance of germinating. Therefore, you need to go to markets, agricultural fairs, neighbors in the country, and so on, to get planting material. But even the “right” fruit does not guarantee success. Practice shows that on average one seed out of four germinates, and a significant part of the seedlings die within two to three months after germination. Therefore, it is advisable to stock up on planting material in excess.

Only seeds of peaches taken from the tree after reaching full maturity produce seedlings at home.

It is also advisable to ask the seller whether the peach tree has been grafted. In self-rooted plants, the “descendants” completely inherit the varietal characteristics of the “parent”. And germinating seeds extracted from grafted peaches is a kind of lottery. Until the first harvest, no one will be able to say what the fruits will be like.

Even if you can’t get peach fruits at home, you will get a wonderful interior decoration - this tree blooms very beautifully

In principle, peaches of any variety can be ripened at home. But if you have a choice, you should give preference to those that are characterized by short stature, early ripening and the ability to self-pollinate. Of the varieties cultivated in Russia and the countries of the former USSR, the varieties Pineapple, Krasnodarsky, Kyiv, Mignon ranniy, and Redhaven fully correspond to these characteristics.

The Redhaven peach is an old, well-deserved hybrid, bred in the USA; it is also quite suitable for growing at home

Video: is it possible to grow a peach from a pit at home?

Planting seeds and preparing for it

Peach seeds definitely require pre-planting preparation. There are several methods that differ in duration, labor intensity and effectiveness. The fruits from which the seeds are extracted must be overripe, but at the same time absolutely healthy, without the slightest suspicious symptoms indicating the development of pathogenic fungi, viruses, bacteria or traces reminiscent of damage left by insects.

Stratification

Stratification or the so-called cold method is the most common option for preplant preparation. Its essence is to simulate “winter” for the seeds, creating conditions as close as possible to natural ones. In this case, the natural mechanism of preparing the seed for germination is launched, chemical reactions, in the process, complex organic compounds are decomposed into simple components that the embryo is able to use for nutrition and assimilate.

In order for stratification to be successful, peach pits must be thoroughly cleaned of pulp particles.

In addition to low temperature (2–5ºС), in order for stratification to be successful, peach seeds need to be provided with good aeration and high air humidity (70% or more). You can place them, for example, in the refrigerator, in a special compartment for storing vegetables and fruits. And also a good solution is a cellar or basement. If the winter is expected to be warm and snowy, the container is simply buried in the garden. They begin preparations in mid-autumn, calculating the time so that by the time the seeds sprout, it is still quite cold outside.

The temperature in the fruit and vegetable compartment is optimal for stratifying peach pits

The stratification procedure itself looks like this:

1. Shallow containers are filled with coarse river sand or peat chips. The substrate must first be thoroughly washed and disinfected by treating with steam, calcining in the oven, holding in freezer. Some gardeners recommend sawdust or sphagnum moss as a “soil”, but when using them it is very difficult to provide the required humidity.
2. Peach pits, carefully cleared of any scraps of pulp (the latter can cause the development of rot), are planted in the ground, deepened to 7–9 cm.
3. Place the container in a paper or transparent plastic bag, make 3-4 holes in it with a knife, and place it in the refrigerator. The condition of the soil is constantly monitored, moistening the soil with a fine spray as it dries. If condensation appears, open the bag for 5–7 minutes to ventilate.
4. After 10–12 weeks, the seeds will sprout and their shell will open. When this happens, the container is removed from the refrigerator, the peaches are planted in individual pots with a diameter of 7–9 cm. Prepare the soil yourself by mixing peat chips, humus and universal soil in approximately equal proportions. indoor plants or leaf soil.
5. Peaches are provided with enough light by placing them on a south or southwest windowsill. Sudden changes in microclimate should not be allowed. The temperature is raised gradually. For 5–7 days, the seedlings are kept on a glassed-in loggia at 10–12ºС. Then they can be brought into the apartment, ensuring coolness (17–20ºС). All this time, the peaches are watered very moderately, only when the soil dries out.

Seed extraction

The existing seed is simply carefully split to remove the seeds. If everything is done correctly, seedlings will appear much earlier than with stratification. But because complete absence During hardening, such peaches are especially demanding in terms of maintenance conditions and require ideal care. Plants very poorly tolerate even minor fluctuations in temperature, humidity, and so on.

The peach pit is split very carefully so as not to damage the seed, even its shell.

You need to do this:

1. Peach pits are thoroughly washed and dried for several days, spread on linen napkins or paper towels. They are then very carefully broken using a knife and hammer. Seeds (“kernels”) that have received even the slightest damage during the process can be immediately thrown away.
2. The extracted seeds are kept in water heated to room temperature, changing the fluid every morning. They should swell, noticeably increasing in size.
3. When this happens, the peach seeds are planted in individual pots, deepened by 4–5 cm. “Greenhouse” conditions are created for them by covering the containers with plastic film and covering them with glass.
4. Future peaches are provided with bottom heating, darkness, and a temperature of 26–28ºС. Every day for 5–10 minutes the “greenhouse” is opened for ventilation, while simultaneously wiping off the accumulated condensation. Moisten the soil very sparingly and only when it dries out. High humidity often provokes the development of rot.
5. As soon as the sprouts appear, the “shelter” is removed, the containers are exposed to light, providing a “day” lasting at least 12 hours. Temperature and watering requirements do not change.

The “greenhouse effect” is absolutely necessary for peach seeds extracted from pits to sprout

Germinating seeds in natural conditions

The simplest option requires minimum costs time and effort. The so-called warm way will not require the creation of a special microclimate for seeds. Normal home conditions are sufficient. The seeds extracted from the fruit are simply planted in pots filled with soil and hope for the best. If you're lucky, sprouts will appear in 3-4 months.

Peach seedlings obtained from seeds that have not undergone any preliminary preparation are an extremely rare occurrence.

You can increase your chances of success by doing the following:

1. The seeds are placed in the refrigerator for 7–10 days, providing at least short-term stratification.
2. Then they are soaked for 3-4 hours in a solution of any biostimulant prepared according to the instructions. The most common remedies are Epin, Kornevin, Heteroauxin, potassium humate, succinic acid, aloe juice.
3. The seeds are planted in cups filled with universal soil for indoor plants, deepened at least 5 cm. There must be several drainage holes and a layer of expanded clay (or other suitable material) at the bottom, 2–3 cm thick. The soil must first be well moistened.
4. The seeds are provided with the same conditions as described in the previous method. Particular attention should be paid to watering - peach categorically does not tolerate stagnant moisture. When the sprouts appear, the containers are moved to the brightest place in the apartment, providing protection from any drafts and direct sunlight.

Biostimulants used during seed germination have a positive effect on seed germination and strengthen the immunity of future plants

The growth rate of the peach tree is no different. Sometimes it even seems that the seedlings do not develop at all. First, the tree forms the root system, and only then the above-ground part. But then it rapidly begins to grow, stretching 45–60 cm in height in 8–10 weeks. The first harvest can be expected 4–5 years after emergence.

A young peach tree does not grow very quickly, but there is no need to worry about this, this is completely normal for it

Transplant procedure

The peach tree is replanted for the first time when it reaches a height of 15–20 cm. The soil is prepared independently by mixing peat chips, humus, river sand and ordinary garden soil in a ratio (1: 1: 1: 2).

Flowering and fruiting greatly deplete the plant, so the soil for it must be nutritious, one of its essential components is humus

The peach tree does not need to be replanted too often. Once every 2-3 years is enough. Some tightness will even benefit the roots, stimulating more abundant flowering. The optimal time for the procedure is early spring (before the active growing season begins) or the first half of September (when fruiting ends).

For peach, choose a pot that resembles a bucket in shape. It’s still a tree, so it has a developed root system. It is best to purchase a ceramic container - it is more stable and ensures proper aeration.

There simply isn’t enough room for peach roots in a shallow, flat pot.

Further care

In nature, peach grows in the tropics. This is what you need to focus on when creating a suitable microclimate for the tree. It is worth listening to its “requirements”, because flowering and fruiting are possible only in optimal or close to optimal conditions.

Creating the right microclimate

Peach is very light-loving. The plant needs to be provided with 12–14 hours of daylight. In most of Russia natural light You won’t be able to get by, so for additional illumination you will have to use simple fluorescent or special phytolamps. They are turned on not only in autumn and winter, but also in summer, in cloudy, cool weather.

An LED phytolamp does not consume much electricity, but it allows you to provide peaches with the desired length of daylight.

A pot with a peach tree is placed near a window facing south or southeast. As a rule, this is the brightest place in the apartment. But a plant, especially a young one, can suffer from burns, so during the period of maximum solar activity it must be shaded, covered with tulle, gauze, or a paper screen.

The plant has a very positive attitude towards fresh air, but categorically does not tolerate cold drafts. This must be taken into account when choosing a place in the apartment. In summer, peach feels great on a loggia, veranda, balcony, or in the garden if it is protected from rain and wind.

Peach loves fresh air very much, so if the temperature is right, it can be taken outside

The optimal temperature varies depending on what stage of development the plant is at. He definitely needs a period of rest at 2–5ºС. It lasts from November to early March. Then the temperature is raised to 12–15ºС. Higher rates may cause buds to fall off. After flowering, the plant needs warmth, but not heat (22–26ºС). Negative temperatures The peach tree won't survive.

Air humidity is not a critical indicator for peach. He will be quite satisfied with the standard 50–60%, to maintain which modern apartments no effort required. However, in hot weather, the peach will not mind daily spraying. It is also useful for sanitary purposes to wipe the leaves with a damp sponge or soft cloth from time to time to get rid of dust.

Peach is a moisture-loving plant, but it categorically cannot tolerate stagnant moisture in a pot. The soil is moistened regularly, allowing it to dry 2–3 cm deep. This can be easily checked by inserting a toothpick into the substrate. The intervals between watering vary depending on the weather outside. In hot weather, the peach will have to be watered daily or once every two days, the rest of the time - 2-3 times a week (during the ripening of the fruits, you can get by with just one). Half an hour after the procedure, be sure to drain excess moisture from the pot.

Most abundant watering The plant needs it after emerging from the dormant period, when the leaf buds begin to “wake up.” As soon as flowering ends and fruit ovaries are formed, it is reduced. Overmoistening can cause the ovaries to fall off and the fruits to crack. During the wintering period, peach is watered very rarely and moderately, once every 2.5–3 weeks.

Water for irrigation is used soft, heated to room temperature. The one that flows from the tap needs to sit for at least a day. Or you can speed up the process of precipitation by adding a few crystals to it citric acid or 2-3 drops of apple cider vinegar.

Rain water, as well as melt and spring water, is an ideal option for watering peach

After each watering, about half an hour, the soil is loosened. It must not be allowed to become a crust on the surface of the soil. This prevents normal aeration of the roots and provokes stagnation of moisture.

Flowering and fruiting take a lot of energy from a tree. Therefore, feeding peach is strictly necessary. For this, you can use organic fertilizers based on vermicompost and complex mineral preparations. But natural remedies are also suitable - infusions of wood ash, nettle leaves, dandelion. Fertilizers are applied every 12–14 days throughout the growing season. During wintering, feeding is stopped.

An infusion of nettle leaves is a natural source of nitrogen and phosphorus; before use, it must be diluted with water in a ratio of 1:8

When using garden fertilizers(urea, superphosphate, potassium sulfate, etc.), when preparing a solution for irrigation, the concentration recommended by the manufacturer is halved. The volume of soil in the pot is limited, because of this, fertilizing is not washed out of the soil. Moderate “overfeeding” is not dangerous for a peach - it will only stop bearing fruit, “concentrating” on increasing the green mass (sometimes such plants are called “fattening”). But regularly exceeding the dose of fertilizer is already intoxication and quite likely the death of the plant.

The most necessary macro- and microelements for the plant are phosphorus, potassium, calcium and copper. Nitrogen-containing fertilizers are applied only in the spring; after winter hibernation, they help stimulate the peach to intensively increase green mass. Experienced flower growers In order to provide it with everything necessary, it is recommended to spray the tree once every month and a half, dissolving it in a liter of warm water soda ash(4–5 g), copper sulfate (1.5–2 g), 2–3 crystals of potassium permanganate and a drop of iodine.

Peach trees grown at home are sensitive to copper deficiency; a solution of copper sulfate will help replenish it.

A neglected peach tree does not look very attractive and almost always refuses to bear fruit. Therefore, it needs regular pruning. Formation begins in about a year and a half, when the seedling reaches a height of 65–70 cm and several side shoots form on it.

It is on them that the fruits ripen. Therefore, the upward growth of the tree must be slowed down. In principle, a florist is limited only by the height of the ceilings in his own apartment, but practice shows that the optimal height of a peach is 1.5–1.7 m.

The first time you prune a peach is to pinch the top at the desired height. This is done in the fall. Next spring, last year’s buds are shortened by 2–3. side shoots, stimulating more intensive branching. And they also get rid of all poorly located branches directed inside the crown and down. It is recommended to leave 6–8 of the most developed side shoots annually, and cut off the rest to the growth point. Branches older than ten years are also removed; they will no longer bear fruit.

Video: rules for pruning peach

How to vaccinate correctly

A peach seedling obtained from a stone, if its variety is known, can be used as a scion for a garden tree. And sometimes, on the contrary, it is grown as a rootstock for varietal cuttings. Vaccination is carried out in several ways, but, in any case, the instrument used in the process must be disinfected and sharpened. Sterility is also very important. The less the gardener touches the cuttings, the better.

The most common method, including among gardeners. Best time for the procedure - the beginning of spring. The scion (the part of the plant that is being grafted) and the rootstock (the plant that is being grafted) should be approximately the same in diameter. The first one must have at least three growth buds.

The scion and rootstock should be approximately the same diameter, this applies not only to peach

The rootstock tree is pruned at a height of 25–30 cm. A vertical cut about 5 mm deep is made perpendicular to the cutting plane. The base of the scion cutting is cut at an angle on both sides, forming a V-shaped wedge.

To speed up the process, the base of the scion is soaked for several hours in a solution of any biostimulant prepared according to the instructions. In addition to store-bought drugs (Epin, Zircon, Kornevin), you can use, for example, succinic acid, aloe juice. Practice shows that powdered products give much worse results.

Grafting into a cleft is the most popular method among gardeners and flower growers; you can graft one or two cuttings at once

The scion wedge is inserted into the split on the rootstock. It should go in there with some effort. Then the entire structure is fixed by wrapping it with plastic film, adhesive tape, electrical tape or covering it with garden pitch. If you do not wrap it tightly enough, the moisture from the tissue will simply evaporate and the cutting will dry out. When a characteristic “influx”, called callus by botanists, appears on the bark around the graft, the film can be removed.

One of the main conditions for grafting success is reliable fixation of the structure.

There are other methods of grafting - combining oblique cuts on the scion and rootstock, grafting onto the bark (if it is thick enough). The procedure is no fundamentally different from cleft grafting, but the first method at home gives better results. The latter method is used extremely rarely at home - the process takes a long time, and there is a high probability that the grafted cutting will simply break off after removing the polyethylene.

Budding

Budding is a slightly more complex method that requires the grower to have some experience. In essence, this is the same grafting, but not a whole cutting is used as a scion, but only one growth bud. Budding can be carried out at any time.

The kidney is cut off along with a layer of tissue 2–3 mm thick and 2.5–3 cm wide (the so-called shield). It is advisable to do this in one motion. During the process, try to touch it as little as possible. The tool used is a scalpel or razor blade.

It is advisable to cut off the bud for budding in one movement, touching it with your hands as little as possible

Next, an incision is made on the bark of the rootstock tree in the shape of the letter X or T, 1.5–2 mm deep. If you carefully peel back the bark, something similar to a pocket will form. The cut bud is inserted into it and securely fixed with a strap. It can be removed when callus forms, indicating that the procedure was successful.

Fixing a bud on a scion requires the grower to have certain skills; if part of the bark sticks out of the “pocket”, this is normal

The result of the procedure will become clear in approximately 25–30 days. In addition to the formation of callus, success is indicated by the activation of cutting growth or the “awakening” of the bud. If this does not happen, the winding is carefully removed, the scion is removed, the grafting site is disinfected by washing with a 1% solution of copper sulfate, and covered with garden pitch.

A growth bud that has taken root on the rootstock “wakes up” in about a month

Before you grow a peach from a pit, you should know that even Siberians practice such manipulations. Therefore, it is easy for residents of warm climate regions to implement their plans at home or in the country.

Is it possible to grow a peach from a pit? Step-by-step instructions

The answer is yes, but before that you need to prepare.

Step 1. Selecting seeds

1. You need to choose a bone that will take root. Fruit from Turkey or Spain is not suitable for cultivation in the vast expanses of our homeland.

2. Imported fruits are harvested when they have not yet formed biologically. The right move, since during transportation the peaches ripen and become suitable for consumption.

3. There is a huge “BUT”. The seed does not ripen, so there is no point in wasting your energy trying to get a tree from it. In addition, climatic conditions, in comparison with Russian ones, vary. The fruits there are accustomed to warmth and softness, but here we may experience cold weather from time to time. You can achieve seedlings, but they will die due to lack of heat.

4. Therefore, before growing a peach from a stone, visit the market and select everything for planting. Useful when cultivating at home large number seeds. The chance that one of them will rise is 30%.

5. If there is a neighbor at the dacha who will share the harvest, that’s great. In cases where you will obtain planting material yourself, ask whether the tree is grafted. You should not take such specimens, because the final characteristics will not coincide with the maternal ones.

Important!

To preserve species characteristics and obtain the highest quality results, material is taken from its own rooted tree.

Step 2. Selecting a variety

The ideal option is to purchase a zoned variety. Such specimens are adapted to life in local climatic conditions. They are excited about the amount of heat and light the region offers. Even if the sprouts are in open soil, they will not be afraid of frost.

Peaches must meet the following requirements:

Early ripeness. So that the future tree great success bear fruit in the summer, give preference to those varieties that are famous for early ripening (late July, early August). Of these, we will highlight the most popular: “Winner”, “Early Rivers”, “Early Minion”.

Frost resistance. After you succeed in growing a peach from a seed, you may want to transplant it into open ground. Since the tree will not stand at home, it is important that it be winter-hardy and unpretentious in terms of cultivation on the site. Varieties of peaches that survive winter safely: “Early Kyiv”, “Amsden”.

Self-pollination. There are many varieties that self-pollinate. If the goal is to get the maximum yield, then plant 3-4 seeds nearby. The following varieties are considered self-pollinating: “Redhaven”, “White Nectarine”, “Nobles”, “Krasnodar Nectarine”.

Important!

To remove planting material, sort the fruit. Choose soft, non-wormy specimens. Remove the seeds, rinse and dry. Carry out a visual inspection to rule out cracks.

Step 3. Choosing a growing method

We will proceed solely from opinion experienced gardeners who prefer one of the following methods of seed germination.

Seed extraction. If it is necessary to obtain shoots quickly, then the seed is split and the kernel is extracted from it. Subsequently, it is planted, the first shoots appear quite quickly (compared, for example, with the cold method).

Room method. Since you can grow a peach from a pit at home, providing natural light and optimal temperatures, many gardeners choose this method.

Cold method (stratification). A cold climate is simulated, the seeds are prepared for cultivation and subsequently germinate better. The essence of the method is that the shell softens, the seeds undergo swelling, organic compounds are rearranged from simple to complex and are absorbed by the seed embryos.

Methods for growing peaches from pits

Explore 3 growing variations, choose one and follow the instructions.

No. 1. Seed extraction

If you don’t have the patience to wait for spring to come, when sprouts appear, then it makes sense to turn to the “quick method”.

1. After washing and drying, the seeds must be split without causing damage to the kernel. Therefore, handle your knife with extreme caution.

2. Take out the seeds, place them in a nylon lid and fill with warm water. Change it once a day for 2-3 days. The seeds should swell.

3. When this happens, prepare pots with holes (drainage). Plant the seeds in them individually to a depth of 5 cm.

4. Water, cover with film or glass. Take care of the greenhouses every day, periodically open them and allow them to ventilate. Remove condensation to prevent mold.

5. When the sprouts appear on the surface, the glass/film is removed. After a couple of months, the seedling will reach a height of 5 mm.

Now you know how to grow a peach from a pit on your own. At home, the roots form first, and then the tree.

No. 2. Room method

This option involves planting the material directly into a pot of soil. After a few months, sprouts will appear on the surface.

1. Place the seeds in the cold for 8 days, simulating stratification. After this period, remove and leave in a special plant growth stimulator for 3 hours.

2. Prepare the soil and moisten it. Plant the seed, keeping it 7 cm deep. Stretch the film over the pot. Remove it once a day, remove condensation and ventilate.

3. Cultivation is carried out on a light windowsill. It is necessary to moisten the soil as it dries. When the sprouts appear, remove the film and place the pot away from the sun and draft.

No. 3. Cold method (stratification)

To understand how to grow a peach from a pit using the presented method, at home it is recommended to create a positive temperature close to zero, a sufficient percentage of humidity and oxygen ventilation. The role of such a room is the cellar or the lower section of the refrigerator.

1. To carry out the procedure you will need an open container small size. Fill it with coarse sand and moisten it. Sift and rinse it in advance. Remove excess debris.

2. Wrap the container in cellophane with holes for oxygen access. Deepen the seeds 6 cm into the soil. Place the pot in the refrigerator.

3. Monitor the condition of the soil. Systematically moisten it with a spray bottle. To prevent the seeds from rotting, do not overwater. After a few months, green shoots of future fruits will appear.

4. When they hatch, remove them from the cold and plant them in pots with drainage. Be sure to take advantage of fertile soil.

5. After transplanting, place the seedlings in a well-lit place. Keep in mind that sprouts should not be subjected to sudden temperature changes. First, provide the tree with a temperature of +10 degrees. Place the pots on the glassed-in balcony.

6. After a few days, the plant is allowed to be brought into a room where the temperature will not exceed 20 degrees. If the soil is dry, it should be watered moderately.

How to care for young peach shoots

We figured out how to grow a peach from a pit. Now you should know how to care for it at home.

No. 1. Soil

Create fertile soil with a loose structure. It must be provided with peat, humus, sand and leaf soil. The proportions of the components are 1:1:1:2.

No. 2. Lighting

Make sure you have adequate lighting. If there is a lack of sunlight, it is necessary to install phytolamps with LEDs. They will provide the required spectrum and increase the growth of seedlings.

No. 3. Watering

The soil needs systematic moistening. During dormancy and ripening of peaches, it is recommended to reduce watering.

No. 4. Temperature

In winter, the temperature should not exceed +4 degrees and fall below +1. As soon as spring and the flowering period arrive, set the temperature from +12 to +15. When the tree fades, it is necessary to increase the temperature from +20 to +25 degrees.

In winter, the sprout is dormant. Do not exceed recommended temperature, remove auxiliary lighting. Don't forget to reduce watering. When the buds appear, resume classic care.

No. 5. Top dressing

Since it’s easy to grow a peach from a pit, take into account all the subtleties. At home, starting in March, fertilize the sprout every 15 days with compounds of organic and mineral origin. In autumn, feeding stops. Sometimes add a nutritious infusion of organic matter to the plant.

No. 6. Transfer

No. 7. Trimming

You should start pruning the crown when the trunk reaches a height of at least 0.7 m. The fruits will grow and ripen on the side branches. Don't let the tree stretch upward. The trim should fall on next year in the spring. Shoots that grow strongly should be pruned once a year.

How to plant a peach in open ground at the dacha

Previously, you learned how to grow a peach from a pit. Now let's learn how to do this at the dacha. Let's consider the subtleties.

1. If the conditions at home are similar to those in the street, in the first year the seedling can grow up to 150 cm. Make sure that the tree is transplanted into open soil in early spring of next year or autumn.

2. When planting several seedlings, maintain an interval of about 3.5 m between them. The same interval must be taken into account for trees and objects that provide a large area of ​​shade. Plant the tree in a non-windy location with excellent lighting.

3. Dig a small pit 1 m deep on the site in advance. After adding organic fertilizers, dig up the soil. Now plant the sprout by pressing down the soil. Pour cool water into the soil down the trunk. Sprinkle with humus.

4. Since it is quite possible to grow a peach from a seed, a tree sprouted at home will develop outdoors. The first few years the sprout needs special attention. He must cope with new conditions.

5. Before the onset of cold weather, be sure to wrap the barrel with glass wool. Branches need to be protected with burlap. To prevent the root system from freezing, cover the area around the trunk with a dense layer of fallen leaves.

6. Remember that when a tree grows in an open area, it will be subject to constant attacks by pests. Among these are scale insects, codling moths and spider mite.

7. Peach suffers from scab, powdery mildew, fruit rot and clasteropsoriosis. Systematically treat the tree with insecticides and trim dried shoots. Such actions will help protect him from death.

It's easy to figure out how to grow a peach from a pit. Be patient. Grow a seedling at home, then transplant it to the site. After just a couple of years, you will be able to feast on juicy fruits.

Peach is southern fruit crop. All its varieties are zoned only in the North Caucasus region. However, it can be grown in regions north and east of Krasnodar, Rostov-on-Don and Stavropol and obtain good yields. It is advisable to create a school from peach seedlings of different ages. If for some reason a tree disappears, a replacement is already ready. A peach from a seed fully conveys the qualities of the variety, regardless of whether it is a grafted tree or its own rooted mother tree.

Which peach variety to choose for seed planting

If you already have a peach tree at your dacha, be sure to leave a few fruits for sowing. In the northern and northeastern regions, peach trees are short-lived and rarely more than 10 years old. They suffer from frosty winters, recurrent frosts, frost damage, and in the spring-summer period they are severely affected by diseases and pests. The same should be done with fruits purchased at the local market.

Ask the seller about the name of the variety. The old varieties are well known in our country: Golden Jubilee (medium ripening), Pamyat Simirenko (early), Fluffy Early, Stavropol Pink, Redhaven, Favorite Morettini. IN recent years Many new varieties have been introduced into the state register, including several magnificent varieties from Crimea: very late - Crimean Autumn, Velvet Season, very early - Pomegranate, Worthy, Crimean Masterpiece, Refreshing.

All varieties, when grown in regions with harsh winters, require additional cover of the root system with leaves, needles, spruce branches, dense non-woven materials in one or several layers. It is advisable to wrap the above-ground part with spunbond. In spring, trees need to be opened in time, doing this work very carefully to avoid breaking the swelling buds. Already blooming peaches often lose their harvest due to sudden return frosts in the atmosphere. You can combat this phenomenon by lighting small fires in the garden early in the morning. The rising smoke will warm the ground air and protect the garden from frost.

Remember that protecting the garden from frost using a fire must be carried out in compliance with fire safety measures!

The germination rate of planting material of all varieties does not exceed 25%. Therefore, it is worth stocking up on a large number of seeds for sowing. Imported peaches and nectarines brought from foreign countries are suitable for sowing only for experimental purposes. They are unlikely to sprout due to the fact that the fruits were picked unripe; the seedlings will still die in our climate.

Despite the hard shell of the seed, it opens up quite easily in a moist substrate, and after a few months it is impossible to find traces of it in the soil.

Preparing peach seeds for sowing

Do not rush to eat the fruit whose seed you want to plant. Let it mature well. The pulp should become very soft and cracks may appear on the skin. If the fruits are rotten, this will in no way affect the quality of the seeds - feel free to take them for planting, they will not be difficult to germinate. You need to remove the pit from the pulp, rinse and air dry. If sowing is planned for the same summer, you should place the seeds, wrapped in a plastic bag, on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator for 7-10 days and carry out a short stratification. Low positive temperatures activate the life processes in the seeds; they will exhibit much higher germination.

If winter is coming, it is advisable to plan seed planting at home at the end of the cold period, but in the meantime, plant the seeds for long-term stratification. To carry it out, peach pits are placed in a container with wet sand to a depth of 3-4 cm. The container, covered with film or glass, is placed on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator and kept for 2-3 months, preventing the sand from drying out.

If the peach was on the table at the beginning of summer, you can try to get a seedling by autumn. You should carefully open the dense shell of the seeds, remove the seeds and soak them for 2-3 days in warm water, which needs to be changed every 3-4 hours, followed by sowing the seeds.

Planting seeds

There are two ways to sow peach seeds:

1. 1. In open ground at the dacha.
2. 2. In a pot at home.

Let's look at each method in more detail.

Sowing in open ground

If sowing was carried out at the end of June–beginning of July, the sprouts will appear at the end of summer. It is important that they have time to prepare for winter. A protective light brown bark must form on the shoots, otherwise young plants will not tolerate harsh conditions. winter conditions, regardless of the type of shelter. To prepare seedlings for cold weather, their growth is limited: the tops are pinched, watering and feeding are stopped.

If sowing was carried out in August-September, then the seedlings will sprout next year. This one is more late date sowing is preferable, since the seeds will undergo natural stratification in the ground. The percentage of viable seeds in this case will be lower.

For sowing, choose a heated sunny place with fertile, well-drained soil. Compost and complete mineral fertilizer are applied to the garden bed at the rate of 1/3 cup of fertilizer mixture per 1 square meter. The earth is dug up onto the bayonet of a shovel, mixing all the ingredients well. The seeds are planted at a distance of at least 15 cm from each other in one or two rows to a depth of 6-7 cm, and a school of peach seedlings is created.

Sowing in a pot at home

This method of growing peach seedlings is the most preferable because it allows you to create optimal conditions for the growth and development of a young tree. Planting in open ground is carried out in the spring of next year. Then in the third year the peach will bear fruit. To plant seeds, you should take pots with a volume of 1.5-2 liters. There must be one or more drainage holes at the bottom to drain excess water that flows down during irrigation.

Drainage material is placed at the bottom - expanded clay, vermiculite or small pebbles. Then the entire volume is filled with a soil mixture, including sand, garden soil and peat in equal parts. 3 seeds are planted in a 2 liter pot at an equal distance from each other to a depth of 6-7 cm.

Important! The depth of peach pit placement must be at least 6 cm!

The soil is well moistened, the pot is covered with film or glass to minimize drying out of the soil and put in a warm place. Illumination in the period before germination does not matter. Germination of peach seeds lasts on average 3-4 weeks. At this time, the container must be periodically ventilated and the soil slightly moistened as needed.

Caring for peaches - in the open field and at home

Care in open ground consists of timely weeding, loosening the soil, mulching the top layer and watering. You can water peaches in central Russia at the beginning of summer 2 times a month, in July - 1 time a week, and in August and September watering should be stopped so that the plants have time to prepare for winter. It is advisable to keep seedlings in school until they are 2-3 years old so that they become stronger. The trees should be moved to a permanent location in the spring of next year.

When growing peach seedlings at home in a pot, optimal conditions for light, temperature and humidity of soil and air are created. Plants will need maximum lighting. Place the pot of peaches on the brightest windowsill. The air temperature in the room should be maintained at 25-26 degrees in summer and 16-18 degrees in winter. Watering in summer is necessary frequently - 2 times a week, and in winter - rare. The soil should not be allowed to dry out completely. You need to water the plant 2-3 times in a month.

It is not recommended to keep peaches in a pot for longer than one season, as the soil loses its supply. nutrients, the roots of young trees grow and begin to oppress each other. In the spring of next year, the seedlings must be planted in a permanent place in the country.

Planting a peach in a permanent place

For the peach, choose the best place in the garden: well-warmed, protected from drafts and winds, and not susceptible to powdery mildew. The hole for planting should be large: 50-60 cm deep and 40-50 cm in diameter. For the roots young tree you need to create a loose, fertile, well-permeable soil structure. To do this, pour into the hole:

1. 1. Expanded clay layer for drainage - 15-20 cm.
2. 2. Compost or humus.
3. 3. Complete mineral fertilizer.
4. 4. Garden soil.

The last three ingredients are thoroughly mixed together. The seedling is placed in a prepared place, the roots are straightened and gradually covered with soil mixture, compacting the root system well. After 2/3 of the soil mixture has been used up, water the planting hole with the peach tree, pouring out at least 1 bucket of water. Then the liquid is allowed to be absorbed, after which the hole is covered with the remaining amount of soil on top.

What to do to make a peach bear fruit every year

To obtain an annual harvest of peaches, a number of conditions must be met:

• No weakening of the tree by frost damage, diseases and pests.
• Annual formation of fruit wood.
• Protection of ovaries from return frosts.

Measures to protect trees from unfavorable factors winter and spring were discussed above. Let us dwell in more detail on the question of how to properly form fruit wood. Initially, at the time of planting the seedling, its main shoot is shortened to a well-developed bud. Over the next season, the development of side shoots is stimulated. There are two possible options for forming peach trees: as a bush, or as a tree.

When forming a bush, all the upper shoots are pinched, and three shoots are left below in different planes, which in the future will become skeletal branches. You need to decide on the height of the stem. You can leave it high - about 30 cm, low - 10-15 cm, or start forming skeletal branches immediately from the ground. As they grow, they are shortened, stimulating the development of lateral wood on which fruit buds will form.

A peach grown from a seed begins to bear fruit in 3-4 years.

When forming a peach tree, skeletal branches begin to emerge at a trunk height of at least 60 cm. Further actions for the formation of fruit wood are the same as for bush formation.

Peach is a plant that is responsive to care. Try growing it from a seed and you will definitely enjoy a juicy and aromatic fruit!

To grow a peach, you need to be patient. But of course the result, in the form flower pot with a personally grown peach plant will reward this work.

How grow peach a tree from a seed and care for young seedlings? From which peaches is it better to collect seeds suitable for sowing? How to stimulate their germination? All this will be the topic for this article. By following some rules, everyone can grow their own peach in their home garden!

Is it worth growing a peach from a pit?

Before you start peach plants, we need to know a few things.

Imported The peach fruits we buy in stores are picked at a very early stage of ripening to survive transportation. In such fruits the seeds were not well developed. The pits from such peaches will not germinate.

Therefore only peach pits, which are grown in our area, are suitable for propagation and growing young plants from seeds.

Fetus The one we select for this event must be very mature, preferably one that has fallen from the tree itself.

It should also be taken into account the fact that peaches, obtained from seeds, may differ from the parent plants, and their fruits may taste and look different. The delicious peaches that we eat come from varieties and hybrids that were developed thanks to the work of breeders.

Besides, peaches, grown from seeds, are usually grafted onto dwarf rootstocks, so their natural growth is limited. Peach trees grown from seed will reach a natural, usually very tall height if grown without rootstock.

Latest important information is that peach trees can grow and fully develop only after many years of cultivation. And all this time the tree can only serve us as an ornamental plant.

How to sow peach seeds?

Seeds, hidden in a peach pit, obtained immediately after picking the fruit, are not yet able to germinate. This happens because they are in a phase of deep physiological rest.

So before we move peach seed into the ground, it is necessary to carry out stratification, which will awaken the seed from sleep.

Peach pits extracted from fruits in summer, thoroughly washed running water and soak. During this, you need to discard the bones floating on the surface of the water.

Peeled from the remaining pulp, the seeds are dried and packaged in paper bags, which will be stored at room temperature until the end of October.

At the turn of October and November peach pits placed in a bowl with warm water and incubated for 24 hours. After this time, the material is placed in a mixture of peat and sand in a ratio of 3:1. And over the next 90-120 days, store in the cold at a temperature of +2+4 °C.

Depending on our capacity, the substrate is made of paper bags or foil. Foil bags can be stored in the refrigerator or in drawers in unheated areas where the temperature is maintained at an appropriate level.

During the period During cooling, the peach pits should be kept moist at all times. The appearance of the first shoots, which usually begins in April, is a signal to immediately sow the seeds in a pot or soil if you plan to continue growing the young plant in the garden.

Another way scarification of seeds peach - sow them in the fall, in September, in the ground. Before planting, after thoroughly removing the pulp, dip the seed for a few seconds in an aqueous solution of a fungicide for seed treatment (for example, Captan). Then dry the seeds, plant them in the soil, water them generously and cover them with a layer of peat.

In this version There is no need to refrigerate the seeds as they will undergo this step naturally. It must be remembered that with this method of sowing peach seeds, they do not germinate within a year, which is quite natural.

You can also simultaneously purchase a fig peach seedling of the Saturn variety and plant it at the same time as the peach pits. If suddenly the seeds do not take root, then this possibility always exists for young trees.

We have prepared an interesting article about brilliant cotoneaster.

Make your own rope ladder. Find out more from us.

How to care for peaches grown from stones?

Pots with growing peach seedlings, install in a bright place, away from radiators. Pots should have a drainage hole at the bottom to allow excess water to drain away. Also, a drainage layer consisting of small pebbles, expanded clay or other suitable materials is laid on the bottom.

When it gets warm, pots with plants are periodically taken outside. In spring, when there is a risk of severe frosts, the pots are moved overnight to a closed balcony or terrace.

The best place for the location of the peach will be the southern part of the house. In summer, it is best to place the pots under cover, protecting them from rain, which will reduce the risk of fungal diseases. Water is added regularly to pots of peach trees.

Soil should always be moist, but the roots should not be flooded or waterlogged. In the fall, when the peach becomes stronger, it needs to be protected from impending frost.

Peach, for proper development, requires a natural period of rest, and for this it needs to cool down. Therefore, in winter, do not move the pot indoors.

He should be protected insulating material, for example, agrotextiles, from frost and remain outside or in a closed but unheated greenhouse.

After the first year growing a peach in a pot, you need to transplant the tree to new soil. Peach can be grown in containers with a minimum depth of 45 cm. However, after a while, when its size prevents further growth in the container, the tree should be replanted.

Young peaches Plants grown in soil must be regularly cleared of weeds and loosened the soil. To do this, the area with germinating seeds can be mulched or covered with a litter of leaves, which will reduce the germination of weeds.

Young peach trees need to be protected from spring precipitation by building a small tent made of foil or polyethylene over them. It is removed at the beginning of summer. After a year, the peach is transplanted into new soil and then cared for in the same way as mature fruit trees in the garden until the expected harvest is obtained.

And for those who like to know more, we suggest you watch a video on how to grow a peach from a pit

How to grow a peach tree from a pit

In theory, if everything goes well, the planted seed will sprout in due time. Of course, we need to create the conditions that peach loves. In particular, since this is a heat-loving crop, in order to increase the chances of better taking seeds from local peach varieties growing in your region, such seeds will have the necessary cold resistance.

Features of growing a peach tree

In general, it is recommended to find out which tree you got the seed from. A seed from a rooted tree will give approx. 70-80% of the properties of the variety, but if the seed is from a fruit grown on a grafted tree, then there is a high probability that the seedling will turn out to be a barren flower. In this case, the grown tree should be grafted when the trunk reaches 7-10 mm in girth at the root collar. The best option is to budding with a dormant bud on a summer day, or to graft with a germinating bud in the area of ​​the root collar or a little higher by 6-7 cm, this should be done in the spring.

About a week before landing peach pit You need to put it in a container with water and change the water every day. Before planting, carefully prick the seed with a hammer, being careful not to damage the seed. The preferable planting time is autumn, so that the seed naturally undergoes stratification. Place the seed in the hole to a depth of 8 cm, after thoroughly loosening the soil. It is better to choose a place in the shade.

First the root sprouts, after rooting the stem begins to grow. The soil must be kept loose and moist. Over the summer months, the seedling will stretch 1.2 - 1.3 meters, a crown will begin to develop, which in the first year must be formed - cut out the leader so that the trunk grows another 60-70 cm and the side shoots develop better. In the fall, the side branches that will form the skeleton of the crown are selected, the rest are cut into a ring. Fruits on a peach tree can be seen already in the 3rd year. Also read our article: What varieties of peaches to grow on your own plot.

Homemade peach pit

Not all gardeners decide to grow peaches at home, since this heat- and light-loving crop is considered to be very demanding and intended for planting in warm regions with a mild climate. In practice, its cultivation does not take much time and effort; it is enough to follow the rules of planting and caring for the plant and it will soon please you good harvest fruits The most common way of propagating it is by planting seeds, but not everyone knows how to plant a peach seed at home so that it produces a healthy sprout.

Growing peach at home: choosing a variety

Before planting, it is important to take a responsible approach to the choice of peach variety and give preference to the more stable and productive one.

Peach is suitable for planting at home:

You should not choose fruit seeds purchased in the store, since they are often sold unripe, so their seeds will not be able to sprout.

Growing peach at home: stratification

Having selected the pits (seeds) of ripened fruits of varietal peaches, you need to thoroughly clean them of pulp and store them in a cool place for the entire winter period for stratification. Stratify the seeds in a small container filled with wet sand or sawdust. The container with seeds is stored open. The seeds stratified in this way begin to burst by the beginning of spring, after which a sprout hatches from them, which must be planted in a pot filled with a fertile soil mixture consisting of peat and humus, taken in equal parts. After some time, the root system of the peach will form, then the tree itself will begin to form. As the earthen ball dries out, moderate watering should be carried out, avoiding excess moisture in the soil. In addition, the young plant must be placed in a sunlit place, otherwise its growth will slow down and the seedling will soon wither.

How to grow a peach at home in another way

There is another way to grow a peach from a pit at home, without resorting to stratification. The selected fruits must be divided in half and the seeds carefully removed, then rinsed and dried well. After this, open the seed and remove the seed contained inside it. You can crack the strong shell with a knife or hammer. Place the extracted seeds in warm water for 2-3 days and change it daily. After this time, the seeds will swell and become larger. Now they are ready to be planted in the ground. Each seed is planted in a separate container to a depth of 8-10 cm, they are watered, and the pot is covered with polyethylene. The greenhouse must be ventilated daily to prevent the soil from becoming moldy. The container should have holes for draining water, this will help avoid stagnation of moisture in the soil and the occurrence of fungus. If there are no such holes, the seeds may rot.

Since the germination rate of peach seeds is quite low, it is recommended to sow several seeds at the same time, and when sprouts appear, choose the strongest and healthiest ones. The hatched seedlings must be properly cared for, which will include moistening the soil and loosening it. A young plant should receive a large amount sunlight.

A peach from a seed at home grows very quickly and can reach a height of 50 cm in just 2 - 3 months. When the side branches appear, the formation of the top of the tree should begin, otherwise it will continue to grow upward, and the side branches on which the fruit harvest should form will not grow for a long time. will grow back.

How to plant a peach at home and how to care for it

To grow a strong, fruit-bearing plant, you need to know how to plant a peach at home and how to properly care for it. Home care is easy. The room where this crop grows must be regularly ventilated. If there is a lack of sunlight, artificial lighting should be created. During the dormant period, the tree should be kept in a cool room with a temperature of 2 - 4°C. In the spring, for flowering, it is transferred to a warmer place where the temperature is 10 - 15 ° C, after which it is kept in a room at a temperature of 18 - 25 ° C.

Peach needs abundant watering, with the exception of the dormant period and fruit ripening. At this time, the volume of watering is reduced. Transplantation is carried out in early spring before flowering, or in the first half of September. The tree is transplanted into a fresh soil mixture consisting of turf, leaf soil, humus, peat and sand in a ratio of 1:2:1:1:1. Fertilizing is applied from the beginning of March to the end of August 2 times a month, using mineral and organic fertilizers. Peach needs annual pruning and pinching of vigorous shoots.

How to plant a peach pit at home and replant it in the ground

When discussing the topic of how to grow peach at home, we should also mention its correct transplantation into the ground, since a vigorous tree often becomes cramped in room conditions. Peach can be replanted into the ground in spring, summer and autumn, when the tree is fully strengthened. When planting a plant in a garden plot, you need to remember that when growing peach from seed at home, this crop will require special attention in the garden, since it will be poorly adapted to harsh conditions. So, for example, for the winter it will need to be wrapped in burlap, the trunk insulated with glass wool and other materials. The soil at the roots must also be covered to prevent the root system from freezing.

It is better to plant a seedling in the ground during the dormant period - in March or early September, planting young trees at a distance of 3 - 4 m from the wall or adult plants that provide extensive shade. The landing site should be well lit and sheltered from winds and drafts.

Where summers are often cool and stormy, and frosts occur in the spring, it is recommended to grow peaches in a greenhouse. To do this, choose medium-sized varieties of this plant, or make the “St. Julian” rootstock, which limits the growth of the tree.

At home, peaches can be grown in winter gardens and greenhouses, where the air temperature in winter reaches at least 0°C.

How to grow a peach tree and get a bountiful harvest

It has always been believed that the peach tree, its spring blossoms and bountiful harvest– a privilege of the southernmost regions of the country. Since the middle of the last century, breeders and hobbyists have been promoting the culture into the middle zone. Peach can displace apricots in country gardens, because it is more resistant to return frosts, and the seedling from the seed inherits the maternal qualities. Fifty lovers of the Moscow region have been cultivating peach in bush form for more than 10 years.

Description of the peach tree

Garden varieties come from the common peach, a bush or single-stem form. The height of the tree can reach 9 meters, but spreading trees of 3-4 meters are more common. The root system of the peach is superficial, located in the fertile layer up to 70 cm. Peaches love warmth, light and abundant watering. The tree bears fruit for 20 years, starting from the second year after rooting.

The peach tree is a cross-pollinated species. Several varieties growing nearby will increase the fruiting of each, especially if you create a fruit conveyor from July to September, collecting specimens different periods maturation. The keeping quality of peaches is low.

Peach trees cannot be called frost-resistant. They lose part of their roots during winter frosts -25 0, if they last more than three days. The roots will withstand severe frost of 30-35 degrees for 24 hours. A short period of dormancy awakens the tree during winter thaws that occur in winter.

The tender peach is difficult to endure wintering. The crown cannot withstand frosts of -20 0 without shelter, and fruit buds and last year's growth die. The consolation is that the peach tree has a great self-healing ability and within a year the frozen tree will bloom again.

Peach agricultural technology for each climate zone

It is customary to grow peach trees in climate zones with mild climates. At the same time, they form a cup-shaped crown of trees, penetrated by the rays of the sun, located at a distance of at least 3 meters.

For areas with cold winters, the bush form and thickened plantings are more suitable. Here fruit links are formed from the lower shoots. Low-lying branches can be easily covered in winter, ensuring the safety of fruit buds.

You should purchase only seedlings of zoned and recommended varieties of peaches. Gardeners get good results by growing a tree from a local variety of peach seeds.

Peach care is year-round and includes techniques that allow you to create conditions for long-term annual fruiting. Therefore, peach agricultural technology in the Caucasus and Moscow region includes the same operations, but they are performed using different technologies:

• planting dates and varieties;
• formation of a young and fruit-bearing tree;
• watering and fertilizing;
• protection from pests and diseases;
• preparation for wintering and spring awakening of the tree.

Each of these activities is based on practical techniques that help a demanding tree survive in hostile conditions.

How to grow a fruit-bearing peach tree in the Moscow region

Research conducted by scientists from the Botanical Garden, who studied the experience of amateur gardeners in the Moscow region in growing peaches, allowed us to draw some conclusions:

1. Seedlings grown from seeds of local varieties retain their maternal qualities if taken from own-rooted peach. Seedlings from rootstocks are sterile.
2. Own-rooted peaches exhibit greater resistance to local conditions.
3. It is proposed to form fruit tree so as to give a bush shape, leaving mainly young growth.
4. Trees need to be planted so that they can be covered in the middle of winter. Create a screen from the north wind even in summer.
5. Use seedlings grafted onto almonds and cherry plums. Apricot Jardel is an unsuccessful rootstock for peach.

How to care for a peach tree? An example of proper agricultural technology for middle zone Can serve as a Kostetsky lover's garden. The harvest from each of 20 peaches in 2011 amounted to 30 kg per tree. He obtained such results by adapting to the needs of southerners for 20 years.

Recommendations for those interested in growing peaches in the Moscow region:

1. Planting several varieties of seedlings with a distance between holes of 3x4 meters.
2. Spring cutting out dry, weak, non-fruiting branches. After flowering, thinning is required, removing excess ovary, then the fruits reach 150-200 g in weight.
3. Protection – 4 times in spring spraying 1% copper sulfate against leaf curl, hole spotting.

The gardener fertilizes the plants all year round. After a year, 3 kg/sq.m. crumbles. m of plot area, humus in a mixture of superphosphate and potassium salt covers the entire area of ​​the garden in the fall. Early spring Fertilize with liquid organic matter annually. In winter, more than half a bucket of wood ash is poured into each hole. In the spring, when the buds swell, 300 g of complex fertilizer is applied to the tree trunk circle and filled with 5-6 buckets of water. After flowering, liquid 10% organic matter is added to the tree trunk circle in the amount of 3-4 buckets. In August, fertilizing is repeated with the addition of half a glass of superphosphate to the bucket.

In the fall, when the leaves fall, each tree receives another 10 buckets of water. Then the earth is mulched with humus. There is always space left near the trunk to prevent diaper rash.

Obtaining peach seedlings from pits

If you take a seed from your own rooted local peach variety, it will impart to the seedling resistance to climatic conditions, the size and taste of the mother fruit. How to grow a peach from a pit? Can be grown at home, in a pot. To do this, you need to keep the seed in water for 4 days, then remove it, split the seed, and plant the kernel in a pot.

For spring planting peaches need to be artificially stratified in winter. In a cool place, the stone is stored all winter in damp sand. In the spring, the seed will burst and a seedling will appear; it needs to be placed in a tub.

In the fall, you can spread the seeds into well-prepared soil at a distance of 10 cm. In the spring they will sprout, by the fall they will reach a height of 1.5 m and give off side branches. Next, they are seated in prepared planting pits.

In autumn, young plants are planted without cutting off the top branches, but the roots are shortened slightly. In spring, on the contrary, they pinch off the tops, beginning the formation of the tree.

Spring is the most important period in peach care.

Nature is awakening. It is at this time that the gardener begins to struggle to protect the peach from pests and diseases, and pruning to form the future harvest.

Caring for a peach in the spring involves timely releasing the branches and roots from the protective cover so as not to create diaper rash on the trunk. At the same time, protective measures should be carried out and fertilizing should be carried out in accordance with the schedule. As soon as the flower buds begin to swell, within 3 weeks it is time for the gardener to form a crown. The event is responsible, requiring practical skills and well-sharpened tools. How to properly prune peaches in spring, watch the video for beginners:

The main goals of spring pruning:

• rid the tree of fattening branches;
• provide access to sunlight for fruiting shoots;
• remove old branches that already have few fruitful shoots.

It must be remembered that pruning is an operation during which the tree can be weakened. It should be as gentle as possible. You cannot immediately cover the wet cut with garden varnish after pruning. You can apply a protective layer after 3-4 days to avoid gum formation.

Only a well-groomed, strong tree can decorate a garden and bear delicious, aromatic fruits.

How to grow a peach from a pit?

Most of us love the juicy peach fruit. They are associated with the south and relaxation. Path amazing plant to Europe from China passed through Persia. Hence the name. It has taken root well on our lands. Many novice gardeners dream of having this tree on their plot. Moreover, the benefits of its fruits are undoubted. They are not only tasty fresh, but also retain their quality perfectly when canned. Especially homemade ones. And peach oil is very popular in folk and cosmetic medicine. If you are the lucky owner summer cottage, learn how to grow a peach from a pit. Moreover, such cultivation does not present any particular difficulties.

Preparation

Which variety should I choose?

Ask local experienced gardeners; they know better than anyone what will take root best. It will be absolutely great if they share the fruit from their tree with you. Firstly, you will be able to see what kind of plant will grow in your area. Secondly, you will know exactly whether the tree is grafted or rooted. Give preference to the latter. Its characteristics are much higher. And the grafted one may even turn out to be infertile. Of course, your tree is unlikely to inherit all the qualities of the donor. However, it is still better than store-bought fruit.

How to prepare the fruit?

To grow a luxurious peach from a seed, you need to carefully select the fruit itself. It should be juicy, ripe, ripe, healthy. If it has just started to deteriorate, then this is not suitable.

Unfortunately, simply purchased peaches can give undesirable results. If you buy them on the market, then you need them to be from own garden. Keep them in a damp cloth for a week.

Separate the seed from the fruit. Rinse it thoroughly. Inspect for complete absence of defects and insect passages. Select several seeds in case one does not germinate. Soak them for a week, changing the water daily. Dry before use. Then split without damaging the kernel. Actually, you can start disembarking.

Landing - instructions

Place, time, soil

Peach loves a lot of light. Therefore, choose a lit area. To prevent other trees from shading it, it needs to be grown away from them. Minimum distance between plants - up to 5 meters.

The ideal planting time is autumn. Planting in spring or summer will produce weak shoots that may freeze in winter. In winter, the bone in the ground will withstand aging. The weakest will die. Essentially, natural selection will occur. But the shoots that emerge in the spring will be viable.

To grow a quality product, first fertilize the soil with organic fertilizers. Loosen thoroughly until it is soft enough. Bury the seed kernel into the open soil. Depth – 5-10 centimeters. No more. The distance between planting material is up to 10 centimeters. No additional watering or fertilizer is needed.

Growing homemade peach in a pot

It turns out you can grow a peach tree on your windowsill at home. It is very difficult to sprout from the seed. There is a possibility of complete absence of escapes. The harvest of indoor fruit crops appears much later. The quality of these fruits is also far from garden fruits. You will have to wait 5 years for flowering.

The technique for growing peach in a pot is the same as in open ground. Just before planting, keep the seed in a growth stimulator for 2 hours. The soil must be constantly moist. Cover the pot with a plastic bag. Remove it periodically every day. If you are lucky, the nucleolus should germinate.

Young tree care

The seed will sprout roots. Then a stem will form. In spring it needs to be watered abundantly every day.

Feed the tree with liquid manure. Spray with insecticides against pests (Ridomil, Tiovit). Because small seedlings are very susceptible to disease.

By autumn, a peach from a pit will grow up to one and a half meters. When its height is 70 centimeters or more, there will be a need to form a crown. Then side branches will appear. They are cut off. Diseased, deformed, weak parts are also removed. In spring, frozen shoots are removed.

When you plant the peach in its permanent location next spring, do spring pruning annually until flowering. Leave the distance between branches up to 20 centimeters. The most beautiful crown it will turn out in the form of a bowl.

When you choose a permanent location, dig a deep hole (at least 1 meter) in the fall. This should be the most illuminated place, well protected from the wind. Pre-fertilize the pit with organic and mineral fertilizers 1:1. It's good to dig. After planting the seedling, compact the soil. Make tree trunk circles. Pour 2-3 buckets of water at room temperature into it. Cover the holes with a layer of mulch or humus.

If you grow a peach from a pit, you will get the fruits in 2-3 years. That is, later than if you grow it from a seedling. But such a plant will be more frost-resistant, healthier, and less susceptible to attack by pests. And what is important, it will produce richer harvests.

Video “Growing peach in a greenhouse”

The video below will tell you how to grow peach in the north in a greenhouse.

Peach tree from a pit at home

Today it has become fashionable to grow some fertile trees at home, and these are mainly overseas varieties. They are grown, of course, not to constantly feast on their fragrant and juicy fruits, but rather to decorate the room with plants of unusual beauty.

It is precisely these overseas beauties that you can easily grow yourself that include the ordinary peach, the beauty of which, especially when fruiting, will not only highlight the interior of your room, but will make it unique! And what can we say about those periods when the plant begins to bloom and exude an amazing aroma that will reign in your home and lift your spirits after hard everyday life!

How to grow peaches at home?

A peach tree at home, simply put, in a pot, can be grown from seedlings purchased on occasion, but this option is not suitable for everyone, since sometimes there is simply nowhere to get seedlings!

Therefore, more and more often, modern lovers of beauty choose the simplest option of growing a peach tree, so to speak, from a seed, which they extract themselves by purchasing peach fruits on the market. However, even here you may not always be lucky. If you buy peach fruit from a previously grafted tree, then a barren flower may grow from your seed. Therefore, before purchasing, ask which tree you are buying fruits from; the tree must be its own roots. If you can easily graft a tree, then it doesn’t matter to you which tree the seed came from.

Preparing the Peach Pit

When removing a peach pit, rinse it immediately with tap water. Place the seed on the windowsill and dry. About a week before planting the seed in a pot, it should be placed in a glass of clean water. The water is replaced with new water every day, otherwise it will begin to mold and sour.

Typically, planting is done in the fall by placing the seed in a pot of soil. If for some reason you were unable to plant a seed in the fall, then store it in a dark place, and in the spring, shortly before planting, keep it in the refrigerator (on the door) for several days.

The seed will need to be lightly pricked before placing it in a pot of soil. This is necessary so that the seed germinates faster. This must be done with extreme caution, as the seed can be damaged. When the seed is processed, we collect the substrate in a small glass, most often it is ordinary fertile soil, and plant it to a depth of at least 8 cm.

Please note that the peach will not sprout quickly, so you need to place the glass with the pit in a warm and well-lit place. Watering needs to be done periodically, and it is better to create water in the container itself. greenhouse effect, covered with cellophane.

How to care for peach seedlings?

Having seen the first shoots, you can rejoice from the bottom of your heart - half the work is done, now all that remains is to help the plant grow and take root properly! After each watering, loosening should be done around the stem. Try to set a watering schedule so that the soil around the peach is always slightly moist.

With normal watering, sufficient lighting and favorable air temperature in the room, your sprout will quickly grow and in one season will reach a height of about a meter. An abundant crown will grow and it will need to be formed before autumn, that is, gradually in the process of growth. The main branch needs to be cut off so that additional shoots can grow around the trunk. Of the additional branches, the strongest ones are selected, the rest are partially shortened or completely cut off.

During the wintering period, the peach can be watered a little less, but with the beginning of spring, watering can be increased significantly, and the plant itself can be gradually moved to warm verandas. In summer you can even keep it outside. You shouldn’t rush with peach fruits either; you won’t see them before 2-3 years. By doing everything right, within a year your peach will attract the eye and delight you with its amazingly beautiful appearance!

Processing and feeding the plant

In the process of growing a peach tree at home from a seed, it can be fed with complex fertilizers, which contain potassium, nitrogen and other useful substances. It is also necessary to periodically treat the surface of the peach crown and the trunk itself with pest repellents.

" Peach

Grow a tree from a seed? Such thoughts come to everyone who likes to work in a garden or greenhouse from time to time. Especially if you hold a fragrant, juicy peach with tender flesh in your hands.

And if people have learned to grow lemons and pomegranates at home, then getting a peach tree is not difficult at all.

To do this, you need to be patient and follow the recommendations of experienced gardeners.

Choosing planting material

High-quality planting material is the key to success. Turkish or Spanish peaches, no matter how beautiful and tasty they are, are not suitable for planting in our latitudes.

Everyone knows that imported peaches are removed from the trees long before biological maturity. This is the right approach, because when the fruit reaches technical ripeness, it acquires a delicate taste, retains nutrients and tolerates transportation well over long distances.

But the seeds of such fruits do not ripen, and therefore you should not waste your time and effort on germinating them.

Besides, southern varieties will not survive in our climate because we are used to more comfortable conditions. Even if the seeds sprout, the seedlings themselves will die without receiving the required amount of sunlight and heat.

If you have already decided to plant a peach, stroll through the market looking for local fruits. The seller, who has grown his product with his own hands, will be happy to tell you how to care for the seedling in order to achieve fruiting.

It’s great if your neighbor in the country shares his harvest. In any case, prepare a few seeds. The germination rate of peach seeds is about 25%; some seedlings will die during cultivation, so the more seeds you collect, the better.

Be sure to ask what tree the peaches came from. Do not take fruits from a grafted tree., because the characteristics of the variety when grown are unlikely to correspond to the maternal ones.

Only peaches from own-rooted trees provide planting material that can preserve species characteristics.

Growing a peach from a pit is as easy as shelling pears:

Choosing a variety

Zoned varieties will perform better in the local climate, being content with the amount of heat and lighting that the nature of a particular region can provide them.

Even if you decide to plant seedlings in open ground, with proper care they will not be afraid of frost.

When choosing a peach variety, pay attention to the main characteristics.

Winter hardiness. If you plan to transplant a seedling into open ground, choose varieties with good winter hardiness and unpretentiousness to growing conditions.

Self-pollination. Many varieties are self-pollinating. But if you want to receive bountiful harvest, plant at least 3-4 peaches nearby, which will subsequently bear fruit.

Early ripeness– for successful fruiting in summer, it is recommended to plant early ripening varieties (July-first half of August).

The most popular early ripening peaches are: Early Rivers, Winner, Early Minion. The varieties Amsden and Kyiv Rannii have good winter hardiness, and the varieties Nectarine White, Nectarine Krasnodarsky, Redhaven and Nobles have high yields.

To remove the seeds, prepare large, ripe, soft fruits with no signs of damage, rot or mold. Remove the pulp from the seeds, rinse thoroughly under running warm water and dry. Select seeds without traces of pests or cracking.

Choosing a growing method

Gardeners use three methods to grow peach trees from pits.

Stratification, or “cold method”. Creates an imitation of cold natural conditions so that the seeds are prepared for germination and germinate better.

During stratification, the shells soften, the seeds swell, complex organic substances turn into simple ones and are absorbed by the seed embryo.

Seed extraction. « Fast way”, which involves splitting the seed and extracting the kernel. After removing the seeds from the seed, seedlings appear much earlier than with stratification.

Warm way. You can germinate seeds in pots at room temperature and natural light.

Gardeners use three methods to grow peach trees from pits: cold - stratification, warm and from extracted seeds

Cold method, or stratification, at home

For successful stratification, it is necessary to create moist conditions for the seeds at low positive temperatures and provide access to air. For these purposes, a compartment for storing vegetables in the refrigerator or basement is suitable.

Stratify the seeds as follows:

1. Prepare a small container without a lid filled with damp sand or peat. Use coarse-grained sand, screened from foreign particles and thoroughly washed.
2. Place the seeds in the sand to a depth of 6-8 cm, place the container in a plastic bag with holes (to allow air to penetrate) and place in the refrigerator for the winter.
3. Check the container regularly and, if necessary, moisten the sand or peat with a spray bottle. The main thing is not to overdo it with watering, otherwise the seeds may rot.
4. After 3-4 months, the seeds will “hatch” and the sprouts of future peaches will appear.
5. Remove the container with the sprouts from the refrigerator and plant the seedlings in pots. Take pots with drainage holes. Use fertile soil from a mixture of leaf soil, peat and humus.
6. Place the pots with seedlings in a well-lit place.
7. Avoid sudden changes in temperature. At first, provide the sprouts temperature regime+10°C, placing them on a glazed balcony or veranda.
8. After a few days, bring the pots of sprouts into the room and maintain the room temperature at +18+20°C. Water sparingly when the soil dries out.

What is stratification. How to do stratification correctly:

Crack and extract seeds

A quick way to grow a tree from a seed for the impatient. If you don’t want to wait until spring for seedlings to appear.

Proceed as follows:

1. Chop the washed and dried bones using a knife or hammer. Work with tools carefully, try not to damage the core of the bone.
2. Remove the seeds and place in warm water for 2-3 days to swell. Replace the water with fresh water daily.
3. When you see that the seeds have swollen and increased in size, plant them in separate pots with drainage holes. Select the size of the pot taking into account the fact that the planting depth is 4-6 cm.
4. After planting, water the seeds and cover the pots with glass or plastic wrap. Ventilate the “greenhouses” every day - remove the film, wipe off the condensation and let the pots “breathe” for a while. Remember, excess moisture causes the appearance of fungus and mold, which are destructive to seeds and seedlings.
5. After sprouts appear, remove the film.

During the growth of a peach, the root system first grows, and only then the tree itself is formed.

Gardeners who grow peaches from seeds note that the height of the seedling reaches 0.5 m after 2-3 months.

How to germinate in a warm way

With this method, peach seeds are immediately planted in pots with a soil mixture in the hope of waiting for sprouts to appear in a few months.

The planting technology is simple:

1. Keep the prepared bones in the refrigerator for 6-10 days. This will be a kind of short-term stratification.
2. Remove the seeds from the refrigerator and soak for 2-3 hours in a growth stimulator.
3. Plant the seeds in a moist soil mixture to a depth of 6-8 cm.
4. Cover the pots with transparent polyethylene or glass, ventilate them daily and wipe off condensation.
5. Sprout peaches at room temperature, placing the pots on a brightly lit windowsill. Water as needed.
6. When sprouts appear after 3-4 months, remove the film and move the seedlings to a well-lit place without drafts or direct sunlight.

Caring for young peach shoots

In order for seedlings to survive and gain strength, it is necessary to create favorable conditions for them.

Soil. Use loose, fertile soil made from peat, humus, sand and leaf soil in proportions 1: 1: 1: 2.

Lighting. Provide good lighting. If there is a lack of sunlight, use LED phytolamps, which will provide the necessary spectrum and accelerate plant growth.

Watering. Water the soil regularly. Reduce watering during fruit ripening and dormant periods.

Temperature conditions. In winter, provide a temperature of +2+4°C, with the onset of spring during flowering +10+15°C, and after flowering +18+25°C.

Provide the tree with a winter dormant period. During this time, significantly reduce watering, discard additional lighting and provide the plant with a temperature of +2+4°C. Resume normal care after your kidneys awaken.

Feeding. Starting in March, feed the plants with mineral and organic fertilizers every two weeks. Stop fertilizing in September. For organic fertilizers, use a nutritious infusion of humus.

Transfer. Transplant the seedling into a pot as it grows larger size in early spring (before flowering) or early September.

Trimming. When the side shoots begin to grow and the height of the main trunk is 70 cm, begin forming the crown.

Fruiting occurs on the side branches of the tree, so the seedling should not be allowed to grow upward. Carry out the main pruning next spring. Prune and pinch out vigorous shoots annually.

Planting a tree in open ground at the dacha

Only the owners can grow a full-fledged peach at home winter garden, cool veranda, glass loggia or greenhouses.

In normal apartment conditions, it is impossible to provide the seedling with the necessary temperature conditions, depending on the time of year. But if all conditions can be met, then in the first year, a young peach will grow up to 1.5 m.

Plan to transplant peach into open ground for March next year or early September. If you plant several seedlings, maintain an interval of 3-4 meters between them.

The same distance should be to adult plants that provide extensive shade, and to the walls of buildings on the site. Choose a place for planting that is well lit, but protected from drafts.

Before planting a peach dig a hole about 1 m deep, add organic fertilizer and dig well. Plant the seedling and compact the soil. Spray the tree trunk circles with water at room temperature and cover with a layer of mulch or humus.

A plant grown from seed at home needs to be given special attention in the first 2-3 years after transplanting into open ground, because it is still poorly adapted to weather conditions.

In winter, wrap the tree with burlap or non-woven material , and insulate the barrel with glass wool. Take care of the root system - to prevent it from freezing, cover the soil around the tree trunk with a thick layer of fallen leaves or spruce branches.

In conditions open ground young trees can be attacked by aphids, scale insects, spider mites and codling moths. Peaches are characterized by scab, leaf curl, powdery mildew, fruit rot, clusteropsoriosis and moniliosis.

To protect the seedlings, Regularly prune dry and cracked shoots and carry out preventive treatment with insecticides.

The process of growing a peach tree from a pit is not difficult, but it does require time and patience. With proper care after 2-3 years, fragrant and juicy fruits will appear, and the harvest can be harvested within 10-12 years.

Growing peaches is practiced even in the harsh conditions of Siberia, so in our latitudes you can safely take on the experiment.

How to germinate a peach pit: