The most adapted to the climate of Siberia - Korean chrysanthemum. It has straight, often branched stems, reaching a height of about 120 cm, there are both medium-sized and undersized varieties. The leaves are torn, have several uneven edges, the color is light green. Sometimes the surface of the foliage can be hairy. The inflorescence in the form of a basket can be simple, semi-double and terry. It has many long narrow petals growing in several rows, in the center of the flower there are short tubular petals. The diameter of the basket is about 2 cm. Undersized varieties popular in blending well in compositions with others
Choose open, sunny areas that are slightly elevated. Dampness will cause plants to die in winter, and lack of lighting leads to deformation of the green part. They love loose and permeable soil rich in organic matter. Watering is carried out exclusively under the bush, moisture should not fall on the foliage, stagnant water at the roots is unacceptable. Chrysanthemums in Siberia are cut for the winter, leaving no more than 10 cm of stems, covered with a layer of snow on top of the covering material. Did you know? The Japanese value the chrysanthemum at the state level: its image is on the coins and the emblem of the country, the Order of the Chrysanthemum is one of the highest awards, the yellow chrysanthemum is present on the imperial seal.
Chrysanthemum« Josephine»
Pulsatilla ordinary- a spring perennial flower that can withstand temperatures down to 20 ° C, which is not uncommon for Siberia. Unfortunately, the plant is on the verge of extinction, its name is listed in the Red Book. 
The perennial grows up to 35 cm, from the base of a straight, fleecy stem, a rosette of narrow, filiform leaves, also densely covered with villi, blooms. It is noteworthy that foliage and inflorescences appear almost simultaneously. Inflorescences solitary on a long peduncle, surrounded by stipules. The buds are six-petal in the shape of a wide bell, a fully opened flower up to 10 cm in diameter. Depending on the variety, the color may be different:
The main conditions for growing:
- good lighting;
- drained, fertile soil with a neutral reaction;
- the absence is close to the surface - a place on a slope would be ideal.
A spring plant up to 25 cm in height, a thin, reddish stem at the base clasp the long leaves growing upwards. The color of the foliage is dark green with chaotic white patches. The stem bears only one inflorescence. The six petals of the opened bud are strongly bent back to the stem, exposing the stigma of the pistil and white-yellow stamens. The color of the petals is varied:
- "White Fang" - flowers are large, white;
- "Zoya" - bright pink flowers;
- "Olga" - flowers are light pink;
- "Mountain Shoria" - purple flowers.
Planting a kandyk is also possible in the spring, it is not afraid of return frosts, even blooming flowers do not die at -50 ° C. It does not need shelter for the winter.
Important! Transplanting or cleaning the soil around the plant should be carried out with the utmost care: kandyk bulbs are very fragile and located close to the surface.
It has a long thin stem, often not branched, covered with pile, bearing one inflorescence. There are more leaves in the lower part of the stem - there they form a rosette, higher on short petioles are sessile single ones. The leaf is elongated, with smooth edges and a pale stripe in the center. Inflorescences in shape are large baskets, up to 15 cm in diameter. Petals running along the edge are long reed, short tubular in the center. Shades of flowers can be both bright, sunny, and purple-dark. Blooms in summer and autumn period s. 
- "Goldstrum" (yellow with a dark center);
- "Cherry Brandy" (velvet dark purple);
- "Gloriosa Daisy" (petals are dark brown in the center and golden on the edge).
Rudbeckia "Cherry Brandy"
– spring plant, grows up to 40 cm in height. A bright lush panicle with many flowers is formed on a thick short stem-peduncle of a cylindrical shape. Dense elongated arrows of leaves grow in a circle from the base of the stem. Hyacinth flowers are small, usually six-petalled. The petals are narrow, curved or twisted, simple or double, depending on the variety. The color of the inflorescences is diverse: white, creamy, yellow; all shades of blue, pink and lilac; red, burgundy and purple. 
The most interesting varieties:
Hyacinths can be planted in the spring, but only with full confidence in the absence of return frosts. autumn planting hyacinths do not require shelter if carried out on time - September, the first decade of October. When late boarding should be covered with a covering material from snow and cold. Important! The next year, with adult hyacinths, the situation is more complicated: it is recommended to dig up its bulbs to ensure lush bloom in addition, prevent the degeneration of the variety.
Muscari garden perennial flowers belong to lily family. The name combines more than sixty species distributed in Europe, Siberia, North America and Asia. Low, only up to 20 cm, a specimen with a straight stem and basal leaves. The leaves are narrow and long, pointed at the end, juicy, Green colour. The inflorescence is dense, elongated cone, white color or blue shades. It blooms depending on the variety in April-May from 10 to 25 days. 
Muscari is grown in sunny areas, on fertile and loose soil. After flowering, dried bushes look sloppy, so both dry inflorescences and foliage are removed. Bulbs hibernate under snow. 
Or sedum, attributed to what designers love it for. Basically, they are creeping or dwarf bushes, although there are also tall ones. Sedum has small, but dense foliage, green glossy or with a coating. Inflorescences are collected in dense hemispheres, consisting of small flowers with five or six petals. Stonecrop is brightly colored: it can be white, yellow, pink and purple, blue and lilac. 
Perennial stonecrop more than suitable flower for cultivation in Siberia, the plant is unpretentious in literally everything. It does not need watering, subject to regular rainfall. The composition of the soil can be any, the only thing that it is desirable to dilute heavy soils with pebbles. The plant needs only in conditions of intense heat and drought. 
« dark red»
They are bright garden flowers of Siberia and are well worthy of description, with colorful photo and variety names. These are tall plants on a thin branched stem (except for creeping species), with bright green foliage, elongated. Phloxes can decorate any composition on or in rock gardens, they can serve as a border or carpet in a flower garden. A flower bed with multi-colored plants looks bright and original: then they do not need to be supplemented with other colors. Phloxes have a long flowering period,
there are varieties that bloom until autumn, we will consider varieties that bloom in the spring: 
Planting phlox is carried out in the autumn, so that the flowers have time to take root before the onset severe frosts. These plants love the sun but not direct rays, slightly diffused light. Flowers need moderate but regular watering, they all do not tolerate stagnant moisture at the root system, so consider the location when planting ground water. Preference is given to drained, nutritious soils with a neutral reaction. complex mineral is desirable, not Loosening is carried out carefully so as not to damage the roots, the surface around the stems can be covered on hot days. They hibernate without shelter.
It has a straight, single or slightly branched stem, grows from 30 cm to a meter high, there are dwarf species. The color of the foliage and stems is light green, the shape of the leaves is heart-shaped or simply rounded, with a short petiole. All types of doronicum bloom yellow flowers: lemon to orange tint. The flowers are large, with many thin reed petals along the edge and tubular in the middle. 
- "Spring Beauty" (terry, yellow);
- "Gold Dwarf" (dwarf);
- "Little Leo" (light yellow).
Clematis
It has more than three hundred species; for regions with a harsh climate, it was bred clematis stinging. This variety is a long-liver, put a support on it, and it will wrap around it, growing both in width and in length. In one place, clematis can live up to fifteen years. This type beautifully blooms with small delicate flowers-stars. The lithuanium of the liana is dark green, not large, oval in shape, with a sharp tip and a central vein. The plant blooms from early July to August (inclusive), two varieties of burning clematis are known, the flowers of both are snow-white:
- "Sea foam";
- Small-flowered white.
Clematis stinging does not bloom well in the shade, therefore the site for it should be sunny. This plant is not just a perennial, clematis is a long-liver, a place for it should be well thought out. He needs support and hilling of the stems in hot weather. Top dressing is moderate, watering is regular, also moderate. Clematis does not need shelter for the winter, as it tolerates low temperatures perfectly. 
Let's figure out which ones to plant in a dacha in Siberia, what conditions to provide for them so that they bloom all summer. The photo below shows flowerbed design examples.
Asters perennial- tall plants growing in a bush or not branched. The stem of the plant is erect, thin, but strong. The foliage is alternate, with a jagged edge, with narrow and long leaves, light green. Asters are represented by a variety of colors and shapes: there are simple and double flowers, with needle-like petals. The color is white, all shades of pink, red, yellow and blue. Asters are characterized by long flowering, they can decorate the garden until late autumn. blooming in autumn varieties:
- "Beechwood Rivel" (maroon);
- "Dick Ballard" (lilac);
- "Mount Everest" (snow-white);
- "Blue Danube" (blue).
We publish interesting review the rarest plants listed in the Red Book of Russia.
Every day rare plants become less and less.
Almost always, the reason that some representatives of the fauna have become smaller is a person and the negative fruits of his activities, deforestation, as well as environmental degradation. The latter is also associated with human activity. People destroy nature, and the state of the atmosphere and many other vital things depend on nature. And even if now we have over 50% of the country's territory - taiga, this does not mean that we should value coniferous forests a little, on the contrary - it is precisely this number of trees and plants that saves the ecology, and if there are fewer of them, the surrounding background will noticeably worsen even compared to today.
But even those who do not always treat the country's green wealth with absolute respect in practice are perfectly aware of the value of this intangible wealth. Well, all the rest, of course, one of the first national treasures that they are proud of is the nature of Russia.
The Red Book contains sections on animals and plants. The volume devoted to rare representatives of the flora of Russia was last reprinted in 2008, the lists are constantly updated, but it is worth considering that the picture is only approximate: it is impossible to establish the number of natural specimens by any method, everything is only approximate, the state of some species cannot be assessed at all. According to the latest edition, the Red Book includes 652 plant species and 24 mushroom species.
Each rare or endangered species of flora has one of 6 statuses: Probably extinct species of Russia, Species of Russia with an uncertain status, Recovering species of Russia, Endangered species of Russia, Rare species of Russia, Decreasing species of Russia.
Many regions of Russia have regional Red Data Books containing information about endangered plants and animals.
The most extensive in terms of the number of species (over 11,400 species) niche of the flora of Russia is vascular plants. It includes all higher plants (terrestrial), except for mosses: ferns, horsetails, psilots, lycopsids, gymnosperms and angiosperms.
“440 species of angiosperms, 11 species of gymnosperms and 10 species of ferns, that is, 4% of the flora, are included in the Red Book. Experts believe that at least 2,000 to 3,000 species of vascular plants are actually exposed to some degree of danger.” .
In addition to the listed plants, some species of lichens, fungi, and mosses are listed in the Red Book of Russia.
vascular plants
“The abundance of vascular plant species listed in the Red Book of Russia is quite original. In addition to the maxima in the centers of increased biological diversity, where species from adjacent territories enter (the Caucasus, the mountains of southern Siberia, Primorye, Sakhalin, and the Kuriles), there are also regional centers that have no analogues in other groups. An increased number of rare plant species is characteristic of the steppe zone (usually 15-30 species), which is undoubtedly due to its deep anthropogenic transformation. A local maximum exists in Chukotka (11 species) due to the penetration of a number of American species here, as well as on the southern shores of the Gulf of Finland and its skeletons (27 species), where a significant number of Western European plants grow. In the vast expanses of Northern Siberia, rare plant species are unknown. The maximum number of rare plant species is observed in the Khanka lowland - 66 and on the western tip of the Russian part of the Caucasus - 65 "(Biofail.ru).
Despite the “medical” name, these are the most understandable, most common plants that surround us from all sides, especially in summer.
Lycopsoid - a department of higher spore plants, similar in structure to mosses.
There are only 4 representatives in the list of lycopsid plants listed in the Red Book of Russia: Asian half-flower, Sea half-flower, Lake half-flower, Bristly half-flower.
The list of angiosperms listed in the Red Book of Russia contains more than 90 items. Some of the most famous:
Pictured Snowdrop flat-leaved
A beautiful flower, fully consistent with the first part of its name, blooms, growing out of the snow, in the spring. Found in Georgia and North Ossetia.
In the photo Volodya Martyanova (rare view)
The plant grows mainly only in Russia, in Altai, in the Sayans.
In the photo Colchicum cheerful
It occurs mainly in the meadows and steppes of Ciscaucasia.
In the photo Rhododendron Schlippenbach (population is declining)
Deciduous shrub, one of the most beautiful of its kind. In Russia, there are specimens only in the Khasansky district in the south of Primorye on the mountain slopes.
In the photo Rhododendron Fori (rare view)
In the photo, Saffron is beautiful
In the photo Lily lanceolate
Pictured is a dwarf tulip
In the photo Magnolia obovate
Flowering plant. In Russia, it is found and feels good on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus. There are 15 magnolia trees in the Botanical Garden of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Vladivostok, as well as in the Moscow region, Voronezh, St. Petersburg. However, in colder regions it freezes heavily in winter, it is thermophilic. Decorative breed, deciduous tree with very beautiful flowers that bloom in May-June.
Nut-bearing lotus (one of the rarest and most beautiful flowers)
How lotuses bloom in Russia (Vladivostok) in the plot of the local TV company:
Lotus is found in Russia mainly in the regions neighboring Asia, on Far East in the lower reaches of the Amur, in the Ussuri river basins, on the coasts of the Caspian and Azov seas. Disappears mainly due to carelessness, for example, the lotus root is considered a delicacy in Chinese cuisine, and therefore the flower is often destroyed for food; near the swamps and on the banks it is eaten by wild boars and cows.
In the photo Mountain Peony
Pictured is Oriental poppy
In the photo Buttercup Sayan.
Despite its prevalence, it is listed in the Red Book as a rare species. It is found mainly in Siberia.
In the photo Violet incised (population is declining)
In the photo Ginseng ordinary
This is very useful plant, it is used in medicine, raw materials from ginseng root have powerful immune-modulating, stimulating properties. Grows mainly in Russian Federation: in the Far East of Russia - in the south of the Khabarovsk Territory, in the Primorsky Territory.
In the list of fern-like plants listed in the Red Book of Russia, there are about 10 plant species, some of the representatives are:
Pictured is Marsilia egyptica (view disappears)
In the photo Juniper high
Symbol of the Crimea.
Forever green conifer tree 10-15 meters high, species of the genus Juniper, Cypress family. In general - a symbiosis of juniper, cypress and pine. Lives on average 2 centuries, distributed in the Crimea, Asia Minor, and the Caucasus. Status - vanishing view.
In the photo Olginskaya larch
It occurs in the south of Primorsky Krai, along the coast and along the eastern foothills of the Sikhote-Alin. Relic breed, occupies less than 1% of the forest area in which it grows. In the Red Book under the status - an endangered species.
Lichens
According to information at the end of 2013, 29 species of lichens are included in the Red Book. What kind of plants are these and where do they most often grow? Lichens are organisms that combine the features and structure of terrestrial algae, fungi, mosses, there are about 25 thousand species in the world. They are important for soil formation, deer feed on lichens in the Far North, insects hide and live in dense vegetation, lichens are necessary to maintain the balance of the environment, are used in folk medicine, gourmet dishes are prepared from some species, they do not survive in the "dirty" air, and therefore are indicators of the environmental situation.
“Of the approximately 3,000 species of lichens in Russia, 29 are listed in the Red Book. It should be noted that these materials are far from complete. The flora of lichens, the distribution of their individual species for the territory of Russia is far from being studied enough, especially considering their high role in the formation of arctic, subarctic and boreal ecosystems. In addition, lichens are very sensitive to external influences, especially air pollution, which makes them particularly vulnerable. The same property makes us consider the group as an important indicator general condition natural environment.
The moss flora in Russia is now estimated at 1370 species, of which 22 are listed in the Red Book of Russia. But the flora of mosses has been studied even worse than that of lichens, so these data are tentative” (Biofile.ru)
In the photo Lobaria pulmonary
In the photo Letaria wolf
mosses
The list of mossy plants listed in the Red Book of Russia includes over 60 items."Moss - department higher plants, numbering about 10,000 species, united in about 700 genera and 110-120 families. Widespread in swampy areas, in coniferous forests. Participate in important natural processes to maintain the balance of the environment of soils, air, water, ecosystems. All plants have their own functions, their place, so even without moss there would be no peat, there would be no alternative to the most powerful natural sponge that holds a large number of water, which would have a negative impact on the state of landscapes as a whole. Some types of mosses are used in medicine for the preparation of medicines. Mosses and lichens play very important roles in soil formation processes.
In the photo, Alaskan Fossombronia (a rare species)
In the photo, Skapania is spherical
Mushrooms
The list of mushrooms listed in the Red Book of Russia includes 17 species. The kingdom of nature, especially the forests of Russia, is inconceivable without mushrooms. And basically, we all sympathize with butterflies, champignons, mushrooms, boletus, but besides them there are a lot of “unsightly”, inedible, moreover, poisonous mushrooms that for some reason take their place in the world of flora. Mushrooms are decomposers (collect and process dead remains into inorganic compounds), increase soil fertility, are used for food and medical purposes, and can also be harmful (for example, poisoning caused by the use of mushrooms). A lot of inedible mushrooms are listed in the Red Book of Russia (but there are also those allowed to be eaten), which is good: it means that there are plenty of edible ones, you just need to get up earlier during the picking season.
Pictured Amanita pineal
In the photo Sparassis curly (edible)
In the photo, white boletus
On liability for violating the safety of plant specimens listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation:
“According to the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation (Article 8.35), the destruction of rare and endangered plant species listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation or protected by international treaties, as well as actions (inaction) that may lead to the death of such plants, or the extraction collecting, maintaining, purchasing, selling or forwarding specified plants, their products, parts or derivatives (derivatives) without a proper permit or in violation of the conditions provided for by the permit, or in violation of any other established procedure, shall entail the imposition of an administrative fine on citizens in the amount of one thousand five hundred to two thousand five hundred rubles with confiscation of tools obtaining plants, as well as the plants themselves, their products, parts or derivatives or without it; on the officials- from fifteen thousand to twenty thousand rubles with or without confiscation of tools for obtaining plants, as well as the plants themselves, their products, parts or derivatives; on the legal entities- from three hundred thousand to five hundred thousand rubles with or without confiscation of tools for obtaining plants, as well as the plants themselves, their products, parts or derivatives.
If the batch is especially large or the collection of rare plants has led to their complete destruction, criminal liability arises.
National programs for the conservation of endangered plant species are being implemented in nature reserves, sanctuaries, national parks, fines, measures of administrative (sometimes criminal) liability are applied for violation of the preservation of natural specimens. In total, there are 66 reserves, 103 nature reserves, 47 national parks on the territory of the Russian Federation.
Siberia stretches for more than 7 thousand km from west to east, and for 3.5 thousand km from north to south, which explains the diversity of climatic conditions, soil and plant zones, richness of flora and fauna characteristic of this part of Russia. For example, in the tundra, yellow cloudberries are just beginning to grow, and in middle lane Apples and grapes are already reaching Siberia, beyond Sverdlovsk - pine forests, beyond Chelyabinsk - birch groves. Stunning wildlife and uninhabited lands - all this is the heart of Russia - Siberia, where half of the country's natural wealth is concentrated.
Vegetable world
Siberia is characterized by different natural zones - from tundra to semi-deserts. Most of the territory is occupied by coniferous forests and swamps. Dark swamps overgrown with sedge seem endless. Only lone pines rise above them, forming the so-called ryam, a moss swamp overgrown with shrubs, thanks to which rosemary, cloudberries, lingonberries, and cranberries penetrate deep into the steppe. Very close by, the pine is replaced by the birch - this is a sogra, a swampy area covered with the same shrubs and small forests. Of particular interest is the zone of monsoon mixed forests in the Far East. Meadow and steppe vegetation is represented by fescue, feather grass, bluegrass. Many species of Siberian plants are included in the Red Book: Baikal anemone, large-flowered slipper, ginseng, Fori rhododendron, petiolate hydrangea.
1 Baikal anemone
2 large-flowered slipper
3 ginseng
4 Rhododendron Fori
5 petiolate hydrangea
Animal world
In the forests of Siberia, stoats, acclimatized American minks, weasels, and white hare are common. Of the rodents, it is worth noting the Yenisei squirrel in Eastern Siberia. The Kamchatka marmot is found in the mountains. The Tuvan beaver is listed in the Red Book of Russia. The long-tailed ground squirrel is widespread in Altai. The alpine Siberian vole and lemmings live in the taiga zone. Of the insectivores, the Dahurian hedgehog is listed in the Red Book. In addition, in Siberia there are: Baikal seal, deer, roe deer, elk, bighorn sheep, Brown bear, wild boar, arctic fox, wolf, lynx, sable, wolverine, Siberian weasel, otter.
6 Tuvan beaver
7 Dahurian hedgehog
Video: Russian Wildlife 1 of 6 Siberia
There are plants whose favorable environment for life and activity is Siberia. Its landscapes, soil properties, climate. All this contributes to the growth, development and accumulation of biologically active substances. Which, by the time the plant ripens, in Siberian varieties is much larger than in similar ones in other regions. And these species themselves are mainly found only in Siberia. Here is some of them:
Badan thick-leaved
To cheer up, make yourself some tea from bergenia in the morning. This drink tones up, improves performance for the whole day. And with the addition of honey, it is also very tasty.
Most often, the plant is found on rocks, scree. In mountainous areas, at an altitude of up to 2000 meters.
You need to collect only dark brown leaves, they have accumulated the greatest amount of useful substances.
To get the best taste and effect from tea, you must first dry and grind the leaves.
Brew with boiling water for 15-20 minutes, for which you can use a ceramic teapot. After, pour into cups, add sugar or honey to taste. We drink.
Siberian cedar
Even the air is healing in the cedar forest. Spend a few hours in it and your overall health will improve.
In the old days, Siberians used to say: "In the spruce forest - to work, in the birch forest - to have fun, and in the cedar forest - to pray to God."
Fruit Siberian cedar- cones, its needles and bark are the basis for many natural medicines.
Kernels of pine nuts contributes to: strengthening the immune system, improving vision, treating and preventing intestinal diseases. Pine nuts in the daily diet are useful for the heart, blood vessels, liver, have a positive effect on the work of the central nervous system. 
The daily intake of pine nuts is 50 grams.
Pine nut shell. On its basis, vodka tinctures or decoctions are usually made. Which in turn are used for: treatment of skin diseases, colds, joint diseases, blood diseases.
In addition, butter and cedar milk are made from pine nuts. Both products are used in food and have many useful properties.
Cedar resin, or resin. This gift of cedar is a powerful antiseptic used to heal festering wounds, cuts, and burns. To heal an ulcer, it is necessary to use resin inside.
cedar needles. Has antimicrobial properties. Produces enzymes that purify the surrounding air.
On the basis of the bark, decoctions are made that increase immunity, and are also used as a diuretic and a cure for bronchial asthma, tuberculosis.
Golden root
You can recover from a serious illness, “treat your nerves”, tone up the body and stimulate mental activity with the help of the plant Radiola rosea. In particular, its roots, called the "Golden Root".
Radiola pink The above is only a small part of the useful properties of natural medicine. The peoples of Siberia consider it almost a panacea for all diseases. Giving the "Golden Root" not just healing, but magical properties.
"Golden Root" - roots of radiola pink There are many legends about the plant, one of which says: “Failures and illnesses await a person who dug up a root for selfish purposes and with unclean thoughts.”.
Basically, the root grows in the mountains or near mountain rivers. In most regions of Russia, the plant is in the Red Book. What can not be said about Altai and Tuva, where there are no restrictions on its production. The main thing to remember is that the spirits know whether your intentions are pure!
In many parts of Russia there are places where various representatives of the fauna live freely. A human foot has not set foot on these territories for decades, therefore the beauty of nature is striking in its diversity and juiciness. And to date, even human intervention has not been able to change the pristine forests, plains, mountain ranges and plateaus.
But the plants and animals of Siberia deserve special attention, most of which are listed in the Red Book. In addition, some of the herbs that grow in this vast area are medicinal, and their description will be a real clue to help you prepare aromatic tea, delicious food and healing potions.
Plants that can be harvested in Siberia
Thanks to the conditions natural environment of the vast geographical region located in the northeastern part of Eurasia, many representatives of the fauna got the opportunity to eat a variety of food, hide from predators in dense crown trees and thickets. However, plants can be consumed not only by Siberian animals, but also by humans. So, at the end of the summer, real connoisseurs of traditional medicine recipes recommend collecting the following types of herbs:
- Dandelion (roots, leaves and even flowers of the plant contain many vitamins and trace elements). Juice is made from the collected mass, which helps with diseases. Bladder, liver, kidney and diabetes. And gruel is intended for the treatment of skin diseases, ulcers and wounds.
- Badan (leaves, roots, seeds and flowers have diuretic, antimicrobial and blood-restoring properties). To prepare real Altai tea, it is best to collect blackened, dried leaves that have lain under the snow all winter.
- Burnet (a decoction of crushed roots is recommended for gastrointestinal diseases).
- Valerian - has a sedative, calming effect. The roots of the plant improve blood circulation, regulate the heartbeat, help with neuroses, insomnia and migraines.
- Hawthorn - bark, flowers and berries are great for making tea, extracts and tinctures that help with tachycardia, neuroses, arrhythmias, atherosclerosis.
In addition to these herbs, you can collect the fruits of mountain ash, sea buckthorn, cranberries, rosehips, as well as leaves of lemon balm, stinging nettle, large plantain, marigold flowers and burdock roots. All this can not only have a therapeutic effect on the body, but also fill the tea party with the aromas of summer and give unforgettable moments of pleasure.
more edible plants
Sometimes a person may find himself in a situation where he is forced to eat what grows in wild nature. In Siberia, edible plants are found almost at every turn. So, from May to June, in the swamps, off the coast of reservoirs and occasionally in the steppe zone, you can find thickets of calamus. Its crushed leaves are added to the dough, and an excellent jam is made from a white leaf rosette. Dried calamus rhizomes are also eaten. Walking along the rivers, you can also find the rhizomes of lake bulrush, sea bulrush and yellow bulrush, the powder of which is added to grain flour. They are also recommended to be boiled, fried or salted.
There are many ways to prepare salads from young leaves of quinoa, goose cinquefoil, the softest lungwort, prickly mountain grate (young) or midges. In addition, the inhabitants of Siberia recommend replacing spinach with boiled clover leaves, and coffee with roasted seeds of caragana tree-like (acacia). Also on the territory of the region there are such edible plants as dissected cow parsnip, bird mountaineer, forest angelica, tuberous gooseberry, deer moss, felt burdock, curly lily, whitehead, lungwort, stonecrop, fern, wheatgrass and other species. Soups, sauces are cooked from them, and even harvested for future use.
poisonous plants
Often, many people mistakenly assume that plants that are dangerous to health grow only in the hot tropics, but one has only to go to the country house or to the forest, and one cannot avoid meeting them. At the same time, many Siberian animals feed on them without harm to health, but they can only bring humans mortal danger. So, special care should be taken near representatives of the buttercup family, which cause poisoning. Only by smelling a bouquet of such flowers, you can get a severe burn of the skin, eyes, spasms of the muscles of the larynx and suffocation will appear. Ingested leaf juice causes nausea, vomiting, and can even affect the central nervous system.
Also in the forest and steppe zones of Siberia, a poisonous milestone, or hemlock, grows.
Dangerous substances contained in its roots and leaves spread incredibly quickly, causing convulsions, epileptic convulsions and death. It is also recommended to avoid black henbane, common wolfberry, raven eye, dope and hellebore Lobel. These plants are weeds and all parts are poisonous, especially the seeds.
Since Siberia has a predominantly continental climate with rather warm summers and cold winter, then the species diversity of the flora is simply amazing. However, some plants are still on the verge of extinction.
Rare plant species of Siberia
Mankind has been living on earth for about a million years and few people realize that the wealth of mother nature is running out - plants, animals of Siberia and other regions are dying due to soil depletion, lack of nutrients, as well as due to the economic activities of the inhabitants of the planet. And in order for the territories not to turn into a desert, some species should be protected.
So, hydrangea and forest anemone are listed in the Red Book, which blooms only once a decade. Very rarely in Siberia you can find a wolf's bast, Bardunov's megadenia, a large-flowered slipper, aralia, a tall lure and a white walnut. Also on the verge of extinction are high pot-bellied, Glen spruce, magnolia, Japanese beard, Far Eastern oaks and rhododendrons.
Especially for the conservation of some species in Altai, a botanical garden was created with a unique collection of flowers, bushes, herbs, trees and bushes.
Predators of Siberia
It is impossible to imagine the expanses of the great land without various animals that could find an abundance of food and shelters on the territory, as well as adapt to the harsh living conditions. In general, the fauna of the region, which occupies 77% of the entire territory of Russia, has about 500 species of vertebrates, 80 of which are mammals. It is much more diverse and richer than the flora, so predators such as badger, wolf, sea otter, snow leopard, weasel, fox and bear are often found here. The fauna of Siberia is also unimaginable without the lynx, wolverine, sable, arctic fox and mink. Many of them differ in size and lifestyle, but they all feed not only on berries, but also on insects, invertebrates, fish and small rodents. So, according to a certain hierarchy, the stronger absorb the weak, which are a kind of food supply.
Herbivores of Siberia. Description
When mentioning the inhabitants of the most extensive geographical region, it is always worth paying attention to fur animals, rodents and large representatives of the flora, since they are not only part of the ecosystem, but also the pride of the hunting grounds. The largest inhabitants of the East Siberian taiga are moose, reaching a weight of 500 kg, as well as reindeer, musk deer and bighorn sheep. Such animals of Siberia as squirrels, hares, chipmunks also live on the plains. Ground squirrels, capped marmots are very common in the steppe, and field mice, hamsters and goats are found in the southern part of the region. But, despite such a rich diversity, humanity still hardly manages to maintain a fragile natural balance, so the population of some representatives of the fauna has to be protected in order to save them from extinction.
Species of animals listed in the Red Book
Over the past century, residents of the entire planet have increasingly begun to learn that some species of our smaller brothers are on the verge of extinction. If this process is not stopped, then a catastrophe with grave consequences cannot be avoided, because nature will no longer be able to repeat what was created earlier. And the statistics are really not encouraging, since at the beginning of the century only one species died out, and at the present time this happens almost every day. Despite the grandiose diversity, the animals of Siberia, listed in the Red Book, still need to be protected, therefore, employees of hunting farms have to carefully monitor the small representatives of the fauna. So, at the present time, the number of Far Eastern leopards, reindeer, eared (Daurian) hedgehogs, pointed-eared bats, Amur tigers, snow leopards, Persian leopards and river beavers is sharply reduced. The tiny shrew, Tuva beaver and Barguzin sable are also becoming less common.
In order to restore the population, experts carefully study the fauna of Siberia, the features of the life of some representatives of the species, and create reserves. In addition, the population of predators is monitored, because their excessive increase threatens endangered animals.
Where endangered species are protected
Now the restoration of flora and fauna is one of the main tasks of a person who previously thoughtlessly treated the environment. Exploring new territories and extracting more and more natural resources, people gradually displaced animals, thereby endangering them. Now many species live in national parks and reserves.
So, on the territory of Eastern Siberia there are Barguzinsky and Baikalsky reserves, containing from 39 to 50 species of mammals, several hundred birds different types, amphibians and reptiles. It is also impossible not to mention the Dzherginsky Reserve, which has over 40 rare animals. In addition, conservation work is being carried out in such national parks as Shorsky, Zabaikalsky, Alkhanai, Pribaikalsky and Tunkinsky. Hunting is strictly prohibited in these places, and groups of scientists are diligently creating conditions under which the number of animals will begin to grow.
Conclusion
Of course, with the help of reserves alone it is impossible to save rare species animals of Siberia and plants. Success in this difficult task can be achieved by raising the level of ecological culture of the population - people must realize that environment is their home, and its well-being can improve the life of every inhabitant of the planet.