It must be remembered that this is a rather tender plant, which can cause a wide variety of diseases.
There are many different diseases that can affect citrus fruits. In this article, we will look at various viral diseases of lemons and their symptoms. Viral diseases manifest themselves as spots on the leaves of lemons and tangerines, slowing down the growth and development of plants or dying off the bark.
And if from infectious diseases While parasites can still be cured, there is no cure for viral diseases.
Causes of viral diseases of lemons
First of all, it is worth understanding how the infection of a lemon occurs. This will correct errors in the maintenance of your tree and prevent re-infection.
Among the causes leading to diseases, the following can be distinguished:
- weak immunity of the plant after previously transferred diseases;
- illiterate content (incorrect watering, pruning, temperature regime, lack of light and mineral nutrition);
- soil Low quality;
- location next to other diseased plants;
- insects that can carry various viruses;
- summer ventilation, as a result of which various viruses or fungi can be introduced (but the likelihood of this is very small).
Unfortunately, almost all viral diseases of lemons are incurable. Therefore, if you notice the symptoms of one of them, it is better to get rid of the diseased plant as soon as possible.
Consider possible viral diseases of citrus fruits.
Psorosis a, or xylopsorosis
Xylopsorosis virus is a dangerous virus that infects the bark of lemon stems. It can be in a latent (that is, at rest) state for about 10 years. Therefore, you may not even know that your plant is infected with this virus.
In terms of symptoms, this disease resembles gommosis, so novice citrus growers rarely manage to identify it in their lemons.
Xylopsorosis is identical to simple gommosis in terms of external signs of manifestation, but at the same time it is very dangerous for the plant.
Xylopsorosis is not treatable, so an infected lemon will have to be disposed of.
Tristeza
It is a disease caused by the Tristeza virus of the same name. In an infected tree, the bark of the trunk dies off. It affects the whole plant. Young trees under the age of 5 years are most susceptible to this disease.
The virus infects the entire plant. The initial symptoms of this disease are stunting and shrinking of the fruit.
Homemade lemon, like any other citrus crop, is susceptible to many diseases. It can be infectious, viral, fungal diseases, as well as diseases resulting from improper care of the plant.
Indoor lemon diseases often occur due to a lack of trace elements. So, for example, if a citrus is deficient in nitrogen, small, light yellow spots appear on its leaves. With a lack of phosphorus, the leaf plate fades, and its edges dry out. If the tree lacks iron, a light green mesh appears on its leaves; if there is a lack of manganese or boron, the ovaries fall off. To prevent this, you should regularly make mineral and organic fertilizers. At the same time, it is important to observe the dosage, since an excess of fertilizers also negatively affects the condition of this plant.
Lemon diseases at home indoor conditions and their photos
Lemon diseases at home can be caused by pathogenic microorganisms: fungi, viruses, bacteria, mycoplasmas. Affected individuals develop various defects(shrinking, deformation of fruits and leaves, spotting, growths, and others). The causative agents of diseases are carried by the wind, with the help of insects, and also through drops of water during watering and spraying.
Most often, weakened trees are susceptible to diseases, so it is important to create everything when growing a lemon. the necessary conditions for its full development, to carry out proper care, to conduct regular, thorough examinations. The fight against lemon diseases should be carried out at the first signs. From a diseased individual, it is required to cut off all the affected parts so that they do not weaken the tree.
Most dangerous diseases homemade lemons:
Photo gallery
For the prevention and elimination of pathogens of fungal and bacterial diseases, the Fitosporin biofungicide is recommended, which is watered and sprayed with citrus.
Gommoz
This disease occurs in the lower part of the trunk. Gradually rises up to the branches and down to the roots of the tree. In places of defeat, bulges are formed in which gum accumulates, which is a yellow or brown liquid that hardens in air. Affected areas crack and die. There are wounds on the tree. With a strong defeat of the lemon, the leaves dry up and fall off. Individuals infected with gommosis continue to produce crops, but their fruits become smaller and lose their taste qualities. If measures are not taken to eliminate this disease, the citrus will die.
Often, gommosis affects leaves and fruits. appear on the leaves brown spots that grow over time. On the affected fruits, the skin darkens and coarsens. The pulp softens, rots and acquires an unpleasant odor.
It is quite difficult to treat this disease. Sick areas are cleaned and treated with a solution blue vitriol. After that, the tree is removed from the soil, its roots are cleaned and transplanted into fresh soil. Sick bark and wood are cut out, all cleanings are burned.
Scab and other diseases of lemon leaves
Lemon can also affect scab, which can be recognized by convex spots that appear on the leaves, branches, citrus fruits. After some time, instead of these spots, holes form, after which the leaves fall off, the fruits and bark of the branches crack. The causative agent of scab is a pathogenic fungus that can overwinter in fallen leaves, spread by wind and insects. Grows quickly in a humid environment.
To prevent this disease in the spring, the crown and soil should be sprayed with a solution of copper or iron sulphate. A diseased plant is sprayed after bud break with Bordeaux liquid. Secondary spraying is carried out after flowering. To do this, you can use copper chloride, cuprosan and other fungicides.
The affected parts of the lemon must be collected and burned. Change the soil. In the spring, before the buds swell, all diseased branches are removed. The tree is sprayed mineral fertilizers. For this, urea (10%), ammonium nitrate (10%), nitroammophoska (10%), calcium chloride (70%) are used. Effective in the fight against scab drug "Strobilin".
sooty fungus
It appears on the leaves, later on the branches and trunk in the form of a dark coating. This disease slows down the growth of the plant, prevents its normal development.
When signs of soot fungus appear, the plaque is washed off with a clean warm water. It is useful to rinse the tree under the shower. The room where the affected lemon is located must be well ventilated.
Warty
Wart is one of the diseases of lemons that occurs in room conditions. Young shoots, fruits and leaves are affected by a pathogenic fungus.
Small yellowish spots appear on the leaves, which after a while turn into gray warts. On the shoots, the warts increase in size, forming large growths, which leads to the death of the shoot. Brown spots form on the fruits, the ovaries fall off. Warty develops rapidly in extreme heat and with high humidity air.
To eliminate this disease, the affected parts of the plant are cut and burned, then the crown is sprayed with Bordeaux liquid. The first spraying is carried out in March, the second immediately after flowering, the third - in July.
Root rot on lemon
Root rot on a lemon is not noticeable until intensive leaf fall begins. When this sign appears, the tree is dug up and inspected. root system. If there are lesions, they are removed with sharp knife. After that, the citrus is transplanted into fresh soil and placed in a bright place. The next few days, watering is not performed. The leaves are wiped with a damp cloth.
Sometimes, when root rot appears, dark brown spots appear on the trunk, through which dirt seeps. Over time, the bark dries up and dies.
Photos of the above indoor lemon diseases can be seen below:
Photo gallery
Viral diseases of lemon
Domestic lemon diseases such as citrus cancer, leaf mosaic, and tristesis are viral.
Citrus canker appears as dark brown spots on leaves and fruits. With a long illness, the leaves fall off, the fruits are formed with defects. This disease leads to the death of the plant. Treatment is not subject.
For the prevention of citrus cancer, spring treatment of the tree with liquid copper fungicide is carried out.
Leaf mosaic is recognized by light, sometimes dark green stripes or strokes on the leaves. It leads to deformation of the leaf plate, as well as to a slowdown in the growth of the tree. Treatment is not subject. At good care and regular top dressing becomes less pronounced.
Tristeza - leads to drying and falling of the leaves. With a strong defeat, branches, bark and entire trees die. Treatment is not subject.
Lemon disease - sticky leaves
Quite often, citrus owners are faced with deformation, drying and falling of its leaves.
Lemon leaf diseases occur for various reasons. This may be a lack of nutrients, poor care, pest damage, tree disease.
The cause of leaf fall is often a lack of light, dry air, or too heat air. It negatively affects the leaves and the plant as a whole by watering with cold and chlorinated water, an excess of moisture in the soil, and a violation of the acid-base balance of the soil. In addition, lemon leaves react sharply to any changes, whether it be moving it to a new place or changing the temperature regime.
In some cases, citrus leaves become sticky. The sticky lemon leaves look like they've been sprinkled with syrup. Such a disease, as a rule, causes, settled on a tree. If measures to combat this pest are not taken in a timely manner, soot fungus may develop in the sticky liquid. To eliminate sticky plaque, the leaves are wiped with a solution of transformer oil (6 ml per 1 liter of water). After 5-7 days, re-treatment is carried out. The solution not only effectively removes sticky plaque, but also destroys the young scale insect, which has not yet been covered with a protective shell. If the treatment is not carried out, the plant will die.
You can use another way to treat a tree. In the warm season, citrus is sprayed with karbofos or tobacco solution. To completely eliminate the disease, 2-3 such treatments are required with an interval of 7-10 days.
The characteristic signs of lemon diseases are presented in the following photos:
Anyone who has ever tried to grow their own lemon Tree, probably noticed some yellow spots on the leaves of the lemon. Sunny fruits do not just decorate the interior of your home.
They give a sunny mood and warm with their color at a time when outside the windows all nature has gone deep into winter sleep. Lemons make the apartment especially cozy. So, in this article we will try to figure out why yellow spots suddenly appeared on lemon leaves, how to determine the cause of their appearance. And also find out what will help restore the plant to its former beauty and health.
Why are there yellow spots on lemon leaves?
Let's look at the reasons for this phenomenon. Yellow spots on lemon leaves, the photos of which you will see in this article, may appear for various reasons. This may be due to improper care and lack of nutrients.
But also stains yellow color can appear when the plant is damaged by various ailments. Also an important reason is the attack of various pests. Let's take a closer look at each case.
Settling by insects
Yellow spots on the leaves of a lemon can indicate to us that the tree was inhabited by insects that suck juices from the plant. It often happens that at first it leaves such small specks of yellow color that it is almost impossible to suspect its appearance. The worms are very skillfully camouflaged on the bark, because they look like scales. They not only suck the juice from the leaves, but also damage the fruits.
Shield defeat
tick attack
Lemon tree leaves can be eaten by several types of mites. They leave behind small yellow dots, and the leaf surface becomes grainy and then turns yellow.
It could be a citrus red mite spider mite or the Hume tick. These species are most often found on lemon trees. The underside of the leaves may be covered with tiny cobwebs. Use a magnifying glass to confirm or deny these pests on your lemon.
What causes lemons
A lemon tree is a living organism, so it can get sick, of course. Lemon tree ailments are most often bacterial or fungal in nature.
A disease such as citrus cancer, which is a highly contagious infection of a bacterial nature, provokes the appearance of round yellow spots. Moreover, not only leaves are affected, but also fruits, and even branches.
Ailments such as citrus peel and greasy spots, are of fungal origin and also begin with the appearance of yellow spots, which in the first case quickly become scabs, and in the second case acquire a brown tint.
Although store-bought soil in pots with lemon trees is subject to sterilization, when transplanting a plant into a soil mixture that has formed independently, there is a risk of infection with phytophthora or root rot. Depending on how severely the roots are affected, lemon leaves may turn yellow or fall off altogether.
Unfavourable conditions
On lemon leaves, yellow spots may appear as a result of improper care or adverse conditions. environment.
A lack of magnesium and zinc, cold damage, and excessive watering of the plant lead to yellowness. Also, the cause may be a violation of the acid-base balance in the soil.
Any changes in environmental conditions that have occurred suddenly can also cause yellowing of the leaves. This may be the case when watering the plant is done with cold, not settled water. In such a situation, the air temperature becomes much higher than the soil temperature. Fluctuations in humidity and illumination of the room also matter.
Yellow spots on lemon leaves. What to do?
Having dealt with the causes of yellowing of the leaves, we turn to the second, but no less important part of our question. Let's figure out what needs to be done to restore beauty and health to the lemon tree in various situations.
Let's start with the problems associated with improper care. If the acidity of the soil has decreased, then this is replenishable, it is necessary to add peat or lime to the soil. When the pH is between six and eight, it will be much easier for lemon roots to absorb magnesium from the soil. Zinc deficiency is corrected by spraying the leaves
To combat late blight, the tree should be transplanted into new soil, while cutting off all damaged roots. After that, it is recommended to water the plant daily with a small amount of fertilizer. Thus, it will be possible to compensate for those nutrients, which the lemon lost along with the cut roots.
To rid the plant of various fungal ailments, as a rule, a fungicide is used, which has a copper base.
Against ticks effective method spraying with a spray containing sulfur or mineral oil is considered. In addition, such methods are not dangerous for the plant itself. This is especially important for those crops that are eaten. Many mistakenly use insecticides to control this pest. But ticks are not insects, which means that such drugs are useless against them. In addition, in this way you destroy all natural enemies of ticks. So, nothing else can restrain their reproduction.
The fight against scale insects begins with bathing procedures. Each sheet must be thoroughly washed with a solution of liquid or insecticidal soap, or at least dishwashing detergent. Once everything is washed, use any safe insecticide. These include Aktara or Fitoverm. Strictly following the instructions for use of the drug, treat the entire plant, except for the fruits. Sometimes, to prevent the movement of this pest, a small amount of mineral oil is used. But they do this with great care and only if the ambient temperature does not exceed twenty-seven degrees Celsius.
We examined where yellow spots on lemon leaves come from, as well as what methods of struggle are suitable in this or that case.
As you can see, there are a lot of reasons for this. Sweep them consistently, give your lemon the right care, and save it from drastic changes. Do not forget about regular top dressing and the introduction of minerals. And then it will surely give you a great sunny mood for many years, filling your home with beauty and a pleasant cozy aroma.
cultivation indoor plants a pleasant occupation, which sometimes brings good results. One of these fruits can be indoor lemon, which can be grown simply on the windowsill.
Lemon- a fruit that is used in desserts and snacks, and adding to tea is considered a classic combination. In addition, lemon is also very beautiful tree with a pleasant smell that will decorate your home. In this article, we will take a closer look at how to grow a lemon and how to care for it.
Varieties of homemade lemons
Some varieties of lemons can be grown only in southern regions , others like lower temperatures and take root only in northern regions. Lemons are divided into the following varieties:
- Lemon Ural- an unpretentious plant that grows well both in hot weather and in low temperature. At proper care yields up to 12 kg per year
- pavlovsky lemon- This is a variety of lemon, which was one of the first to be grown indoors. The plant grows best in dark places, but, despite this, it blooms. all year round. The harvest from this type of lemon varies from 10 to 40 kg per year.
- Lemons without a single thorn are called Maikopsky and Genoa. The first grade of lemon has very thin branches and a dark lush crown. Harvest per year reaches 30 kg. The second is noted as a stunted plant and yields only from the fourth year of life. The amount of harvest initially does not exceed 8 kg in the first years and up to 40 kg in the subsequent period
- lemon ponderosa a variety of citrus fruits, the fruits of which reach 1 kg in weight. But due to the fact that the fruits are large, the harvest does not exceed 5 pieces per year.
- Also, such a type of citrus fruits as Anniversary– they can reach 600 grams in weight
- A hybrid variety is a type of lemon, such as Chinese It's a mixture of lemon and orange. Enough capricious plant that needs careful care. The yield is low - up to 3 kg annually
There are a huge number of varieties of lemon that you can grow at home. All of them are different - some like heat and sun, others - partial shade and coolness. If you decide to plant a lemon in a pot at home, be sure to specify which temperature and light conditions suitable for this variety.
How to grow a lemon tree at home from a seed?
Lemon can be obtained by vaccination, and grow from the bone. Step-by-step instruction for growing lemon from seed listed below:
- Take no big pot, pierce holes in the bottom and cover with drainage. Buy citrus soil or make your own. To do this, pour in equal amounts into a pot humus and sod land
- Buy a ripe large lemon, cut and select 2-3 bones, plant in the ground to a depth of 1.5 cm
- Set the temperature in the house not lower than +18C, and spray the soil every three days. You can’t water before germination, an exception can be made if you see that the earth is very dry
- When the first sprouts appear, it will be about 21 days later after planting - move the pot to a lighted, but not very hot place. Watering the plant should be no more than 1 time in 2 weeks
- Need to transplant a lemon no more than 2 times a year. If you live in the private sector, you can plant a plant in the ground for the summer and return it to the room in the fall. For residents of apartments, a transplant should only be done if there is not enough space for a lemon in the current pot. Do not buy too large a pot for transplanting, it should be no more than 5 cm in diameter from the size of the previous
- In order for a lemon to bear fruit, it is worth pinch or bud the plant late spring or summer
Growing lemon from seeds After completing all the above steps, you will be able to in short time grow beautiful on your windowsill citrus tree, which will bring the harvest to your table.
Video: How to grow a fruiting lemon?
How to plant a lemon?
A lemon grown from seed will most likely not bear fruit if it is not grafted. For, to get a citrus crop you need:
- Cut off the scion just before the moment of grafting. The best time to do this is from April to August.
- Cut scion length 6 cm and remove all leaves except the top ones - leave about 4 sheets
- Make a cut at the top 1 cm length and process the cut with garden pitch
- On the scion, cut off half of each leaf, tie it with a ribbon to the rootstock, and place it under a glass tank or a large plastic bottle.
- Through 2 weeks check how the grafting has taken place - whether the cut leaves are easily separated
If the leaves begin to fall over time, then this clear sign that tree grafting was successful and you can slightly loosen the tape with which you tied the scion and rootstock.
Usually such lemon grafting methods are successful and one year after the procedure You will see the first, unusually fragrant white flowers, which will eventually grow into a delicious citrus fruit.
What soil is suitable for indoor lemon?
Lemon is a very whimsical plant and will not grow in any soil. In order to plant a citrus tree in a pot, you can use the soil from the store (special bags of soil marked "For citrus"), or make the desired mixture yourself.
The soil mixture for a young lemon consists of soddy and leafy soil in proportion 2:1 and sand with humus in the ratio 1:1. For a more mature plant, the amount sod land increases by one indicator and will be 3:1 in the ratio with leafy soil.
A particularly good addition to such soil is rotted oak leaves. This is very culture medium for the root system citrus tree.
Do not plant in land from under flowers or simply dug up on the site. The lemon will not only stop growing, but may simply die under such conditions.
How to feed a lemon at home?
If you grow a lemon at home, be prepared for the fact that it will not be as big as its counterpart in the store, but in smell and aroma. home harvest will exceed the purchase at times.
In order for the lemon to bear fruit, its leaves were bright green, and the tree itself looked strong and healthy, it needs fertilize regularly and properly. Main nutrients for lemon is nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus. The first has positive results on the growth of the plant, the second - on the formation of large, tasty fruits, the third - retains the bright color of lemon leaves.
Sold in stores special solution for citrus fruits, where all the necessary components are collected in the correct ratio. The best way to fertilize the plant summer or autumn. Home fertilizers can be chicken manure, diluted with water in the ratio 1:9.
Reproduction of lemon at home
You can propagate lemon using seeds or cuttings. Each of these methods has its pros and cons:
- When propagated by seeds the tree is more powerful compared to the lemon obtained by cuttings
- At seed propagation fruits appear only after 7 years, lemons will be from the handle after 3 years
Let's take a closer look at these types of reproduction. A seed after eating a lemon plant in a pot with a mixture of earth, humus and sand to a depth of no more than 2 cm, spray the soil. During seed propagation, the first sprouts from seeds appear maximum in a month. Over time, the plant grows into long thin branches that need to be cut.
Reproduction by cuttings— more fast way get BEAUTIFUL WOOD. Plant in a pot with drainage 5 cuttings from a healthy lemon with slices and cover with a jar. After three weeks, the first shoots will appear. It is worth transplanting such a lemon into a pot 2 months later after the appearance of shoots.
When propagating lemons, it is necessary Fertilize the plant once every few months manure or a special mixture from stores. Fruits after this method of reproduction, depending on the variety, may appear as early as next year.
Lemons grown from seeds will not bear fruit immediately - only after 7-8 years Do not be too lazy to use at least the first method, because it is not at all difficult to stick lemon pit in a pot. But a beautiful green tree that grows from such a bone will delight the eye every day.
Indoor lemon pests
There are a lot of solutions for saving lemon from pests, here is some of them:
- Solution with soap and machine oil(oil can be replaced with kerosene or copper sulfate) - mix these components in a ratio of 1: 2 and carefully wipe the leaves. Wash them after a couple of hours clean water. Repeat in a week
- Mustard soap emulsion- in a bucket of water, dissolve 250 g of laundry soap and 10 times less mustard powder, mix well. Pour 250 g of copper sulfate into the resulting solution
- Soak a sponge in a weak vinegar solution and wipe the leaves
- Grease the bucket from the inside turpentine and cover the plant. After a few hours, remove the container and wash the leaves with warm water.
- 100 g hot pepper grind in 1 liter of water and cook for about an hour. After that, strain through cheesecloth and leave for two days. Before use, dilute with water in a ratio of 1:10
- 50 g garlic pass through the garlic and pour 300 g hot water, insist a week in a dark place. Before use, add 350 gr of soap and dilute in a bucket of water
One of the enemies of indoor lemon is aphid Diseases and treatment of homemade lemon
Indoor lemons can overcome various fungal, viral and bacterial diseases. After receiving such a disease, ulcers, growths, rot and other signs form on the leaves and trunk of the tree.
If you do not take care of the lemon, then it becomes very vulnerable to such diseases. When you see any of the signs of fungus or bacteria on a plant, remove all fruits and flowers, so that they do not take away the strength from the lemon, necessary for pest control.
For the prevention and treatment of manifestations of the disease, it is necessary to use drug "Fitosporin". Use it to spray and water the diseased tree according to the instructions.
Spots on lemon leaves are also a sign of one of the diseases - treatment should be started immediately. With fungal diseases on trees, there may be the following visible signs:
- yellowing leaves, fallen buds and red spots on the fruits. For treatment, spray with Bordeaux solution
- pink warts on leaves and orange spots on fruits. It is necessary to cut off the affected parts and spray with Bordeaux liquid
- red spots, cracks on the trunk of a plant. For treatment, clean the affected areas, anoint with a solution of copper sulfate and garden pitch. Carry out similar procedures until complete recovery.
In order for the lemon not to have such signs and not die from an advanced disease, it is worth regularly inspecting the plant and apply remedial measures to save the tree.
Video: Indoor lemon and its diseases
Why do homemade lemon leaves fall?
If homemade lemon is worth not in a bright place, then this may be the first reason why the leaves fall off the plant. To solve the problem with leaf fall of a citrus tree, you need:
- Put the tree on the windowsill on the south side
- AT winter time additionally illuminate the plant with artificial lighting lamps
And insufficient and excessive watering leads to falling leaves on the lemon. In the first case, the dried roots die off, and the sap flow to the leaves stops, which in turn begin to fall off.
In case of excessive moisture the ground becomes denser, which blocks the access of air to the root system. Again, the root dies off and the situation repeats with insufficient watering. Therefore, watch the amount of watering citrus.
If the leaves of a lemon fall, then you are not taking good care of it. During the summer, lemon intensively consumes minerals from the soil. If you do not replenish stocks with fertilizers, then the leaves of the lemon will begin to turn yellow and fall off.
AT winter period the heated room is similar in climate to the desert. Excessive dryness of the air is stress for the lemon. Therefore, so that he does not start dropping leaves in such conditions, regularly Spray the leaves twice a week and do not place a lemon near a heater or radiator.
Leaves may fall due to excessive watering and due to the lack of water If the room temperature below +10C and there is a constant draft- this can also cause leaf fall.
Get rid of lemons stressful situations- take care of the temperature in the room where the lemon tree is stored, and the amount of watering the plant.
How to cut indoor lemon?
In order for a lemon tree to bear fruit well and be of the correct shape, you need to regularly prune and turn the tree on the windowsill in relation to the sun every two weeks. You can level the trunk by tying branches copper wire. This way the branches will grow in the right direction.
If the lemon already has fruits, then when ripe, it should cut not only the fruit, but also a branch 5-7 cm long on which the crop grew. And in a week, new shoots will grow at the cut site.
To obtain a fragrant tree with fruits, it is necessary to cut it If you have too many fruits on the tree, then you need to adjust their number at the rate of 1 fruit per 10-12 leaves. All other lemons must be removed so that the plant is not very hard. Give your plant the right shape so that it bears fruit well and looks healthy.
Is it possible to plant a room lemon on the street?
Very useful plant a lemon outside. Choose a place that is not too open and well lit. The best option there will be a place where sun before noon, and after - partial shade. Be prepared for the fact that after a transplant, a lemon may drop flowers. But this is not scary, such a reaction in a plant to stress during transplantation.
If you don't want a lemon without flowers, plant the plant outside in a pot. Thus, the tree will be in the same conditions, but already in the fresh air.
Under good climatic conditions, lemon will grow on the streets all summer season. In October, it is advisable to return it to the room, because there may be night frosts and the plant may freeze slightly.
Anyway do not delay the stay of indoor lemon on the street- as soon as the temperature starts to drop, it must be return to the premises.
Careful care and compliance with the above measures will allow an exotic guest to settle in your house for a long time - indoor lemon which is sure to please you. bright greens and delicious citrus fruits.
Video: How to grow a lemon at home?
Diseases and ailments of indoor citrus plants: symptoms and pictures
In this article, we will help you, with the help of a photo and a description of the main symptoms of ailments, to recognize diseases of citrus plants.
Black charcoal
Symptoms: Black charcoal mold spreads on leaves or fruit. It develops due to a nectar-sucking raid of insects such as aphids, mealybugs, scale insects and whiteflies.
Most effective way prevention of this disease is the fight against these insects. To control the reproduction of insects and prevent them from secreting secretions, use any available insecticide that can be purchased at a gardening store. When spraying on a tree, make sure that the top and bottom sides of the leaves are treated equally. A second spray may be required after 10 to 14 days, depending on the severity of the pest infestation.
To eliminate the mold that has already formed, you need to spray the crown with a fungicide based on liquid copper. The use of copper sulphate to combat coal mold is quite effective, but with extensive damage to the leaves, a second spraying is required after 14 days.
Growth regulator damage
Symptoms: Leaves curl up like a bowl or curl, turn yellowish if growth regulators have been incorrectly applied. The fruits fall off while still unripe, the plant looks sluggish.
deficitnitrogen fertilizer
Symptoms: Leaves turn completely pale green when nitrogen is deficient. The reason for this is the imbalance of fertilizers, unfavourable conditions soil, or unhealthy roots.
Destruction of mesophyll cells
Symptoms: Soft fabric between leaf veins becomes depressed and transparent or pale green. This is due to spraying or watering the plant enough cold water(below +10 degrees Celsius). Affected leaf tissue turns yellow-brown or dies.
zinc deficiency
Symptoms: Extensive chlorosis develops between the veins when there is a lack of zinc fertilizer. The leaves of the plant become light green, sometimes almost white. Also, with a lack of zinc, there is a decrease in the size of the leaves, their curvature and ugliness, shortened internodes.
Manganese deficiency
Symptoms: Leaves turn yellowish completely, but larger veins remain slightly green. The symptoms of manganese deficiency are the same as those of zinc deficiency. Both conditions are more common on young leaves that have sprouted in the fall when the soil cools and root activity decreases.
potassium deficiency
Symptoms: Yellowish leaves that are bent down at the edges, especially at the ends, are symptoms of potassium deficiency.
magnesium deficiency
Symptoms: yellowing of the leaves, starting from the tip and sides, which progresses to inside sheet. A V-shaped dark green spot is observed at the base of the leaf.
Iron-deficiency anemia
Symptoms: Interveinal chlorosis due to lack of iron looks like yellowing between small dark green veins. This is often associated with cooling of the soil and a decrease in root activity; it develops on new young leaves.
Sodium toxicity
Symptoms: yellowing brown leaves, as well as darkening of the leaves and their premature fall. High total mineralization or excess sodium or chloride can cause this leaf damage. In addition, there may be general symptoms throughout the tree, for example, stunting.
Boron toxicity
Symptoms: Mottling or yellowing, spotting on the underside of the leaves, and premature leaf drop may be due to excess boron; severe symptoms may include branch death.
root rot
Root rot, also referred to as brown rot or gum disease, is a tree disease caused by fungi of the Phytophthora species that live in the soil.
Symptoms: yellow and dying leaves, fruits too small, the trunk has an affected bark, in the form of an ulcer from which a dark sticky liquid (gum) oozes. As a result, the bark exfoliates from the trunk in the form of vertical stripes. Such damage can spread along the trunk in the form of a ring.
Late blight (Phytophthora) can lead to a deterioration in the health of the entire tree, stopping its ability to grow, reducing the ability of the roots to absorb water and nutrients, leading to wilting. When the roots are infected, the surface of the root becomes soft, its color changes and they become watery. Fibrous roots have a flaky surface, leaving only a white threadlike root.
To eliminate root rot and gummosis, it is necessary to: improve soil drainage, use irrigation practices, apply fungicides, trim the affected roots and replant the tree.