Eggplants for open ground in the middle lane. The best varieties and hybrids of eggplant - features, characteristics. The best eggplant varieties for planting in the North Caucasian District

Some gardeners purchase ready-made seedlings, but you can try to grow it yourself. This makes it possible to test several new varieties in one area.

The main conditions necessary for the development of strong eggplant seedlings:

light;
warm;
quality soil.

For raw seeds, soaking in natural and artificial stimulants (aloe juice, Epin) for several hours is used. Sow shallowly - 4-5 mm - in a moist substrate. The containers are placed in a warm place (+ 24 + 26 degrees). Germination is expected in 5-10 days.

If during this time the seedlings did not appear, the reasons may be low temperature or stale planting material.

After the appearance of seedlings, the temperature is reduced by 5-6 degrees, carrying out a kind of hardening. After 2 weeks, it is increased again. Make sure the soil is not too wet or dry. When 3-4 leaves are formed, the plants dive into cups or peat pots. This procedure will provide seedlings with better survival. Eggplants are planted in a permanent place at the age of 70-80 days.

Throughout the growing period, plants need watering and top dressing. Only under these conditions will they please the gardener with a friendly return of the crop.

The blockade on the import of agricultural products from European countries allowed the citizens of our country to pay close attention to the cultivation of such a healthy vegetable as eggplant. This vegetable is rich in trace elements, vitamins, fiber, and is also low in calories, so it is included in the diet of those people who lead an active and healthy lifestyle. There are in the world the most diverse varieties eggplant for open ground, bred by Russian and foreign breeders, and every year this list is updated.

The shapes of vegetables vary - from the usual pear-shaped to elongated cylindrical or oval. Colors and shades also vary depending on the variety - from purple to striped, white or red. But, the culinary use of eggplant remains the same - for preparing second courses and preparations for the winter. If anyone does not know what it is: a vegetable or a berry, we explain that it is a vegetable from the nightshade family, the fruits of which are called "berries". Eggplant is a perennial plant, not an annual, as Russians mistakenly believe. But since the seeds of the best eggplant varieties for open ground can be safely bought at the store, there is no need to grow the plant for several years to obtain planting material.

Early varieties of eggplant.

King of the North F1 - hybrid, resistant to cold. The growing season lasts from 95 to 100 days. The fruits are cylindrical, elongated 25-30 cm in length. Coloring is dark purple. Eggplant King of the North gives a good harvest - from 12 to 15 kg of vegetables can be harvested from one square meter of soil.
Robin Hood- an early ripening variety. The height of the plant is 1.5 meters, the vegetative period lasts from 95 to 105 days. The berries are medium-sized up to 14 cm in length, weights reach 250-350 gr. Productivity - from 13 to 19 kg per square meter of open ground.
Roma F1 - a hybrid of early fruiting. The plant is tall, strong, with a large number of leaves. Eggplant fruits are pear-shaped, elongated, the length of which reaches 20 cm, weight - 220 gr. The skin is smooth, dark purple hue, the middle is light, without bitterness. Fruits in the garden throughout the growing season.
Banana– an early ripening variety, only 105 days. The bushes are undersized, the fruits are elongated, dark purple in color, reaching a length of up to 30 cm, a diameter of 3 cm. The yield is 4 kg per square meter of open ground.
purple miracle- productive variety, berries ripen 100 days from planting. Eggplants have an elongated cylindrical silhouette, the skin is shiny, dark purple. The inside is greenish-white, has no bitterness. The fruits are small - 100-120 gr. weight. Productivity is high - up to 14 kg from each square. meters of soil.
Bourgeois F1 - a hybrid of early ripening: 100-105 days. The fruits are flat-round, large, reach a weight of 500 gr. The skin is glossy, purple-black, the flesh has a delicate, white hue. The hybrid has a long fruiting period.
Korean midget- an unpretentious variety for cultivation, the first harvest ripens on the 70th day after planting. The bush is low - only 45 cm. The berries are pear-shaped, the skin is dark purple in color, the flesh is light, tender, without bitterness. Fruits reach 500 gr. weight.
Fabina F1 - hybrid, early ripening - the first harvest is harvested on the 80th day after planting the seedlings. Plant height 50-60 cm, 7-10 eggplants are formed on each. Berry - an elongated cylinder 20-25 cm, dark purple peel, shiny. The inside is dense, pale green in color, has no bitterness. The hybrid is resistant to the disease "Verticillium wilt" and to spider mite.
Gardener's dream- an early ripe variety for unprotected soil, only 95 days pass from planting to harvesting the first harvest. The plant grows up to a height of 80 cm. The berries have a cylindrical even shape, weight - 130-170 gr. The peel is smooth, glossy, dark purple. The pulp is white, dense, without bitterness. The value of the variety is that it is stored for a long time, is well transported and resistant to late blight and anthracnose.
Valentine- a variety with good taste, has an elongated cylindrical black-purple berry, with dimensions - 25 cm in length and 5 in diameter. Excellent fruiting and very high resistance to the virus mosaic disease are noted.
Faith - refers to early ripe varieties, ripens 110 days after planting, the bush has a height of 70-75 cm. Pear-shaped berries are purple in color. The pulp is tender, has a pale yellow color. The weight of one eggplant can reach 200 gr., The yield per square meter soil - 9 kg.
Prince- a high-yielding eggplant variety for open ground, unpretentious in cultivation, reaches ripeness 90 days after planting. The vegetable has a dark purple color of the skin, reaches a length of 30 cm and a diameter of 8. The weight of each eggplant ranges from 160 to 185 grams. The middle is loose, has no bitterness.
Black brilliant- ripens 100 days after planting the seedlings, the bush is undersized - 60 cm tall. The berries have a black-violet skin color, glossy, shape - cylindrical, large, reach a mass of 250 grams. the pulp is white, the texture is tender, it has no bitterness.
epic F1 - an eggplant hybrid for open ground, high-yielding. The fruits are drop-shaped, the average length of which reaches 20 cm. The peel has a dark purple hue, turning into black. Epic eggplant is very resistant to diseases such as "tobacco mosaic".
Nutcracker- ripeness record holder - after 45 days from planting, you can try the first harvest. The fruits are teardrop-shaped dark purple in color, each weighing up to 250 gr., Length 14 cm. Also suitable for climatic conditions for the northwest.
Black handsome- a very early ripe variety for open ground, ripens on the 78th day from planting. The bush is undersized - only 50-60 cm tall, the fruits have the shape of a regular cylinder of brown-purple color, each weight is 220-260 gr. Eggplant Black handsome yields an average yield of 8 kg. from 1 meter square open ground.
Japanese dwarf- a high-yielding variety for open ground, the bush is undersized, grows up to 1/2 meter. The berry is pear-shaped, 18-20 cm long, weighing up to 300 g. The peel has a bright purple color, the inside is gently creamy, without bitterness.
Anet- a very early hybrid, high-yielding, with a long fruiting period (on the 70th day after planting the seedlings in the garden, you can harvest the first crop). The berries of the vegetable are of a dark purple hue, elongated-cylindrical, the mass of one can reach 400 g.

Eggplants take root best in a garden bed in open ground if seedlings are grown from seeds, which should be hardened and swooped down and only then planted in a garden.

Mid-season varieties.

Eggplant varieties that require at least 130-150 days of cultivation and care to obtain the first harvest from the day the seedlings are planted in the garden. Mid-season varieties, although they have a longer ripening period, are more resistant to even very hot weather and untimely watering.

Supports should be placed on especially fruitful bushes - you will be sure that the bush will not break under the weight of the grown crop.

For greenhouses

Many varieties of these vegetables are not very suitable for open ground growth in central Russia, so it is better to plant them in greenhouses or greenhouses. The disadvantage of such vegetables is that they are more capricious and require more careful care. But such plants give a greater yield.

multi-colored varieties

Another novelty in breeding work is the unusual skin colors of eggplants: green-fruited, white-fruited or red-fruited. Each of them has its own characteristics and taste, but the essence is always the same - eggplant, a vegetable for cooking second courses, snacks and preparations.

bibo F1 - has a brilliant white, smooth skin, the fruits have a weight of 450-520 gr. the pulp is tasty, dense, white color. Very early, resistant to diseases and cold temperatures, high-yielding - up to 15 vegetables of the same size can be harvested from a bush.

For open ground, each gardener will choose the eggplant variety he likes based on his own requests. The best for open ground are those that give the highest yield and do not require a lot of time and effort. Plants that tolerate frost and heat are also valued, as well as resistant to diseases and various garden pests.

Central Russia has a temperate climate, cool summers, lack of strong winds. In summer and autumn, a large amount of precipitation falls, the spring is early, but with possible frosts, it often rains. Compared to the southern regions of sunny days, eggplant is not enough, but recently their number has been increasing and this crop can be grown without greenhouses.

Under the conditions of such a growing season, it is not difficult to grow a large crop of eggplants, but the choice of plant varieties must be approached with special care, despite the fact that eggplants grow well in this area, bear fruit abundantly and are generally not a problem to grow. However, taking into account proper cultivation and timely care. In order for the harvest to please with large fruits, high yields, it is necessary to select early-ripening varieties that are characterized by high fruiting, varieties that are most resistant to various kinds of diseases of an infectious, bacterial type. Many people prefer hybrids for these purposes.

The best varieties of eggplant

Eggplant varieties "Boomer", "Klorinda" are suitable for growing in greenhouse conditions and in open ground conditions. However, open ground conditions are most favorable, so the plants get sick less, grow strong and healthy. Suitable multi-colored representatives of this culture of the variety "Ten", "Spark". Very quickly yields a precocious crop called "Krasnogolovik", the variety has become ideal for growing in greenhouse conditions due to its small bush. Medium-sized fruits can be obtained from the precocity of "Robin Hood", "Czech Early".

It is appropriate to engage in the cultivation of "Black Beauty". If the summer turns out to be especially sunny, then in open ground conditions the harvest will be simply amazing, although such a representative can be grown in greenhouses. The fruits are large, tasty, bitterness is absent. The fruits of this variety are ideal for long-term storage.

Eggplant "Almaz" is distinguished by vegetable growers as one of the best varieties that can bear fruit highly in almost any climate. Long fruits, sometimes growing up to 20 cm, will please with their taste and lack of bitterness. The same can be said about the "Albatross", in this case, the fruits gain weight almost half a kilogram! The bushes themselves are low, strong.

hybrid varieties

In climatic conditions middle lane Russia decided to grow different hybrid varieties eggplant, for example, "Epic F1". Already 60 days after planting, the early ripening will begin to bear fruit. Teardrop-shaped fruits of a black-purple hue will surprise with their amazing taste. These eggplants are suitable for both canning and cooking hot dishes. When growing, there are no problems, since the hybrid is as resistant as possible to diseases and pest attacks. The yield is high.

"Purple Miracle" has small cylindrical fruits, but very tasty. Also grown are "Vicar", "Iceberg", "Golden Eggs", "Banana", "Fat Master", "White Egg", "BlackBeauty", "Black Moon", "Swan", "Pelican", "Ping Pong". ".

You can plant "Chinese Green", "Red Ruffled". Such varieties are distinguished by the unusual color of the fruit, which makes them a real highlight in home-made preparations. The same can be noted about the variety "Matrosik", "Rose Bink", "Pink Flamingo", "Othello", "Japanese Red", "Orange", "Turkish", "Nautilus". In central Russia, Solara, Donskoy, Arap, Maria, Donetsk Harvest, Valentina, Barbentane, Epic, Delicacy are grown.

Many varieties of eggplant can be successfully grown in the middle lane of our country. Only here, when growing, you need to take into account some features, so to speak, the preferences of a particular variety. Namely, what kind of soil he prefers, how many times it is desirable to water in greenhouse conditions and in open ground conditions, next to which crops eggplant growth will be as favorable as possible, and other little things. Depending on the composition of the soil, it is necessary to periodically apply the necessary fertilizers, if necessary, treat plant bushes and roots with preparations that allow protecting the crop from diseases and pests.

Eggplants are affectionately called “blue” among the people, which generally reflects their color and helps to navigate the variety of vegetables. However, eggplant varieties abound in colors, halftones, shades, and intricate patterns. That is, the definition of “little blue” no longer corresponds to reality. Topic of the article: the best eggplant varieties suitable for growing in Russia, their types and description.

The greatest variety of varieties falls on the purple color of eggplant. Moreover, not only shades of purple differ, but also the shape, ripening rate, and climatic conditions. Basically, eggplants, which have a purple fruit color, feel great in the climate of central Russia.

In the forefront is “Albatross”, which is distinguished by a high yield of vegetables, 350-400 g each. It is a mid-season vegetable with short, pear-shaped fruits. Bitterness is not characteristic of it, and the flesh is pale white in color. It is characterized by high keeping quality and easy transportation.

Late-ripening "Arap" grows up to 90 cm in height. Its fruits often reach 25 cm in length, they are cylindrical, without an admixture of bitterness.

Among the early ripening eggplants “Bagheera” should be distinguished. This is a hybrid vigorous vegetable with oval fruits weighing up to 300 g. It is famous not only for its productivity and resistance to most fungal diseases, but also for its soft snow-white filling without bitterness.

Among early species you should also pay attention to the eggplant varieties “Long purple”. Firstly, it is a very compact variety - it rarely grows above 50 cm. Secondly, it has beautiful inflorescences and ovaries with a glossy skin, weighing up to 300 g.

The early ripe species suitable for the middle lane also includes Don Quixote. It is a hybrid medium-sized vegetable that grows well in greenhouses. In length, the fruits reach 45 cm, and the weight fluctuates between 300-400 g.

The hybrid mid-season subspecies "Lolita" will give a rich harvest when grown in a greenhouse. The bush is tall, often reaches 2.5 m. The shape of the vegetables is elongated, maximum length they are 25 cm long and weigh 300 g. The flesh is snow-white, compacted, practically does not contain eggplant seeds.

By planting vegetables of the “Maria” variety, you will be among the first to receive a crop of elongated cylindrical eggplants.

Another mid-season variety "Nautilus" refers to hybrids for greenhouses. Bushes tend to grow, saber-shaped fruits up to 30 cm in length, weighing up to 500 g.

A galaxy of purple eggplants is complemented by "Diamond". It is a mid-season, compact vegetable with cylindrical fruits. The size of the fruit rarely exceeds 20 cm, and the weight is 170 g. Its flesh is green, compacted, without characteristic bitterness.

Video “The best varietal eggplants”

A detailed overview of eggplant varieties is given in this video.

White

The best varieties of white eggplant are few in number, but at the same time, their seedlings will undoubtedly decorate any garden bed or greenhouse, causing many questions: “What kind of vegetable is this?”. It often happens that white eggplant seeds turn yellow at the end of the season - these are selection errors that scientists are trying to level out.

One of the most known species is definitely “Ping-Pong”. Its ovaries are small, light, their weight rarely exceeds 70 g. The bush is medium high, during fruiting it really seems that it was hung with ping-pong balls. Feels great both in greenhouses and in the open field.

Varieties of white eggplants also include mid-season "Swan". It grows well both in greenhouses and outdoors, growing up to 70 cm in height. The fruits are cylindrical, up to 22 cm long, the weight rarely exceeds 255 g. Most of the ovaries are white, but sometimes yellow ones also come across. The main attraction is the white, soft flesh and high yield density per square meter of plantings.

Another hybrid subspecies worth paying attention to is the Pelican. Its bushes are tall, up to 1 meter high, vegetables grow up to 18-20 cm, but at the same time they cannot boast of high weight - the mass fluctuates within 200-250 g. The mid-season Pelican variety is mainly grown in greenhouses.

"White Night" will please you with oval snow-white fruits that ripen by the middle of the season. The bush grows small, up to 70 cm, decorated with many fruits, weighing up to 300 g each.

"Baby White F1" has funny spherical fruits, which are among the first to ripen. Bushes "Baby White F1" are low, abundantly covered with greenery, rarely reach 50 cm, numerous small fruits rarely weigh more than 300 g. The flesh is white, without characteristic bitterness.

The hybrid subspecies “Tenderest F1” will surprise you and your guests with oblong, cylindrical ovaries weighing 300-400 g. The bushes are medium-sized, sprawling, and the fruits with white flesh without a hint of bitterness. They survive dry periods very well, without requiring special care.

Lilac

Types of lilac eggplant are also numerous. It is quite possible to call them “blue ones”, since they did not go far from their purple counterparts. Having absorbed the best of white and purple varieties, lilac varieties, even while green (no matter how strange it may sound), please with a wealth of patterns and shapes.

One of the leaders in popularity, the Lilac variety, has an average ripening period. Its bush rarely grows above 60-65 cm, the seedlings are often elongated, cylindrical, weighing up to 200 g. The flesh is white, compacted, without bitterness in taste.

Round eggplants of the “Balagur” variety will delight you with bunches of vegetables that are located on the brushes. This is an early maturing variety, with bushes of medium height, the leaves of which are rich green. The weight of one eggplant fluctuates around 150-180 g.

Varieties with an average duration of ripening also include “Pink Flamingo”. The height of the Pink Flamingo bushes reaches 180-190 cm, the fruits grow in clusters of 4-6 pieces, their average weight is 300-400 g. Eggplant pulp is without bitterness, pure white.

If you choose lilac eggplants, then you can’t get around the Bumbo variety. Rounded fruits weigh 600-700 g, white-lilac color. The bushes grow spreading, powerful, so they will serve as an excellent decoration for both the greenhouse and the open ground.

One of the most resistant varieties to unstable conditions and fungal diseases is Robin Hood. The average height of the bush reaches 90-100 cm, it is spreading, it bears fruit well with small ovaries weighing about 300-320 g. The pulp is without bitterness, white, elastic.

Another bright representative of the lilac variety of eggplant - "Rotonda Bianca" will delight not only with mid-ripening and an abundance of ovaries. Its leaves are rich green, wonderfully fitting into any landscape. Fruits are oval, with white pulp without bitterness.

If you are chasing not only productivity, but also the original appearance vegetables in the beds, then pay attention to the eggplant "Matrosik". Vegetables of this species are oval, have a striped color with a bizarre pattern, weighing up to 200 g.

It should be noted that the above types of eggplant are mostly hybrids. This means that already at the stage of selection, their immunity, protective characteristics and taste are much higher than those of ordinary plants. Thus, they are less likely to be exposed to fungal diseases (powdery mildew, anthracnose, brown spot, copperhead), which greatly facilitates their cultivation.

A nice bonus of such vegetables is that most of them grow easily both in greenhouses and greenhouses, and in the open air, pleasing the eye with a bizarre shape and color.

Video “Varieties of eggplant”

About which eggplants give 100% yield is described in the video.

According to the opinion of most inexperienced gardeners, eggplant is a whimsical, heat-loving crop, the cultivation of which in the middle zone of our state is considered very problematic. This is not true. The main reasons for the unsuccessful cultivation of plants are the wrong choice of seeds, non-compliance with the rules of agricultural technology.

Overview of eggplant varieties suitable for the Russian middle lane

In order to be guaranteed success, you will initially need to select the best eggplant varieties for central Russia, bred by modern breeders. Below is an overview of the most successful varieties, culture hybrids. Its study will certainly be useful for any gardener. Also read the article about eggplant varieties for open ground.

Faith

The early ripe eggplant Vera is a compact plant, reaching a height of 73 - 105 cm as it grows. The bushes of the culture are medium leafy. Varietal fruits have a pear-shaped shape, purple color, glossy surface. The fruit pulp is whitish, bitterness is not felt in it. Ripe fruits reach a mass of 125 - 181 gr. The yield indicators of the variety are in the range: 0.8 - 1.2 kg / sq.m. The variety is suitable for greenhouse cultivation, planting in open ground.

Bourgeois

Gardeners often choose Bourgeois eggplant because of the early ripening of fruits with solid sizes and excellent taste. Ripe fruits of the culture, weighing 400 - 500 g, have a beautiful dark purple color, due to their round shape they resemble tomatoes. The fruiting of the plant is long, until the onset of frost. Summer residents note the impressive resistance of the hybrid to bad weather, common diseases.

Black Beauty

The high-yielding Black Beauty eggplant exhibits a remarkable ability to set fruits in adverse, changeable climatic conditions. The variety is early, resistant to infections, bred for growing in film greenhouses in areas with a short warm season. Many gardeners claim that this is the best variety of eggplant for the middle lane, pleasing with large purple-black fruits (weighing 700 - 900 grams). Fruit pulp is tender, tasty, without bitterness.

Banana

By planting Banana eggplant in the open field, you can count on an ultra-short ripening time for the fruits of the crop (about 90 days). The yield of the variety is 4 kg / sq.m. The fruits of the Banana variety are perfectly stored without losing their marketable appearance and taste. With its shape, Banana eggplants resemble exotic fruits, due to this, the variety got its name. The length of ripe fruits is 20 - 25 cm. The transshipment method is suitable for planting seedlings in open ground.

Bagheera

Mid-season Bagheera eggplant is a tall, compact plant, reaching a height of 1.3 m. Dark purple fruits of the culture are long (up to 20 cm), thin (5-7 cm in diameter), weigh 250-350 g. For growth, fruiting of the hybrid, small areas, compact containers (tubs, barrels) are suitable. The variety is considered high-yielding, disease resistant. Plants need to be tied to supports.

Temperature drops are contraindicated for the culture, therefore greenhouse cultivation is considered optimal for it.

Hippopotamus

In film tunnels, glazed greenhouses, the mid-ripening eggplant Behemoth, reaching a height of 0.7 - 2.5 m, feels great. The culture has a strong stem without thorns. The fruits of this mid-season hybrid, as they ripen, become black in color, pear-shaped, reach a length of 15 - 17 cm, gain weight 322 - 340 gr. If the gardener manages to provide the culture with the best growing conditions, its yield will be up to 17.3 kg / sq.m.

Alekseevsky

The early-ripening eggplant Alekseevsky has proven itself well in moderate climatic conditions. Varietal bushes are sprawling, low (up to 70 cm), covered with leaves of medium size. In central Russia, greenhouse cultivation (in film structures) is considered optimal for culture. The fruits of the variety have a cylindrical shape, weight 10 - 190 g, length up to 15 cm. Among the advantages of the variety, it is worth highlighting: high yields, regular, uniform shape, excellent fruit taste.

Baloo

Breeders bred the Balu variety specifically for planting in harsh climates. It is quite possible to grow Balu eggplant in the open field on a site located in the Siberian region. This mid-early variety is easy to recognize due to the peculiar appearance of its fruits, weighing 160 - 200 g, with a pear-shaped shape, bright purple-raspberry color. There are extremely few seeds in the fruit pulp, it is devoid of bitterness. The peel of the fruit is thin, so the waste during the processing of vegetables is minimal.

Mushroom pleasure

Mid-season eggplant Mushroom pleasure got its name because of the presence of a characteristic aroma. Description of the variety: the bushes of the plant are low (up to 65 cm tall), do not need a garter to the supports. The sizes of varietal fruits are small, their weight is 140 - 250 gr. The color of the fruit is dark purple, almost black. Since temperature changes are contraindicated for plants, they are best grown in greenhouses, under film shelters.

bull forehead

Late-ripening eggplant Bull's forehead is a high-yielding variety suitable for protected, open ground. Due to unpretentiousness, the culture shows good yields in Siberia, the Middle lane. Varietal fruits are large in size, significant in weight (up to 1 kg), their technical and taste qualities are impeccable. The fruits of this variety are perfectly stored, transported, suitable for universal use.

bomber

Choosing Bombovoz eggplant for planting, the gardener will not be mistaken. It has the following description: this early ripe variety is characterized by an excellent yield of 7.5 - 8 kg / sq.m. Varietal bushes are compact, reach a height of 80 cm in growth, have the ability to set a large number of fruits, and withstand a significant yield load. Ripe fruits of culture have an ellipsoid shape, length 16 cm, diameter 9 cm, weight 200 - 350 gr. The color of the fruit is dark purple, the tender pulp is whitish.

Features of agricultural technology

Gardeners who have chosen eggplant varieties for the middle lane mainly use the seedling method. Seeds are pre-grown for seedlings at home in small containers (for example, in plastic cups). You can learn how to prepare eggplant seeds for seedlings here.

The growing season of the crop is quite long. Seed germination can take up to two weeks. Experienced summer residents are engaged in hardening seedlings (within two weeks before picking into the soil), carrying out its periodic removal to the street.

An indispensable condition is the preparation of the soil of a greenhouse, an open garden. For this purpose, it is heated using mulch, specialized additives. The introduction of ash, sand, peat, and other components present in seedling cups into the soil has proven itself well. This will ensure painless adaptation of the sprouts after transplanting to new conditions.

Since eggplants are characterized by increased demands on the microclimate, growing environment, plants need watering, but excessively high air humidity is contraindicated.

Culture needs warmth, good ventilation. As a result, bushes in greenhouse conditions need to arrange regular ventilation.

If eggplants are planted outdoors, they will need effective protection. For this, artificial screens, tall plants are suitable. A low-growing crop planted in an open area can be sheltered in the form of a polyethylene film.

Actively growing bushes are pinched in such a way that 6-8 ovaries remain on them. Such manipulations contribute to the timely formation, rapid ripening of the fruit. Regular top dressing will be the key to the future abundant fruiting of plants, especially in need of nitrogen-containing fertilizers.

When harvesting, fruits should be removed, the peel of which has acquired a characteristic color, indicating ripeness. Thanks to the regular collection of ripe vegetables, conditions are created for the ripening of young fruits. The gardener can harvest the seeds of a well-established variety, leaving a couple of fruits on the bush to reach their final biological ripeness.

Having studied productive varieties eggplant for central Russia, agricultural techniques, it is worth putting the knowledge gained into practice. Properly approaching the issues of growing crops, you can count on getting delicious vegetables for seasonal consumption, winter harvesting. As experience is gained, it is quite realistic to put the business on a commercial basis and count on a decent profit from the sale of varietal eggplants of excellent quality.

letnyayadacha.ru

Eggplant varieties for central Russia

You have been trying to grow eggplants on your site for more than a season, but you still failed to harvest a good harvest? Check if you have chosen a variety that is not suitable for your climate zone.

To get a rich harvest of ripe and delicious eggplant, it is necessary to take into account the climatic conditions of the middle zone. Summer here is not warm enough and short, so the light-loving eggplant does not have time to ripen in the open field.

Just like peppers, eggplants are best grown in a greenhouse. Or seedling way, but then after planting in open ground, the seedlings need to be covered with a film. At the same time, it is important to choose the right eggplant variety: it must be early ripening (ripen 90-120 days after planting seedlings in the ground) and undemanding to light.

Barbentan

The bush of this eggplant can grow up to 1.5 m. It has many fruits of dark purple color with a brilliant sheen, which resemble a trunk in shape and reach a length of 30 cm. They ripen quickly, so Barbentane eggplant can theoretically be grown in open ground under light cover. But in practice, due to the high growth of the bushes, it is not so easy to pull the covering material, therefore, in the climate of the middle zone, it is better to build a greenhouse with a height of at least 2 m.

Delicacy-163

This undersized variety with shortened fruits (up to 10 cm long) of deep purple color is suitable for growing in open ground under a film, since the height of the bush reaches no more than 40 cm. Also, the advantage of the Delicacy-163 variety is that the fruits have very tasty pulp white color, which is not bitter at all.

long purple

As it is easy to understand from the name, the fruits of this eggplant are long (about 16 cm), in shape they resemble an elongated cylinder and are painted in a rich purple color. Despite the rather large fruits, the bush of the plant is low - up to 50 cm.

Dwarf early

The fruits of this early ripening variety pear shape and dark purple color. They grow in the lower part of the bush, which reaches a height of no more than 45 cm. The main value of this variety is the excellent taste of the fruit.

Robin Hood

A semi-spreading bush grows up to 100 cm high, rather large pear-shaped fruits about 20 cm long ripen quickly on it. The skin of eggplants is matte, lilac, the flesh is white with a pleasant delicate taste.

Snow

The plant grows up to 1 m high, there are no thorns on the stems, the leaves are light green, the fruits are quite long (about 20 cm), they resemble a cylinder in shape. Their main distinguishing feature- white and shiny skin. This is what the name of the variety says.

Purple Wonder F1

The bush of this eggplant is characterized by an average height, fruits are tied on it, which are similar in shape to a cylinder and slightly curved. Their skin is purple, the flesh is greenish-white. The main advantage of this variety is that the fruits are well stored and do not lose their presentation for a long time.

Czech early

The bush of this high-yielding eggplant variety is of medium height (50-60 cm), the fruits on it ripen in a round shape, black-violet with dense white flesh of a greenish tint.

Growing delicious eggplants on your own plot is no more difficult than growing tomatoes or peppers. Choose varieties suitable for your climatic zone - and a rich harvest will not keep you waiting.

www.ogorod.ru

Eggplants for open ground - productive and high-yielding varieties

Growing eggplant in open ground in our country is difficult task, since the culture is southern and does not tolerate cold. Our climate is quite unstable in many regions, it can rain in summer and temperatures can drop to record lows. Let's talk about how to grow eggplant in the beds of your garden.

Description of culture

Eggplants are very popular today. They make a large number of delicious dishes:

canned salads;
vegetable stew;
soups;
salads and others.

Many people prefer not to buy vegetables in the market, but to grow them on their own. However, growing eggplant in greenhouse conditions is one thing, and in open ground conditions it is completely different.

Eggplant is a southern culture. The optimum temperature for growing a crop is + 22-30 degrees. If the temperature outside the window is only +15, the eggplant stops growing. For most of our compatriots, such a warm summer is either not available at all, or is a rather short period. You can grow a healthy plant from seeds in open ground in two cases:

if you live in a warm climate in the south, where it is quite warm from May to September;
if the climate is quite warm, but for a short period, seeds of early varieties can be selected.

Under no circumstances will this be achieved in the northern regions. Eggplant is also demanding on:

soil fertility;
abundant watering;
to air humidity.

Before moving on to growing, you need to choose the best eggplant varieties for open ground.

Variety selection

The cultivation process begins with the purchase of eggplant seeds. Coming to the store, many experienced gardeners are lost in the variety of varieties and hybrids. What seeds to choose? Here is a list of the most acceptable eggplant varieties for outdoor cultivation. The list is:

Joker;
Diamond;
Hybrid Agate;
Hippopotamus;
Purple miracle;
Sancho Panza;
Vakula;
Dobar;
White Night;
Winnie the Pooh.

When choosing seeds, the gardener's attention is riveted not only to the ripening period of eggplant fruits, but also to the amount of the crop. From the table it will be easy to understand which varieties are the most productive.

Eggplant seeds are quite small, slightly flattened. How to land, we will also discuss in the article.

Table

Variety/Hybrid

Maturation

Mass of eggplant fruits, in grams

Disease resistance

Yield per square meter

	early ripe variety, from 85 to 100 days		to tobacco mosaic virus	6-7 kilograms
	early ripe, up to 110 days		to most viruses	6.5 kilograms
	110-150 days		to mosaics and pillars	8 kilograms
	early ripe, 101 days to technical maturity		to most viruses
Sancho Panza	120-130 days		to the spider mite tobacco mosaic	7.5 kilograms on average
purple miracle	95-100 days, early maturing variety		to spider mites and wilt
			to tobacco mosaic, resistance to spider mites
	no more than 112 days		to most viruses	max 13 kilograms
White Night	early ripe variety		disease resistant
Winnie the Pooh	early variety, up to 110 days	no more than 210	disease resistant	no more than 6 kg

See also: Eggplant: preparing seeds for sowing seedlings

Characteristic

The most popular variety today is "Diamond". These seeds sell well, gardeners love them very much for their resistance to viruses and resistance to temperature extremes.

"Diamond" grows well in open ground north of the Chernozem region. It requires the same care as other varieties of eggplant, it is necessary to talk about this in more detail.

The video below shows a small report of the cultivation of this variety.

When they talk about the precocity of eggplants, the period from the first shoots to technical maturity is taken as the basis. Looking at the table, residents of the northern regions will easily understand why it is not possible to plant eggplants in open ground in their regions. Even early-ripening varieties ripen for a relatively long time, and as for mid-ripening and late ones, they are generally not held in high esteem in Russia.

Yield is also of great importance. Please note that all varieties presented in the table are high-yielding. Variety "Behemoth" is a real find. With rapid maturation, it gives beautiful harvest despite the fact that the fruits are of medium size. The photo below shows the fruits of this variety.

Of course, to achieve such a result, you need to properly care for the plant. Pay attention to the variety "Balagur". Although it is not the most fruitful, you can get fruits from such a plant quite quickly: if the weather is warm enough and the days are sunny, then after 85 days you can harvest the first crop.

Each summer resident and gardener chooses for himself something of his own.

Important! Read the information on the packaging. If eggplants are varietal, a new crop can be obtained from their seeds. It makes no sense to collect seeds of hybrids.

cultivation

Open ground for eggplant - special conditions. Let's talk about how to get a rich harvest from your garden. For this you will have to work hard. As usual, the soil is prepared in advance. Even in the fall, it is customary to dig up the beds, in the spring this process will be repeated again, because this culture loves loose soils.

See also: Varieties of the largest eggplant

As for acidity, eggplant can tolerate it in small amounts. Gardeners often compare the cultivation of this crop and bell pepper. These processes are indeed similar. Small comparison:

peppers are more moisture-loving, eggplants can survive a slight dryness;
eggplants are more thermophilic than peppers.

Adding organic matter to the soil will have a good effect on the thermal regime of the eggplant. However, they bring it in advance, before planting seedlings in the ground to a depth of about 15 centimeters. Without damaging the rhizome of the eggplant, organic matter will decompose and additionally affect the growth of the plant.

However, according to most beginners, the biggest difficulty is to grow seedlings.

Seedling

Since planting seeds directly into the ground is rarely possible in our country, they prefer to grow seedlings in advance. It is planted after it becomes quite warm outside the window.

Strong healthy seedlings are a guarantee excellent harvest. That is why seeds must be selected carefully, giving preference to trusted companies.

Everyone chooses the time for sowing seeds on their own, since this is decided individually for each climate. Readiness for planting seedlings in open ground occurs 50-70 days after sowing the seeds.

Sowing

For growing seedlings, fertile loose soil is needed. You can add some sand or vermiculite to it. If you take ready-made soil for seedlings, be sure to get a good one. You can plant in peat tablets, however, they will cost a little more.

There are a lot of containers for planting seeds on sale. For those who have their own, it's okay, the main thing is that you feel comfortable in this regard.

So, the containers are filled with soil, moisten it and sow the seeds. This is done in two ways:

if the seeds have not yet sprouted, they are deepened by 1-2 centimeters;
if the seeds have already sprouted (they were soaked in advance), they must be carefully placed in the ground.

Depending on where you purchased the seeds, you can decide whether or not to decontaminate them before planting. If these are products of a worthy proven manufacturer, then you can do without this procedure.

Conclusion

Eggplants are good because they bear fruit abundantly and for a long time. If you have the opportunity to grow this beautiful vegetable crop try it outdoors. A rich harvest is always a joy.

fermilon.ru

Eggplant: A Brief Overview of the Best Varieties

Eggplant is one of the most popular vegetables in the world. widespread this culture in our latitudes for a long time was prevented by its exceptional thermophilicity. Thanks to the many years of work of breeders, varieties were obtained that can easily tolerate short-term cooling. Now eggplant can be found not only in the south, but also in regions belonging to the zone of risky farming.

Brief overview of culture

Eggplant is a perennial herbaceous plant of the Solanaceae genus. Its close relatives are such well-known agricultural crops as potatoes, tomatoes and bell pepper.

Eggplants are native to the Middle East and South Asia. It was there that about 1,500 years ago they began to cultivate this plant, as evidenced by ancient handwritten texts. In those parts, you can still find wild eggplants. They are low bushes with small spherical fruits of green or yellow color, bitter in taste.

Wild eggplants bear little resemblance to their cultivated descendants.

Varieties of eggplant

Currently, there are more than a hundred varieties of eggplant. Cultivated varieties of eggplant have large fleshy fruits. Depending on the variety, their weight ranges from 50 g to 2 kg.

Modern varieties of eggplant surprise with a variety of shapes and colors of fruits.

At the stage of technical ripeness, the color of eggplants usually varies from light lilac to dark purple. But there are also varieties that differ in the unusual color of the fruit, for example:

Red and yellow eggplants are often used as ornamental plants. Most of them are very thermophilic and grow well only in closed ground. Due to the small size of the bush and the unbranched root system, these varieties feel great on a balcony or windowsill.

The best varieties for open ground

When choosing eggplants for their plot, experienced gardeners must take into account the following varietal features:

Only unripe eggplant fruits are used for food. In biological ripeness, they contain a large amount of solanine dangerous to human health and are noticeably bitter.

Video: how to choose the right eggplant variety

Popular varieties

The most famous in the territory of the Russian Federation and the CIS countries are the old, time-tested eggplant varieties. But now gardeners are increasingly paying attention to the fruits of modern selection, which, thanks to their excellent characteristics, have already gained popularity.

Gardeners are especially fond of unpretentious and fruitful eggplants, which are able to grow both in open and in closed ground. These are varieties such as:

Diamond;
Albatross;
Maria;
bull heart;
Black handsome;
Epic;
Alekseevsky.

Table: characteristics of popular eggplant varieties

Gallery: the most popular varieties

Due to its unpretentiousness and resistance to mechanical damage, Almaz eggplant is recommended for growing on an industrial scale. Eggplant Maria is highly valued by gardeners for its even fruit size and tasty, bitter-free flesh. unusual shape and large size Epic fruits have the same size, which is very important when growing eggplant for sale

Video: personal experience of growing Epic eggplant

Varieties without bitterness

Special attention breeders pay palatability fruits. Almost all new varieties of eggplant are characterized by the absence of bitterness. Their fruits do not require soaking in salt water before cooking. These varieties include:

Destan;
sailor;
Mishutka;
The owner is a gentleman;
Gardener's dream
Albatross.

Table: characteristics of eggplants that do not have bitterness

Gallery: eggplant varieties without bitterness

At the stage of technical ripeness, the fruits of the Destan variety are dark purple, almost black in color.

White-fruited varieties

Recently, eggplant varieties with white fruits have become increasingly popular among gardeners. They differ from their purple counterparts not only in color, but also in the delicate taste of the pulp, as well as delicate aroma mushroom-like.

Video: an overview of the most productive white varieties

Table: eggplant varieties with white fruits

Photo gallery: popular white-fruited eggplants

The Bibo variety is very popular among gardeners in Russia and the CIS countries The fruits of the Lebediny variety are used to prepare various dishes and preparations for the winter Miniature Ping-Pong fruits are ideal for conservation Variety The taste of mushrooms, which was included in the Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation in 2009, has an amazing mushroom taste A compact bush of the White Night variety does not need shaping and tying

Green-fruited varieties

Eggplant with fruits Green colour came to our country from China and Thailand. Such varieties are characterized by tender flesh with a sweetish taste, they can even be used in fresh. These eggplants are very thermophilic, therefore, in our country they are usually grown under film cover.

Most famous varieties with green fruits is:

Alyonka. The most common green-fruited variety in Russia with cylindrical fruits. Productivity - up to 7.5 kg / m2, the average fruit weight is 350 g. The ripening period is 108 days.
Green. Early variety with pear-shaped fruits weighing up to 200–300 g. The pulp has a pronounced mushroom aroma. When grown under film cover, the average yield is 6–7 kg per 1 m2.
Emerald. A hybrid with increased resistance to adverse weather conditions. It has oval fruits weighing up to 300 g, reaching technical ripeness in 105-110 days. Average yield- 6.8–7.3 kg/m2.
Louisiana. A variety of American selection with long and thin fruits, the average weight of which is about 200 g. Up to 3 kg of tender and tasty eggplants are harvested from one bush. This variety takes 110-115 days to ripen the fruits.

Photo gallery: green eggplant

Average length Alenka's fruit size is about 15 cm On one Louisiana eggplant bush, up to 15 fruits can be tied at the same time Eggplants of the Zelenenky variety have a pleasant mushroom aroma

Selection novelties

Despite the large number of existing varieties, breeders are constantly working on the creation of new products. They pay special attention to such qualities as:

resistance to adverse weather conditions and diseases;
fruit taste;
productivity;
precociousness.

Among the new varieties of recent years are:

Eggplants for greenhouses

The area of greenhouses, as a rule, has small size, therefore, compact and very productive eggplants are chosen for growing in them. For example, such as:

Sancho Panza;
northern blues;
Pink flamingo;
Robin Hood;
Joker;
Bonus;
Vakula.

Table: the best varieties for greenhouses

Gallery: greenhouse eggplant varieties

The weight of Sancho Panza eggplant fruits often reaches one kilogram. The beautiful, slightly curved fruits of the Pink Flamingo can reach a length of 35 cm or more. From 50 to 100 small fruitlets are tied on one eggplant Balagur bush

Gardeners with heated greenhouses often choose tall eggplant hybrids for planting. These plants are quite capricious, but bring abundant harvests of high quality fruits.

Table: popular tall hybrids

Varieties of eggplant for regions

When choosing a variety for a personal plot, the main criterion is always its adaptability to the climatic conditions of a particular region. This is especially important when growing eggplant as a non-covering crop.

The middle zone of the Russian Federation and the Moscow region

The rather cold and short summer of the middle zone and the Moscow region does not allow the varietal qualities of eggplants to be fully manifested. To get a good result in this region, you need to choose early-ripening varieties that tolerate the vagaries of the weather well. For example, such as:

Leningrad region

AT Leningrad region eggplants suffer not only from a lack of heat, but also from high humidity, which contributes to the development of fungal diseases. Therefore, to obtain a good result, it is necessary to choose varieties that are highly resistant to adverse factors. These include:

Republic of Belarus

As in most regions of Russia, only early ripe and unpretentious eggplants feel good in Belarus. The State Register of varieties recommended for cultivation in this region includes 12 names:

Ural region

Summer in the Urals is hot, but short. In such conditions, it is best to grow early, low-growing eggplant varieties, which, if necessary, can be easily covered with a film or agrofibre. This variety is:

Japanese dwarf;
Ural early;
King of the North;
Faith;
The globe;
Siberian early.

Video: how to choose a variety for planting in the Urals

The hybrid King of the North is especially popular among the Ural summer residents. Its advantages include:

resistance to low temperatures;
the presence of immunity to common fungal diseases;
early ripening(no more than 110 days from the moment of germination);
long period of fruiting;
tasty, without bitterness fruits;
high yield (12–15 kg per 1 m2).

The fruits of the King of the North grow up to 40 cm long