Metal putty is used in cases where scratches, small holes and dents appear on the coating. With its help, the surface returns to its original state. There are many types of putty, but not every one is suitable for metal.
There are putties for metal, which are divided into one- and two-component. Manufacturers produce mixtures of different compositions:
- polyester;
- epoxy;
- nitro putty;
- pentaphthalic.
Each composition has its own specific characteristics and features when applied to the surface. If you have a choice when buying a putty for metal products, you need to pay attention to its properties; a high-quality putty should have the following:
- short drying time;
- high adhesion to the coating;
- high degree of ductility, even after drying;
- ease of application and maximum surface leveling;
- minimum shrinkage after completion of work;
- compatibility with varnishes or coloring components.
Which metal putty is better, everyone decides for themselves when purchasing.
Polyester
Two-component putties - These are polyester-based compositions to which a hardener must be added before use. The advantages of this type of putty are that it:
- does not shrink;
- has a high degree of adhesion to the surface;
- heat resistant;
- easy to apply.
On construction market Polyester putties are available in the following versions:
- Finishing or finishing. They provide sealing of cracks, dents and scratches, at the same time maximally leveling the coating.
- Fine-grained composition. This option is used to eliminate small cracks and irregularities.
- Medium-grained and coarse-grained. Such mixtures can be filled big holes and dents, they can be applied both to a clean surface and to one previously treated with putty.
Manufacturers of building materials produce putty mixtures for metal in the form of powder (reinforced metal) and fiberglass. The former are resistant to vibrations, they need to be used on a flat surface, the latter are capable of repairing through holes, noticeable irregularities and large dents; these types of mixtures are not resistant to shaking and mechanical influence.
The main advantage of polyester putty is that the unused part of it, to which no hardener has been added, can be stored further until the expiration date indicated on the packaging and will not become unusable. Hardener and base must be stored separately.
Advice! If you need a high-temperature putty for a metal surface, choose from a range of polyester blends that have heat-resistant properties.
On the video: how much hardener should be added to the putty.
Epoxy
Epoxy putty for metal is also two-component. It has the following advantages:
- high strength;
- anti-corrosion properties;
- resistance to chemical influences;
- minimal shrinkage after hardening;
- can be applied even in a thick layer;
- high adhesion to any type of coating;
- long period of use;
- the ability to apply over old coating without priming;
- economical cost of the material;
- the drying time of the composition is relatively fast (about 8 hours);
- Easily sanded with tools.
Nitro putties
Nitro putty is a composition based on one component that is immediately ready for use. The material is easy to putty metal parts, but has shrinkage of up to 15%. The mixture is used to seal small scratches and dents. The coating layer is applied at a time no more than 1 mm, so the area is coated a couple of times. Before starting puttying, it is recommended to prime the surface.
In nitro putty, the main volume of the mass is occupied by the special fillers that it contains. Fillers can be neutral powders or fibers that increase volume. The type of composition depends on the filler; it can be:
- Fine grained. Makes the surface smooth and almost without pores.
- Coarse grain. It has high strength, which makes application difficult.
- Powder reinforced (steel or fiberglass). This type is the most durable; even through holes can be sealed with this putty.
- Lightweight. Needed to fill large holes without enlarging the parts being restored.
The texture of nitro putties can be paste-like (applied with a spatula) or liquid, which is applied with a brush.
Pentaphthalic
Pentaphthalic mixtures have a noticeable shrinkage of 3 to 5% and are suitable for removing minor damage. This kind of metal putty must be applied in a very thin layer to avoid cracks. In addition, pentaphthalic putty requires drying at temperature conditions up to +80°С.
In the video: Novol putties - which one to use where.
Before you start puttingtying a metal surface with your own hands, you need to decide on the type of mixture that will be suitable in this case. However, among the variety of putty materials for metal, the most popular is a mixture with an epoxy composition.
After purchase the required material There is a step-by-step process:
- The first step is to prepare the coating well, remove rust and dirt, degrease and prime. If you use an epoxy mixture, you can do without a primer.
- A certain amount of putty that will be needed for the job must be mixed with a hardener. Mix the base thoroughly until homogeneous mass, you can start putting putty.
- Using a thin spatula, apply the mixture to scratches, dents or existing holes in the metal. The excess is carefully removed with the same spatula so that there are no flaws.
- When the putty solution hardens on the plane, it must be sanded with sandpaper soaked in water. The result is a smooth and even surface, ready for powder painting in the desired color.
Metal coating experts recommend the following:
- Before starting the work process, be sure to read the instructions from the manufacturer, first of all, pay attention to the timing of application and the purpose of the putty for a specific coating.
- It is better to prepare the putty mixture in batches so that you have time to use the required volume before it hardens.
- The surface that requires treatment must be clean and free of grease. You can use a universal degreaser for this.
- The hardener and base must be mixed well according to the proportions, otherwise defects may occur during the work process.
- The mixture is applied in thin layers, if there are more than 3 layers, you need to give each layer time to dry. The polyester mixture is dried at a temperature no higher than +75 degrees, otherwise it will crack.
If you need to choose a high-quality putty mixture for working with metal parts, pay attention to its purpose and properties specified by the manufacturer.
Preparing a body part for repair is the most important starting point to achieve best quality on the way out. I hope no one will challenge this axiom?
So where should you start?
Let's take the front wing as an example.
To determine the nature of the damage and draw up the correct work plan, the suspected element should be washed properly. Moreover, after water, you should wipe it with White Spirit and solvent. This action will give us a complete picture of the damage. Please note that a minor fender defect (scratches or small dents) may also result in chips in the paint and other minor defects. And, if you are destined to paint it, then it must be done with all dignity, regardless of the different faces.
So, we have found all the defects - what next? And then we come to the conclusion that we will have to prime the entire element. Hence, the conclusion is that we remove all defects from the surface.
Let's imagine that we have a long scratch on the surface of the wing, forming a shallow dent, and several small scratches and chips.
What to do? – The eternal question of the Russian intelligentsia.
I’ll explain point by point:
1. Matte the entire surface of the wing with P220-240 abrasive. You can use an orbital sander, but where you can’t get anywhere, do it manually. On a matted surface, all dents and small defects seem to appear and become better visible.
2. A scratch with a dent must be sanded so that there are no sharp edges of chipped paint (If there is rust, we remove it to zero). Don't be afraid to erase too much. We sand the scratch and its edges with P120 abrasive (sandpaper). This is a fairly large abrasive grain, and with it better adhesion of the putty to the surface is achieved.
3. Next, sand down small scratches and chips. We expand them along the plane. So that it doesn't happen sharp corners and peeling from the surface.
4. Now, it's time to putty.
If you don’t know yet, then great news for you – putty, there is more than one! It has many varieties. Let's start in order:
2. Putty with aluminum filler (coarse two-component putty - filler, for filling deep dents, as a primary layer). Excellent processing, gives little shrinkage when drying.
3. “Universal” putty - (two-component), coarse enough to remove shallow dents and irregularities, usually yellowish in color.
4. Putty “Finish”, (two-component) usually white, perfectly processed. Apply over rough putty for more precise leveling.
5. One-component putty (completely finishing?) in a tube, for filling micro-scratches and micro-irregularities. I recommend using it for final puttying.
Having cleaned the repair surface with P120 abrasive, we proceed to puttying. Don’t forget to degrease the repair surface first. If there are traces of rust on the repair area, they should be treated with a “rust converter” according to the instructions on the bottle.
Mix the coarse putty with the hardener - mixing thoroughly so that there are no pink streaks (usually pink- hardener) and evenly fill the repair area with a spatula with light pressure. Do not try to do this procedure at once. They applied it and waited 10-15 minutes for the putty to set. Usually, 3-4 batches and lubrications are required to achieve complete filling of the defective area.
The next stage is sanding.
We sand with sandpaper with abrasive grain P120. Carefully, trying not to climb beyond the repair area. (Otherwise there will be extra scratches - do you need it?)
To achieve safety, cover the repair area with masking tape, preferably in two or three layers. For better control, before sanding, I strongly recommend wiping the surface to be treated (dried putty) with black developing powder. It will be easier to control defects (where putties still need to be applied).
I recommend grinding with a special plane; the highest quality finishing is achieved.
When sanding the part, pay attention to abrasions. If metal begins to protrude, then there is no point in rubbing further - you need to add putties (to fill the gap formed between the rubbed areas).
Remember! Putty is much softer than paint (varnish), and even more so metal, so it can be wiped off with sandpaper faster and easier. Therefore, if metal begins to appear on the surface being treated, stop grinding and add another layer of putty.
Having sanded the rough putty and achieved the required result (as they say, “almost done”), you should apply the finishing putty to all suspicious areas being processed (as well as to all places marked with developing powder) and sand it on a plane with P220-240 abrasive. By doing this, you will cut (grind) the larger scratch caused by preliminary grinding with abrasive with P120 grain, and also smoothly sand all the transitions.
Metal putty is a material whose use when performing work with metal surfaces and strictly necessary.
There are several varieties of this composition. The choice of the most suitable one depends on the quality of the work to be done. Some mixtures shrink significantly, others are characterized by rapid drying and increased strength.
When choosing a particular material, you should carefully familiarize yourself with its features in order to avoid the appearance of microcracks on the surface after the composition has completely dried.
Types of compositions
Nitro putties dry instantly All putties intended for working on metal are divided into one- and two-component ones. Modern manufacturers produce many different formulations:
- pentaphthalic;
- nitro putty.
Before purchasing one of those offered by manufacturers, it is worth knowing that there is no need to mix only nitro putty with the hardener. Her main feature- short drying time. It dries almost immediately after it reacts with air. However, after a short time, the entire treated surface may become covered with tiny microcracks.
When choosing putty for metal, you should special attention be given to mixtures consisting of two components.
Mix epoxy mixtures thoroughly One of the most popular is epoxy putty for metal. This is a base and hardener that requires careful mixing to high-quality execution works
Its main advantage is that after preparation required quantity composition, you don’t have to worry that the unused amount of putty will simply become unusable. Hardener and base are stored separately.
Epoxy putty for metal is intended for:
- high-quality filling of cracks and chips;
- creating a reliable base for applying the primer;
- creating an anti-corrosion coating due to the impossibility of moisture penetration into microscopic cracks on the restored surface.
Due to its durability and high degree of resistance to chemical reagents, epoxy putty is used during repair work for car body restoration.
Not only body work is carried out using epoxy putty. It has found wide application in shipbuilding and in the repair of any metal parts and surfaces.
Wear gloves when working The base or filler is the majority of the composition. Dilution and mixing are carried out strictly in accordance with the attached instructions.
Compliance technological process guarantees the creation of a full-fledged high-quality layer with high adhesion.
The layer thickness should be minimal. It ranges from 1 to 2 mm. Curing time is 20-30 minutes, but experienced craftsmen advise continuing manipulations no earlier than 24 hours after puttying.
Work order
Before starting work, it is necessary to remove the rust. To perform, you must have certain skills.
Among the many putties, epoxy is the most popular.
The metal surface must be thoroughly cleaned of all kinds of contaminants, but epoxy putty can be applied without prior priming:
- Having removed rust and dirt, degrease the surface and begin preparing the mixture;
- the required amount of filler is mixed with the hardener;
- Having thoroughly mixed until a homogeneous consistency, proceed to work.
Apply the mixture with a thin spatula Using a special thin spatula, apply the composition to the metal, filling all the cracks, cracks and chips on the surface.
Excess putty is removed with the same spatula so that where the composition is applied there are no depressions or elevations above the main surface.
After complete hardening, begin to treat the putty area with sandpaper, moistening it with water.
The result is a flat and smooth surface that can be primed and, after drying, painted.
Fine-grained mixture fills cracks well Epoxy putties are used to perform repair work:
- fine-grained;
- coarse-grained;
- lightweight;
- reinforced
Each of them has certain positive qualities and is used to carry out body work of a high level of quality. For example, fine-grained perfectly fills the smallest cracks, allows you to create the most even and smooth surface and can be used as a finishing coat before painting.
Large defects on a metal surface can be corrected using a reinforced epoxy compound containing. It is used to remove traces of significant dents, but most often craftsmen use this putty to remove small through holes on the surface of metal parts of the car body.
Lightweight is necessary to correct defects on the surface of various parts. It practically does not change their weight and has a high degree of strength. Epoxy putties are available in the form of pastes or liquid formulations, created for application using a spray gun. For more information on how to apply putty to metal, watch this video:
In contrast, putties with the addition of relatively large metal particles are very difficult to process with sandpaper, although their main positive quality is high level strength and reliability. With their help, the created surfaces acquire a lot of positive qualities, including a long service life.
Metal putty is used when surfaces are damaged: when dents, small cracks or irregularities appear on them. This will make it possible to return the product to its original appearance.
There are many different putties, but not all can be used for metal. The article will tell you what types of putty there are, how to putty metal and the features of its use.
Types and features of putty
When choosing a high-quality putty for a metal surface, it is necessary that it has the following properties:
- Dried quickly.
- Had good adhesion to metal surfaces.
- It had high elasticity even after complete hardening.
- Evenly distributed over the surface.
- It gave minimal shrinkage after metal processing.
- The parts were simply being processed.
- Had good compatibility with varnish or paint coatings that are used in the repair process.
There are several types of putties for applying to metal.
Of these, the most commonly used are:
- Two-component polyester.
- Epoxy putty for metal.
- Nitro putty.
Each of them has its own properties and features of applying it yourself.
Features of two-component polyester putties
Two-component putties are compositions in which a hardener must be introduced into the main polyester mass before using the mixture.
The main features of this coating are:
- No shrinkage.
- Possibility of application to the surface in several layers.
- Good adhesion of the material.
- This is a heat-resistant putty for metal.
Tip: Polyester materials should not be used on materials coated with paint, anti-corrosion primers or plastic materials.
Two-component putties are:
- Finishing or finishing. With their help, a smooth, even surface is provided, cracks, all kinds of pores or dents are perfectly sealed.
- Fine-grained. Such compositions are intended to eliminate minor defects and irregularities. They can be used on pre-coated surfaces.
- Medium and coarse grain– they can fill large holes and large dents. The mixtures are applied directly to metal, fiberglass or previously applied putty.
Polyester putties are produced:
- In the form of reinforced metal powder. Such mixtures are resistant to vibrations; they are used only for solid planes.
- Fiberglass. They are used to seal through holes, large irregularities and fairly deep dents. But such compositions are unstable to mechanical loads and vibrations.
Tip: If you need a heat-resistant putty for metal, you need to get acquainted with polyester mixtures that have such properties.
Features of epoxy putty
Epoxy putty for metal is also two-component.
Its advantages:
- Great strength.
- Has anti-corrosion properties.
- It is resistant to chemical elements.
- Slight shrinkage after drying.
- You can apply a fairly thick layer of material.
- Features high adhesion on all types of surfaces.
- Can be easily processed with abrasive tools.
- Long service life.
- It is possible to use the composition over old putty or paint. In this case, the material does not require preliminary priming; it is enough to thoroughly degrease the surface.
- Low price.
- Relatively fast hardening of the mixture. Approximately 8 hours is enough, and you can begin subsequent surface treatment steps.
Features of nitro putty
Nitro putty is a one-component, completely ready-to-use composition. It is quite simple for puttying metal, but it gives a large shrinkage, up to 15%. This allows it to be used to seal small scratches and irregularities.
At one time, a layer can be applied about 0.1 millimeter of putty, which requires covering the surface with the composition several times. Before puttying the metal, it is advisable to use a primary primer. In such mixtures, the bulk of the mass is created by the special fillers included in it.
These could be:
- Neutral all kinds of fibers or powders that increase the volume of the material. Typically the composition contains metal powders, minerals or fiberglass.
The filler in the material determines its type.
It could be:
- Fine-grained. With its help, a smooth surface is obtained, almost without holes and pores.
- Coarse-grained. It is distinguished by the presence of pores, but at the same time it has greater strength than fine-grained, which makes processing difficult.
- Reinforced with metal powder or fiberglass. This is the most durable material, it can even be used to seal through holes in metal.
- Relieved. Designed to fill a fairly large mass, but the part does not increase in size.
Nitro putties can differ in consistency, they are:
- Pasty. The metal is puttied with a spatula.
- Liquid. To apply them, use a brush or spray.
Advice: When applying putties of any kind, the instructions must be fully followed, otherwise the compositions will not have all the properties they are supposed to have.
The mixtures differ in the drying method.
It could be:
- Natural.
- Heated.
- Drying with infrared radiation.
Before purchasing a putty composition, you need to familiarize yourself with its features and determine what requirements it should meet in a particular case. This article will help you choose the right mix of videos.
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It is a suspension of fillers and pigments in a solution of target additives, organic solvents and epoxy resins.
Designed for leveling surfaces: metal and non-metal. Surfaces can be primed or simply cleaned. Epostat putty can be used as soil under paint and varnish materials.
Epoxy putty is resistant to gasoline, mineral oils, detergents, has high water resistance. Sands well.
Operating temperature ranges from –50 °С to +120 °С.
Dries quickly enough to degree 4: At t +20 °С- per day. At t +65 °С- for 7 o'clock.
Purpose
Epostat-Putty used as an intermediate or first layer in coating systems for products used in aggressive industrial atmospheres and indoors.
It is applied to products and equipment in petrochemical, chemical, oil refining, nuclear, pharmaceutical, food and power plants, in automotive and shipbuilding.
Tara
Container 27kg, 60kg.
Directions for use
Putty should be applied to metal under the following conditions:
- Temperature +5°C and above.
- Relative humidity less than 80%.
Clean unprimed surfaces from grease, oil, dirt, mill scale, rust, old paint. The degree of visual cleanliness should be Sa 2½ according to ISO 8501. A universal degreaser can be used to remove oils OM-01S.
To obtain a working composition, it is necessary to mix two components: the base ( Component A) and hardener ( Component B). The hardener is supplied complete. First, use a low-speed drill with an attachment to stir Component A for two to three minutes. Then pour in the hardener and stir the mixture for at least 10 minutes.
If necessary, add diluents to the composition: R-5A, R-5, R-4. Introduce them only after mixing components A and B!
After mixing, the metal putty should settle 20-30 minutes.
The composition is applied with a spatula or pneumatic sprayer. When spraying, the working viscosity of the material should be 18-20 sec. by viscometer VZ-4.
Viability ready mixture at t (20±2) °С:
- 1.5 hours when applied with a spatula.
- 6 hours when applied by air spray.
Drying time to degree 4: up to 24 hours at t +20 °С or until 7 o'clock at t +65 °С.
The dried layer is sanded. Then another layer of putty or paint and varnish materials can be applied to it.
Pay attention!
The total thickness of the coating is no more than 1000 microns!
Consumption
- Up to 650 g/m² - application with a spatula, layer thickness 350 microns.
- 120-290 g/m² - spray application, layer thickness 60-150 microns.
Precautions
Ensure good ventilation when working indoors. After finishing work, ventilate the room. Use artificial satellites.
Storage
Components A And B putties should be stored in a tightly closed container at a temperature between –30 to +30 °С. Do not heat, protect from direct sun rays and moisture.
If Epostat-Putty was stored in the cold, before use leave it for 24 hours at t (20±2) °С.
Warranty period storage in original packaging - 6 months from the date of manufacture.