Gypsum plaster for wet rooms. Plaster for wet rooms: types of material. Waterproof plaster

Plaster for wet rooms is a special wall covering that is used in rooms with high humidity or to form a water barrier that prevents moisture from penetrating into the building. Waterproof plaster is universal finishing material for finishing bathrooms, basements, boiler rooms, basements and many others that require the use of such plasters. It's simple and inexpensive way wall decoration where moisture predominates.

Waterproof plaster - its types and properties

Waterproof plaster is often used for leveling and decorating surfaces, but its main advantage is increased moisture protection. The versatility of such plasters is that the basis for their application can be cinder block, brick, natural stone, foam concrete, cement base, gypsum

Waterproofing a room can be done in several ways, both by applying a specially prepared water-repellent mixture, and by treating ordinary plaster or the surface on which it is applied. Therefore, it is possible to define 3 main types of waterproof plastering of walls:

sand-cement plaster in a 1:1 ratio with the addition of hardeners, lime or other material that will increase water resistance;
applying plaster to the waterproofing barrier and the wall impregnated with waterproof mixtures;
treatment of finished plaster with impregnations and waterproofing mixtures.

Waterproof plaster has the following main properties:

waterproofing. It allows it to be used for internal and outdoor finishing of premises and structures with high humidity, with large temperature changes, in rooms without heating or its irregularity;
ease of application and plasticity. These properties make it possible to form an even, crack-resistant layer that can be applied even without special technical means and automated equipment. When using special hardeners and plasticizers, plaster 3-4 cm thick can be easily leveled with a regular spatula, and after drying it forms a coating with high physical and mechanical properties;
environmentally friendly composition. Moisture resistant plaster doesn't highlight harmful substances, even when exposed to high temperatures (can be used in heated rooms, boiler rooms, etc.). The plaster contains only environmentally acceptable materials that do not contain radioactive substances, which makes it easy to use even inside residential premises;
versatility. The material can be applied to different substrates, regardless of their hardness, curvature, and material;
increased strength. After drying, the plaster forms a stable and perfectly smooth waterproofing layer that does not form cracks;
Economical. Ease of application and maintenance makes it attractive for use even at home without the involvement of highly qualified specialists, which allows you to save a significant amount of money on labor costs.

Waterproof plaster - surface and mortar preparation

For high-quality application of plaster, it is necessary to prepare the solution and surface so that the material has increased adhesion to the base. First of all, it is necessary to clean off old plaster, dust, paint coating, oil, bitumen stains and other possible macroelements. This should be done extremely carefully, since the finish must have not only good adhesion, but also excellent appearance after it has hardened. If whitewash was present, it must also be removed and the surface impregnated with appropriate binders or concrete (impregnation must be applied in several layers at intervals of at least 20-30 minutes). It takes 10 hours for the impregnation to dry, depending on the manufacturer and the outside air temperature.

It is worth remembering that the plastered surface is not the last stage repair (unless it is decorative moisture-resistant plaster, which is simply opened with wax and remains in this form) and after it is finished with other materials, for example, wallpaper or plastic. Consequently, the appearance of the building or room will depend on the quality of the applied plaster and any defect will come out sideways.

Before preparing the working solution, it is necessary to study the manufacturer’s instructions, prepare tools and containers. The working plaster solution is diluted with water room temperature(18-20 °C) when stirring with an electric drill with a special attachment (like a whisk) at medium speed. After the first cycle of mixing the solution, the mixture should be given stand up, then mix thoroughly again until smooth without any lumps. Application of moisture-resistant plaster is carried out on the surface at a temperature from +5 to +30°C, it is worth taking into account that non-compliance temperature regime leads to rejection of the applied layer, causing the plaster to slip.

Plaster for wet rooms - application method

The “throwing” method is the most used in construction. It is also quite cheap, since it does not require the use of energy resources and high-precision equipment.

The layer is laid directly using a level and along beacons fixed with a plaster solution and on a prepared surface (for concrete outside the building it is better to use). Beacons are installed in checkerboard pattern with an interval of 20-25 cm (the frequency of installation of beacons depends solely on the professionalism of the master, since with solid skills they can be installed much less frequently). 2-3 hours after the beacon solution has dried, the main plaster is applied, followed by leveling with a regular spatula. After 5-6 hours from the moment of applying the moisture-resistant plaster, the solution sets, after which grouting can be done.

Plastering wet rooms is reliable way protect walls and finishing materials indoors from excess moisture, fungus and corrosion. Performance simple rules applying plaster will not only allow you to create a high-quality and beautiful finish, but also save a significant amount of money.

The finishing of rooms with difficult operating conditions must be treated very carefully, avoiding the use of materials that may not withstand the aggressive effects of moisture and temperature changes. For example, it is not recommended to use gypsum putty or wallpaper in the bathroom - they will not last long. But cement and polymer moisture-resistant plasters are highly resistant to such influences. We will talk about them.

Moisture-resistant plaster mixtures can be different both in composition and purpose:

Some are intended solely for leveling surfaces and preparing them for application. decorative covering. For example, moisture-resistant paint or tiles.

And the latter themselves are decorative material, which does not require subsequent finishing.

Note. Moisture-resistant decorative plaster for the bathroom is applied in a thin layer, so when uneven walls requires preparation of the base with leveling compounds.

Of course, you can also level the walls using sheets of moisture-resistant plasterboard (see). It will cope with this task perfectly, any coating can be applied to it, and it will serve reliably. But only until you are flooded by your upstairs neighbors. This possibility cannot be excluded if you live in a high-rise building, so it is still better to use more reliable materials.

Leveling compounds

Leveling is bringing the surface into one plane without differences, holes and bumps. The material that is used for this should adhere well to the walls and serve as a solid basis for decorative finishing.

Since the air humidity in the bathroom is high, it uses plasters (see) that are moisture-resistant, mainly binder which is cement or polymer resins. These are ready-to-use or dry mixtures that require mixing with water, the proportions of the components in which are carefully selected.

But gypsum plasters should be used with caution, since they can withstand such operating conditions only if the surface is tiled with careful grouting of the joints, which prevents moisture from penetrating under the cladding.

Note. There are moisture-resistant gypsum mixtures with special additives that make the plaster more resistant to moisture. But not to direct exposure to water! The instructions for them state that they can be used for plastering walls and ceilings in damp rooms.

If you nevertheless decide to use gypsum plaster (see), as it is more convenient to work with and does not give shrinkage cracks, experts advise playing it safe and protecting the surface leveled with it with coating-type waterproofing materials. However, if there is a flood from above, it will not save you, because water will penetrate the coating from the unprotected side.

We are offering to you comparative analysis prices of the most popular plasters intended for wet rooms. Costs may change over time or depending on region, so we advise you to take them simply as a guide for comparison. It is given per bag of 25 kg.

The indicated consumption of the finished mixture is calculated to create a leveling layer 10 mm thick.

Moisture-resistant plaster for bathroom, name	View	Consumption, kg/m2	Approximate price
MAGMA GidroPlaster	Cement	17	300
EU	Cement-based waterproofing plaster	17-22	290
Profit Hydrophobe	Cement-sand	15-16	200
Profit Barrier	Coating-type cement-polymer waterproofing	15	380
Consolid 540	Cement multicomponent	15-16	240
Ceresit CR 65	Cement	8-10	800
UNIS Teplon	Gypsum (under tiles)	6	330
UNIS SILIN	Cement	12-16	250
AZOLIT-VSH	Cement	13	500
Vetonit TT	Cement	12	330
Knauf HP	Plaster	10	220

Compositions for decorative finishing

If you need moisture-resistant decorative plaster for your bathroom for finishing, then the selection criteria are the same: it is advisable to avoid gypsum-based compositions, using cement and polymer mixtures. In principle, there is nothing complicated: you just need to look for a moisture resistance mark on the packaging.

This characteristic is possessed, for example, by polymer plasters STUC DECO and STUC GRANITO, which can be given different textures, and acrylic plaster with an “orange peel” effect by Dufa Kratzputz aussen. They cost much more than leveling mixtures, but are applied in a thin layer, so a 20 kg package is enough for 10-30 square meters of surface.

Decorative moisture-resistant materials can also be used for finishing bathrooms. But it is advisable to cover it with a protective layer, which is often used as a special wax Optimist for plastered surfaces, which creates a protective moisture-resistant film.

Advice. Venetian plaster is one of the most difficult to apply. Therefore, if you do not have experience, do not risk applying it yourself. Many other decorative compositions are much easier to work with.

This finish is good because it creates a complete, seamless coating that is not inferior to tiles in its strength and moisture-resistant characteristics. In addition, both of these materials combine perfectly with each other, allowing you to create an interesting and original design.

The only limitation concerns the surface texture: it should not be very embossed. Water will certainly accumulate in depressions, recesses and grooves and mold will appear. In addition, washing such a surface is very problematic.

You should not hope that moisture-resistant plaster for the bathroom will protect you from all the problems associated with high humidity and direct contact of water and detergents on the walls. You can count on this only if the finishing technology was strictly followed during the work process.

Namely:

Both the base and the already dried plastered surface must be treated with a waterproofing compound (see) or a deep penetration primer;

Treatment with fungicidal agents that prevent the formation and development of fungal microorganisms and mold will also not be amiss;

Advice. You can immediately look in stores for a primer with antifungal additives.

, fixed to the walls with gypsum mortar, then when removing the beacons after the plaster has set, it is necessary to thoroughly clean the places where they are attached to the walls from plaster;

If you are preparing a solution for plaster with your own hands, do not skimp on cement, strictly follow the proportions recommended for this brand. Adding to the solution will help make the coating more durable and waterproof. liquid glass;
If the walls are leveled for tiling, try to do the job as efficiently as possible, without hoping that minor flaws can be corrected with the thickness of a layer of tile adhesive.

Conclusion

Increasingly, traditional tiles are giving way to decorative plaster when decorating bathrooms. But even under the tiles it is necessary to level the base, and for this you can only use moisture-resistant plaster mixtures. You know the basic principles by which they should be selected. The video in this article will tell you how the application process itself occurs.

One of simple ways To renovate a bathroom means to plaster the walls. Special moisture-resistant compounds are suitable for this purpose. In this article we will look in more detail at how to protect walls and ceilings in wet rooms, and which plaster is best suited for this.

There are waterproof and hydrophobic plasters. Waterproof ones withstand high humidity well.

Compositions with hydrophobizing properties create a waterproof film on the surface that repels moisture.

Another view plaster mixtures for the bathroom - sanitizing (drying). These compounds are intended for finishing surfaces prone to efflorescence, mold and mildew.

Moisture resistant plaster

Types of moisture-resistant and hydrophobic plaster mixtures:

Leveling- for correcting the plane of walls, smoothing out bumps and small irregularities. Waterproof leveling plasters are made.

Important! It is not recommended to use gypsum solutions in the bathroom. Gypsum does not tolerate contact with water well, and additives do not protect against direct exposure to moisture. You can use gypsum mixture for the bathroom if you make additional treatment of the walls with waterproofing or tiling.

Decorative. This type of plasters is applied in damp rooms in a very thin layer, so at least two base layers must be applied underneath them. Compositions based on acrylic and silicate are distinguished by high moisture resistance.

Several brands of leveling plaster mixtures for the bathroom:

Water-repellent plaster Profit Gidrofob - designed for leveling walls and ceilings outside and inside the building, especially recommended for finishing rooms with constantly high humidity (bathrooms, showers, swimming pools, etc.) and frequently moistened facade fragments.
Dry cement waterproofing mixture for leveling walls and ceilings in wet rooms CONSOLIT 540. Hydrated lime and a complex of special additives included in its composition create a solution with high water-holding capacity.
WEBER VETONIT TT 40 is a cement-sand composition for manual and mechanized application.
Knauf plasters: Grünband, Unterputz, Sockelputz (only as a base for decorative).
Brand Osnovit: Startwell PC21 façade, Slimwell PC23 thin-layer, Flywell PC24/1 ML lightweight cement, Prowell PC20 plaster spray (for the first layer).

These plasters are suitable for rough finishing before painting or under tiles. Read about how and what to do here.

Moisture-resistant decorative plaster mixtures:

Ceresit: ST35 (), ST174 pebble silicate-silicone, acrylic mixtures (ST 60, 63, 64), Decor plus hydrophobic (water-repellent).
Knauf Diamond.
Base: Exterwell fur coat, modeled (to create an original texture), tinted (colored).

Advantages of moisture-resistant plasters:

vapor permeability - plastered surfaces “breathe”, condensation does not form on them;
create conditions unfavorable for the development of mold, fungi, bacteria;
versatility - level, decorate, disinfect bathroom walls;
ease of care for plastered surfaces;
low finishing price;
large selection of color and texture options;
no complicated preparation is required before application;
no efflorescence is formed.

Sanitizing compounds for wet rooms

Sanitizing plaster mixtures are used for:

restoration of damp walls in old buildings where conventional solutions are unsuitable;
quick drying of surfaces in damp rooms;
preventing the appearance of efflorescence, mold and mildew colonies.

The advantage of using them is the ability to dry rooms without mechanical impact, due to the constant extraction of moisture from the inside. The surface of the sanitizing plaster is porous, that is, it has a larger area than usual. Due to this, moisture evaporates 10 times faster. During the process of water evaporation, salts remain in the pores of the coating and do not appear on the surface.

Several brands of sanitizing plaster mixtures for the bathroom:

Ceresite hydrophilic CR 61 and hydrophobic CR 62.
Baumit SanovaPutz S.
Thermal insulation ThermoUM and ThermoUM Xtra.
Thermal insulation ThermoSAN for highly humid and saline surfaces.

How to line the walls in the bathroom

Cement plaster

The best option for leveling bathroom walls is cement-based plaster mixtures. They create a durable, waterproof coating. But their disadvantage is that they take longer to dry than gypsum.

To save time, avoid adding excess dirt and avoid confusing the composition, novice craftsmen are advised to purchase ready-made dry mixtures.

But if you decide to prepare the solution yourself, then for this you need: Portland cement grade M400 or M500, washed fine-grained sand and a plasticizer.

The materials are mixed in the following proportions:

M400: sand - in a ratio of 1:4;
M500: sand - in a ratio of 1:5.

added to increase the elasticity of the mixture, facilitate plastering, increase the adhesion of the solution and reduce cracking. Its amount depends on the concentration; you must see the instructions from the manufacturer. The plasticizer can be replaced with liquid detergent, adding it to water before mixing the plaster solution in an amount of 0.5-1% by weight of the resulting cement.

Plaster: can it be used, how to protect it from moisture?

It is not recommended to use for leveling surfaces in the bathroom, toilet and other rooms with high humidity. But sometimes finishers still choose this option - the setting time is faster than that of cement-sand, and it is easier to apply.

Gypsum plaster is protected from moisture by applying 2-3 layers of deep penetration primer. It creates a water-repellent film on the surface.

This waterproofing provides additional benefits:

increasing the adhesion strength of materials and coatings;
reduction of porosity;
preventing the development of fungus or mold.

Subsequent finishing is important to protect gypsum plaster from moisture. The best option- This tile, but it is also possible to paint with latex-based water-based compositions, for example, Tex, Dulux, Dali, etc.

Drywall

Another way to make the walls in the bathroom smoother is by finishing moisture-resistant plasterboard(green leaves). It is mounted on a frame made of metal profiles or glued with special gypsum glue. The disadvantage of the feather method is that it reduces the size of the room from each wall by 10 cm, but if the curvature is significant, then this is the only possible method.

The frame is mounted from two types of profiles - rack-mount and guide. It is secured to the wall with dowels, and hangers are additionally installed to increase strength. The gypsum boards are screwed to the profile with self-tapping screws, and the joints are taped with sickle tape. The fastener caps and mounting tape are puttied.

The walls are pre-primed for the glue. Glue is applied pointwise to the sheet and applied to the prepared surface. Check the position with a bubble level and level if necessary.

Leveling with plasterboard is easier than plastering walls, but it needs good waterproofing. This method is suitable for tiling.

Stages of plastering walls

Before plastering the walls, remove the old coating and clean the surface with a brush. Then it is recommended to wipe the surface with a damp sponge, and wash heavy dirt with soapy water.

Be sure to measure the plane with a level or plumb line.

Before plastering it is necessary to apply a primer. As already mentioned, this will give the finish strength, moisture resistance and protection from mold. Prime with a brush, roller or spray in two layers.

The plaster mixture is applied in three layers. For each subsequent solution, the solution is made more liquid. Procedure:

Before application begins, metal beacons are installed on the walls, which are attached to the surface using small portions of the solution.
It is recommended to spray under the first layer of the wall with water from a spray bottle.
Apply the solution with a spatula or paint bucket, starting from the bottom. Then it is leveled using the rule attached to the guides, lifting it up and moving it slightly from side to side.
Crumbling walls are additionally reinforced with mesh, which is fixed in the first layer of plaster.
After the solution has completely dried, it must be plastered again.
For better adhesion to the finishing layer, notches are made on the fresh second layer with a notched trowel.
The last layer is made from or rubbed down if prepared for painting.

Decorative plaster for the bathroom

Several ways to plaster a bathroom:

. This coating creates a smooth, glossy surface that imitates natural marble or other stone. It is performed by applying several layers of material of different shades. Lastly, a layer of transparent wax is applied. It adds gloss and protects from moisture.
Applying color over plaster. Synthetic wax gives a matte finish, while natural wax gives a shine. Waxes with shades of gold or silver create a metallic effect.
Coating (azure). This is another option for increasing the moisture resistance of the plastered surface. Glazing varnish is essentially a translucent paint on water based. By combining several different shades and overlapping them, you can achieve an unusual effect.
Imitation brickwork. Using a simple spatula, press furrows into the wet plaster, repeating the shape of the bricks.

Using moisture-resistant plaster in the bathroom allows you to low price create a reliable, visually attractive coating. To dry damp walls and ceilings, you can choose sanitizing mixtures. Plastering does not require complex tools and extensive experience in finishing, so anyone can do the repairs themselves.

It is difficult to permanently remove moisture from walls. This will only result in a loss of money and time. Moisture-resistant plaster, like other materials, must be chosen carefully. It is used in the construction and renovation of buildings.

Characteristics of waterproof materials

Moisture-resistant plaster can become optimal choice for the bathroom. It can withstand splashes and even streams of water. It can be used to level walls and eliminate defects on their surface. Is not old mortar made of cement and sand, which takes about a month to harden. This is a completely different polymer that can create a protective layer. It has a number of advantages:

waterproof;
easy application;
no shrinkage;
dries quickly;
short terms of work;
resistance to mechanical stress;
environmental Safety;
no plaster required highly qualified masters

Plastering in wet rooms solves 2 problems:

Prepares the foundation for finishing works: for tiling and other materials, for painting, for processing with decorative plaster.
Giving a finished look to the base using thin layers of various decorative compounds.

Moisture-resistant elastic plaster can create even corners and a smooth wall surface. You can immediately begin painting or covering the wall. If the structure intended for plastering is made of a material called cellular concrete, its surfaces must be treated to protect against moisture. This coating will protect the base material and prevent moisture from harming it.

Frost-resistant plaster is in demand in our country. This is understandable, since regions with a cold climate are not uncommon in our country. This coating protects the outer surfaces of the walls from freezing and moisture.

How to choose a bathroom finish

Today, the decorative properties of plaster mortars are quite equal to those of tiles, paint and panels. In the bathroom they demonstrate their vapor permeability: the walls breathe, mirrors and glass almost do not sweat. This provides protection against mold and mildew. Decorative elastic plaster with water-repellent properties allows you to create spectacular reliefs, the color of which can be any.

There are universal solutions that combine several properties. They prevent salts from depositing on the surface of the walls and are easy to apply. Cracks do not form on the surface treated with plaster. The material does not contain harmful substances.

It is very profitable to buy dry plaster with waterproof properties. The solution prepared in accordance with the instructions saves money and is easy to use. Anyone with basic plasterer skills can handle it.

To decorate the bathroom you can use the following materials:

EU plaster mixture;
AZOLITE-VSH;
Hydro Basic 1K;
Hidro Plaster;
Profit Barrier;
Profit Hydrophobic;
Ceresit CR 65;
Weber. Vetonit TT;
Consolid 540;
UNIS SILIN;
UNIS Teplon;
Dufa Kratzputz aussen;
STUS DECO;
STUS GRANITO;
Founder BIGWELL T-22;
Founder BIGWELL T-23;
Kesto TF;
Stroybrig Tanilit RS21 M;
Stroybrig Tanilit RS22 M;
Stroybrig Tanilit RS24/1 ML;
Stroybrig Tanilit RS 7.5.

In addition to these compositions, there are a number of plaster mixtures from Ceresit and Knauf. There are purely decorative compositions, Venetian mixtures of different colors. It is recommended to apply a layer of wax under any plaster composition. Which flexible plaster should be chosen from the many available in the store?

Gypsum elements on the walls can be coated with a gypsum-based composition that is water-resistant. Gypsum plaster easy to operate. But cement mortar is more a good decision Problems. You can get by with a mixture of M150. It is cement based and produced by many manufacturers.

You can experiment with a cement-based solution with the addition of liquid glass. It quickly sets and gains strength, resulting in an excellent waterproof coating. Under no circumstances should bark beetle type coatings be used. It has many grooves in which mold will certainly appear over time if the plaster is done in the bathroom. Places that will be exposed to moisture should be covered with tiles.

A few words in conclusion

Moisture-resistant elastic plaster is widely used in houses and apartments.

Along with it, silicone plaster applied to walls and other surfaces with your own hands is also popular. These compounds are capable of imitating various materials- silk and metal, granite and marble due to the inclusion of the corresponding crumbs in the composition. Silicate plaster has many waterproof characteristics and creates a high-quality imitation on the surface of the walls. The methods for applying plaster for gas silicate blocks differ little from conventional processing. The manufacturer provides instructions for use of the mixture with its products.

Some manufacturers produce products that are not only waterproof, but also have thermal protection properties. Decorative elastic plaster on walls made of gas silicate blocks gives the effect of silk fabric. On the ceiling and walls of the bathroom this can look very impressive. Try it - everything should work out for you.

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Moisture resistant plaster is finishing material, which is used in rooms with high humidity. It can serve as a base for tiles, screed, leveling the wall, or used as a decorative coating. Let us immediately note that, as a supplement to the material, there is a website where you can buy excellent tiles - http://keramatika.ru/.

Types of moisture-resistant plaster

Moisture-resistant plaster can be purchased packaged as a ready-made mixture or made independently. Most often, such mixtures contain cement, gypsum, polymer additives, sand, and acrylic. Better buy ready-made mixtures, since all proportions are already met there. Prepare moisture-resistant plaster yourself from cement, sand, and lime. By type, moisture-resistant plasters can be divided into gypsum, cement, and polymer.

Manufacturers offer a very wide range of moisture-resistant plasters that are applied in different ways to the surface. The surfaces are mainly concrete, brick walls, which are additionally treated with a primer or water-repellent coating composition.

There are also decorative moisture-resistant plasters that perform two functions at once - decorate and protect from moisture. They are also used to level walls. It is advisable not to use decorative plasters with uneven surface, for example, bark beetle. They harbor fungus and mold. Sometimes to prevent getting wet decorative plaster A special wax coating is used. Elastic compositions based on polymers are also interesting in terms of creating various decorative effects.

Where is moisture-resistant plaster used?

Moisture-resistant plaster is used in bathrooms, basements, garages, terraces, and balconies. It is necessary to read the instructions on the packaging, which indicate whether the plaster can withstand humidity, weather conditions and low temperatures. There are moisture-resistant plasters for finishing facades that have all these characteristics. Moisture-resistant plaster can be applied to both horizontal and vertical surfaces, sometimes it is used as a base for a screed.

When choosing plasters, you should pay attention to the thickness it can be applied to and the material consumption per square meter. On average, with an application thickness of 1 centimeter, 10-20 kilograms of plaster are used per 1 square meter of area.

How to apply moisture-resistant plaster

Moisture-resistant plaster is applied in the same way as regular plaster; the surface must be thoroughly cleaned of old coating, dust and debris. If the wall was painted, old paint needs to be removed, same goes for ceramic tiles, or any other coating. Paint is removed with special solvents, and tiles are usually removed with a hammer drill.

At the next stage, the walls are treated with a primer or waterproofing coating composition. Waterproof plaster is applied over the beacons, which are then removed. Work on applying moisture-resistant plaster is carried out only at positive temperatures. After approximately 4-6 hours, grouting is carried out.