At first glance, it seems that there is nothing complicated in this issue. I pulled the cord and the work started. But no, there are some nuances and to save your time, read this short article, which describes in detail the instructions for starting a diesel generator.
What is a decompressor
The compression of a diesel engine is always higher than that of a gasoline engine. This makes it very difficult for both manual and electric starters to rotate the crankshaft.
A decompressor is a device that simplifies the process of starting a diesel generator set generator set. Pressing the decompressor lever slightly opens the exhaust valve, thereby breaking the tightness of the combustion chamber. This device should not be used to stop the engine; this may lead to the destruction of parts of the gas distribution mechanism.
Preparing for launch
First of all, unpack the unit and inspect it for external damage. Make sure there are no foreign objects left inside.
On the power plant instrument panel, locate the oil pressure indicator. This indicator informs us about the presence of oil pressure in internal combustion engine system. Attention, as long as there is no pressure in the oil system, the unit will not start. Before bleeding the generator fuel system for the first time, make sure that the indicator is off!
Always ground the generator. Grounding provides reliable protection from electric shock.
Ready-to-use batteries are supplied with diesel generators. Connect the power cables to the battery terminals, being sure to maintain correct polarity.
Next you need to fill in the required amount of oil. Check the instructions for your model and find out the brand of oil that suits your engine. We recommend using SAE 10W30 motor oils. Unscrew the oil filler plug, measure out the required amount and fill the engine crankcase through the oil filler neck.
The operating instructions for each diesel power plant indicate exactly how much to fill. The diesel device is lubricated under pressure, so it is necessary to distribute the oil throughout the engine’s oil tolerance system. To do this, depress the decompressor and crank the engine crankshaft using an electric starter until the emergency oil pressure lamp goes out.
Next, according to the instructions, you need to fill the tank with fuel and prepare the fuel system for operation. The fuel equipment of a diesel unit is a complex and precise mechanism, so it is sensitive to the quality of the fuel. To avoid costly repairs, purchase fuel only from trusted gas stations.
Unlike gasoline, which loses its properties within two months, diesel fuel retains its performance properties for up to six months.
After filling the tank with fuel, open the generator fuel valve. It takes a few minutes to fill the fuel system and filters. Then it is necessary to remove air from the fuel system.
First, loosen the fuel line nut a couple of turns. high pressure on the fuel pump. While holding the decompression device, turn the engine crankshaft. We do this until the fuel flows out evenly from under the nut without air bubbles. After tightening the nut, perform the same operation with the nut on the fuel injector. The generator is now ready for use.
Detailed instructions for starting a diesel generator set:
Types of starting diesel generators
Diesel power plants have two types of starting:
Manual start of diesel generator.
Manual start is redundant and allows you to start the power plant in the event of a malfunction of the engine electric start system. This type of start is used for low-power diesel generator sets. We follow the instructions and make sure that the fuel tap is open and turn on the ignition.
We pull the starter handle until noticeable resistance appears, this corresponds to the top dead center of the engine, and return the starter handle to its place. Depress the decompressor and pull the starter handle. Important It is not sharpness, but the amplitude and strength of the jerk. Next, follow the instructions.
Starting the power plant using an electric starter.
Make sure that the fuel supply valve is open and turn the ignition switch to the ON position. Keep the decompressor pressed, turn the engine crankshaft with an electric starter until it reaches maximum speed, release the decompressor while continuing to rotate the crankshaft.
Unfortunately, it is almost impossible to completely remove air from their fuel line, so a diesel electric generator may operate unstably for some time. You can speed up the process of removing air; to do this, after warming up the engine, connect a small load, approximately one third of the rated power.
After the motor has warmed up, you can connect the load with the circuit breaker turned off.
To make starting the diesel generator easier in winter, use the preheating button. With its help, the glow plug is turned on, which heats the air entering the combustion chamber. Keep the button pressed for no more than 8 seconds to prevent the candle from burning out.
Modern gasoline, diesel engines are reliable equipment with many degrees of protection. Special devices ensure the safety of powered equipment and prevent damage to the generators themselves for any reason. Despite the protection of generators from all sorts of negative factors, including those provoked by human actions, the importance of proper starting does not lose its relevance.
Starting up the equipment, as well as its operation according to the rules prescribed by the manufacturer, reduces the likelihood of malfunctions and guarantees the longest possible service life.
First actions
Once you have removed the generator from its packaging, carefully inspect it to ensure that the equipment did not suffer any damage during shipping. Make sure that all elements are present and in place, and that all hoses are securely connected to the appropriate connections.
If you decide not to use it, then it will necessarily be supplied with detailed operating instructions. It is highly recommended to study it. Even if you have experience working with liquid fuel or gas generators, do not neglect the instructions. This equipment is quite complex, and almost every model has some of its own characteristics that must be taken into account during operation.
The first thing you should do in preparation for starting is to pour engine oil into the required quantity. The generator does not require a lot of oil, so there is no need to save on buying a good synthetic option, because the service life of the device directly depends on the quality of the oil used. When choosing engine oil, it is advisable to take into account the temperature conditions characteristic of the environment the area in which your generator will be operated.
The second is choosing the right fuel. If you bought a gasoline generator, then to refuel it you should purchase unleaded gasoline, and high quality. Since the generator tank is refilled not at a gas station, but using intermediate containers, it is very important to monitor the cleanliness of the containers into which you will pour gasoline. The presence of dirt, dust or water in them is unacceptable. Water that gets into the tank of a gasoline generator, even in small quantities, can cause damage to the device.
Use only pure gasoline without any impurities. There is no need to purchase fuel with the highest octane number - the gas generator runs on 92 gasoline, 87 and 95 are not suitable. You can find it on sale today large number additives that increase the octane number. Such substances cannot be used, as they contain alcohol. Ideal option- purchase 92 gasoline at a proven gas station and pour it into clean containers.
Before starting, make sure the generator is on a level surface. There should be no water or any other liquid underneath. If the device is not equipped with a system for removing fuel combustion products (exhaust), then such a gas generator should be started outdoors. Do not forget about grounding: its presence is a prerequisite for safe operation.
Starting a gasoline and diesel generator
An external inspection should be carried out before each start-up of the equipment. If there are any malfunctions or damage that may affect operation, the generator must not be started until they are repaired.
When starting the generator, the following actions must be taken:
1. Check the oil level using a special dipstick. If it is not enough, add more. It is recommended to always have a certain supply of oil.
2. Check the fuel level in the tank.
3. The generator should be started without load. That is, if there are any devices connected to the device that it powers, disconnect them.
4. Turn on the ignition.
5. The choke must be in the CLOSED position before starting.
In the future, the process will depend on what kind of starting system the generator is equipped with.
This can be an automatic system, electric starter or mechanical start (manual).
1. Mechanical system.
In order to start a gasoline or mechanical starting system, pull the starting cord handle towards you until resistance appears. Next, pull the handle in one sharp movement. Do not release it immediately: returning the cord to the reverse position should be carried out gradually. If suddenly the engine does not start the first time, repeat the operation. After the internal combustion engine has warmed up sufficiently, you can open the air damper.
It starts a little differently. Before starting, turn on the power, then set the knob to the “On” position. and open the air damper. After you have completed these operations, you can pull the starter cord.
2. Electric starter.
Before starting a gas generator or diesel generator equipped with an electric starter, you should make sure that the battery terminals are well secured and the polarity is correct. If you decide to buy a generator with electrical system start, check whether it comes with a battery. Not all manufacturers produce generators equipped with a battery. In some cases it will have to be purchased separately. A generator with an electric starter is started using a special button on the control panel or by turning the key, like in a car.
3. Automatic starting system.
Electric generator with automatic system The trigger is turned on immediately after the main power supply stops supplying electricity. A generator that has just been switched on should not be loaded immediately. We need to let him work on idling some time so that the engine warms up sufficiently and its operation stabilizes.
Starting the gas generator
In the case of gas generators, it is also important to check the oil level before starting and completely disconnect the load.
After this, you need to do the following:
1. Open the gas supply valve.
2. Set the engine switch to the “ON” position.
3. The choke must be in the CLOSED position before starting.
4. Otherwise, the starting steps are similar to working with any other generators.
Running in the engine
If you are starting the generator for the first time, you should run in the engine. This operation facilitates the correct commissioning of the equipment and extends its service life. Run-in begins with two hours of operation of the electric generator at 50% load. At the initial stage, you should check the oil level regularly (every 4 hours of operation). During break-in, the oil should be changed after the first 20 hours of operation.
Stopping the generator
1. Disconnect the load completely.
2. Let the engine idle for a few minutes.
3. Turn off the ignition.
4. Turn off the fuel supply valve.
Regular use: tips
1. Prolonged downtime is harmful to equipment, as it reduces its service life. Any electric generator must run for at least two hours every month.
2. Frequent starts and stops are harmful.
3. Generators with air cooled need an influx fresh air. This is especially important when operating at high temperatures.
Tell:
Modern gasoline, diesel and gas generators are reliable devices that are equipped with several levels of protection.
The presence of special elements allows you to protect equipment and prevent its failure. However, even the most advanced and secure system is not able to work stably if it is not launched correctly. Only by understanding how to start a generator can you ensure efficient operation of the equipment in any conditions.
Proper startup and use of the device reduces to zero the possibility of breakdowns due to the human factor and guarantees the longevity of the generator.
Preparatory work
After unpacking the power plant, it must be carefully examined to ensure that there are no breakages or defects that could have occurred during transportation. Before starting the generator, you need to make sure that all components are connected to each other.
When purchasing a new generator, it comes with instructions from the manufacturer, which you need to read. Even if you are an experienced specialist who has already dealt with energy-generating devices, it is possible that this model is distinguished by its special properties. The generator is a high-tech device, and almost every model on the market has its own nuances that you need to pay attention to during use.
Before starting the generator, it will be necessary to fill the device with suitable and high-quality oil. Considering the fact that the generator consumes a minimal amount of oil, it is best not to save money and buy proven brands, since it is the quality of the oil that matters main role in ensuring equipment durability. In the process of choosing oil, it is necessary to take into account the features temperature regime areas where the generator will be used.
Starting different types of generator
Starting a gasoline, diesel, or gas generator must be carried out taking into account the characteristics of each individual type. Only strict adherence to the rules will allow for a correct launch and not damage the equipment.
Launch types
To turn on any unit, you need to take into account the features of the starting system. Featured on modern market generators are distinguished by the following engine starting systems:
A mechanical system that can very often be seen in gasoline and diesel power plants. In order to start such a generator, you need to pull the cord handle towards you until you feel resistance. There are times when the power unit refuses to start the first time. You just need to repeat the procedure until the generator starts working. If an inverter generator is installed, then you will need to carry out slightly different manipulations. Before starting the generator, you should connect the power and only then pull the handle and open the air damper; 
Starting using an electric starter. Before starting this type of generator, you must make sure that the terminal is securely fastened. You should also make sure that the battery is installed and ready to use. The fact is that not all manufacturers equip their units with built-in batteries, as a result of which they have to be purchased separately;
Automatic start. Distinctive feature units with a self-start function is that they turn on immediately after a power outage. Before switching the load, you need to let the unit idle so that in the future it can provide stable power generation.
Using a diesel generator in cold weather
Starting a diesel generator in the cold in winter is a complex process that requires strict adherence to the rules. Otherwise, the unit may be damaged. When trying to start the generator when low temperatures A number of problems may arise that can only be solved in a comprehensive manner.
The first way to solve this problem is to install a pre-heater on the cooling circuit of the power plant. This device is used to heat the fluid in the cooling system, which may freeze due to low temperatures.
The second option is more practical: it involves placing the diesel generator in a special container that protects the unit from excessive cold. If the device is in such a container, then starting it will not be difficult even in the most severe frosts. The distinctive advantage of such containers is that they not only protect from the cold, but also significantly reduce the level of noise produced. That is why starting a diesel generator in cold winter conditions is considered the best option.
Features of starting a gas generator
Before starting the generator gas type, it is extremely important to ensure that there is enough oil and also to disconnect the load.
After all the necessary manipulations have been completed, you should:
Turn on the tap that is responsible for the gas supply;
Turn on the power plant;
Close the air damper.
All other manipulations fully coincide with those that need to be done when working with other types of devices.
Features of engine running-in
If the power unit is being launched for the first time, it is necessary to run it in, which will have a positive effect on the durability of the device. The essence of the break-in is to turn on the equipment at 50% power and let it work for two hours. In this case, you should constantly monitor the oil level, thanks to which you will also be able to find out how much oil the generator actually consumes during its operation. Such equipment cannot stand idle for a long time, as this negatively affects its uninterrupted operation time.
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Before starting a diesel power plant (DP), it is necessary to carefully check and prepare this unit for operation. It is necessary to inspect the generator, diesel engine, panels, panels and auxiliary units, and if necessary, eliminate all visible faults. Using a megameter, you should check the insulation resistance of the device circuit, while the switches must be turned on. The resistance should not be less than 0.5 mOhm.
If the insulation resistance of the diesel power plant and the rest of the circuit drops below 0.5 mOhm, the exposed electrical insulating parts must be cleaned of dust, wiped or dried. It may be necessary to dry out the entire generator. Also, when preparing the generator for operation, it is necessary to check the discharge level of the batteries and the serviceability of the ignition system.
The fuel tank must be filled with fuel, and the valve of this tank must be set to the “Open” position.
You should make sure that there is no air in the fuel system, after which you need to fill all consumable and additional tanks, you also need to fill the internal circuit of the cooling system (if any) with water and check the water circulation in the external circuit of the cooling system.
There should be no fluid leakage in the lubrication, cooling and fuel supply systems. If necessary, tighten the clamps, clamps and sealing nuts.
Before starting, it is necessary to check the air damper mechanism and the tightness of absolutely all air cleaner connections.
The position of all switches and switches on panels, diesel automatics, as well as on generator control panels must comply with the diesel power plant operating instructions.
Must be disabled circuit breaker in the power network, and the control circuit switch must be set to the “Automatic start” or “Manual control” position.
And only after all these actions have been carried out, the DES apparatus is prepared for start-up and subsequent operation. Remember, whether you took it or purchased it, you must follow these rules before starting this device.
You can start or stop the diesel power plant either manually using the local diesel control panel or remotely using the remote control remote control. It is also possible to automatically start and stop the diesel power plant using an automation signal when changes in control parameters occur in the network or on another device.
Manual starting and stopping should be done in accordance with the instructions. After the unit is started and the diesel engine is warmed up at idle, its rotation speed should be gradually increased to maximum. Next, the generator is awakened, and using a frequency meter, the current frequency is set to 50 Hz when the diesel engine speed changes. Then, by rotating the voltage setting resistance knob, use a voltmeter to set maximum voltage generator, and after that the generator circuit breaker and the load to the generator are turned on. After start-up, the normal operation of the oil and water cooling system is checked. In order to stop the diesel power plant, it is necessary to turn off the circuit breaker, reduce the voltage on the generator itself and reduce the rotation speed, which leads to a complete stop of the diesel power plant.
When remotely automatically starting or stopping, all operations must be carried out in a given technological sequence. If the start-up is successful, the “Normal operation” light should light up. If an emergency occurs, the alarm or protection, after which the diesel engine stops.
With automatic start or stop, everything is much simpler. No personnel intervention is required here; everything happens using automated, streamlined processes.
Here, perhaps, are a few basic rules for operating diesel power plants. The preparation, start-up and operation of the unit must comply with factory instructions, whether purchased or leased. But it should be noted that it is significantly lower than the price of this unit. And rent is the best way out at the initial stage of building your business, or just in everyday life for a while.
And generators are high-tech, reliable and durable devices. All modern generators are equipped with several stages of protection. Design elements prevent device breakdowns. Under the influence of aggressive environments, and especially humans, it is necessary to start correctly.
Correct startup of the device and correct use reduce the likelihood of breakdowns and prevent its failure.
After unpacking the power station, perform a complete visual inspection. Make sure there is no damage during transportation. Check that all components are present. All hoses and tubes must be securely connected.
The generator comes with instructions; be sure to read them carefully.
Initially, before using the power plant, you should fill the installation with the required amount of engine oil. It is recommended not to skimp on high-quality motor oil; the longevity of the device depends on its good quality.
Next comes the fuel selection process. You can fill the tank of an electric generator not only at a gas station, but also using an intermediate container. Fuel containers must be kept clean. The presence of dirt, water and other foreign objects in them is not allowed.
Before starting the device, make sure that the surface on which the electric generator is installed is smooth. Running the unit with an exhaust system is prohibited indoors. Care must be taken to ground the device for safe use.
Photos of diesel generators
Starting the diesel generator
The device starts up when there is no load. There are autostart modes and an electric starter system and mechanical start (manual).
To start working with a diesel power plant with mechanical start, you need. Pull the starter cord handle until there is resistance. After this, pull the handle with a sharp movement. It is not recommended to immediately release the handle as the cord should return to its original position. If unsuccessful, repeat the procedure.
After warming up the internal combustion engine, it is allowed to open the air damper.
To start working with a diesel generator with an electric starter, you need to make sure that the battery terminals are securely fastened with correct polarity. Starting is done by pressing a special button or using a key, like on a car.
Buy various models You can find generators with manual start or auto start on our website.