The creation of any home interior begins with renovation work, the main task of which is not only the decorative finishing of surfaces, but also their preparation for subsequent design. In order for the building material to be securely attached to the base and give the room an aesthetic appearance, it is necessary to first align the walls and ceiling. To do this, plaster and putty are applied to the surface of the ceilings.
Today, this finishing material is presented in a huge assortment, but in order to carry out the work correctly, you need to know its features and distinctive characteristics.
Features of the plaster mixture
Plaster is considered a universal building mixture; it is often used to level ceilings, walls and other types of surfaces. Plaster is produced in three types, each of them has individual properties, has its pros and cons.
The most popular finishing material is lime-based material., it is used for interior works. The composition is affordable and easy to apply. In addition, lime plaster is made from environmentally friendly raw materials, so it is absolutely harmless to human health. The only disadvantage of the product is that it is not very durable and quickly loses its original appearance.
You can also plaster the ceiling and walls using the mixture on cement based . It is used for repairs both inside and outside the building. Main feature such plaster is considered to have a low price and high quality. The material has a plastic structure, so it quickly takes on the desired shape on the surface, it protects coatings well from moisture and is suitable for finishing walls made of brick, concrete and foam concrete.
Cement plaster allows you to eliminate minor defects, for which it is applied to the walls in a thick layer of 2 cm or a reinforcing mesh is used, thanks to which you can level the base by 5 cm. In addition, the product is characterized by high thermal insulation.
For interior decoration premises are also used gypsum plaster. Although the material is considered plastic in operation, it does not withstand moisture and mechanical stress. Thanks to its unique structure, you can quickly and easily level large surfaces. Such mixtures are applied in a small thickness - up to 5 cm.
They dry quickly and allow you to begin the subsequent decorating process just 15 minutes after leveling.
Characteristics of putty
Putties are a universal finishing material that is produced in several types. Most often, craftsmen choose polymer, gypsum and cement putty for work. Each of these product types is designed for specific application conditions. So, for example, cement mixture well suited for covering surfaces that are planned to be subsequently decorated with heavy materials.
It is also convenient to putty walls with gypsum-based mixtures, but such a product is not resistant to humidity and temperature changes, can be deformed and cannot withstand mechanical stress. Therefore, it is best to purchase polymer putty.
During its manufacturing process, various polymers are added in the form of acrylic and latex, therefore, the characteristics of the material may change as follows:
- Acrylic composition. Allows you to carry out quality work inside and outside buildings. Such raw materials cope well with sudden changes in temperature and moisture, so they can be used to decorate walls in rooms with non-standard microclimatic conditions.
- Latex composition. It is a universal means for leveling bases, but is best suited for interior repairs. Polymer putty is odorless, dries quickly and hides wall defects well.
Differences
After the rough work is completed, you can begin to directly finish the walls, but at this stage, many craftsmen are faced with the question of choosing a building material, since putty is significantly different from plaster. The difference lies not only in the constituent components, but also in the scope of application of the mixtures. In addition, dried plaster leaves a relief layer with porous structure, and putty gives the surface density and smoothness.
Plaster is usually chosen when it is necessary to cope with deep cracks and irregularities. It allows you to eliminate the curvature of the walls, so it is applied in a thick layer. As for putty, this material consists of small particles and is used for coatings to smooth out roughness and minor defects. The putty can be sanded, so after its application the surface takes on an ideal appearance and is considered completely ready for interior decoration.
In addition, the main difference between plaster and putty is that the first mixture acts as a base layer, and the second is the final coating. Since the materials differ in the composition of their components, they require different drying times. For example, plaster can dry for at least two days, and walls finished with putty are ready for decoration after a few hours.
Scope of application
Before you begin finishing activities using putty and plaster, it is important to take into account the nuance that these materials have their own individual characteristics of use. Typically, putty mixtures are chosen for leveling window slopes, ceilings and walls. To do this, they are purchased in ready-made paste form or prepared independently by mixing dry ingredients with water. In this case, the main task of putty is not only to level the base, but to create the smoothest possible surface on it.
This material is available in two types:
- starting;
- finishing.
Starting products are suitable for sealing cracks and small defects, and finishing products are chosen after all work has been completed, when the base needs to be properly prepared for painting, wallpaper or other decor. It is worth noting that It is strictly forbidden to mix starting and finishing putty, since the result will be a heterogeneous structure and such a layer will quickly crumble.
The starting coating is applied directly to the plaster in one or several layers, and the resulting effect is secured with the finishing coating. In addition, finishing putty is used to remove small scratches and seams between drywall or slabs.
Plaster is characterized by a different scope of application - its composition is used to cover aerated concrete, brick, cement and concrete surfaces. The plaster is intended for rough finishing of surfaces; its layer should not exceed 50 mm; if it is necessary to cover the walls tightly, then it is best to additionally use a special reinforced mesh.
Plastering is carried out at the very initial stage of preparing walls and ceilings, after the old coating has been dismantled and the base has been cleaned. This material is available in dry form, so before using it, mix it well in the right proportions with water until a homogeneous consistency is formed.
How to apply?
Any surface finishing must be done with high quality and, upon completion of the work, not only look beautiful, but also hold securely. To increase performance characteristics decorative material, it must be applied to a well-prepared base. To do this, the coating is carefully leveled and its surface is made smooth using plaster and putty. If the unevenness is less than 5 mm, then use finishing putty. For large cracks and holes, it is recommended to use plaster. Each of these products has individual properties, so the application process varies.
When working with plaster, first remove the remnants of the inter-brick mortar that protrude on the walls, then determine the protrusion point using a level and calculate the maximum thickness of the mortar layer. After this, surface preparation begins and a primer is applied.
To level the walls, you do not need to immediately cover their entire area; usually this is done in parts. Beacons will help to simplify the delimitation of zones.
The mixture is easy to prepare. The dry powder is poured into a special container and, according to the instructions on the label, mixed with water until homogeneous mass. As a rule, it takes no more than half an hour to prepare the solution, after which it can be used.
The resulting mixture is applied to the surface using a spatula and leveled with a rule. It is important to control the horizontal and vertical coverage. The remaining mortar is removed, and then you can begin leveling another area.
Work with finishing putty is carried out when the cracks do not exceed 2 mm. The finished mixture is applied to the walls by spraying or with a spatula. Before starting leveling, it is necessary to prime the surface. To ensure that the putty is evenly distributed over the base, it is recommended to first hold the spatula at an angle of 60 degrees, and then gradually reduce its inclination. Walls should be covered with putty in horizontal and vertical strokes. The finishing putty dries within 24 hours, after which it can be sanded and applied on top decorative material in the form of paint or wallpaper.
Often, in order for the surface of walls and ceilings to acquire an attractive appearance, textured plaster is used in their decoration, which, unlike conventional plaster, gives the coating an unusual decor.
It is worth immediately noting that the process of applying this material is not considered simple, and therefore requires the implementation of a certain technique.
Since plastering is accompanied by dirt and dust, before it begins, you need to remove all furniture from the room and cover things.
The modern construction market is “rich” in a variety of materials and compositions used for repair work. Some of the most popular types are plaster and putty, which are widely used for wall finishing.
Many people mistakenly believe that these building materials are no different from each other. Therefore, in order to understand the difference between the compositions, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the features and properties of each option.
Features of materials
Plaster
To begin with, it is worth saying that plaster is used to eliminate cracks and various defects surfaces. After its application, a hard and durable layer is formed. Plaster can be used to level not only walls, but also ceilings. With the help of such a building mixture, you can quickly and efficiently get rid of differences on the surface.
Often plaster is applied in only one layer, which is several centimeters. This is quite enough to eliminate unevenness and get rid of cracks. At the core plaster mixture large granules are present. The size of these components directly determines how durable and thick the applied layer will be.
To create simple plaster, the following components are used:
- sand;
- cement;
- water.
One part of cement will be enough for three parts of the sand base. It is worth noting that mixing such a mixture is quite difficult, especially if this is your first time doing repair work.
More often plaster is used to treat large surfaces. This option is somewhat cheaper than gypsum mixture. It is worth noting that this composition is easier to apply to the surface. In addition, the gypsum mixture lends itself well to leveling, which simplifies the repair process.
putty
To understand the difference between putty and plaster, you need to familiarize yourself with the basic properties of the material. This composition is most often used to eliminate small defects on the surface. Unlike plaster, the surface can be puttyed in a thin layer, since the base does not contain large granules.
The finely dispersed mixture is applied both to the wall and to the ceiling. The composition lends itself well to leveling, which is done using a spatula. In addition, manufacturers of this material offer customers a fairly wide range of mixtures:
- The first option is the cement type. Plasticizers are added to the main components of the putty. The difference from plaster is the presence of small granules. A feature of cement putty is high level moisture resistance. This option is often used as a finishing coating after wall treatment.
- By the name of gypsum putty, you can understand that its main component is gypsum. But many people are wondering how this option differs from plaster. The composition is based on finely ground gypsum. This material functions not only as a filler, but also as a binder. The main disadvantage of gypsum putty is that it cannot be used in rooms with high humidity. Under such conditions, the coating cracks and deforms. Therefore, this putty is used exclusively for interior decoration.
- No less in demand on construction market is an acrylic mixture. The composition of the material is rich in resins, providing a glossy surface after completion of work. Chalk and a water base are often used as additional components.
- Less often used for repair work is adhesive putty. The material is based on natural drying oil. In addition, up to 10% of the adhesive component is added to the composition.
Applications
Putty and plaster are used to level surfaces. But the second option is most often used to repair severe damage. These could be cracks, strong changes in the wall or ceiling. This is due to the fact that large granules ensure reliable fastening of the layer during application.
One more distinguishing feature plaster is the absence of shrinkage. But many experts argue that the layer thickness should not exceed 30 mm, otherwise additional reinforcement is required. It is worth understanding that due to its structure, plaster can eliminate serious defects. But it is impossible to ensure a perfectly flat surface using this composition.
As for putty, it contains smaller components, as mentioned above. Thanks to this, the composition will provide a smooth surface at the end of the preparatory process.
After treatment with putty, the wall is completely ready for further manipulations - decoration and wallpapering.
The peculiarity of this material is that it can be used to eliminate minor defects on the surface. If the putty is applied in a thin layer and observed the right technology work, the composition will hold up well for quite a long period.
If the layer is too thick, shrinkage of the material may occur in the future..
Often, when performing repair work, plaster and putty are combined. The first option is used for initial leveling of surfaces, the second - as a finishing treatment.
Working with compounds
The difference between the materials lies not only in the main components and the final result, but also in the application methods. Basically, the method of work depends on the type of filler used, since it is this component that determines the nature of the mixture’s attachment to the surface.
To work with cement-type plaster, the master uses a special spatula. Using the throwing method, you can ensure maximum adhesion of the material to the wall being treated.
Particular attention must be paid to sufficient moisture during work.
The surface periodically needs to be treated with water, otherwise the plaster will not adhere well to the wall.
Finishing of internal surfaces is carried out in one stage. As for exterior work, before plastering the wall, you first need to moisten it and apply a primer on top. An obligatory step is covering.
Finally, the surface is treated with putty or decorative plaster. In this case, the choice depends on your preferences and, of course, the type of surface.
As for putty, this composition is best applied using a special spatula. A narrow tool is used to take the mixture, after which it is transferred to equipment with a narrow base. Next, the mixture is washed over the surface.
Putty, especially gypsum, should be spread over the wall in a thin layer. In this case, the material does not deform and does not shrink.
How to choose?
When choosing putty and plaster for preparing walls indoors, you should pay attention to several important points:
- When buying the first option, you first need to determine the location of the repair. If you plan to prepare an already plastered facade, then it is best to give preference to a mixture for exterior use. There is also a special heat-insulating putty that is ideal for sealing small cracks.
- If you plan to level the walls in the bathroom, it is best to give preference to the starting mixture. Such putties are used for interior work. The advantage is that the surfaces do not require finishing leveling.
- When preparing walls in residential premises for further painting, you should give preference to gypsum putty. A polymer composition with high performance qualities would be a good choice. If the surfaces do not have strong differences, you can use the finishing option.
- If the putty is used for decorative finishing, it is better to apply regular texture putty.
- As for the choice of plaster, everything here also depends on the type of surface and repair technology. For example, a regular mortar of cement and sand is used for rough surface finishing work. The composition is used to eliminate serious defects.
- Regarding gypsum plaster, it should be said that it is best used after treating the walls with cement-sand mortar. The mixture will help get rid of minor defects.
- Decorative plaster today is often used as alternative option wallpaper. The material is presented in a wide range of colors. A separate view are decorative compositions used for facade work.
Any renovation in a house or apartment is a hassle and a problem. And on preparatory stage finishing work, correctly selected building materials - putty or plaster - play an important role.
They differ from each other in many ways - from chemical structure to scope of use. And only correctly and appropriately selected ingredients will allow the repair to be completed efficiently and correctly.
Differences and differences between finishing materials
Many people ask the question - what is putty and plaster and what is the difference? Today, these building mixtures are used to treat walls and ceilings indoors. Every master knows and understands the difference between plaster and putty. The difference between them stems from where they will be used, whether it is necessary to process a large unevenness, or to do the final stage. Therefore, they differ in composition from each other.
Plaster, as a rule, is used in work with large surface irregularities, forming a layer that can insulate the room and protect it from moisture. Putty, which contains a fine fraction, is used for work with a small exterior, mainly as a final element.
Plastering and puttying walls (video)
Plaster composition
Plaster is a building mixture used to smooth out large unevenness on walls and ceilings. The thickness of the layer for work is several centimeters. The putty consists of specific grades of cement, sand and polymer additives. These additives allow you to achieve excellent puttying, thanks to good adhesion to surfaces. Often the composition contains PVA glue to give the solution hardness and elasticity.
As an option, mixtures that include gypsum with various polymer additives are often used. Such components will provide the surface with softness and can be used to smooth out even minor problems. Despite this, the master must know - gypsum plaster and putty what is the difference.
What does putty consist of?
Today, a number of different types are used in construction. different types putties, which may differ in composition:
- Cement-based mortar The main components are cement and sand with the addition of plasticizers to impart elasticity. This solution is highly waterproof and can be used for indoor and outdoor work.
- A mixture of polymers. There are acrylic and latex. The acrylic mixture contains chalk as an additive, and the latex mixture contains various chemical elements. When applied correctly, this material gives a smooth surface and can be used both inside and outside the building.
- Gypsum is the basis of the mixture. The main component is fine gypsum. Due to poor exposure to moisture, the gypsum mixture is not used outdoors.
What are the differences?
Before you start finishing, you need to understand what the difference is between putty and plaster:
- Plaster is a cheaper finishing mixture that is used to correct large and deep irregularities. Its component is a polymer filler, which provides a certain strength.
- Putty is a construction mixture used to correct small irregularities and does not sag over time.
The difference is also seen in the application to the surface itself.
Advice: If you need to apply a layer more than 8-10 mm thick to any surface, it is recommended to use only plaster.
What type of finish do you prefer?
When it comes to finishing, the question arises - to plaster or putty? There is a rule in construction that will answer this question. Plaster material placed on concrete, brick, to level out large irregularities, and minor defects are removed with putty material. Based on the above, we can conclude that when finishing works Initially, plastering is performed, and then puttying is performed.
After reading this article, you will learn how to correctly use different types of putties: you will learn the difference between finishing and starting putties, acrylic from latex, and gypsum from cement. We will also talk about the features of working with each type of this material.
Starting and finishing putty
All putties are divided into starting and finishing. This division is conditional, because the finishing putty can be applied, for example, before wallpapering the walls. Whereas starting putty can serve as an excellent basis for applying texture to the surface.
From a technical point of view, the finish and start in putties differ in the size of the filler fraction. In human terms, the starting putty has much larger grains of quartz sand, which is usually the filler for putty, than the finishing putty. This difference allows you to apply the starting putty in a much thicker layer than the finishing one, without fear that when it dries it will shrink more and crack. But it is impossible to grind the starting putty to a perfectly smooth surface, even using grinding tools for grouting. The surface treated with the starting putty will still remain rough to the touch, while the finishing surface can be sanded to a mirror smoothness.
As a rule, these two putties are used in tandem. First, one or several layers of starting putty are applied to the surface of the walls or ceiling, and after it dries, the surface is treated with a finishing putty. However, such technology is not mandatory. It all depends on the surface and the expected end result.
As mentioned above, starting putty allows you to create a certain texture on the surface. Finishers take advantage of this and use special tools and application techniques to create interesting effects. Such textured surfaces can be obtained by working with starting putty from any material and almost any manufacturer. It all depends on the skills of the master and the quality of the putty itself. Some brands There are separate lines of decorative putties, supplemented with modifiers and plasticizers and even having additional fractional fillers.
Division of putty by base type
Start and finish are the separation of absolutely all putties existing in nature. But their main classification is carried out according to the type of base from which they are made. There are gypsum and cement dry putties, ready-made polymer putties, which, in turn, are divided into acrylic and latex.
Each of these types has its own area of application and method of application, has special technical and physical characteristics, and even requires different skills from builders and finishers. Some of them can only be used inside buildings, while some are intended not for mineral bases, but for wood or wood-based panels. In order to understand what is what, it is necessary to consider each type of putty separately.
Gypsum putties
For most people, both professional builders and ordinary consumers, these putties are synonymous with the very concept of “putty.” For a very long time in the post-Soviet period, Turkish gypsum putty ASB was widespread, which created this image. I must say that it was a fairly universal and high-quality putty, with which professional craftsmen managed to work real miracles. For example, rub it to an almost mirror-like surface. Therefore, the requirements for other brands that appeared on our market later were made on the basis of the prevailing opinion about this particular putty. However, very often the expectations turned out to be unjustified.
Gypsum putty is now produced by a large number of domestic and foreign manufacturers in the form of a dry mixture, which is based on gypsum. It is best when it is snow-white gypsum, similar to the one used in the notorious ABS. However, domestic manufacturers use gypsum from local deposits, and it usually has a yellowish tint. The exception is the putties of the KNAUF concern, which are produced on fairly white plaster. The filler of gypsum putty is white quartz sand or marble flour, and the application features depend on the size of the particle fraction of these materials - the smaller the size, the thinner the putty layer can be when applied to the surface. It is the factionality of the filler that divides putties into start and finish, as mentioned above. Putties, the filler of which is marble flour, have a much thinner application layer than those with sand filler. It can be even tenths of a millimeter.
But in gypsum putties the concept “universal” is very often used. This is due to the binder base, that is, gypsum. It is its properties that allow the putty to be applied in a sufficiently thick layer with a thin filler fraction. Other ingredients of any gypsum putty are various modifiers and plasticizers. They are the main know-how of each manufacturer and form the basis of the putty formulation. Their purpose is to impart certain properties and qualities to the composition. For example, additional plasticity, prevention of hardening too quickly or too slowly, protection against cracking on the wall or crumbling.
Gypsum putties have a huge number of positive qualities. They are ideal for residential premises due to the fact that gypsum is an environmentally friendly material and does not emit any harmful substances into the atmosphere and has the ability to maintain an optimal indoor microclimate. This ability is due to the fact that gypsum is a very hygroscopic material. It absorbs excess moisture from the atmosphere, which it releases back when the air humidity in the room decreases. But precisely because of this property of gypsum, putties that are based on it cannot be used for outdoor work.
Cement putties
These putties are well known to builders since Soviet times. Of course, then they had a slightly different recipe and were most often made in an artisanal way with the addition of lime mortar. Now such putties are produced in the form of a dry mixture by almost all manufacturers of building materials of this kind.
The basis of cement putty is, of course, cement. It can be either ordinary gray cement or white. The brand of cement can also vary depending on the manufacturer and purpose of the putty mixture. As with other cement mortars, the grade affects the strength of the final surface. Obviously, for façade putties a higher grade of cement is required. The filler for cement putty is sand of various types or marble flour. As in gypsum putties, it is the fraction of the filler that affects the thickness of the layer with which the putty can be applied. The formulation of cement putties also includes modifying and plasticizing additives, which give the putty additional properties. Many manufacturers also add antifreeze to their mixtures, which allows them to work with cement mortar at sub-zero temperatures.
Cement putties are frost-resistant and can be used both inside and outside buildings. They are not as environmentally friendly and beneficial for the microclimate of the room as gypsum, but they are more durable and resistant to mechanical damage coating. True, such putties also have a significant drawback, which manufacturers strive to avoid with the help of modifiers - shrinkage. As it dries on the surface, the putty shrinks and cracks. Sometimes this happens a considerable time after its application. To prevent this from happening, it is necessary to very carefully follow all the manufacturer’s technological requirements, both when preparing the solution and when applying it to the surface. In this case, it is very important that the basis of the surface on which the putty is applied is a material that has a higher grade strength or equal to the putty. For this reason cement putties cannot be applied to wooden or plastic surfaces, or over plaster bases. In this case, the putty is guaranteed to shrink and crack.
Polymer acrylic putties
Polymer putties are offered by manufacturers in ready-made form. This is undoubtedly a big advantage, because in this way errors that can be made when diluting and preparing the solution are eliminated. However, there are some disadvantages to this form. For example, if storage conditions are not observed, such putty may partially or completely lose technical specifications and properties declared by the manufacturer.
The binder base in such putties is a polymer substance, in particular acrylic. Being not a natural, but a synthetic material, it has a number of significant advantages over gypsum or cement. The main one is the ability of acrylic to interact with other components of the solution, which allows you to obtain a more uniform and dense structure and avoid shrinkage or cracks due to non-compliance with application technology.
Working with this putty is much easier than with dry analogues. Indeed, regardless of the addition of plasticizers, the acrylic mixture is very plastic in itself. In addition, acrylic putties have a fairly universal area of application. They can be used to putty on almost any surface, be it wood, drywall or concrete. Acrylic is a frost-resistant material, so putties based on it can be used both indoors and on building facades.
The thinner for acrylic-based putties is water, so if the material dries out excessively, it is permissible to slightly dilute it cold water. The filler for polymer finishing materials is usually marble flour or fine marble sand. Putties, like gypsum putties, are divided into starting and finishing, but usually in ready-made solutions this division does not depend on the aggregate fraction, but on the modifiers and their quantity. A significant disadvantage of acrylic putties is their fairly high cost, especially in comparison with cement and gypsum analogues. However, this disadvantage is slightly compensated by the cost-effectiveness and ease of application of this type of material.
Polymer latex putties
Latex is another type of polymer that acts as an astringent base in ready-made polymer putties. It differs from acrylic in being more resistant to various types loads that can expect putty during operation. After all, latex is essentially rubber, so it gives the putty a special elasticity. Putty can be either entirely latex-based or combined with acrylic - acrylate. This has practically no effect on the properties of the putty. You can use latex putty on absolutely anything, even metal surfaces, which is absolutely unacceptable for other types of putties.
Its disadvantages include high cost and the fact that the surface treated with such a composition practically does not “breathe”. Also, latex materials have low vapor permeability, so it is not recommended to finish walls or ceilings in residential areas with this type of putty. Otherwise, this is an excellent universal finishing material that is very easy to work with. It does not shrink at all and is suitable for use over a wide temperature range. In addition, manufacturers add various antiseptic substances to polymer putties, which prevent the formation of mold, mildew, corrosion or efflorescence on finished surfaces.
This review of putties gives enough general idea about this diverse finishing material. For a broader understanding of putties, you need to familiarize yourself with the manufacturers and the range they offer to consumers.
Alexander Birzhin, rmnt.ru
Putty and plaster are not very different, but this is extremely important when finishing. After all, the putty has a finer fraction and is much more suitable for painting.
Today we will look in detail at the difference between putty and plaster. You will be able to see the photo and instructions will be given on the rules for choosing the material.
Putty, plaster, that's two different materials. In order to feel the difference between putty and plaster, you need to understand what these mixtures are and what they are intended for.
If you don’t want to dive into the issue, you can trust an experienced craftsman who is well acquainted with all finishing options.
What is the difference between putty and plaster:
- Plaster is a building mixture that levels external and interior walls, as well as ceilings.
- Putty is also a building mixture for leveling wall surfaces.
- Differences between these two building materials consists in using plaster to smooth out crooked walls or blockages in it, and using putty to cover up minor defects, such as cracks, seams between sheets of plasterboard (see Puttying plasterboard seams - how this is done), potholes and more.
- Putty differs from plaster in that it almost does not shrink.
Attention: Plastering will cost you much less due to the large mineral filler. It is also much stronger than putty. After all, everyone knows that crushed stone is added to the solution for strength when concreting. The same is true with plaster, the strength of which depends on the coarse filler. That is why this mixture is applied in a thick layer.
Plaster composition
Plaster putty the difference is also visible in the composition. These are slightly different materials.
So:
- Plaster consists of a mixture of cement, sand and polymer additives, which contribute to the plasticity of the solution and good adhesion to the base (adhesion). It should not be forgotten that when preparing cement-sand mortar you can or rather need to add glue (PVA).
- When adding gypsum with stabilizer additives, the mixture will slowly adhere and thus the composition will be very plastic.
- Much less often in repair work They use mixtures of cement and lime, clay and lime, clay and gypsum, as well as clay and cement. You can prepare them either with your own hands or purchase these dry mixtures in construction stores. But keep in mind that you can’t buy it everywhere. ready-made mixtures, so it’s better to make them yourself.
Putty composition
| Cement putty |
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| Gypsum putty | With which walls and ceilings are finished, it is used exclusively when working indoors, where there is no moisture. Moisture causes gypsum to deteriorate very quickly. This mixture differs from plaster because the gypsum is ground more finely. Gypsum acts as both a filler and a binder. |
| Acrylic putty | Used in construction work and acrylic-based mixtures (acrylic resins). In addition to acrylic resins, chalk (as a filler) and water are added to the solution. If you apply the resulting mixture correctly, the surface of the walls will resemble gloss. This putty can be used for internal and external construction work. |
In addition to the above types of putty, you can choose other, so to speak “exotic” compositions:
- There is an oil putty made from natural drying oil and adding other fillers.
- The adhesive consists not only of drying oil, but also of glue (approximately 10% of the total composition). Based on epoxy resin making epoxy plaster. The latex in latex plaster has binding properties. It is also possible to use glue (polyvinyl acetate) with a mineral filler.
Plaster or putty?
Everyone can easily understand this issue. The use of these materials in work is based on what they are.
It has already been stated above that plaster is used to level walls, ceilings, and rubble. If you need to correct some defects, such as cracks, scratches, potholes, seams, then you need to putty.
Attention: Putty or plaster, where it is necessary to apply a layer of more than one cm, then plaster is used. If less, then use putty.
Now it is extremely clear that from the beginning the wall requires plastering, and only after that – puttying, which prepares for painting and wallpapering.
How to apply construction mixtures
Application methods will be different for different building mixtures. Therefore, this fact cannot be ignored.
Let's consider the most current types of mixtures:
| Cement plaster | This plaster does not have adhesive properties, it is astringent, so it must be applied with a trowel or a construction spoon.
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| Plaster | Gypsum putty or plaster, unlike cement, is not thrown on, but spread.
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Plaster and wall putty are not difficult work. But it must be carried out according to certain rules. Although the price is not high, you should remember that if you mix a lot, then you simply may not have time to use it.
So you shouldn't do too much. Especially if you don't have practice. You can see everything in the video in this article.
But you should remember the following:
- One layer of plaster should not be more than 1 centimeter. The thickness of the entire plaster coating is 5 cm. If the thickness of the plaster does not exceed 3 cm, then it can be applied without reinforcement. If more than indicated, then such a process is necessary (steel and fiberglass mesh).
- Before applying putty, the wall surfaces require priming. Putty is also characterized by not having such strong adhesion to the base as plaster.
- Don't forget that before gluing wallpaper or painting walls, a primer is also required. With its help, the surface is strengthened, porosity is reduced and the adhesion of materials is improved.
Attention: From all of the above, we can conclude that plaster and putty have their differences. These mixtures are prepared from different components and are intended for different purposes in construction work.
Decorative plaster is also made from putty, it just contains more dyes and therefore is a less durable coating. How to do decorative plaster You can find your own putty on the pages of our website, but you should know that this material should not be used in places with high moisture and temperature changes, otherwise it will begin to flake and fall off.
This type of putty can also be applied to plaster. In this way, you can even select individual parts of the general plane.