Such beautiful flowers as irises are loved and widely cultivated by flower growers and gardeners in various natural and climatic zones of our planet. Varieties of this plant, adapted to the most different conditions, a lot, and on their basis, breeders have created delicious varieties.

This article will tell about the various types of this flower, the features of care and reproduction, as well as what pests and diseases of irises are found.

Who gave him a name?

Famous ancient Greek philosopher and the physician Hippocrates named this flower for the variety of its colors in honor of the goddess Irida. It was she, like the rainbow, that connected heaven and earth, proclaiming to people the will of the gods. In addition, in the ancient Greek language, “iris” meant, first of all, a rainbow, and then in the 18th century, the naturalist Carl Linnaeus, who created a unified system for classifying and naming plants, retained its ancient name for the iris. Before talking about what diseases and pests can affect irises, let's briefly dwell on biological features this plant.

Botanical description

Flowers such as Iris, better known to gardeners as beer or killer whales, belong to the Iris family. As a rule, these are perennial rhizomatous, but there are also corms.

In our strip, rhizomatous representatives of iris are the most common, rather unpretentious in care and moderately water-loving. Iris garden forms a thick rhizome, located shallow underground and quite often protruding from it, with a large number of thin thread-like roots. The flat leaves of this flower are dense and rather rigid, covered with a whitish, waxy, sword-shaped coating. In most species of irises, they grow in fan-shaped tufts. planting and caring for which is carried out in accordance with the characteristics of the plant, bloom from late spring to mid-June.

Flower Features

In all types of irises, flowers are located on a strong and strong peduncle. In most cases, the flowers are solitary, but are also found in small inflorescences. Coloring can be the most diverse - from snow-white to almost black. Today there are varieties whose flowers are painted in two or even more colors. Such an iris flower consists of six, and sometimes three petals, the inner and outer lobes of which differ in shape, size and color.

After flowering, the plant forms a fruit - a ribbed trihedral elongated box, in which there are about 20 large brownish seeds.

What are the types?

Foreign breeders and flower growers subdivide all iris plants grown in gardens into 13 main groups, although some believe that there are about 17. In our country, it is customary to subdivide garden forms of iris (iris) into the following 10 main groups:

• bearded;
• Siberian;
• Japanese;
• remontant;
• arylbreda and aryl;
• spuria;
• Louisiana;
• Evansia;
• plants of the Pacific coast;
• little known.

Such a classification is really needed, but in ordinary life a simpler and more understandable division of all rhizomatous irises into two groups is accepted: bearded and non-bearded. The most common in gardens are large, exquisitely colored representatives of bearded irises. These include many varieties of the so-called German tall bearded irises.

Unlike bearded irises, on the lower petals of which there is a “beard” of contrastingly colored villi, non-bearded irises do not have such an ornament. This group includes the following types of irises:

Siberian (I. sibirica);

Marsh (I. pseudacorus), it is also called false calamus;

Japanese (I. japonica);

Louisiana (I. Louisiana);

Spuria (I. spuria);

Californian (I. californian).

We will try to briefly describe each of these types.

Iris barbata

Iris bearded is the most popular of the entire group of iris. To date, there are about 35,000 of its varieties, and several new ones appear every year.

This flower got its name because of the delicate villi located on the lower petals. In many varieties, the color of the "beard" contrasts with the main color of the flower, consisting of six petals. By height, the bearded iris is divided into three groups:

1. High - more than 0.7 meters;
2. Medium-sized - from 0.4 to 0.7 m;
3. Low, the height of which does not exceed 40 cm.

Coloring of flowers happens both monophonic, and combined. The group of bearded irises includes

Siberian iris

In contrast to the hardy and unpretentious species Siberian iris, the varieties bred on its basis have a higher need for heat and light. Plants of this group can grow up to 1 meter in height. Their leaves are narrower than those of the bearded ones, and have a lighter color. Varietal representatives come in various colors and bloom in late spring. You can choose varieties so that flowering will continue until the end of July. Diseases of cultivated and varietal irises are not terrible for him, and he is rarely affected by pests.

False calamus (marsh) iris

It opens its golden yellow, with small brown "strokes" flowers in late May - early June. This type of iris grows well in shallow, up to 40 cm, reservoirs, as well as on their borders. Grows well in both sun and partial shade.

In the middle lane, such types of irises as Californian, Louisiana, Japanese and spuria are rare, since there are few varieties adapted to our conditions, and they are, due to their rarity, not cheap.

Iris flowers: planting and care

When buying irises, you need to clarify what type you are getting, as this affects the choice of a landing site. Most modern varieties of both bearded and non-bearded irises prefer sunny, warm, wind-sheltered places. However, species such as marsh, smooth and bristly are smooth and marsh irises, as well as varieties derived from them, it is recommended to plant in the shallow water of artificial reservoirs, and bristle - on flooded banks or in wet lowlands.

Other types of irises are planted under conditions middle lane spring or autumn, and the most favorable period is the end of summer - the first weeks of autumn. Before planting the rhizomes of these flowers, the soil must be dug to a depth of 20 - 30 cm, and phosphorus-potassium and nitrogen-containing fertilizers and humus must be applied. After the irises were planted, care for open ground behind them is regular watering and fertilizing, removing weeds as needed.

It is necessary to plant these plants every three to five years, since separate fragments rhizomes as they grow are forced to the surface. Because of this, the feeding area decreases and they stop blooming. It can also lead to the development of iris disease.

How to propagate?

These perennials can be propagated both by seeds and vegetatively. The seed method is used in breeding work and the plants obtained in this way bloom in 2-3 years.

More simple and affordable way Iris breeding - vegetative, in which the rhizome of the mother plant is divided, and then the resulting plots are planted in the soil. It is best to transplant and divide this perennial two to three weeks after the end of flowering. Plots are planted superficially and slightly obliquely - so that the top of the rhizome is above the ground. Too deep planting can provoke the development of the disease of irises flowers and even cause their death. Plants obtained in this way bloom in the first year after planting.

Signs of diseases and measures to combat them

Most of the plants in this group are quite resistant to diseases, but with adverse weather factors and various damage to the rhizome, the following iris diseases may occur:

1. Heterosporiasis (Septoria), which manifests itself in the form of yellow spots of various sizes, randomly located on the entire surface of the leaf plate. With the further development of the disease, the spots become brown and merge into one. The plant looks weak, blooms poorly, and the leaves dry up. Heterosporiosis develops with a lack of calcium and phosphorus in the soil. Also, its development can be caused by prolonged rainy weather and the accompanying high humidity. From this disease of iris flowers in the early stages, spraying plants with a 0.4% solution or 0.3% helps
2. Bacteriosis (wet rot)- the most dangerous disease, as it develops quite quickly. The first "symptoms" of this disease are drying and yellowing of the leaves. Then the base of the "fan", and then the rhizome is affected by rot with a characteristic bad smell. The cause of bacteriosis may be improper planting - excessive deepening or too dark and waterlogged place. At the first sign of damage to this disease, you need to dig up the plant and remove the affected part of the rhizome. Treat the site of the "operation" with potassium permanganate, and then with any growth stimulant. After that, the rhizome is well dried, and then planted separately from the rest of the plants in dry soil, trying not to deepen.
3. Fusarium. With this disease, the iris continues to grow and even blooms, but the leaves first turn yellow and then turn brown. To prevent the development of this disease, before planting, we disinfect the rhizome in a 0.2% solution of foundationazole for half an hour. If it's hit flowering plant, then under the rhizome we pour the same solution of foundationazole.
4. leaf spot may appear due to bad weather conditions. The first signs are spots of different colors and sizes on the leaves. Noticing them, immediately spray the diseased plant with a 0.3% solution of copper oxychloride or 1% Bordeaux mixture.

flower pests

Diseases and pests can affect irises. Insects include:

• Medvedka, with pleasure gnawing rhizomes. To combat it, you can use special bait granules by digging them into the ground around the plantings of irises.
• Kasatikovy (winter) scoop. Caterpillars of this insect feed on the rhizome, and adults gnaw out the bases of peduncles. Such an attack contributes to the development of bacteriosis of irises. During the period of active growth of flowers, it is necessary to spray them with an infusion of wormwood: in 10 liters of boiling water lay a glass of wood ash, a tablespoon of any liquid soap and 300 g of grass. The container with the solution is closed and left to infuse for 5-6 hours. Immediately after that, use for spraying. You can also use various biological products sold in specialized stores.
• iris flower girl, outwardly resembling the most common fly, spends the winter in the ground, but in the spring it crawls out and lays its eggs in buds. This is how irises are affected. Diseases of the buds and their death occur due to the larva inside and actively feeding. The affected bud rots and, of course, does not bloom. Experts recommend that the plants be treated when leaves appear, as well as at the beginning of the budding stage with special insecticides. Affected buds should be cut off and destroyed immediately.

In addition to the above pests, irises can be affected by slugs, May beetles, wireworms, various types of thrips and nematodes.

Anyone who grows irises in their garden wants to see them bloom healthy and luxuriantly, but this wonderful flower, like any plant, can get sick or be attacked by pests. In general, irises are quite resistant to diseases and unpretentious to growing conditions, but new breeding species cannot boast of this.

Signs of iris diseases and causes

Diseases of irises manifest themselves in different ways, experienced gardener should be able to determine the cause by the first signs in order to start treating the plant as soon as possible.

Not blooming after transplant

Transplanting can cause the lack of flowering in irises. If, in the case of deep planting, the root collar does not receive sunlight, the iris will not die, but it will not bloom.

Decorative irises do not bloom due to the lack of sufficient sunlight. Such bushes may well grow and develop in shady areas, however, in such conditions there will be no color.

Growing irises

Additional Information. Excessive crowding and crowding can also serve as an excuse for irises not to release a flowering shoot - this is why cockerels need to be planted every few years so as not to wonder in the spring why the irises did not bloom this year.

If the roots were damaged during transplantation (separation) of irises, the plant will absorb water worse, which will affect the development of new shoots. All these factors interfere with the normal flowering of irises-irises.

Insect pests can also be the reason why irises do not bloom, only leaves remain intact. Scoops, bears, slugs and May beetles harm the most.

Siberian and bearded irises do not bloom

These types of garden irises are very popular due to their interesting color and lush bloom. However, flower growers often wonder why it does not bloom lush bush bearded iris, and how to fix it? The case may be in unsuitable soils for these types of cockerels: Siberian iris dies on alkaline soils, and bearded iris on acidic ones. In addition, flowering is disturbed as a result of damage to the buds by one of the main pests of these species - the iris fly.

Siberian irises

Leaves turn yellow and deteriorate

Several iris diseases have been identified, which serve as an answer to the question of why the leaves of irises turn yellow and deteriorate.

An experienced florist with such symptoms will suspect:

• bacterial rot or bacteriosis;
• soft or weeping rot;
• fusarium or fusarium rot;
• mosaic virus disease, which is carried by aphids.

The distribution of putrefactive lesions among iris beds is facilitated by the accuracy of plantings and prolonged wet weather. Fusarium rot begins to spoil the plant from the roots and rises to the leaves, which turn yellow and die as a result.

Iris leaves turn yellow and deteriorate

Leaves dry

If the foliage of cockerels begins to dry en masse, this may mean the defeat of diseases such as:

• rhizoctoniosis caused by the fungus Rhizoctonia solani, under its influence during the rainy period, the leaves of irises gradually change color and dry out;
• fungal rust - the leaves begin to dry out around focal lesions-pustules, later the fungus captures the entire plant.

Spots on the leaves

Any spot on iris leaves indicates possible flower diseases:

Spots on the leaves

Common diseases

Despite the general resistance, irises still suffer from diseases caused by bacteria, fungi and viruses.

Most often, bettas are affected by root rot, another name is “bacteriosis”, since it is caused by bacteria. Diseased flowers do not grow, the foliage becomes brown and dry. The rhizome is destroyed from the inside, which leads to the death of the plant. Contributes to the development of bacteriosis hypothermia of the roots, deficiency of phosphorus-calcium compounds, as well as infected manure or soil.

Fungal fusarium is manifested in the rotting of the roots of the flower. As a result of the defeat, the roots, leaves and peduncles of the plant dry out. Most often, irises become infected with fusarium when the roots are separated, when infected soil falls on them.

Fusarium fungus

Fungi are also to blame for the development of heterosporiosis (leaf spotting) in flowers, the outermost leaves from the fan are covered with white spots with a watery border, and as they develop, black dots of spores appear on them. The disease also captures the inner foliage, after which it dries. It is necessary to fight heterosporiosis, first of all, by removing dry leaves.

On a note! Ascochitosis on iris leaves is caused by a fungus - ascochita. The disease is manifested by the appearance of brown spots and black dots.

Septoria is also a fungal disease, septoria mushrooms are “guilty” of it. They cause pale gray small round spots.

Mushrooms of the genus Ramularia provoke the disease ramulariasis: small black spots of necrosis with a yellow spore coating.

Rust on iris

Mosaic disease is caused by viruses and appears as a yellow, mosaic-like mesh pattern. Affected flowers stop growing, flower stalks do not fully develop. It is impossible to treat such plants - they die.

How to treat irises

In addition to diseases of irises, you need to know how to deal with them. Unfortunately, viral lesions are not treated - such irises must be destroyed.

Diseases caused by fungi are cured with broad-spectrum fungicides, such as Pennkozeb. You can also treat diseased flowers with zinc-containing compounds (copper-containing ones are also suitable) or colloidal sulfur in the form of a suspension.

Heterosporiosis in irises involves treatment with sulfuric and copper colloidal solutions, which are processed by the plants themselves.

It is also necessary to spray the soil next to the flower beds with such compounds that have a powerful healing effect:

• Bordeaux mixture one percent;
• copper oxychloride;
• chemical composition "Oxyhom";
• colloidal sulfur and a solution of laundry soap in the form of suspensions.

Preparations for the treatment of irises

Sulfur suspension can be prepared independently: 0.3 kg of laundry soap is dissolved in one liter of pure water, 50 to 80 g of colloidal sulfur are added and brought to a homogeneous state. After that, the suspension should be diluted with another 9 liters of water, mixed and drained.

Note! Such a drug will be effective at a mixture temperature of more than +20 degrees.

Ways to deal with the iris fly

A fly resembling an ordinary one, only with a gray-black spotted color, is the main pest of iris beds. She and her larvae penetrate the flower buds and feed on its petals.

You can’t get rid of the iris fly by simple digging. They come to help chemicals control, which should be applied as soon as the peduncle grows out of the rhizome. You can also cultivate the soil under the flowers.

• "Aktara",
• "Aktellik",
• "Bi-58",
• "Decis".

It is very important to observe the timing of spraying, otherwise the flowering of flower beds can not wait.

Important! It is also necessary to eliminate (burn) all flowers in the buds of which fly larvae are found. Since the insect pest moves easily, it is necessary to agree with neighbors on joint simultaneous treatment from the iris fly.

From folk remedies, you can try to spray the affected bushes with wood ash, tobacco dust, mustard, infusion of bitter herbs before the release of flower arrows, soapy water on alcohol.

Other pests of irises - thrips, are destroyed by digging the soil, weeding, abundant watering during the dry period and sanitary pruning of foliage after flowering is completed in autumn.

Three times spraying with forsororganic agents will also help:

• "Mospilan",
• "Regent",
• "Vertimek",
• "Marshal"
• Aktofit.

An emulsion of karbofos or a mixture will help against aphids and bears soda ash with soap.

Preventive measures

Prevention of diseases of irises consists in observing the rules of planting: the place must be well drained, ventilated and insolated. Soil - with a sufficient content of calcium-phosphorus compounds and the necessary level of acidity. Before planting, the roots of the flowers must be pickled and the affected areas removed, and the contaminated soil must be disinfected.

Important! When fertilizing, it is forbidden to use fresh manure. Landings should be periodically thinned out and mulched in the fall. When watering, moisture stagnation should be avoided.

One of the effective preventive measures is spraying with copper-containing preparations. Viroses are prevented by decontamination of instruments and quarantine.

Prevention of bacteriosis includes spraying flowers with antibiotics (but they should not be abused).

Irises are the decoration of suburban areas, but they can be affected by fungal, bacterial, viral and other diseases. Experienced flower growers should know the signs of disease in order to determine, for example, why their favorite iris did not bloom, or the leaves of irises turn yellow and deteriorate, what should be done. At proper care and timely treatment, irises will again delight with lush flowering.

Iris is a very common flower on the planet. It grows well in any climatic and natural zones. To date, breeders have bred many varieties that amaze with their beauty during flowering. The popularity of this flower is due to the ease of breeding and unpretentiousness. But this does not mean that they do not need special care. If you break the rules, then gardeners will have to face dire consequences. Pests and diseases of irises will destroy a beautiful flower garden. Their treatment (see photos of affected plants below) is much more difficult to implement than regular preventive measures.

In this article, everyone can get acquainted with the most common diseases of these flowers and pests.

Iris family: a brief description

Before telling what dangers flower growers involved in the cultivation of irises may face, it is necessary to briefly describe the features of this plant. There are currently many different varieties iris families, which are optimally adapted to certain climatic conditions. Many of them are rhizomatous. They are perennial, so even the lack of snow cover in winter period combined with fairly low temperatures can destroy the plant. Another variety is also found - bulbous varieties. Gardeners living in Russia prefer rhizomatous representatives. They grow well in our climatic latitudes with moderate humidity conditions.

The root system of these flowers is well developed. Most often, it is located shallow in the ground, and sometimes even protrudes. It consists of a rather thick rhizome, from which filiform thin processes extend. During flowering, irises throw out large flowers. Depending on the variety, they can be single or consist of several inflorescences located on a strong peduncle. The range of the palette is so diverse (from white to black) that it is simply not possible to describe everything. Iris inflorescences are both monophonic and multi-colored, consisting of two or more shades. The flowering period occurs at the end of spring and lasts until about mid-June.

The leaves of the iris family are hard and dense. In shape, they are elongated and flat, covered with a waxy coating with a whitish tint.

Iris flowers: diseases

Each gardener must take into account the specifics of the region when growing irises. Depending on the climate, plants are exposed to certain diseases. For example, the northwestern part of Russia is characterized by high humidity, so local irises often begin to rot rhizomes, which is why bacteriosis develops. Rust is a common problem in the Southwest. Read more about these and other diseases in more detail below. In order for the reader to better understand how the affected areas look, a photo will be added to the article.

Diseases of irises and the fight against them directly depend on the characteristics of weather and climatic conditions!

Also, do not exclude pests that can destroy the flower. For example, florists in southern regions persistent problems delivers a bear. Aphids and slugs, unfortunately, are no less harmful to the flower, so it is important to understand that timely preventive measures will help to avoid various diseases.

bacteriosis

Irises are rather unpretentious flowers, they are resistant to diseases. However, if the rules of care are violated, even these plants become defenseless from various kinds of influences. The most common problem is root rot. Such a disease of irises (see photo of tubers below) is called bacteriosis. It is quite dangerous and can lead to the death of the flower.

The causative agent of this disease is Erwinia carotovora. The bacterium actively develops at high humidity, therefore, in no case should the soil be oversaturated with water. It directly affects the rhizome of the plant and causes them to rot. Also, do not oversaturate the earth with organic matter and thin out the flowers in time.

What are the signs of bacteriosis?

• In a healthy flower, the rhizomes are quite hard. In a diseased plant, they become soft.
• The process of decay is accompanied by a strong unpleasant odor.
• The leaves turn yellow, and then completely disappear.

If the rhizomes are badly damaged, then the flower will not be cured. Considering that bacteriosis develops quite quickly at a temperature of +13 ... +17 ° С, the damage that diseases and pests cause to irises is already irreparable. The only thing that can be done is to separate the still healthy plants from the diseased ones. The latter will need to be burned. If the soil is severely affected, then it is recommended that flowers that are not infected with bacteriosis be transplanted to another soil.

Prevention and treatment of bacteriosis

As soon as the snow cover begins to melt, it is already necessary to take measures in order to exclude all possible diseases of irises. Fighting them will be much more difficult than prevention. First of all, you need to take care of the outflow of melt water. This is especially true if there is no natural slope in the flower bed.

If during the winter there was little snow, and the air temperature is very low, then it is recommended to protect the rhizomes from freezing. It is important to understand that bacteriosis will primarily affect those flowers whose roots have been damaged by frost. To avoid this situation, you just need to wrap them up.

At the initial stage of the disease, only a certain part of the rhizome is affected by bacteria. In this case, it can be removed, and the cut point can be treated with ash. Such measures can be carried out before flowering.

When transplanting iris, it is recommended to treat the roots with a solution of potassium permanganate. To do this, they are soaked for 15-20 minutes. It also does not hurt to treat the foliage with urea diluted with sulfur (12%).

Fusarium

In addition to bacteriosis, there are other diseases of irises, and their treatment is not always possible. Enough dangerous disease is fusarium. This gray rot affects not only the roots, but even the leaves. A diseased plant is covered with a gray coating, which provokes the process of decay. The main reason for its occurrence is an excess of nitrogen in the soil. This situation can be caused by improper use of mineral fertilizers, that is, an excess of dosage.

Infected tubers are carriers of Fusarium. If you transplant them to another place, then the fungus, getting into the soil, will begin to multiply, which can lead to infection of everything. land plot. The most favorable conditions for it are air temperature + 12 ... + 17 ° С and an excess of moisture in the soil.

The first sign of Fusarium development is the presence of gray spots on the rhizome. It becomes quite loose.

In order to avoid the development of this disease, it is recommended to carefully and regularly handle garden tools, choose a place on a hill for a flower bed, and be sure to treat the roots with a solution of copper sulfate with the addition of 5% bicarbonate of soda.

wet rot

Diseases of irises and their treatment in practice are quite complex. Most often this leads to the death of the plant. Sometimes diseases affect other flowers. This is what wet rot is. In the process of reproduction of bacteria, not only the rhizomes, but also the leaves suffer. As for the latter, they first change color (become brown), and then dry out. Affected roots look no different, but their insides become powdery. This disease is dangerous not only for irises, but also for tulips, gladioli, hyacinths.

The cause of soft rot bacteria is manure. Many gardeners use it as fertilizer. In order to avoid infection, you will need to treat the flowers before planting with a solution of potassium permanganate. The recommended dosage is half a teaspoon of this product per 500 ml of water. The rhizomes are soaked for 30 minutes.

Botrytis

Fungal diseases of irises are dangerous not only for themselves, but also for neighboring plants. For example, botrytis. The causative agents of this disease are Sclerotium rolfsii and Botrytis convoluta. These fungi develop directly in the rhizome if the conditions for their storage have been violated. The most common causes are poor ventilation and high humidity. To prevent this disease, it is recommended to treat the rhizomes with a solution of fungicides of the triazole class.

Rust

Irises also suffer from rust. This is no less insidious disease. Fungus pathogen - Puccinia iridis. Rapidly develops at a temperature of +12 °C. In a diseased plant, the leaves begin to deteriorate. Pustules dark or yellowish-brown are formed on them. Gradually, tissues begin to die, which leads to the drying of the sheet. Stems may also be affected. The fungus is able to persist in the soil for a long time.

heterosporiosis

Consider another disease caused by the fungi Mycosphaerella macrospora and Heterosporium iridis. We are talking about heterosporiosis. The affected area is the leaves. Gray-white spots appear on their surface. They have a characteristic yellow border. Tall and old leaves are most susceptible to infection. From a small spot, the fungus can grow to the entire bush. These can be the consequences (below, see an example with a photo).

Diseases of bearded irises and other varieties, of course, are easier to prevent than to cure a flower later. First of all, it is recommended not to overdo it with potassium and phosphate fertilizers. Also, in order to prevent heterosporiosis, you can spray the bushes with fungicides. If, nevertheless, the disease has already appeared, then the diseased leaves are cut off and must be burned, and the bushes are treated with a solution at least once a week.

Leaf mosaic

Continuing to study the diseases of irises, it is worth talking about viral ones. These include the so-called sheet mosaic. This disease manifests itself in the form of yellowed leaves, which soon dry out. In order to detect the virus in time, you will need to pay attention to the flower. As a rule, in a diseased plant, the color changes greatly, for example, from light ones they can become dark matte. There is also a characteristic spotting.

Treatment of a flower affected by a virus is carried out by spraying with a solution of "Ridomil Gold" and copper oxychloride. Leaves are cut and burned. Whole garden tools subject to disinfection.

thrips

Irises suffer not only from fungus and viruses. Diseases and pests (photo - a vivid example of this) are striking root system, stems and leaves. There are many dangerous insects that can harm a flower. These include thrips. Their favorite place is the leaf axils. They feed on cell sap. As their number increases, the leaves of the flower become brown, later dry completely. Spots appear on the roots.

Pests: bronze beetle and nematodes

Bronze beetles appear in flowerbeds in late spring. They are quite large - about 2 cm. They have a characteristic green tint. You can protect irises from them with Kinmiksom. Diluted as follows: in one liter of water 2.5 g of the drug. In order to prevent these beetles, you can use an ash solution.

Iris diseases are also caused by nematodes. These worms feed on cell sap. They do not die even in severe frost. The leaf at the puncture site first begins to turn brown, then dies off. There are several ways to infect the soil with nematodes:

• through weeds and inventory;
• through rain water.

Medvedki and owls

Medvedki can deliver a lot of trouble to gardeners. They live in the soil. Moving, their powerful jaws damage the roots and stems of plants. Bait must be used to control these pests. A mixture consisting of karbofos, grain and oil is added dropwise to the ground.

Scoops also do a lot of harm. These caterpillars, getting into the stem, eat everything from the inside. A large concentration of them can be found in wet areas of the soil. For prevention purposes, it is recommended to prevent weeds from overgrowing flower beds, and also regularly loosen the ground between rows. This should be done especially carefully during the laying of eggs. It is very good to use Bordeaux liquid for iris disease caused by butterfly caterpillars. A solution is made from milk of lime and copper sulphate. You can spray plants only before the start of the flowering period. This will help avoid pest problems. However, if the moment has already been missed, then it is recommended to process irises with hellebore Lobel.

heterosporiosis , or leaf spot, the causative agent is a fungus Heterosporium gracile.

Signs of the disease. Oblong grayish-brown spots with a darker border appear on the leaves. With a strong development of the disease, the leaves dry out. The disease does not spread to the rhizome.
Control measures. Destroy plant debris and dried leaves. Apply spraying with cuproxate. Plants are treated with copper-containing preparations, for example, a suspension of copper oxide (0.3%) or Bordeaux liquid with the addition of adhesives. Bordeaux liquid (1-1.5% solution) can be prepared independently: 100 g of copper sulfate and 75 g of slaked lime per 10 liters of water. The soil around the plants is also shed with a solution of copper-containing preparations. Fungicide sprays are also effective. It must be remembered that you need to use only those drugs that have received permission for use in personal subsidiary plots. Combined treatment combines protection against heterosporiosis and harmful insects.
Prevention. To increase the resistance of irises to this disease, spring spraying leaves with a solution of calcium chloride or calcium nitrate. Calcium helps to increase the strength of cell membranes, and thus, plants become less susceptible to diseases.
To protect against leaf spots progressing in conditions rainy weather, drugs of a new group of strobilurins (synthetic analogues of the waste products of some fungi), such as strobes, are very effective, the peculiarity of which is that they are not washed off by rain for a long period of up to two weeks. However, strobilurins should not be used more than twice per season, they should be alternated with contact preparations, such as copper oxychloride. Strobilurins, like contact fungicides have only a protective effect. They do not destroy pathogens, so they must be applied before the spread of diseases.

Rust , the causative agent is a fungus Puccinia iridis.
Signs of the disease. In late summer - early autumn, brown stripes appear on the leaves, which, when touched, leave rusty dust on the finger. Affected leaves dry out prematurely.
Control measures. Large plant residues are destroyed, small ones are embedded in the soil during its cultivation or areas are mulched with peat, humus or sand with a layer of 2-3 cm. At this place, irises can be planted no earlier than after 3 years. Spraying with copper oxychloride, cuproxate (1%), colloidal sulfur with adhesives is used.
Prevention. Plant resistance to rust is increased by phosphorus-potassium fertilizing. The disease can be prevented by spraying the plants with Bordeaux liquid in the middle of summer.

Wet , or bacterial, rot, bacteriosis ; pathogens - bacteria Pectobacterium carotovorum, Erwinia aroidea, Pseudomonas iridis. This disease affects bearded irises and especially often develops when growing plants in conditions high humidity, on heavy soils, with deep planting of plants and with freezing of rhizomes.

Photo by L. Treivas from the magazine "In the world of plants" - 2002 - No. 6

Signs of the disease. The leaves turn pale, and then dry up and turn brown. The leaf fan leans and then falls to the ground. The rhizomes and bases of the leaves darken, decompose, turning into a mushy, unpleasantly smelling mass. Plants die.
Control measures. The plant is dug up, its aerial part is destroyed, the soil around is loosened and treated with a solution of a permitted fungicide. The rhizomes are cleaned to a healthy tissue, the sections are washed with a strong solution of potassium permanganate and covered with Novikov's liquid (brilliant green with glue) or sprinkled with crushed charcoal or ground sulfur. The causative agent of rot dies in direct sunlight, so the cut can be dried in the sun. Plants are transplanted to another site. When transplanting, the rhizomes are washed in a solution of formalin (1:300) or chinosol (0.2%). effective method the fight against wet rot is also soaking the rhizomes in a 0.01% solution (1 tablet per 1 liter of water) of the tetracycline antibiotic for about 1 hour. The rhizomes must first be dried in the sun - then they absorb better medicinal product. Prevention. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of this disease by observing the rules of agricultural technology for irises. The main thing is not to overmoisten the planting of irises and make required amount phosphate and potash fertilizers. As a preventive measure, you can also spray green foliage in spring with a solution of urea with the addition of sulfur (12%), permitted fungicides or a solution of sodium thiosulfate (neutral photographic fixer), which decomposes in the soil to form sulfur.
preventive measure, effective in years with wet summers, are watering the soil with solutions of antibiotics: tetracycline or streptomycin sulfate (agrimycin), which are prepared by diluting 30 g of the antibiotic in 10 liters of water. 60 liters of solution are poured per 1 m2 if the soil is coarse-grained, and 80 liters if the soil is fine-grained. Watering is carried out every 10 days.

gray rot, botrytis ; causative agent - fungus Botrytis cinerea. The disease is caused by two types of fungus. The first affects the stems and ends of the leaves at high humidity. The second type of fungus causes dry rot of rhizomes. The disease develops in conditions of high humidity, with an excess of nitrogen in the soil, with freezing of rhizomes and the presence mechanical damage.

affected plant

Photo by L. Treivas from the magazine "In the world of plants" - 2002 - No. 6

Signs of the disease. The peduncles and ends of the leaves become discolored, and then turn brown, rot, become covered with a smoky-gray bloom of the fungus. Black folded heaps are formed on the affected rhizomes, consisting of sclerotia of the fungus. Rot can also spread to the base of the leaves, where a gray coating of fungal spores forms.
For prevention gray mold irises are recommended to be planted in well-drained, ventilated sunny areas. Do not allow a lack of phosphorus and calcium in the soil. Severely affected specimens are discarded. When symptoms of the disease appear, the plants are sprayed with fungicides. When planting, the rhizomes are pickled, the affected areas are removed. It is necessary to carry out disinfection of contaminated soils.

Scorch , causative agent - presumably mycoplasma.
Signs of the disease. The leaves turn brown in the middle of the growing season, their ends, drying up, bend, the roots die off, the rhizome hardens and dries out.
Control measures. Plants are usually dug up and destroyed, and the soil is treated with lime or formalin.
Prevention. Sometimes the affected bushes are restored in the second or third year from dormant buds, but the main preventive measure for this disease is the early division (cutting) of the bushes into several unrelated parts. A transplant is not required. Scorch is not transmitted to neighboring, already isolated plants.

Ascochitosis leaves causes a fungus of the genus Ascohita. The spots are brown, without bordering, with numerous black dotted pycnidia.

Septoria leaves causes a fungus of the genus Septoria. The spots on the leaves are pale gray, with a brown border, small, rounded. Black pycnidia appear on the surface over time.

Ramulariasis leaves causes a fungus of the genus Ramularia. The disease is manifested by brown or even black small, rounded spots, which turn pale in the center over time. On necrotic spots, a weak yellowish coating of mycelium appears.

Mosaic - viral disease. On the leaves, a pattern is formed in the form of a grid or yellow stripes, resembling a mosaic. Plant growth slows down, shortened peduncles are formed, flowers are underdeveloped. Flower petals become variegated. The disease is spread by aphids.

Photo from the Floriculture magazine - 2001 - No. 3

If irises are affected by viruses, it is impossible to cure them. Only preventive measures are taken. good care helps to mask the symptoms of the disease, but the plants will be a source of infection for healthy ones. Timely culling of diseased specimens is necessary, as well as the fight against insects - vectors of viruses (aphids). In the photo on the left, there is a hatched mosaic on iris leaves.

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Signs: these larvae of click beetles eat out moves in the rhizomes of flowers for themselves, thereby increasing the risk of them being affected by various diseases.

bacteriosis

Signs: the leaves become yellowish, and then acquire a brownish tint.

Iris pests and their control

• Diseases of irises and the fight against them photo
• You can destroy them using baits. To do this, boil 1 kg of grain, add 30 g of oil and 50 g of karbofos to it and mix well. It is enough to dig this mixture 5 cm into the ground or push it into their minks.
• Large green beetles, reaching a length of 2 cm, are popularly called bronzes. They are active from the end of May and fly in the gardens in search of pollen, not disdaining also the delicate flowers of irises. Diseases and pests of irises and their treatment is something that a grower needs to have special knowledge about. With the invasion of bronzes, the treatment of flowers begins with spraying the plants with Kinmiksom at the rate of 2.5 g per 1 liter of water.

Irises are often affected by fungal diseases. For example, botrytis is caused by two fungi at once - Botrytis convoluta and Sclerotium rolfsii. They can develop with improper storage of rhizomes in conditions of high humidity and poor ventilation.

In the event that the bacteriosis has not completely damaged the root, only the areas affected by the bacteria are cut out, and the places of the cuts are smeared with brilliant green or ash is rubbed into them. This work is carried out before flowering.

Treatment, prevention of bacteriosis

Growers who are not careful and do not carry out disease prevention end up with diseased plants, low yields and contaminated soil. If you spray seedlings, flowers, shrubs and trees every 2-3 weeks, this will save the site from big trouble - diseases and pests.

Control measures: we carry out deep winter digging of the soil. We spray the bushes with infusions of red hot pepper (steam 100 g of crushed pods with 1 liter of boiling water, cook the infusion for 1 hour, insist it for two days). We also pollinate the irises with Pyrethrum (we leave 200 g / bucket of water for 10 - 12 hours and spray the plant with a solution).

Signs: bearded and Siberian varieties are most often affected. The disease progresses rapidly in hot weather. Insects gnaw out the bases of peduncles. Caterpillars of these pests also gnaw on rhizomes. Due to such insects, the risk of plant damage by bacterial rot increases.

wet rot

Control measures: add 0.2% Fundazol under the rhizomes of irises. Before planting young plants, we disinfect the rhizomes in this solution for 0.5 hours.

- In India, iris rhizomes are used as an astringent, laxative and diuretic, in European countries - as a diaphoretic, expectorant and laxative, give to chew to children when they are teething. Harvest rhizomes in the second year after planting, in August. Wash and dry in special dryers.

Fusarium

This dark green or brown insect tastes not only bearded irises. Aphids settle with pleasure on buds, shoots and deciduous parts of asters, gladiolus, dahlias and other inhabitants of flower beds. As a result, their stem is deformed, the leaves begin to curl and lose color.

Each garden will be decorated with beautiful irises of the disease and the treatment of which, along with preventive treatments, must be carried out in a timely and regular manner. Fungal viruses are another problem faced by both beginners and experienced growers. With alternariosis, a black coating appears on the edges of the leaves.

Wireworms are the larvae of the click beetle that live in the root zone of flowers. Irises, diseases and pests, whose treatment and prevention often depend on the quality of digging and loosening the soil, can avoid many "health" problems if the gardener puts in enough effort. To get rid of the wireworm, it is recommended to add anhydrous ammonia to the soil and regularly destroy weeds.

If there are not very many beetles, they can be collected by hand, and the flowers can be sprayed with an ash solution for prevention.

If such planting material is planted, then when it rains, the fungi begin to multiply intensively, destroying the plant completely and affecting neighboring crops.

heterosporiosis

Also, for preventive purposes, the foliage should be sprayed with a solution of urea mixed with 12% sulfur. During the transplantation of young rhizomes, it is recommended to hold them in a solution of potassium permanganate for 15-20 minutes for disinfection.

Diseases and pests of irises and their treatment is also a matter of properly carried out prevention or its absence.

Botrytis and rust

Control measures: at the beginning of the period of active growth, we process the flowers twice with 10% karbofos. The interval between sprayings is 7 days.​

2. Spotting

Iris essential oil is used not only in perfumery, but also in aromatherapy. The magical aroma of iris oil gives the soul harmony, a sense of comfort, security and is recommended for people with a vulnerable and unstable psyche. It is indicated for inflammation of the respiratory tract, cough, depressed immunity, infections of various nature. Creams with iris oil have a regenerating effect, give the skin a velvety texture and a bewitching aroma. AT traditional medicine different kinds iris is used for sore throats, pneumonia, edema, for the treatment of infected wounds, ulcers, fistulas, freckles. Alcohol-water extract from iris rhizomes actively inhibits the development of tubercle bacillus. Iris rhizomes are part of tooth powders, plasters, breast collection, used internally in the form of a decoction, and externally - in the form of powders.

Leaf mosaic

Among the main methods of dealing with aphids are:

Over time, such leaves completely dry out and fall off the stem. If infected plants are not removed, the infection may remain in the soil until the next season in the form of spores. Systematic spraying of the beds with a Bordeaux mixture will help get rid of such a scourge.

There are over 800 species of irises in the world. Despite the fact that these ornamental plants are considered quite unpretentious to growing conditions, they, like others horticultural crops, can attack various pests and infect bacterial, fungal or viral diseases. Let's try to sort out in order with all the possible dangers for irises and the most effective measures to prevent and combat them.

During the blooming period, many insects are activated, which do not bypass irises. Pests and diseases during flowering plants destroy not only the roots and leaves, but also the flowers. For example, aphids accumulate in buds and “suck” life out of plants, feeding on their juices.

Thrips, nematodes and bronze beetle

For prevention, dividers should be stored in right conditions and pickle them with a solution of fungicides of the triazole class.

Diseases and pests of irises and their control are quite complex issues. They concern not only the rhizome, but also the leaves. The presence of a disease such as wet rot can be noticed when the leaves of the plant begin to turn brown and dry. At the same time, the roots of the iris become powdery from the inside, which is not noticeable from the outside.

Despite the relative resistance to diseases, iris flowers, whose diseases and pests are very dangerous due to the peculiarity of plant reproduction, can still become infected. The most serious and dangerous disease for these flowers is bacteriosis.

Signs: the larvae of this pest gnaw rhizomes, which inhibits the growth and development of flowers.

2. Medvedka

Signs: spots of various shades appear on the leaves and stems of the iris.

1 tsp powder of iris rhizomes, pour 300 g of boiling water, cook over low heat under the lid for 5 minutes, leave warm for 2 hours, strain. With the resulting decoction, gargle with sore throat, mouth with stomatitis, wash non-healing wounds and trophic ulcers, rub into freckles. Inside - 1/2 cup warm for pain in the gastrointestinal tract, cough, cold, as well as for polyps and bladder cancer.

Aphids and slugs

Regular weeding of beds from weeds and the application of potassium-phosphorus fertilizers;

As a result of this fungal disease, many brown pustules appear on the tips of the leaves, which lead to their yellowing and further drying. On the affected plants, with the onset of autumn, you can notice a special plaque, where the wintering stage of the fungus is located. His spores are well tolerated very coldy and with the advent of the first heat, young shoots begin to infect.

Diseases of irises and their treatment photo

Since the aphid multiplies rapidly, the plant for short time may die completely. To prevent this from happening, spraying damaged flowers with a 0.3% karbofos emulsion or 15% phosphamide composition should be carried out.

Diseases and pests of irises and their treatment are not limited solely to fungal diseases. Plants are also susceptible to viruses. The mosaic of leaves is well known to flower growers, in which they turn yellow-green and dry quickly.

Wet rot affects flowers and slows down the development of not only irises, but also gladioli, tulips and hyacinths. This bacterium appears in the soil from the manure with which it is fertilized. To prevent infection, before planting, irises (they are then bypassed by pests and diseases) are treated in a solution of potassium permanganate for 30 minutes. It is enough to put half a teaspoon of the substance in 0.5 liters of water, lower the rhizome and pickle it.

Owls and bears

It is caused by Erwinia carotovora bacteria, which, settling in moist and rich nutrients rhizomes, cause them to rot.

Control measures: when digging the earth, we remove the larvae manually. Before planting the rhizomes of irises, dip them in a mixture of liquid clay and Bazudin (100 ml per bucket of water).

Signs: on the tubers, areas damaged by the bear are visible. With large "wounds", the iris may dry out altogether.

Control measures: spray the flowers with a 1% solution of Bordeaux liquid or 0.3% copper oxychloride.

Sprinkle their skin with neurodermatitis, diaper rash, ulcers.

wireworms

Single aphids can be collected from irises by hand, and if their mass populations are found, spraying with insecticidal tinctures or chemicals should be carried out, the same as those used in the case of mosaic disease.

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Diseases of irises and their treatment, preventive and protective agents

Soil drainage in flowerbeds, the destruction of diseased leaves and the treatment of those that have been preserved with preparations containing sulfur (Thiovit, garden and colloidal sulfur) will help fight rust. Spraying is necessary every 2 weeks until the signs of the disease disappear.

Bacterial and viral diseases of irises and their treatment photo

This disease, which manifests itself in small stripes and light speckled spots on the leaves, is caused by a specific virus that, as a rule, carries aphids. The bushes affected by the mosaic noticeably lag behind in growth, produce short peduncles and too variegated flowers with divorces, darker than their main color.

iris mosaic

If there are no chemicals at hand, then a solution of soda ash (0.5%) with the addition of soap is suitable. Another way to protect plants from aphids is to regularly weed weeds.

Damaged foliage must be immediately cut off and burned, and the bush itself should be sprayed with a 0.2% solution of copper oxychloride and Ridomil Gold.

• Gray rot (fusarium) is also dangerous for iris, which affects both the roots and foliage of the plant. At the same time, a gray coating appears on the leaves, which leads to their decay and death. The roots are affected by dry rot, which appears due to the high nitrogen content, therefore, feeding the soil mineral fertilizers, you should strictly adhere to the dosage.
• Too frequent soil moisture, oversaturation with organic matter, dense planting, many old flowers endanger irises. Pests and diseases manifest themselves when the owner of the site forgets simple rules caring for these flowers - watering as needed, thinning and moderate use of organic matter.

soft bacterial rot

7. Nematodes

Control measures: we fill the earthen passages of this pest with soapy water, and after the bear crawls out of the hole, we destroy it. Next to the bushes of irises, we close up pellets in the ground - baits for these insects: Medvetoks, Thunder, Grizzly. Medvedka eats soaked granules better, so we water the ground around the flowers.

3. Septoria / heterosporiosis

1 part of crushed iris rhizomes insist 2 weeks in 10 parts of vodka, filter. Take 20-30 drops 3 times a day with 1/4 glass of water for chronic lung diseases, circulatory disorders, disorders nervous system, pain and cramps in the stomach.

Diseases of irises and the fight against them photo of fungal diseases

Iris onion nematode

Alternariosis

Numerous dark markings with watery edges, which manifest the disease, leads to premature drying of the affected leaves. Ascochitosis, as well as other fungal infections, persists in plant remains and earth. To prevent its reproduction, it is necessary to treat irises before and after the start of flowering with preparations with copper - copper sulfate or "Khom".

Effective methods of combating this disease have not yet been found by gardeners, so the main task is timely preventive measures, namely:

Iris Rust

Slugs live in the lower tier of leaves and in the upper layers of the soil. They hide during the day, crawling out to feed at night. They eat leaves, and in rhizomes eat out entire cavities. They multiply intensively during periods of rain at a temperature of + 18-20 degrees.

In order to notice the disease of flowers in time, you should carefully look at the color of their flowers. If they become spotty or as if melted, and light flowers- dirty matte, then the plant is infected with a virus.

Ascochitosis

The right place for planting will be a good prevention of the disease. Both pests of irises and their treatment will not become irreparable damage to the entire flower bed if you plant flowers either on a natural elevation or on a bulk raised bed.

heterosporiosis

Signs of bacteriosis:

Signs: plant tissues damaged by the pest become brown.

Gray rot

3. thrips

Signs: yellowish spots appear on iris leaves various sizes. Later they turn brown and coalesce. The leaves dry out and the plants bloom poorly. The disease most often develops in wet weather, as well as with a deficiency of phosphorus and calcium in the soil.

Andrey Zalomlenkov pharmacist-phytologist

This is a small white worm that lives in the bulbs and seeds of plants. As a rule, a humid environment is suitable for reproduction, but even in severe drought this pest remains viable for a long time. Larvae and adults of nematodes suck juices from plants, which leads to swelling of the stems and irregular shape peduncles. After the final withering of the irises, the pests burrow into the ground in search of their new "victim".

The most common pests of irises

Its signs are round or oval tan spots on the foliage, which are initially yellow in color and then turn gray-brown. Some time after infection, not only these spots begin to darken, but nearby tissues, on the surface of which fungal spores form.

Aphid bean

Immediate removal of infected seedlings;

In the form of prevention, you can carry out a deep digging of the earth and the destruction of last year's leaves. You can get rid of slugs folk remedy- spray flowers and closely growing trees with a decoction of bitter pepper.

• For prevention, it is necessary every time before conducting garden work disinfect equipment, spray the site with fungicides and clean it from weeds.​
• A fungus-infected area of ​​soil can become the culprit in infecting the entire land near the house if already diseased iris tubers are cut and transplanted. The fungus remains in the soil and when it appears favorable conditions(high humidity, temperature + 12-17 degrees) will damage the surrounding plants.​

onion nematode

rhizomes become soft;

Control measures: we burn damaged specimens. The place where they grew is watered with a 10% formalin solution. Before planting the rhizomes, we warm them in warm water(50 ° C) for half an hour.​

Signs: These microscopic insects take up residence in the densely compressed leaf entrances of the plant. Pest-damaged irises are different brown leaves, which quickly dry out and become covered with dark crusts. Thrips also damage buds, causing discoloration of tissues and deformity of flowers. Most often, such pests appear in hot weather.

root mite

Control measures: at the first signs of the disease, we spray irises with 0.3% copper oxychloride; 0.4 - 0.5% colloidal sulfur.​

Source: http://sotkiradosti.ru/tsvety-na-dache/bolezni-i-vrediteli-irisov

The main thing in the fight against nematodes is the observance of crop rotation, in which irises need to be returned to their former sites only after a couple of years. It’s also a good idea to organize flower beds with carrot beds nearby and dry the bulbs before storing them in the winter.

Outcome

The treatment of irises with copper-containing compounds, as well as the collection and burning of plants in late autumn, will help get rid of heterosporiosis.

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Iris: useful properties and use in traditional medicine | RECIPE & K°

Timely watering, fertilizing and spraying irises from insects with chemical and biological preparations (Golden Iskra, Actellik, Furranon, Kinmiks, Arrivo, Confidor).​

The land is cultivated with ash or a mixture of lime and tobacco dust. Also, many gardeners set traps for slugs - bowls of water dug into the ground. When they get into the dishes to get drunk, they can no longer get out of there. It remains to destroy them and pour fresh water.

Medicinal properties of iris

Many irises, diseases and pests (photo confirmation of this), which most often affect the roots, suffer from small insects - thrips, which settle in the axils of the leaves. They feed on the cell sap of plants, causing their deformation. Most of all, thrips love Siberian and Japanese varieties irises, but do not disdain "bearded" species.

Iris decoction:

The first sign of the disease is the appearance of a gray spot on the rhizome. The pulp under it becomes brown and loose, and inside the root turns black. For safety, irises (pests and diseases then recede) must be treated with copper sulfate or bicarbonate soda 5% strength before planting.

Iris root powder:

The roots turn into a "porridge" with an unpleasant odor;

Iris tincture:

Waterlogged soil, an excess of organic matter, the consequences caused by frost, thickened plantings, old bushes that require rejuvenation - all these are favorable factors for the development of bacteriosis. The disease is manifested by the following symptoms. The affected rhizome begins to rot, softens, turning into a porridge-like mass that emits bad smell. The affected fan of leaves bends and falls.

Control measures: spray the bushes twice with 10% karbofos. The interval between sprayings is 7 days.​

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4. Wet rot (bacteriosis)

Irises are among the most resistant to diseases and pests. ornamental plants. These flowers are a favorite object of selection for many summer residents (here is an article about their cultivation), in the process of breeding new varieties of which it was found that the most exquisite irises are most susceptible to various diseases and pests. At the same time, there is a clear distinction between the occurrence of diseases in flowers, depending on the climatic zone. So in the north-west of Russia, irises are most often affected soft rot(bacteriosis), and in the southwest - rust.

Root onion mite

Iris diseases

Bacterial root rot of irises

Iris diseases: soft bacterial rot

Butterfly scoop caterpillars destroy irises from the inside, gnawing through entire labyrinths in the stem of the plant. Most of all, they love moist areas, so draining the soil is a preventive measure. It is also recommended to loosen the soil between the rows and destroy weeds, especially during the laying of eggs.

As these sucking insects “conquer” the plant, its leaves turn brown and wither, and the roots become covered with brown spots.

Another simple way to prevent is treatment garden tools before work.​

The "fan" of foliage falls off.

Measures for the control and prevention of bacteriosis. Plants are regularly inspected, especially after the winter period, snow melting and during the summer period of active growth of young daughter divisions. Ensure a good outflow of melt water from the site. Well, if the area with plantings of irises has a natural slope, if it does not exist, then the way out of the situation is to place raised ridges. In winter - protection from frost damage to the rhizomes of irises. Destruction of insects and soil pests that are carriers of diseases. The use of sulfur in combination with fertilizers.​

4. Slugs

Signs: the rhizome rots, the tops of the stems turn yellow and dry. They appear on them clear signs decay. After a while, the affected parts of the plant die off.

Irises affected viral diseases are not amenable to treatment. They need to be dug up and burned. Special attention should be given to the preservation of the tubers of the plant, since they are often damaged by various diseases and a variety of gnawing insects. Compliance with all the requirements of agricultural technology and the use of safe planting material allows you to minimize the risk of damage to country flowers by diseases and pests.

This pest is not in vain also called the onion mite, because, spreading everywhere, it is able to damage during storage not only irises, but also hyacinths, daffodils and other bulbous crops.

If it is your turn to think about why the leaves of irises turn yellow after flowering, you can not even doubt that the plants attacked two pathogen fungi at once. The first of them affects the rhizome with dry rot and contributes to the appearance of specific rounded and dense neoplasms on it.

It can be detected already in early spring by characteristic brown spots on overwintered foliage. Such shoots continue to grow with areas of dead tissue, after which they begin to rot at the base. Often, the disease also affects the iris root, which softens and acquires an unpleasant putrefactive odor.

Iris pests

Good effect on diseases and pests of irises Bordeaux mixture, which is made from a mixture of copper sulphate and lime milk. It should be used before flowers bloom.

From thrips can be saved by spraying with an emulsion of karbofos (10%) based on 10 liters of water 75-90 g of emulsion. Spraying should be done once a week.

This is a fungal leaf disease. It is caused by the fungi Heterosporium iridis and Mycosphaerella macrospora. Diseases and pests of bearded irises of this type appear primarily on old and tall leaves.

Unfortunately, severely damaged irises, pests and diseases that have caused irreparable damage, cannot be treated. This is also true in the case of bacteriosis, which spreads very quickly at temperatures from +13 to +17 degrees. Plants should be separated from still healthy rhizomes and burned.

Diseases. Treatment. Prevention. Read!​

Signs: These mollusks eat flowers, and sometimes damage the young leaves of the plant, leaving oblong holes on them. They multiply especially strongly in wet weather.