Infrared rays are gaining increasing popularity as a heat source.
A large number of offices, residential buildings and outbuildings are equipped with such heaters.
Not everyone knows that there is an inexpensive alternative to IR heaters - an infrared lamp for heating small areas. Let's consider this option in more detail.
If an IR heater is a full-fledged independent unit, then infrared lamps for heating are a low-power emitter, similar in appearance to a light bulb, which is screwed into a standard E27 ceramic socket.
The radiation source is a halogen lamp with a tungsten filament, which is located in a flask with an argon-nitrogen mixture.
There are models of lamps that seem to be built into the lamp, thanks to the mirror surface of which the rays are directed in the desired direction.
Technical characteristics of infrared lamps for indoor use:
- Voltage – 220 V.
- Power – from 50 to 500 W.
- Max. temperature – 600 0 C.
- IR waves in the range of 3.5-5 microns.
- Service life - more than 6 thousand. hours.
- Price – from 250 rub./piece.
Some models are made of materials that are strong enough to withstand moisture, temperature changes and chemicals.
Operating principle
The radiation of IR lamps is like that of the sun, only without ultraviolet radiation. Heat directly affects objects, living organisms and plants that are nearby.
Lamps come in red and white light. Reds give more heat, but are not suitable for lighting. They are often used by livestock and poultry farmers.
Use only a ceramic socket for the infrared lamp. Plastic can melt from high temperatures.
Varieties
The average statistical indicator for calculating power is 1 kW per 10 m 2. This indicator must be adjusted for insufficient thermal insulation (cold floor, drafty windows, etc.). If t environment about +10 0 C, for 10 m 2 600 W will be enough.
Red mirror infrared lamp
Lamps are:
- Mirrored (similar to regular ones). Example: IKZ-500 W
- Red mirror. Example: IKZK-125 W.
- Blue mirror. IKZS-125 W.
- In the form of a tube with a diameter of 10mm. Length 30 cm. Example: NIK-1000 W.
Do not touch a working lamp - you will get severe burns! The surface on which the lamp is mounted must withstand 80 degrees. Lamps should not be placed too close to surfaces to prevent them from overheating.
Benefits of use
They can be used on small spaces– balconies, kiosks, winter gardens, bathrooms, chicken coops, etc. A small lamp power will not be an excessive burden on the budget.
In this case:
- For IR lamps high efficiency, because heat reaches objects with virtually no loss.
- Warming up occurs quite quickly.
- There is a possibility of local heating.
- The heater does not get in the way, does not take up much space during storage, and does not spoil the interior.
- The weight of the “heater” is only 160 grams!
- Oxygen is not burned.
- No noise.
- Dust does not rise because there are no vortex flows.
- Installing a heater is as simple as screwing it into the socket - no more difficult than changing a light bulb!
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Red lamps for heating birds and animals
Infrared lamps can be used to heat young animals in pigsties, goat sheds, etc. Veterinarians recommend warm infrared light, especially in the first hours of life for cubs. Another positive effect on animals is that infrared radiation dries out the bedding.
In a pigsty, for piglets, IKZK-250:
- From birth to 7 days, hang half a meter from the floor.
- At weeks 2 and 3 – 75 cm from the floor.
- Older - at a distance of 1 m from the floor. The heating zone in this case = 1m2.
Chickens under an infrared lamp
Red lamps for heating chickens are very popular. Here are some tips on how to organize heating of a cage with a brood using an IR lamp:
- The temperature should be 32 - 23 degrees, depending on what day of the cycle. To regulate the temperature, you need a thermometer and at least a simple thermostat (a Chinese one can be bought for 150 rubles).
- There is still debate among scientists, but it is believed that the red color has a good effect on young animals - they grow faster, the level of stress and aggression decreases. After 20 days of age, it is recommended to replace red ones with white ones.
- It is better to leave the wiring on external walls cages, and inside place only a lamp and feeders.
- It is not recommended to turn lamps on and off frequently.
- When a batch of chickens grows up, you need to produce “tech. maintenance": after cooling, wipe with a damp piece of cloth to remove dirt and dust. If this is not done, the device may burn out.
Inexpensive models made of fragile glass can be dangerous for chickens, because... their bulbs are pricked due to the ingress of water and blows from their beaks. It is necessary to cover such lamps with a mesh, raise them higher, or install more expensive and durable lamps.
For greenhouses
For a small greenhouse, you can use IR lamps.
They are usually placed at a distance of 1.5 meters from each other.
It is better to make the suspension for lamps adjustable, because the distance to the soil, and later to the plants, should be constant and it is advisable to raise the lamp as the seedlings grow.
Such heating is easy to install and regulate, because the design is lightweight, and the light bulbs are simply screwed into the socket.
So. Infrared lamps are an excellent substitute for expensive and complex equipment. They are used for drying varnishes, paints, leather, porcelain, wood, herbs, fish, mushrooms, grains, fruits and vegetables.
For heating food, in incubators, greenhouses, auto repair shops (BMW and Audi factories use IR light to dry newly painted cars), etc. IR lamps are used for medical purposes. And you can be sure that a savvy owner will find many more uses for such a universal thing as an infrared lamp!
A warm floor can become the main or additional source of heating. In addition, it can be installed only in one room, and not in the entire apartment.
Infrared heaters have been used for heating rooms for quite a long time. In this article we will look at what it is and what advantages it has.
Such devices are not yet used as widely as other heaters. Typically, these devices can be observed in office premises, large stores and similar public places. But time is constantly moving forward and infrared lamp for space heating are gradually gaining the trust of buyers and are increasingly being installed in cottages and country houses. The only thing that “slows down” their spread is the rather high cost.
What kind of heater is this?
Operating principle - ceramic infrared emitters act as heating elements;
Type - belongs to the class of ceramic infrared heaters (there are other classes of heaters of this type, for example, infrared film), which can be wall-mounted, ceiling-mounted or lamp-mounted, which are discussed in this article.
Regular technical specifications infrared heating lamps:
- 250W - maximum power
- 600°C - maximum temperature
- 3.5-5.0 µm - IR wave range
- 220V - supported voltage. Weight, kg
Types of infrared lamps:
- Mirror lamp IKZ-500 W, 220 V.
- Mirror red lamp IKZK-125 W
- Mirror red lamp IKZK-250 W
- Mirror red blue IKZS-125 W
- Mirror red blue IKZS-250 W
- Incandescent lamp in the form of a tube, 300mm long and 10mm in diameter NIK-1000W, voltage – 220.
The operating principle of an infrared lamp for heating rooms
The operating principle of an infrared heating lamp is similar to the action of the sun. However, their difference is that when the heater is operating there is no ultraviolet radiation, as with sunlight. Emitted thermal energy penetrates into air molecules through incomplete heating from the very surface of the device, after which it transfers heat to objects on which the work of the heater itself is concentrated. This degree of heating largely depends on the material, on the scale of the angle at which the heat rays fall, and on the color of the surface of the device. So how can you not make a mistake with your choice when you come to a heater salon?
Selecting the power of the infrared lamp
You need to focus on power. The choice of power is mainly based on the following proportion: 1 kW per 10 m2. However, despite this, such devices are chosen with a certain margin, which will make it possible to compensate for heat loss due to factors such as windows, walls, floors. It is also calculated that such a purchase as an infrared heater will serve as the only source of heat.
Nowadays, on the shelves you can see infrared heating lamps with a power of 300 W. If there is a need for intensive heating for premises such as basements or garages, then the operation of these devices can be considered appropriate. Heaters from this series are installed close to people, which gives them distinctive features from more powerful models.
When going to the store to buy an infrared heating lamp, be sure to focus your attention on the mains power. Most imported devices are designed for 240 V. However, when the model is connected to a network with a power of 220 V, the IR lamp will produce less heat. Although this factor is not considered an impressive disadvantage, and if everything besides this pleases you, then there is no point in denying yourself the purchase of this device.
The installation process for an electric infrared heater is quite simple. They are often installed by attaching them to the ceiling, and the mounting device itself is a special bracket, which is included with the kit as standard. To install it yourself, you do not need to have any special knowledge. technical skills and education. Anyone can do this. The most important thing is the location of the installation itself, where your heater will be located.
An infrared lamp is a source of heat and soft light. It has found application in all spheres of human life and activity. The main reason for the popularity of the IR lamp is the focused, directed heat and tangible savings. Essentially this alternative source heating residential or industrial premises.
Specifications
Infrared lamps have special characteristics. Most of the absorbed energy is converted into heat, as a rule, they are made from colored - red or blue - glass, often with a mirror coating, they are shaped like an inverted bulb.
IR lamps are equipped with a standard threaded base (E27), so they are suitable for ordinary household sockets. There are options with base sizes E14 and E40. One feature: can only be inserted into ceramic cartridges. High power will simply melt the plastic cartridge, which can result in a short circuit.
Variety and features
Infrared lamps can be of three types: traditional or incandescent lamps, halogen, mirror, ceramic.
Traditional infrared incandescent lamps are very similar in design to classic incandescent lamps used for indoor lighting. The heating element is based on a tungsten filament.
Halogen lamps have replaced the incandescent lamps we are used to. They work by creating a halogen environment in the flask.
Mirrors have a cone shape. The inner surface is covered with mirror amalgam - an alloy of metal and mercury. This coating reflects light rays, that is, it serves as a reflector. Due to this property thermal radiation focuses on a specific object, thereby increasing efficiency.
Ceramic infrared lamps look similar to a regular light bulb. Fire-resistant ceramics are used for the outer shell, which increases the product’s resistance to mechanical damage, exposure to moisture and temperature changes. Ceramic IR lamps are used for heating industrial (greenhouses, greenhouses, livestock houses, etc.) or residential premises.
Mechanism of action
Infrared radiation is created by electromagnetic vibrations. The special composition of the gas inside the bulb, as well as the metal for the filament, shifts the effect to the effective infrared radiation range. In this range, light accounts for no more than 10 percent of the power; most of the electricity is converted into thermal radiation.
It is not by chance that infrared heat sources are made from colored glass. Red or blue colors participate in the formation of the emission spectrum, increasing the usefulness of the lamp. Light rays pass through the painted glass and take on infrared colors. It is due to colored glass that the light becomes softer and more pleasant to perceive by the human eye.
Working period
IR lamps require virtually no time to warm up; they deliver full thermal power immediately after switching on. They have a long service life. The mirror infrared lamp in a red bulb (IRLC) can continuously operate for 6500 hours. Mirror infrared lamps in flasks blue(IKZS) can operate continuously for 6000 hours. Ceramic heaters– from 4000 to 10000 hours.
Areas of use
Infrared heaters are used where focused heat is needed. Since lamps have antibacterial and antiviral properties, they are widely used in medicine. Now they are widely used in cosmetology.
Massive use of IR heaters is observed in agriculture and livestock farming, where they are necessary to create a special atmosphere for the germination of seeds and the growth of young animals, heating greenhouses and livestock. In production they are used for drying various painted products. The red lamp has also found its application in food production - for pasteurization and drying.
Medicine
Infrared radiation increases blood circulation, which helps to better supply cells with oxygen and necessary substances and remove waste products. When using infrared rays, faster cell regeneration occurs. They have an analgesic effect, increase immunity and are used not only for medicinal but also for preventive purposes.
In medicine, an infrared lamp is used for various purposes:
Painkiller
Warming
Antibacterial
Antispasmodic
Stimulating
Anti-inflammatory
Antiviral
- Hygienic.
For each purpose they are used special types. For example, halogen lamps for infrared saunas create soft warmth with deep penetration. Reflective infrared lamps provide a relaxing effect after heavy exertion.
The red lamp can be used at home to treat colds, ear, nose or throat diseases, muscle or joint pain, etc.
Livestock
In livestock farming, infrared heaters are used for raising young animals, where a special temperature regime is required.
Main advantages:
1. Easy to install (they can be used in any room where there is electrical wiring)
2. Budget: IR heaters are relatively inexpensive (from 300 rubles apiece) and absorb little electricity (from 0.25 kilowatts per hour)
3. Security: creating optimal temperature regime helps to avoid crowding and, as a result, injury to animals,
4. Hygiene: animals' bedding is always dry and clean.
Optimal temperature conditions mean animal resistance to diseases, increased weight and egg production, better feed absorption and reduced mortality. For the farmer best lamp for heating it is infrared, preferably with a reflector or ceramic.
Industry
In production, IR lamps are used for drying painted parts, bulk materials or treated surfaces, as well as for heating a room. Relatively small sizes, ease of installation and resistance to temperature changes are their main trump card.
In industry they are used not only in the production process. They are of great importance for heating the room. Such a heater is needed where, firstly, it is not possible to create constant heating, and secondly, there is simply no need for it. Ceramic heaters are the most reliable.
Crop production
In crop production, infrared heaters are needed mainly for heating greenhouses.
A heater for greenhouses can be mobile or stationary, electric or gas. The main thing is that it provides rays of infrared radiation necessary to create an optimal climate.
A stationary heater is used for large greenhouses used all year round. It is mounted on the roof of the room. Mobile is used for small seasonal greenhouses.
The electrical power system is most common for an infrared lamp, but if it is not possible to connect the heater to an outlet, it will do gas version. One of the advantages of this heating option is absolute autonomy when using liquefied gas. Absence electrical wires in greenhouse conditions, where always high humidity, also plays an important role.
At home, infrared lamps are used to propagate seedlings. Best option to create the optimal temperature regime you simply cannot find one.
Infrared lamps have become widely used relatively recently, confidently gaining popularity in different areas life. They are used in drying, medical devices, there are even infrared lamps for.
Infrared heating lamps
Heaters based on infrared radiation lamps are compact, economical in energy consumption, and quickly heat the room. The principle of operation of such a heater is not to heat the air, but to transfer thermal energy to surrounding objects at which the lamp is directed. If you direct the heater towards yourself, you will feel the warmth almost immediately.
An additional advantage of infrared heaters is that they do not dry out the air or burn oxygen.
There are several types of infrared lamps for heaters, depending on the wavelength of the light:
- long-wave – low-temperature models, mounted on the ceiling, ideal for apartments and private houses;
- medium wave - suitable for large premises, such as a restaurant or store, have more high temperature heating;
- shortwave - the highest temperature models, capable of heating a large room such as a warehouse or production workshop, are also used when drying fabrics in dryers.
Infrared lamp for treatment
In pharmacies you can sometimes find infrared lamps intended for home phototherapy. Treatment occurs with the help of outgoing light rays, which have a healing effect.
The benefit of an infrared lamp in this case is that infrared radiation, when exposed to the skin, helps improve blood supply to this area. Metabolism in tissues accelerates, resulting in improved general condition human health. The lamp can be used for complex therapy for various diseases.
Why do you need a healing infrared lamp:
- Treatment of colds accompanied by rhinitis, tonsillitis, otitis. Quite effectively copes with diseases of the nose, ears and throat.
- Relieving muscle pain. The rays purposefully warm up problem area and help eliminate unpleasant painful sensations. The procedure usually lasts 20-30 minutes, unless redness of the skin or other unpleasant sensations occur.
- Treatment of joints. Joint pain is a very common phenomenon, especially in old age. For arthritis and other similar diseases, it is advisable to use IR lamps along with other treatment. The heat emanating from the lamp relieves muscle spasms, normalizes blood flow, and normalizes blood circulation.
- Reduced blood pressure. For people prone to frequent increases in blood pressure, infrared lamps help reduce the risk of coronary heart disease, hypertensive crisis, and atherosclerosis.
Contraindications to the use of infrared lamps
Despite their excellent therapeutic properties, IR lamps are contraindicated for certain diseases and conditions. So, you cannot use it if a person has cancer, purulent inflammation, or tuberculosis.
The lamp is completely contraindicated while taking hormones, cytostatics, and immunomodulators.
To exclude negative impact lamps on the body, it is better to undergo an examination and consult with your doctor before starting to use it.