When problems arise with the preparation of hot water in a double-circuit boiler, it is necessary first of all to determine according to which scheme the boiler operates in the DHW mode. There are two options: bithermic heat exchanger and secondary heat exchanger.
In the first case, the heating circuit and the hot water circuit are combined in one heat exchanger - the primary one. When water preparation is required, the heating circulation pump stops and the entire boiler output is given to the passing tap water.
In another case, the boiler is equipped with an additional (second) plate heat exchanger and a switch (three-way valve). When it becomes necessary to prepare water, the heat carrier from the heating circuit is directed to the second heat exchanger, through which heat is transferred to the flowing tap water. At the same time, the pump continues to work - to drive to pump the coolant in a small circle.
Therefore, for different schemes, problems with hot water must be diagnosed differently.
The most common problems:
Baksi boiler does not heat hot water well
baxi boiler does not heat water (hot water does not turn on)
If the boiler does not turn on as needed
You open the mixer valve, but the boiler does not react and does not try to ignite the burner, and no errors occur. Regardless of the scheme of operation of the DHW circuit of the boiler, a sensor is installed on the outlet pipeline, which determines that the water has begun to be parsed. It is also called a DHW flow sensor. Sensors are different types: some simply determine the presence of water movement in the pipeline, others can quantitatively measure the flow. The latter are used to provide greater comfort due to precise control of the burner power depending on the flow rate.
In both cases, at the beginning of the water flow from this sensor, a signal must be sent to the control board. If for some reason this does not happen, the boiler will be idle.
The sensor type is easiest to determine by the number of contacts. Two means it is a closing microswitch. Three - a sensor with a flow meter.
Sensor Diagnostics
If the flow sensor is a microswitch, then for diagnostics it is enough to check the contact closure with a tester. To do this, disconnect the contacts from the sensor, connect the tester in the “ringing” mode, turn on the water tap. If the circuit does not occur, then the sensor is faulty and requires inspection and, if necessary, replacement. It happens that the accumulated dirt interferes with the circuit and it is enough to clean it. Poor quality of tap water and lack of pre-filters is the most common problem. Reed sensors contain a magnet, so they attract rust microparticles and quickly fail.
Sensors with a flow meter register the amount of water flow, which can usually be displayed on the boiler display. For BAXI boilers you need:
hold the “i” button to access the information menu for 5 seconds
use the DHW temperature adjustment buttons to scroll to parameter A08 (actual water flow through the sensor, liters per minute * 10)
Now it remains to compare the actual water flow from the tap with the sensor flow. If the actual flow does not match the value of the sensor, then most likely it needs to be replaced.
Since the mechanical part of the flow sensor is a turbine, in case of contamination, it can wedge and the signal from the sensor disappears. No signal from the flow sensor - the boiler stops heating water.
The three-way valve is installed in boilers with two heat exchangers. When a signal is received from the flow sensor, the electronics give a signal to the valve and the heated water from the first heat exchanger is sent to the second heat exchanger, where heat is transferred to the passing tap water. If, for example, actual switching does not take place (valve defective), then the heating medium will continue to circulate in the heating circuit and there will be no heat transfer to the hot water circuit.
If, for example, a valve closes the heating circuit only partially due to a malfunction, then there will be problems with insufficient heating of hot water, since part of the heat will go to the heating system.
Burner modulation errors
For heating running water in most cases, a boiler power close to the maximum is required. In modern boilers, the burner power is regulated over a wide range. Adjustment occurs by changing the amount of gas supply by the gas valve. The amount of adjustment is determined by the control board, depending on the logic of operation and settings. The process can be observed visually by the height of the flames on the burner.
If the boiler settings are set to 100% boiler power in DHW mode, but visually the flames on the burner are weak, or obvious interruptions are visible, then you should check:
gas valve setting (static and dynamic gas pressure)
control board
Such checks may only be carried out by a qualified technician.
Temperature sensor malfunction
The boiler determines the actual temperature of hot water according to the readings of the temperature sensor. Therefore, if for some reason incorrect readings are received from it, the boiler may not work correctly in the hot water preparation mode. The temperature sensor is a thermistor with resistance versus temperature. Checking such a sensor is to measure its resistance at a known temperature. Baxi boilers are equipped with NTC sensors with an inverse dependence of resistance on temperature. At room temperature the resistance of the sensor should be approximately 10 kOhm, at a temperature of 45 degrees 4.3 kOhm.
Clogged heat exchanger (reduced capacity)
Often scale or dirt build-up on the inside walls of the heat exchanger is the cause of problems with hot water. If a tap water does not undergo preliminary filtration (coarse cleaning) and the temperature of hot water is too high - the walls of the heat exchanger become overgrown with scale and dirt over time, their thermal conductivity and flow area decrease. Each time the user increases the DHW temperature on the boiler more and more to get the desired result on the mixer. With an increase in temperature, scale forms even faster and, as a result, the DHW temperature of the boiler is at its maximum, and the water is not heated enough. This process has a particularly negative effect on a boiler with a bithermic heat exchanger. Plate heat exchangers lend themselves well to flushing.
Control board errors
The control board should be considered as the cause of hot water problems when all other checks have failed. The cause may be a malfunction in the flame modulation circuit. The boiler control unit constantly adjusts the burner power depending on the conditions, and if there is a malfunction on the board, the boiler may spontaneously reboot or turn off when reaching the maximum power, which in most cases is required in the hot water preparation mode.
As board errors, it is still possible to incorrectly configure it. But this only applies to those cases when problems appeared after its replacement. BAXI boards are universal and require customization for a specific boiler.
During the operation of a double-circuit gas boiler, each user will encounter certain problems associated with the operation of the hot water circuit. These problems are inevitable. They always appear, regardless of the manufacturer of the boiler and its heat exchanger, on the design features of the boiler; It doesn't matter if the boiler is wall-mounted or floor-standing. Often the boiler starts to heat hot water poorly or does not heat it at all. Especially when you use multiple points at the same time. Let's talk in this material how to get rid of this problem forever.
In any room where a double-circuit gas boiler is installed, whether it is an apartment, Vacation home or office, there are certainly several places that are points water intake: washbasin in the toilet, shower in the bathroom, sink in the kitchen. All these points are connected to the hot water circuit of the boiler.
What happens when hot water is turned on at one point of intake
The double-circuit boiler is set to maintain a certain temperature in the hot water circuit. When hot water is turned on at one of the points:
- for some time, cold water continues to flow from the tap, which stood in the pipe before it was opened,
- the heating of the boiler is turned on, while it takes a certain time for it to reach the set temperature,
- after a few seconds, heated water enters the pipe and begins to move to the intake point,
- a few more seconds are needed for hot water to reach the point of intake,
- an additional few seconds are necessary due to the fact that the incoming water seems too hot to the consumer, and he regulates the water supply by the mixer.
Thus, at least a few seconds pass from the moment the hot water tap is opened to the moment the water supply starts at a comfortable temperature. The farther the water intake point is from the boiler, the longer this period of time.
All this time, the user cannot fully use the water and it will be that the boiler does not heat normally hot water. It waits for the moment when water arrives at a comfortable temperature. Meanwhile, water that is not comfortable for the user simply goes down the drain.
Unproductive water consumption can range from a few liters to tens of liters, depending on how far the water intake point is from the boiler.
What happens when hot water is turned on at the same time at two points of intake
The scheme becomes more complicated if, during the use of hot water at one point of intake, it becomes necessary to turn it on at another point, for example: when the shower is turned on in the bathroom, it becomes necessary to wash your hands in the washbasin of the toilet. In this case:
- the rate of use of hot water increases sharply, its consumption increases,
- there is a weak pressure of hot water;
- the flow of cold water into the boiler increases,
- a drop in the temperature of the boiler heat exchanger leads to the fact that the water temperature at the first point of intake ceases to be comfortable,
- a few seconds are needed to turn on the automatic boiler for heating,
- a few more seconds to ensure that both users at two points of the fence can use water at a comfortable temperature.
All this time, both users cannot fully use hot water. She comes intermittently. Unproductive consumption of water, uselessly going down the drain, increases dramatically.
What if one of the users turned off the water? In this case, the consumption of hot water drops sharply. A temperature jump occurs on the heater of a double-circuit gas boiler. As a result, the temperature of hot water rises sharply at the point of intake, which continues to work. The user cannot fully use the water, it goes into the sewer until the automatics work on the boiler, and the water of the desired temperature begins to flow to the user in a stable mode.
Since such situations are repeated several times every day, the unproductive consumption of hot water is increasing every day. At the same time, one should not forget about the discomfort that users experience during moments of unstable hot water supply.
Ways to solve the problem
The problem can be solved in ways that require significant investment, for example:
- use with a boiler
- purchase of a new boiler with a built-in boiler.
However, there is a way that is less expensive, but very productive - inserting an electric storage heater into the hot water circuit. Moreover, for this purpose, any standard heater with a volume of 30 liters is quite suitable, regardless of the manufacturer.
Use a water heater
A water heater embedded in the hot water circuit acts as a buffer tank. Its purpose is to equalize the temperature of hot water and smooth out possible temperature fluctuations. The storage water heater and the gas boiler heater are set to the same operating temperature.
Even if hot water taps are turned on simultaneously at different points of its intake, all users will initially receive water from the storage tank. The time spent waiting for a comfortable water temperature is reduced. Reduced waste of water.
Turning on and off the hot water supply at any point of the intake causes a temperature drop in the water at the outlet of the gas boiler. However, this water enters lower part water heater, and when it leaves the upper part, the temperature jump is completely smoothed out.
Connecting the water heater through a ball valve allows you to switch to the normal gas boiler operation system at any time, which can ensure uninterrupted hot water supply in the event of a water heater breakdown.
Using a bypass jumper with a tap in close proximity to the boiler allows you to exclude the boiler from the hot water supply system. If the boiler is under maintenance, the use of the existing water heater will ensure the uninterrupted operation of the hot water supply system.
Use expansion tank
In winter, when the heating circuit is activated at the boiler, any turning on of hot water leads to the fact that it is turned off so that the hot water circuit can turn on. During the summer period, when the boiler is not connected to the heating circuit, each hot water switch-on causes the gas boiler to switch on.
Often, the user turns on the hot water faucet just to rinse their hands. The boiler turns on or switches, hot water flows through the pipes. But the user can simply not wait for it by washing his hands with cold water.
Meanwhile, frequent and useless inclusions and switching of the boiler “eat up” its service life. A possible solution is to install a small expansion tank. It is installed in front of the water heater. In the presence of such a tank, for the first time after turning on the tap, hot water enters the pipe exclusively from the water heater due to the increase in pressure in the tank. Thus, in the case of a short use of hot water, there is no need to turn on and switch the boiler.
Use recycling pump
The best option - the water heater is located in the immediate vicinity of the hot water intake points. The closer it is, the faster hot water will enter the tap, the more efficiently it is used. If this option of installing a water heater is not possible, then it is recommended to install a recirculation pump.
The pump is installed on the segment between the water heater and the hot water intake points, ensuring the slow movement of hot water through the pipes. In addition, if you embed a heated towel rail on this segment, it will perform its direct function at any time of the year, regardless of the operation of the heating circuit of the boiler.
The effectiveness of the proposed method
With a relatively small cash outlay, the installation of a water heater, expander and pump allows you to:
- save up to 25 thousand liters of water per year if a family of four lives in the apartment,
- use water at a comfortable temperature even in the case of simultaneous operation of several points of water intake,
- reduce the consumption of gas and electricity,
- extend the life of the double-circuit boiler.
Installing a gas boiler allows you to forget about cold water in batteries and taps. Double-circuit models are able to simultaneously work for heating and hot water supply (DHW) of the room. But what if the boiler does not heat water? If you are faced with a similar problem, our recommendations will help you find the cause and fix the problem yourself.
The principle of operation of the boiler
To understand the causes of the breakdown, you need to understand how the boiler works. Double-circuit devices "Ariston", "Baksi" and other models have several blocks. Ignition and combustion take place in the gas node, the water node is responsible for the water supply and pressure in the line. The chimney block brings combustion products to the street.
As soon as you start the boiler, a pump is activated that pumps water into the system. The gas valve opens. The liquid circulates through the tubes of the heat exchanger, and the burner evenly warms up its body. Sensors control the heating process. As soon as the temperature reaches the set temperature, the gas supply is turned off, heating stops.
When the temperature begins to decrease, the sensors will send a signal to the control module - the heating cycle will start again.
When the mixer is opened, the flow sensor is triggered. It gives a signal to the board to switch the three-way valve to DHW heating. When the mixer closes, the valve switches to the heating system. Some models are equipped with a "quick start" mode. Then the valve periodically switches, heats up both the first and the second heat exchanger.
Why does the boiler heat poorly, does not gain temperature
No hot water? Why is the technology not working? Sometimes it's about external factors. Let's consider in more detail.
The appliance works, but does not heat up or heats up weakly
Airlock. Check if air has accumulated in the batteries. Use faucets to remove excess air. If you do not have an air vent on the radiators, then you need to install one. Adjusting its faucet, you can release the accumulated air in the system.
Also inspect the valve for blockage. Most of the time it gets clogged up.
Clogged radiators. After cooling, drain the water from the pipes. If it is very dirty, run it through the batteries until a clean one flows.
Wrong connection. If there is no hot flow, make sure that the diameter of the pipes corresponds to those stated in the instructions. Are the hoses connected correctly, shut-off valves installed?
Low line pressure. It is not enough to open the valve and ignite the burner. Add water.
Accumulation of scale in the heat exchanger. You may notice that the equipment heats up the liquid for a long time, the batteries heat up slightly. Clean the radiator tubes from deposits. To do this, it is better to remove the knot, but this can not be done in all models. Therefore, remove the casing, disconnect the device from gas and water. Connect the pipes from the pump to the heat exchanger, run the cleaning liquid through the system. Special tools can be picked up in the store. Then rinse the parts with running water.
The addition of reagents to the heat transfer fluid helps to reduce the formation of salts on the parts.
When buying, it is important to pay attention to the brand and model of the boiler. For example, manufacturers of "", "", "", "", "" prohibit the use of a reagent. It is recommended to install cleaning filters or use distilled water.
Antifreeze can be applied to models, "", "", "", "", "". But for each manufacturer, a separate reagent is produced.
Filter clogged. Another reason for poor battery warm-up. The mesh filter is clogged with small debris, so it is periodically removed and cleaned under running water. In case of severe blockage or wear, it is better to replace the part.
Incorrect adjustment. Check the set values on the panel. Possibly chosen too low temperature, so the gas does not heat hot water.
Problems with the operation of the circulation pump. Overheating, the pump turns off when hot water is turned on. Its power may not be enough for normal circulation. Adjust settings.
Battery design does not match your equipment. Each design has its own permeability and heat transfer. The wrong choice leads to a decrease in heating due to the permeability of the system.
Non-compliance with the slope of the highway. The problem is typical for systems with natural circulation, which is ensured by compliance with installation standards. According to the documents, the slope of the pipes for each linear meter must be at least 10 mm. No slope - no heating. The coolant stagnates, the batteries remain cold.
The gas boiler does not turn on, does not provide hot water for domestic hot water
The main cause of malfunctions is salt deposits. The larger the scale layer in the heat exchanger, the worse the conductivity. The water heats up for a long time, a thin, slightly warm stream flows at the exit. Also, a piece of scale could break off and block the passage to the mixer. What to do in this situation, we described above.
Flow sensor problems. The part works on the principle of a fan, which rotates due to the movement of the flow. The sensor may not work if it is clogged. For cleaning without dismantling, open and close the tap located near the circulation pump.
If the procedure did not help restore operation, you will have to remove the sensor, clean it and reinstall it.
Three-way valve malfunction. If the valve is stuck or broken, it will not be possible to switch the water supply from the heating system to DHW. The cause of the problem could be a clogged part, gas hose or filter. Clean all elements.
There are many reasons for failures. To determine what problem has arisen in your circuit, the signs we have described will help. Pay attention to the operation of the technique and compare with the indicated problems. If you cannot fix the problem yourself, contact a specialist.
How to eliminate the clocking of a gas boiler in hot water mode
For heating and hot water supply of apartments and small private houses with one bathroom, double-circuit gas boilers. The owners of such boilers are often faced with the fact that either cold or hot water flows from the tap. As people say, the boiler is clocking, the DHW mode of the boiler periodically turns off and then turns on again.
The principles of adjustment described in this article, setting up the hot water supply system suitable for double-circuit gas boilers of many brands and manufacturers, as well as gas water heaters.
Why is the boiler either cold or hot water?
A double-circuit gas boiler in hot water supply (DHW) mode operates in the power range from minimum to maximum. For example, in the instruction manual for the Protherm Gepard 23 MTV boiler, it is indicated that with factory settings the maximum power is 23.3 kW., the boiler provides water heating for temperature difference dT=30 about C, at the maximum consumption of hot water 11.1 l/min.
Minimum boiler power in DHW mode 8.5 kW. It is not difficult to calculate that this minimum power is enough to heat water by the same temperature difference, for example dT=45-15=30 about C, with hot water consumption 4 l/min And for heating water flow 1.5 l/min, at which the boiler burner is turned on, it is necessary to operate the boiler with a power less than the minimum - only 3.15 kW.
Design modern faucets It is done taking into account the need to conserve water. In addition, boilers and columns have hot water flow limiters. For example, in a house with a boiler connected to the central water supply, the following results of measuring the maximum hot water flow were obtained: through the horn of the bath faucet 6 l/min., in washbasin 4 l/min., in the kitchen sink 5 l/min. It is convenient to measure the water flow in the taps if you call line d.36 of the service menu of the Protherm Gepard (Panther) boiler, or measure the time it takes to fill a 3-liter jar with water (there is a stopwatch in the smartphone).
Usually, in order to save money, users do not open the water taps for full flow. In addition, to obtain a comfortable temperature, hot water is always mixed with cold.
The burner of the boiler in the DHW mode turns on at a water flow of 1.5 l/min Turns off at 1.1 l/min This hysteresis is a protection against periodical switching on/off of the burner due to fluctuations in the flow rate.
Considering all these circumstances, the actual amount of water that the boiler should heat per minute will be approximately equal to - 1.5-4.5 l/min.
It is obvious that the difference between the factory settings of the minimum and maximum boiler power, designed for heating 4-11.1 liters per minute, and the power required to heat the actual flow in the tap, will be significant. Boiler burner power within the minimum and maximum power settings (8.5 - 23.3 kW) is controlled automatically. Obviously, there is a huge difference between the boiler power settings and the power required to heat the actual water flow (3.15 - 9.4 kW), leads to the fact that the boiler automation is not able to bring the boiler output in line with the needs of the DHW system.
A large excess of the factory-installed power of the gas boiler in the DHW mode over the power required to heat hot water in the taps of the users leads to the cycling (clocking) of hot water heating. The burner of the boiler in the DHW mode periodically turns on and off. Accordingly, from the tap comes either cold or hot water.
Setting, adjusting the temperature of hot water in the DHW system
Diagram of heating tap water by a double-circuit gas boiler depending on temperature ( T about C) and consumption ( Q l/min) hot water. The thick line shows the borders of the Working area. Gray zone, pos. 1
— boiler clocking zone (switching between ON/OFF). For normal water heating by the boiler, on the diagram, the point of intersection of the temperature and hot water flow lines (working point) must always be inside the working zone, the boundaries of which are shown on the diagram with a thick line.
If the hot water consumption mode is selected so that the operating point will be in the gray zone, pos. 1 in the diagram, the boiler will cycle. In this zone, with a small flow of water, the boiler power is excessive, the boiler is switched off from overheating, and then switched on again.
It can be seen from the diagram that the boiler can normally heat water only when the hot water flow from the tap is in a limited range, 4-9 l/min. With a low flow rate, the boiler power is excessive and it cycles. And with a large one, the boiler power is not enough to heat the water to the required temperature.
As mentioned above, there is no need to prepare large streams of hot water in the house. It is much more important to ensure comfortable use of hot water at a low consumption. To this end, the working area on the diagram must be moved to the left. It can be done if you reduce the power of the boiler burner by reducing the gas supply by adjusting the gas valve.
How not to deal with clocking
Some "experts" advise setting the hot water temperature lower, less than 45 o C, in order not to dilute the water in the mixer when parsing water, and open the taps to full passage. Thus, it is proposed to get rid of clocking, increasing the flow of heated water to the maximum. In many cases, this really helps, since the water flow and temperature fall into the working area on the diagram.
In DHW systems with a double-circuit boiler or with a gas water heater I don't recommend doing that, and that's why. With this method, you have to spend water, and hence gas, much more than necessary. In addition, it is always necessary to keep a large flow of water from the tap, it is impossible to regulate the temperature of the water with a mixer - all this creates discomfort in using hot water.
In addition, the display of a double-circuit boiler with a secondary DHW plate heat exchanger does not show the temperature of the hot water at the outlet of the boiler, but the temperature of the heating water at the outlet of the heating circuit of the DHW heat exchanger (return temperature from the DHW heat exchanger).
In systems with a double-circuit boiler, in which water is heated in the secondary DHW heat exchanger, the automation controls and maintains a constant temperature of the heating water at the outlet of the primary circuit of the DHW heat exchanger (return temperature from the DHW heat exchanger), and the temperature of the hot water at the outlet of the secondary circuit of the DHW heat exchanger is not controlled.
The temperature of the hot water at the outlet of the boiler will be as it turns out, depending on the degree of opening of the tap, on the temperature and pressure of the water in the water supply, on the thickness of the scale layer. That is, each time the tap is opened, the temperature of the hot water will be different.
Therefore, the required hot water temperature at the outlet of the boiler cannot be pre-set on the display. If you set the heating water temperature on the display, for example 50 about C, then the temperature of hot water from the tap will always be less, and less each time in different ways.
In a hot water system with a double-circuit boiler, it is more convenient to regulate the water temperature directly at the tap at the time of disassembly, mixing it with cold water in a mixer. To make this possible, it is necessary to have some margin for the temperature of the water at the outlet of the boiler.
For comfortable use of hot water from a double-circuit boiler or column, I recommend set the temperature on the display in DHW mode to 52 about S.
Temperature value 52 about C chosen for the following reasons:
- At a temperature of 54 about C and higher from tap water, an intensive release of hardness salts begins, which accumulate in the heat exchanger in the form of scale. Heating the water to a lower temperature protects the heat exchanger from scale deposits.
- Temperature 52 about C remains high enough and allows you to adjust the comfortable temperature of the water in the faucet by mixing hot water with a small amount of cold water. In rare cases, when more than heat(e.g. when filling a bath), it is more advantageous to increase the DHW temperature setting on the boiler display.
The intensity of scale deposits in hot water depends on the temperature and speed of water movement near the heating source. According to studies, in still water, when the water in the tank is heated, the stone begins to form already at a temperature of 40 °C. With a high flow rate of hot water in the flow heat exchanger, the stone begins to form at temperatures above 54 °C.
Setting the boiler burner output in DHW mode
In order for the boiler in the DHW mode to heat the water evenly, it does not cycle even when minimum flow water, it is necessary to reduce the burner power, by reducing the gas supply by adjusting the gas valve. Thus, the entire work area on the diagram will move to the left. To do this, on the gas valve, reduce the factory settings for the minimum and maximum pressure at the gas outlet from the valve, in front of the burner.
As a result of adjusting the gas valve, there will be no signs of clocking the burner in the DHW mode when the hot water flow changes over the entire range, from the maximum (6 l/min) to the minimum specified in the instructions (1.5 l/min). The temperature of hot water can be regulated by a mixer, changing the flow of water and mixing it with cold water within limited, but quite comfortable limits.
Adjustment, adjustment of the SIT gas valve
SIT gas valve. SIT gas valve. 1 - measuring fitting of gas pressure at the outlet of the valve, in front of the burner; 2 - adjusting nut for maximum pressure (flow) of gas; 3 - adjusting screw for minimum pressure (flow) of gas; 4 — cover of the adjusting device; 5 - measuring fitting of gas pressure at the valve inlet, in the gas network.
Manufacturers of double-circuit gas boilers of many brands install a gas valve from the Italian company SIT on the boilers. The settings for the maximum and minimum power of the boiler burner are made by turning the gas pressure adjusting screws located on the valve body.
A U-shaped pressure gauge is connected to the measuring fitting (1) to control the gas pressure in front of the burner. The gas pressure value corresponding to the minimum and maximum boiler power is indicated in the factory instructions. For example, for a Protherm Gepard 23 MTV boiler with a minimum power of 8.5 kW corresponds to pressure 15 mm w.c.(millimeters of water column). For maximum power 23.3 kW gas pressure at the fitting should be 85 mm w.c.
Adjustment of gas pressure in front of the burner in DHW mode
about C.
Remove the lid from the boiler and provide access to gas valve and the ability to observe the height of the flame in the burner. We recommend connecting a U-shaped manometer to the measuring socket (1) of the gas valve.
On the gas valve, remove the cover of the adjusting device (pos. 4 in the figure). The initial position of the adjusting devices - nuts and screws, relative to the body, mark with a colored marker, if it is necessary to restore their position.
with maximum water flow(horn in bathroom 6 l/min).
Adjust (reduce) the gas pressure in front of the burner using the nut for adjusting the maximum gas pressure (pos.2). When turning to the right, the gas supply increases, and when turning to the left, it decreases. The purpose of the adjustment is to find the limit when further rotation of the adjusting nut leads to a decrease in the height of the flame in the burner, to a decrease in the temperature of hot water from the tap and to a decrease in gas pressure at the measuring point (1). Leave the nut in a position close to the boundary found.
As a result, the maximum power of the boiler will become less, and the right border of the working area on the diagram will shift to the left, to the point with coordinates, for our example, 60 about C and 6 l/min.
Set the hot water temperature on the boiler display to 52 about C. (see above for setting the DHW temperature)
On the gas valve, disconnect the modulator power cable. The boiler will go into minimum power mode.
Turn on the DHW mode on the boiler by opening for the minimum flow hot water tap with sufficient water flow to turn on the boiler burner.
Adjust (reduce) the gas pressure in front of the burner using the minimum gas pressure adjustment screw (pos.3). When turning to the right, the gas supply increases, and when turning to the left, it decreases. Visually observe the height of the flame in the boiler burner. The purpose of the adjustment is to reduce the gas supply to the burner (flame height) so that the burner works continuously and the temperature of the hot water from the tap remains constant, the boiler does not clock.
As a result, the minimum power of the boiler will be reduced. The left border of the working area on the diagram will shift further to the left, to the point with coordinates, for our example, 52 about C and 2 l/min.
Do not attempt to reduce the minimum pressure at the outlet of the gas valve too much. A very small gas pressure on the burner can lead to a violation of the stability of combustion, to the breakdown and extinction of the flame.
Reconnect the modulator power cable and replace the modulator cover.
We control the gas pressure in the network
The gas pressure in the gas network may drop below that allowed for the operation of the boiler. It is necessary to periodically control the pressure, especially in cold weather, when the gas flow in the network is maximum.
Static pressure and dynamic pressure are measured at the boiler inlet. Static pressure is when the boiler does not consume gas. The dynamic pressure is measured at the maximum gas flow rate of the boiler.
The pressure in the gas network, at the inlet of the gas valve, is measured by attaching a tube of a U-shaped pressure gauge to the fitting pos.5. To measure the dynamic pressure, open the hot water tap to the full passage.
The normal dynamic gas pressure at the gas valve inlet should be between 1.3 - 2.5 kPa (13 - 25 mbar or 132 - 255 mm. water. Art.). If during the measurement the value of the dynamic pressure goes beyond the specified limits, then it is necessary to contact the gas service.
How to measure the gas inlet pressure and adjust the minimum and maximum gas pressure at the outlet of the SIT gas valve, see this video.
A simple manometer for measurements on a gas valve can be made from a transparent plastic tube, filled with water and bent in the shape of a U. One end of the tube is put on the valve fitting, and the other is left open. The ruler measures the difference in water levels in the branches of the tube. The measured distance will be equal to the pressure in millimeters of the water column - mm w.c..
On the gas valve fitting, you can tightly pull a tube with an inner diameter of 8 mm. For a tube of a different diameter, you will have to select an adapter.
At the end of the measurement, do not forget to carefully tighten the locking screw on the measuring nipple and check its tightness.
Adjustment, adjustment of the Honeywell gas valve
Gas valve Honeywell gas boiler. The yellow wired connector is mounted on the stepper motor. Some modern boilers, such as Protherm Gepard and Protherm Panther, have Honeywell gas valves.
The gas pressure setting at the outlet of the Honeywell gas valve is changed using a stepper motor. The stepper motor of the gas valve is controlled from the boiler control panel through the service menu.
We will consider setting up a gas valve with a stepper motor through the service menu using the example of Protherm Gepard and Protherm Panther gas boilers.
Access to the Protherm boiler service menu
The electromechanical devices of the boiler (electrovalves, stepper and conventional electric motors, sensors) are controlled by the microprocessor of the electronic control board in accordance with the programmed program.
The settings of the boiler operation program can be changed on the control panel using two menus - a public user and hidden service menu.
Access to the service menu of the Gepard boiler
The Protherm Gepard boiler is controlled from the control panel through the public user menu. How the owner manages the boiler is written in the instruction manual.
On the control panel, you can call up another hidden menu - a service menu intended for specialists. The service menu becomes available on the display screen after entering the code.
Press and hold the mode button (1) for about 7 seconds; the display will change - a number will appear 0
. - With buttons +
or -
(2), enter code, number 35
. - Confirm the code entry by pressing the mode button (1). After that, the display will show the 1st menu line in the form of symbols interspersed on the screen: d. 0.
Buttons + or - d.**.
Press the "mode" button to change from menu bar number designation " d.**” to the parameter value (the display alternates between the “=” symbol and the parameter value). - Change the values of the displayed parameters using the + or - buttons (3) on the boiler panel. - 3 seconds after the change, the new values are automatically confirmed. To reset the display, press the "mode" button for 3 seconds. After 15 minutes of inactivity, the display returns to normal on its own.
Access to the service menu of the Panther boiler (Panther)
The control panel of the Protherm Panther boiler has some differences from the Protherm Gepard boiler. The boiler control panel has a hidden service menu, which becomes available when entering the code.
To access the service menu of the Protherm Panther boiler (Panther), you must: Press and hold the mode button (1) for about 7 seconds; the display will change. - By using buttons on the left + or - (2), enter the access code in the service menu - the number 35 in the left half of the display. - Confirm the code entry by pressing the mode button (1).
After that, the display will show the 1st line of the menu in the form of symbols d.00 with the menu line number in the left half of the display, and the numeric value of the line parameter in the right half of the display. - By using buttons on the left +
or -
(2), enter the number with the required menu line number: d.**.
To change the value of a parameter in the menu bar:- Change the values of the displayed line parameters with buttons on the right + or - (3) on the boiler panel. - 3 seconds after the change, the new values are automatically confirmed. To reset the display, press the "mode" button for 3 seconds. After 15 minutes of inactivity, the display returns to normal on its own.
The service menu commands and the procedure for setting the power of the Protherm Panther boiler (Panther) are similar to those given for the Protherm Gepard boiler.
Description of some service menu commands
Line d.36- shows on the display the hot water consumption measured by the flow sensor, l/min. when dispensing hot water (read-only).
Let's determine the consumption of hot water in our apartment (in the house). Line d.36 of the service menu shows on the display the hot water consumption measured by the flow sensor, l/min. We display the line parameter d.36 on the display, then open the DHW taps in the apartment (in the house) one by one to full flow and record the water consumption readings from the display.
Line d.52- setting the minimum power of the boiler burner by shifting the minimum position of the stepper motor of the Honeywell gas valve. The range of possible parameter values is from =0 to =99. How less value parameter, the weaker the intensity of gas combustion.
Line d.53- setting the maximum power of the boiler burner by shifting the maximum position of the gas valve stepper motor Honeywell. The range of possible parameter values is from =0 to =-99 (negative values with a minus sign). The smaller the value of the parameter, the weaker the intensity of gas combustion.
Line d.88- Protection against water hammer in the distribution of cold water (for boilers KTV and KOV) . The ability to change the parameter leads to the elimination of the reaction to water hammer, which occurs in some cases in cold water pipelines. For example, at the time of closing automatic valve in the toilet flush tank (or washing machine, or dishwasher), a pressure surge (water hammer) may occur in the water pipes. This may result in a false operation of the tap water flow sensor (turbine), which will lead to a short-term unwanted activation of the boiler's DHW mode. Factory setting 0 = activation of the ignition process for heating tap water at a flow rate of 1.5 l/min. Changing the parameter to value 1 = activation of the ignition process for heating tap water at a flow rate of 3.7 l/min. In this case, the duration of the flow must be at least 2 seconds.
Line d.96- Setting the boiler to the parameters set from the factory. In case the setting leads to incorrect operation or failures, it is possible to restore the factory settings of the boiler. Setting: 0 - replacement with factory settings will not be performed; 1 - will return to the factory settings Note: when you enter the setting of this parameter, the display always shows the parameter "0".
Setting, adjusting the minimum power of the boiler with a Honeywell gas valve
The boiler manufacturer Protherm Gepard (Panther) on some versions of the boilers, instead of the Honeywell gas valve, installs the SIT 845 Sigma gas valve. The setting of this valve is described above. There are no lines d.52 and d.53 in the service menu of Protherm boilers with SIT valve.
Setting the maximum gas pressure:
On the boiler display, set the maximum hot water heating temperature to 60 about C.
We remove the cover from the boiler and provide access to the gas valve and the ability to observe the height of the flame in the burner. I recommend connecting a U-shaped pressure gauge to the measuring fitting at the valve outlet.
Turn on the DHW mode on the boiler by opening the hot water tap to full flow with maximum water flow(horn in bathroom 6 l/min).
d.53, press the “mode” button and see on the display the value of the gas valve stepper motor position parameter in the maximum power mode. For example, on a new boiler, the factory setting of the maximum power parameter in the line d.53 was = -17 .
Decrease the value of the parameter in line d.53 step by step and fix the result. For example, set the line to =-30 (minus 30 is less than minus 17) and press "mode" for the changes to take effect. We look at the height of the flame in the burner and the value of the gas pressure. They haven't changed.
The purpose of the adjustment is to find the limit when a further decrease in the parameter in line d.53 leads to a decrease in the height of the flame in the burner and to a decrease in gas pressure at the measuring point. In our example, the flame height and pressure began to decrease when the parameter in line d.53 was set to less than = -70 (remember, factory setting = -17)
As a result, the right border of the working area on the diagram will shift to the left, to the point with coordinates, for our example, 60 about C and 6 l/min. The maximum power of the boiler will be reduced.
Setting the minimum gas pressure in front of the burner:
To adjust the gas valve, the boiler is switched to DHW mode. For this, we open for the minimum pass hot water tap with a flow rate sufficient to turn on the boiler burner.
In the service menu, select the line d.52, press the “mode” button and see on the display the value of the gas valve stepper motor position parameter in the minimum power mode. For example, on a new boiler, the factory setting of the minimum power parameter in the line d.52 was = 72 and the burner cycled in DHW mode.
We carry out experiments - reduce the value of the parameter in the line d.52 =60 , press "mode" to make the changes take effect, and check the result. If the clock has not stopped, then we also reduce the parameter in the line d.52 = 50 and observe the change in the temperature of the hot water in the tap. So, step by step, we reduce the parameter in line d.52 until we achieve the absence of temperature fluctuations at a comfortable water flow.
We reduce clocking to an acceptable comfortable level. Do not attempt to reduce the minimum pressure at the outlet of the gas valve too much. A very small gas pressure on the burner can lead to a violation of the stability of combustion, to the breakdown and extinction of the flame.
For example, on a new boiler, the temperature of hot water in the tap reached 52 about C, after setting in line d.52 parameter =30 (remember, the factory setting was =72). There were no signs of burner cycling in the DHW mode when the flow rate changed in the entire range, from the maximum (6 l/min) to a minimum of 1.5 l/min. The temperature of hot water can be adjusted with a mixer, changing the flow rate of water and mixing it with cold water within limited, but quite comfortable limits.
How will the settings of the gas valve for domestic hot water affect heating
Reducing the pressure setting at the outlet of the DHW gas valve will also lead to a slight decrease in the boiler output in heating mode. But in most cases, the maximum output of a combi boiler is chosen to cover water heating requirements that exceed the required output for the heating system.
For our example, the maximum boiler power will decrease from 23.3 kW. up to 12-14 kW. This power will be enough to heat a house with a heated area of up to 140 m 2.
The maximum power of a double-circuit boiler is usually more than is necessary for heating operation. Therefore, after setting the DHW mode, in most cases, it is enough to increase the maximum power setting when the boiler is operating in heating mode. How to do it
If the boiler power in heating mode is still insufficient, you will have to restore the factory settings of the gas valve. In this case, to eliminate the DHW clocking, I recommend connecting a boiler to the boiler.
About the disadvantages of reducing the boiler power settings
The service manual for the Protherm Gepard 23 MTV boiler indicates its efficiency in heating mode: 93.2% at maximum heat output (23.3 kW.) and 79.4% when operating at minimum power (8.5 kW.) Imagine how the efficiency will decrease even more if this boiler has to work with a minimum power of 4 kW. Please note that a double-circuit boiler during the year most of the time operates in heating and hot water mode with a minimum power. At least 1/4 of the consumed gas will literally fly uselessly into the pipe. But clocking, as already mentioned above, also reduces the efficiency of the boiler, leads to excessive consumption of water and gas, and makes the use of water uncomfortable.
In the comments to the article, the reader Sergey writes:“The manufacturer did not just set the minimum and maximum power of the boiler. According to you, if it were all so simple, then the manufacturer, with the help of its service representatives, would reconfigure the boilers as you are talking about it. But the manufacturer in these cases insists to deal with the pressure and not with the boiler. As I understand it, this is due to the fact that changing the minimum / maximum range on the burner is dangerous, for the boiler in the first place. If the pressure of the supplied gas to the burner is lowered, the flame will go down, in which case the burner will be damaged over time?
And this is my answer to Sergey:“My boiler has been working for the fifth year. Every summer I clean and inspect the burner. I don't see any signs of damage or overheating. I do the same for others. There is no protection against low gas pressure on the boilers. So the manufacturer believes that it is not dangerous.
Low pressure is dangerous for boilers with burners, in which the gas is pre-mixed with air and already ready mix comes out of the burner. Then yes, at low pressure, the flame can even slip into the inside of the burner and really damage the burner.
Most household boilers do not have a burner like this. There is a danger of extinguishing, blowing out the flame, but the boilers have protection that will turn off the boiler and give an error.
The choice is up to the owner - either live with clocking, or change settings, or buy a boiler or another boiler.
Manufacturers, sellers and specialists actually deceive buyers, with rare exceptions, they do not inform them about the cycle time of a double-circuit boiler at low water consumption. Buyers think that there will be normal hot water at the minimum flow rate specified in the instructions, and then it turns out that this is not the case. Reconfiguring greatly reduces the efficiency of the boiler. This information is not in the instructions and descriptions for users. If all this was explained to buyers, they would buy other boilers.”
We choose the power of a gas boiler for the house correctly
Most gas-fired double-circuit boilers that are commercially available are designed to operate with a minimum heat output. over 8 kW.
Some manufacturers began to "cunning". In the boiler control program, limit maximum heat output in heating mode. And indicate its value in the designation of the brand of the boiler. Boilers appeared on sale with an indication of the power in the brand of the boiler, for example - 12 kW. At the same time, in the boiler passport, the maximum power in the DHW mode remains 20 - 24 kW., and the minimum in all modes is more than 8 kW.
On sale you can also find double-circuit gas boilers with a maximum heat output of 20 - 24 kW. and minimum less than 5 kW. Such boilers are best suited to the needs of heating and hot water systems of small private houses and apartments. At maximum power, the boiler operates in DHW mode. At minimum power - in heating mode.
For the preparation of hot water and heating houses and apartments with a heated area up to 120 m 2, with one bathroom, I recommend installing double-circuit gas boilers with an extended operating power range:
- with a maximum power of 20 - 24 kW.
- and minimum less than 5 kW.
Filter at the heating water inlet to the DHW heat exchanger
Problems with hot water heating sometimes arise and are aggravated due to clogging of the filter installed at the heating water inlet to the DHW plate heat exchanger. The filter protects the DHW plate heat exchanger from dirt from the heating circuit.
If the filter is heavily clogged with dirt, then in DHW mode this most often manifests itself as an error: “overheating of the primary circuit at the supply (NTC2)”. The overheating protection is activated and the boiler is switched off.
For all brands of boilers, the filter is removed in different ways. But this procedure usually does not present any particular difficulties. No special tool is required. But it would be better to find instructions, a website, pictures or videos on the Internet on this topic. For the first time, you can invite a service specialist and see how he removes the filter.
Cleaning the hot water filter of double-circuit gas boilers Protherm Gepard and Panther (Panther)
1 - mounting rails, heat exchanger holders; 2 - holder screw; 3 - gasket; 4 - heating water filter at the inlet to the heat exchanger; 5 - DHW heat exchanger of a gas boiler; To clean the DHW heat exchanger filter:
- Close the taps on the supply and return of heating water.
- Open the drain valve on the boiler, on the right under the pump, and drain the heating water from the boiler.
- Close the tap at the cold water inlet and disconnect the cold water tube from the boiler. Water will drain from the boiler through the open cold water pipe. Open the hot water taps to completely empty the DHW tract from the water.
- Remove screws (2) and holder (1) from both sides of the plate heat exchanger.
- Remove the DHW plate heat exchanger (5). The body of the plate heat exchanger is pressed with mounting rails to the base. After the tires are removed, pull the heat exchanger up and remove it.
- Remove spacers (3).
- Remove the filter (4) from the hydro group.
- Clean the filter and put everything back.
It is recommended to change the gaskets between the heat exchanger and the base (3) every time during installation. DHW heat exchanger gasket, rubber ring: 22.2x13.5x5 mm. From the inside - an annular recess. Article number: 0020014166 (10 pieces).
When reinstalling, check the correct location of the heat exchanger - the markings on its side wall should look forward. I encourage you to take a moment and descale the heat exchanger removed from the boiler. How to do this - read the following article on this topic.
Individual heating and hot water supply have long ceased to be something unusual. It is convenient and practical, besides, it allows you not to depend on the whims of utilities. Well, if some kind of trouble suddenly happens, for example, it turns out that the boiler does not heat water, then you will have to fix the breakdown on your own.
No, this does not mean that you have to arm yourself with a tool and start repairs yourself - for this there are specialized companies that provide such services. If the heating boiler works properly, but does not heat the water, then the specialists will repair it, adjust the boiler in accordance with your wishes, and, if necessary, flush the heating system. All work will be done to a high standard and guaranteed.
Modern gas boilers are reliable and powerful heating devices that also perform the function of heating water. They successfully combine seemingly incompatible things - unsurpassed efficiency and compact size. But their uninterrupted operation is possible only under the condition of regular Maintenance, detection and elimination of the slightest faults.
Malfunctions of heating boilers
Basically, major faults begin to appear during heating season when two boiler circuits are operating - heating and water heating. It may happen that it does not start at all, or it does not heat well enough. With the launch, the issue will have to be resolved separately, but if it does not heat the water enough, then the reason may be the clogging of the heat exchanger. As you know, the quality of water in our systems is far from ideal, moreover, few users install filters in front of the boiler. mechanical cleaning. So there is a clogging of the heat exchanger, the result of which is bad job boiler.
Here are the most common malfunctions of gas boilers in the event of which it weakly heats water:
- randomly shuts off periodically
- smokes heavily,
- does not develop enough power,
- making noise
- clogged
- the pump is broken.
If it so happened that the gas boiler does not heat the water, then often the reason is the formation of limescale on the walls of the heat exchanger, which, as it accumulates, becomes very durable and not only reduces the temperature of the water, but also reduces the throughput of the boiler. The thermal conductivity of scale is ten times less than metal, so it is not surprising that the boiler does not heat water. If no preventive measures are taken, then very soon the boiler will have to be completely disassembled and deposits removed mechanically.
Only timely flushing of heat exchangers can help this trouble, and it should be done regularly, especially if cleaning and softening filters are not installed in front of the boiler. For washing, special chemicals, but they should be used with great care, since they are equally destructive to lime deposits and the material from which the heat exchanger is made. It is best to invite a specialist for this purpose.
For safe and effective work gas boiler, preventive maintenance is recommended. It is advisable to do this regularly before the start of the heating season; you should not wait for the situation when the boiler does not heat water. This approach will ensure its long service life and economical operation. Overhaul is carried out as necessary by an employee of the service center - it is strictly forbidden to do this on your own.
See also:
www.bwt.ru
The boiler is working, but the batteries are cold
Cats on cold batteries do not sleep.
The efficiency of the entire heating system directly depends on the efficiency of the boiler. Malfunctions of the main heating equipment negatively affect the efficiency of the heating circuit of the house, lead to excessive energy consumption. That is why any breakdowns, even the most insignificant ones, are given special attention. The feelings of people are quite understandable if the boiler is working and the batteries are cold. After all, this not only reduces the level of comfort in the house, but also entails expensive repairs. To properly solve a problem, you need to understand its essence. And only a specialist can correctly establish the reasons why the boiler does not heat the batteries. They also read: “Why do heating batteries heat up badly?”.
Boiler malfunctions
Common Problems with the operation of heating equipment:
- malfunction of the built-in pump;
- the heat exchanger is clogged;
- three-way valve does not work.
If the boiler is working, the radiators are cold, experts recommend, first of all, to evaluate technical condition main heating element. More specifically, to establish whether the circulation pump built into the device is working. This detail is an invariable attribute of modern equipment and is designed to increase the efficiency of its work. Very often, after a long period of inactivity in the summer, the pump may become clogged or covered with a layer of limescale. As a result, it is untimely to remove the heated coolant from the heat exchanger. The boiler is boiling, and the batteries are cold.
It is strictly forbidden to independently repair such complex equipment as a boiler. In this case, either a specialist from the service center is called to the house, or a repairman who has the appropriate certificate or permission.
Experts do not recommend using ordinary tap water as a coolant, as it is hard. Dissolved salts, when the temperature of the coolant rises, settle on the heat exchanger. As a result, the following problem arises: the boiler is working, and the batteries are slightly warm. Scale reduces the thermal conductivity of the heat exchanger, so the water in the circuit does not heat up, although the heating element constantly works with an excessive consumption of energy. You can fix the problem by changing the coolant and cleaning the heat exchanger. How to clean the heat exchanger correctly, the video will help you figure it out:
A double-circuit boiler heats water, but does not heat batteries. Here you need to pay attention to the serviceability of the three-way electric valve. It is responsible for switching the bypass from heating circuit service mode to DHW and CO mode.
Before you make a heating register with your own hands, familiarize yourself with the technical base.
Why antifreeze for radiators can not always be used? The answer is here.
Problems with the heating circuit
The pump must be selected according to the requirements of the heating circuit.
Failures in the operating mode of the heating circuit are not always associated with a malfunction of the main heating element. If the boiler works, but does not heat the batteries, the reason must be sought in the wiring itself.
The list of the main malfunctions of the heating circuit:
- the filter on the return line or the needle valve (Mayevsky's crane) is clogged;
- insufficient power of the circulation pump;
- the rules for installing a heating circuit with natural circulation are not observed.
Any of the above problems should be addressed before the start of the heating season. Otherwise, the room may be left without heat for several days, since the repair involves the complete draining of the coolant.
So, why does the boiler not heat the batteries if everything worked fine over the previous years? The reason is a mud plug, which has formed on the filter of the heating circuit and by itself completely blocks the flow of the coolant. It is solved simply - the water is drained from the pipes or with the help of bypasses its circulation is blocked, the filter is cleaned. To prevent the recurrence of such a situation, it is necessary to make a complete replacement of the coolant with parallel flushing of the entire circuit.
In a gravity system, the slope of the pipes is of key importance.
The second reason why the boiler is working and the batteries are cold is the insufficient power of the circulation pump. The performance of the device is not enough to timely and efficiently pump the entire volume of coolant. Or in the house, the heating system has branches that are at a significant distance from the pump. As a result, the circulation pump overheats, the heating equipment works with excessive energy consumption, and the radiators remain cold. The solution is to change the coolant pumping device to a more powerful one.
If the house has a two-pipe heating circuit with natural water circulation, and during the heating season it is often noticed that the boiler is on and the batteries are cold, then the reason lies in the non-compliance with the slope of the main. According to regulatory documentation, only a pipe slope of 10 mm per linear meter in a heating system with natural circulation will ensure the normal movement of the coolant. As a result - uniform heating of the batteries throughout the house. If there is no slope, the coolant stagnates, which negatively affects the temperature of the radiators. You can solve the problem by completely redoing the wiring.
Is it possible to do heating in the garage on antifreeze for cars?
What liquid for cleaning heating systems to choose? Selection criteria are described here.
Why are the batteries cold when the boiler is running?
The low efficiency of the heating system can be the result of malfunctions of both the circuit itself and the main heating element. In the case of a heating device, it is necessary to pay attention to the three-way valve, the functionality of the pump and the technical condition of the heat exchanger. Typical problems for heating distribution are clogging of the filter, insufficient power of the circulation pump and lack of slope of the pipes of the circuit with natural water circulation.
utepleniedoma.com
The boiler does not heat water
This video is the solution to your problem!
Watch until the end and you do not need to call a specialist.
Without boilers in the climatic zones of Russia, one cannot survive. And this also applies to the warmest areas, Sochi, Anapa and Rostov-on-Don. Winters are still harsh and people cannot survive without heating. Therefore do without heating systems and hot water is definitely not available. And only boiler houses can provide the city with all this. Today we will consider the reasons why the boiler does not heat water - how to solve this problem and what to do for this......
They are very different. It all depends on the heat source. They can be either steam or water. They may vary in location. If the house itself decided to build its own boiler room, then a specially separate room in the house can be allocated for it. Or they make extensions to the house for these purposes. One of the main requirements for the construction of boiler rooms is good ventilation.
If the boiler works with steam, then very high demands are made on the quality of water purification, and then on steam. Therefore, to do on such boiler houses without a whole complex cleaning plants definitely won't work. This includes the AquaShield electromagnetic softeners, which are highly valued by boiler house employees today.
If a gas boiler suddenly stops heating water, the reasons may be different, but most often when using water from a central water supply without softening installations, lime deposits may be the cause. And hard and poorly eliminated. The table shows possible signs of the cause of the boiler shutdown due to scale.
Other reasons for stopping the boiler are simpler. Maybe a piece of scale can get stuck in the pipe and block normal operation, and a crack in gas boiler may also contribute to the shutdown. But in these cases, there will definitely not be scale residues on the walls of the equipment. If the boiler room does not have water softeners for boilers or treatment facilities, then the root cause of course is the hardness of the water. If the treatment facilities are standing, and the equipment was checked recently, then most likely this is not the problem.
If the video did not help you, then try installing anti-scale filters (polyphosphate or electromagnetic) in front of the boiler. Because hard water and scale are the root cause of malfunctions and breakdowns of gas boilers!
In any case, if there is no cleaning in the system, then you will have to urgently deal with this cause and solve it. For boiler rooms, there are a number of water softening devices that are suitable:
- AquaShield;
- Ultrafiltration and conditioning for steam boilers;
- Ion exchange for economical consumers of gas boilers
The most wasteful process of purification and softening will be in steam boilers. There will have to remove not just all organic and inorganic impurities. Even dissolved gases will have to be removed. Degassing is quite troublesome and costly. But the operation of the boiler depends on the quality of the steam. This is where membrane softeners work to make the water completely isolated.
AquaShield is chosen by many consumers of gas boilers for the simple reason that it does not need to be looked after and it does not need to be spent on it. But its biggest advantage for boiler equipment has been and remains the ability to remove old lime deposits even in the most difficult places. Usually, to eliminate such residues, the equipment needs to be untwisted, the spare parts are soaked in aggressive acidic environments and kept there for up to two hours. But even after boiler water treatment, it is necessary to clean the surfaces with metal brushes or cleaners. If your gas boiler does not heat water to the desired temperature, then the reason is scale deposits. The electromagnet does all this work without damaging surfaces, at the molecular level.
vodopodgotovka-vodi.ru
Causes and remedies for poor heating of radiators and radiators, as well as the entire system
Change temperature regime heating operation can be caused by a number of internal reasons. Many of them negatively affect the efficiency of the system, increasing energy costs. In such cases, a reasonable question arises - why does the heating not heat up: radiators, batteries, pumps, systems? The first step is to find the causes of the problem.
General heating problems
General scheme autonomous heating works The principle of operation of any heating system is the efficient transfer of thermal energy from an energy carrier (gas, solid fuel, diesel, etc.) to water in pipes. The task of heating devices (radiators, batteries, pipes) is to transfer the received heat to the room.
And if the heating battery does not heat up, the reasons for this may lie both in the design itself and in the parameters of the system as a whole. Consider the common reasons for the decrease in the efficiency of the heating system:
- Low efficiency of the boiler heat exchanger. Water is not heated to the desired temperature;
- A specific heating battery does not heat well. Possible reasons - improper installation, the formation of air pockets;
- Change specifications systems - an increase in hydrodynamic resistance in certain sections of the pipeline, a decrease in the passage diameter of pipes, etc. Most often, the consequence of such phenomena is that the heating circulation pump is very hot.
In some cases, not one, but several of the listed problems occur. Often the main cause is the root cause of the appearance of the following. Thus, the formation of an air lock affects the increase in hydrodynamic resistance, and as a result, there is an increased load on the circulation pump.
Do not install decorative grilles or cover it with a panel on a radiator with poor heating. Thus, even so, the small efficiency of its work will be artificially reduced.
The radiator does not heat up
The design of the heating radiator Most often, problems with normal heat transfer occur in heating radiators. This is due to their specific design - the coolant does not move through one pipe, as in the transport line, but is distributed over several.
In what cases does the heating radiator not heat up? There are several factors that directly affect the correct operation of the battery.
Air pockets in heating
Installed Mayevsky crane There are several reasons for the appearance of air locks in the heating system - exceeding the temperature regime, evaporation of water, etc. It is important that the consequence of this is the appearance of places in the line that are not filled with coolant. Most often these are radiators. To eliminate them, it is necessary to install a Mayevsky crane - an air valve that releases excess air from the device.
How to determine why the heating radiator does not heat well? The simplest method is the temperature difference on the surface. At the place of formation of an air lock, it will be much lower, thereby preventing the normal passage of the coolant. To fix it, follow these steps:
- With the help of a screwdriver or a rotary lever, the Mayevsky tap is opened;
- Add water to the system until the coolant begins to flow out of the tap together with air;
- Shut off the water supply.
After starting the heating system, the surface of the radiator should heat evenly. Otherwise, repeat the procedure.
For normal heating of the heating radiator, you need to install an adjusting thermostat. Depending on the set temperature mode, it will automatically adjust the volume of the coolant.
Incorrect installation and limescale in pipes
Radiator connection diagrams The efficiency of its operation depends on the correct installation of the radiator. It should not be inclined relative to the plane of the floor and wall. If this condition has not been met, then the question will inevitably arise - why the heating battery does not heat up.
To check the correct installation of the radiator, you can take a standard building level. If the upper plane of the battery has deviations, re-installation should be performed. It is best to use new reinforced mounts for this.
If, after this, the question of why the heating radiator does not heat up remains unresolved, it is recommended to flush the heating system. This problem is relevant for old pipes and radiators made of steel and cast iron. Over time, a lime layer accumulates on the inner surface, preventing the normal flow of the coolant. There are several ways to perform the flushing procedure:
- Hydraulic. A special pump is connected to the system circuit, which creates a large pressure of water. Under the influence of this force, the scale is broken into small fractions and retained in the pump filter;
- Chemical. Special additives act on limescale, which loses its uniformity and flakes off the inner surface. Subsequently, hydraulic flushing is performed to remove residual debris.
Experts recommend using an integrated method to solve the problem in which the heating battery does not heat up. After checking the correctness of the installation, the system is flushed, and then the correct filling is performed with the Mayevsky tap open.
If a two-pipe heating system does not heat up due to clogged pipes, you need to carefully choose the cleaning technology. For pipelines made of polypropylene, chemical cleaning cannot be done.
The boiler does not heat the batteries
Boiler heat exchanger before and after cleaningOften, a two-pipe heating system does not heat due to the low heat transfer rate of the boiler exchange circuit. This leads to a decrease in the temperature regime and, as a result, a loss in the efficiency of the entire system. Not every boiler model provides for an easy way to dismantle the heat exchanger. If the heating does not heat well due to the appearance of plaque on the internal elements of the boiler, you can flush without this procedure. To do this, you need a pump with a filtration system. The procedure for cleaning is as follows:
- Disconnecting the boiler from the general heating system;
- Connection to the inlet and outlet pipe of the pump hoses;
- Filling a special cleaning liquid into the boiler heat exchanger;
- By using centrifugal pump the rate of passage of liquid through the boiler increases.
After that, the heating batteries should not heat up badly. Particular attention should be paid to the flushing liquid. She shouldn't hurt metal elements boiler and systems. Therefore, at the end of the procedure, rinse the entire system with distilled water.
To avoid the appearance of scale, before pouring water into the heating system, it is necessary to reduce its hardness index. The use of running water is not recommended as it contains large amounts of calcium and magnesium bicarbonates. They are the main source of lime scale not only in the boiler heat exchanger, but also in pipes and radiators.
The best way to clean the heat exchanger is to dismantle it. So you can not only remove the entire amount of scale, but also make sure its integrity. After this procedure, the heating system should not heat up badly.
Pipelines: causes of low heating
Determination of air pockets in batteries using a thermal imager Failures in the heating mode are characteristic of a two-pipe heating system. In this case, the supply line does not heat, distributing the coolant to the radiators. Identification of the "problem" zone can be done by measuring the temperature on the surface of pipes or a thermal imager.
natural circulation
The slope of the pipe for heating with natural circulationWhat could be causing such problems? If the heating does not warm well, the slope of the main line may not be observed. This only applies to systems with natural circulation. According to the standards, the slope of the pipes should be 10 mm per 1 r.m. In addition, the direction is taken into account - from the accelerating riser to the radiators. For the return pipe, the slope must be towards the boiler.
At the first stage, it is necessary to measure this indicator using the building level. If it corresponds to the norm, but the heating radiator does not heat, there is a possibility of air locks. In this case, an integrated approach is recommended, which includes the following steps:
- Tilt angle measurement. If necessary, change it to the required indicator;
- Flushing pipes to remove limescale;
- Filling the system with coolant with open Mayevsky taps on radiators.
This technique will eliminate the low rate of heat transfer of the heating system.
To improve circulation in open systems you can install a circulation pump. If it overheats, you need to mount an additional one. This is often necessary for branched heating systems.
Forced coolant circulation
The principle of operation of the air ventFor a system with forced movement of water in the pipes, the formation of air pockets can be avoided by using an air vent installed at the top of the system. In part, it performs the functions of an open expansion tank, but it does not reduce the pressure in the pipes to a critical level. Its absence is an indirect cause of poor heating of the heating radiator.
The specificity of closed heating systems lies in the optional observance of the level of pipe installation. However, when the critical level of heating of the coolant is exceeded, steam is released, which is the main cause of air locks. Since air has a lower density than water, it will concentrate in the upper region of the pipeline sections. If heating radiators in a closed system do not heat well, the reason may be a decrease in the volume of coolant in the pipes due to air resistance.
What needs to be done in this case? First of all - check the performance of the air vents. If the valve is left idle for a long time, the valve may become covered with limescale, which makes it impossible to open it with air pressure.
In addition to this factor, it is necessary to take into account the excess of hydraulic resistance in the system. That is why the battery in heating does not heat up if the initial calculation is wrong. Therefore, before proceeding with the installation of a new system or the modernization of an old one, it is necessary to fulfill the calculated part of the operational and technical parameters:
- Selection of pipes of the appropriate diameter - the larger it is, the less hydrodynamic resistance. However, this increases the volume of water;
- The probability that a two-pipe heating system will not heat is much less than that of a single-pipe one. Therefore, it is preferable to install radiators with parallel connection;
- Heating of the heating circulation pump occurs due to incorrectly selected power. It directly depends on the calculated hydrodynamic parameters.
For what reasons can the heating battery not heat up? This may be due to an incorrectly selected radiator model. Each of them has a certain heat transfer coefficient depending on thermal regime system operation. These data are indicated in the device passport. If you choose the wrong model, then even with the ideal operation of the heating system, the radiator simply will not heat up to the required temperature.
The video shows the main causes of poor heating of the radiator for a single-pipe heating system: