The desert rose, or adenium, is a deciduous plant of East African origin with thick stems and showy flowers. It belongs to the Kutrovye family (Apocynaceae). At home, the leaves can remain on the plant all year round if there is enough heat and light. It is noteworthy that Adenium is often confused with another species whose habitat is Egypt. Desert rose, as they call it an annual herbaceous plant Cabbage family, is actually a species of Anastatica hierochuntica, and has nothing to do with the Kutrovye family. Look at the photo - the desert rose is really a very beautiful and unusual creation of nature.
Morphology
On adult specimens, the stem, or caudex, becomes swollen, thick, often bizarre in shape. This gives the adenium an unusual and amazing look. The leaves are usually bright green. During the dry season, the desert rose is covered with bright flowers. The size of adenium can reach 5 meters, but there are also varieties that need a small bowl in an apartment. Currently released a large number of desert rose hybrids. They are characterized by a wide variety of flower colors - from traditional red to striped and orange. It is worth noting that adenium is poisonous, children and pets should not come into contact with it. Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water after handling the plant.
Varieties
The desert rose is represented by a huge variety of subspecies. Let's get acquainted with the most common of them. Adenium swazicum is one of the hardiest varieties of the desert rose. It is characterized by small size and adaptability to existence in a city apartment.
Adenium arabicum (Adenium arabicum) is used as garden plant, has a thick and powerful squat trunk. The leaves of the Arabian adenium are fleshy and dense, very similar to the leaves of succulents. Interestingly, the color of its caudex is very diverse, it can have purple and pink spots.
Somali adenium (Adenium somalense). This species is characterized big sizes and a powerful, extended stem base. For the first year and a half, it grows very quickly, reaching one and a half meters in height during this time. Temperature environment when growing Somali adenium, it should not fall below 12 ° C.
Adenium obesum (Adenium obesum) has gained the greatest popularity among florists and lovers of the desert rose. Other species names are Adenium obese, Adenium thick. It is characterized by a great variety and caudex, as well as the color of the flowers. Breeders successfully use this and create more and more hybrids of Adenium obesum.
Growing conditions
The most favorable areas for growing and breeding adenium are the tropics and subtropics. Outside of these belts, the flower requires special care. Constant warmth is the main condition that the desert rose needs. The plant is very demanding on lighting. The ideal location in the apartment - by the window facing south. This will ensure that direct contact with the rose leaves is constant. sun rays. The plant should be watered rarely. AT winter period reduce water intake, but at the same time do not overdry the soil, keep it sufficiently moist. The soil for planting roses should have drainage and be slightly acidic. When buying a mixture for your future rose, choose the soil for succulents and cacti. Fertilize the adenium every summer. In order for the desert rose to grow into a more interesting and bizarre shape, use one secret. Remove the top part of the plant's root system from the soil, leaving a little more than half of them in the ground. Thus, the roots will be slightly open, and as a result of growth, along with the trunk, they will begin to form an interesting shape.
reproduction
Desert rose is a plant that propagates, as a rule, by seeds. They ripen in pods. Germination can be accelerated by spraying and periodically heating the pot from below. After a week, the first shoots will appear, and after a month, when several true leaves form on the seedlings, you can start transplanting. Desert and cuttings, but specimens grown this way may not have such thick and powerful tuberous stems as when grown from seed. Pinch off a 7-10 cm long shoot from the stem and dip it in a solution with fungicides and hormones, for example, in the Epin solution. Then plant the cutting in a small pot filled with a slightly moistened mixture of perlite and peat in a ratio of 1:3.
Transfer
The young one grabs the pot small size. But as it grows, adenium needs to be transplanted into a more spacious container. This procedure should only be carried out warm time of the year. First, make sure the soil is dry, then carefully remove the adenium from the pot. Remove old dead roots and any rot. Treat cuts formed during the transplantation with solutions - fungicidal and antibacterial. Place the rose in new pot and fill it with soil. Refrain from watering for about a week to prevent root rot, as adenium is very susceptible to this disease. Also, be careful and careful not to damage parts of the plant.
Desert rose in your garden
If you want to decorate your garden or yard with adenium, try to find the maximum for this. sunny place. The desert rose, planted in partial shade, has elongated, thin, oblong stems and is more susceptible to disease. The land in the area intended for planting should not be too wet or prone to flooding. If your garden does not have a place with dry soil, then make an embankment at least 20 cm above the main soil. It is also important that the desert rose grows out of reach automatic systems watering and spraying. Together with this species, a variety of heat-loving plants can be planted. It is important to know the optimal composition of the soil mixture, which is ideal for planting adenium in open ground. Cooking it yourself will not be difficult.
This mixture includes:
- peat - 2 parts;
- coconut fiber - 2 parts;
- sand - 2 parts;
- perlite - 1 part.
The first couple of years, the desert rose grows very quickly. At this time, it is important and necessary to supply the soil with organic and mineral nutrients. Later, the growth rate slows down, and this is normal. In spring and summer, liquid fertilizer should be applied every two weeks. And during the autumn, the intensity of fertilization needs to be reduced.
Get yourself this wonderful flower. The desert rose will help decorate a room or enliven appearance your garden.
Not yet so widely known, but quite attractive and unusual is a representative of the kutrov family - the Adenium flower, also known as the desert rose. The genus Adenium includes almost 5 thousand species, among which there are small shrubs and trees.
The desert rose has a thick stem, large flowers various colors and velvety fleshy leaves. The flowers reach a size of 6 cm and grow in tassels on the tops of the branches. Adenium has a powerful root system, which tends to grow strongly.
Under natural conditions, it can reach up to 3 meters in height, cultivated grow up to only 35 cm. The plant comes from South Africa, belongs to the succulent. Domesticated varieties are whimsical and demanding on the conditions of detention.
Adenium got its popular name desert rose because of the flowers that look like roses. The juice of the plant is poisonous, so you need to be careful when working with a flower.
In order to keep adenium in a home flower garden, to see its beautiful delicate flowers and juicy showy leaves, you need to take good care of the flower and create the required conditions for it.
Desert rose care tips
The territory of origin of this flower has a special climate, which has shaped the needs of adenium, which must be satisfied so that the flower pleases the owners with its feed and flowering.
Choosing a place for a flower
Adenium is a photophilous plant, and therefore the best place in the apartment there will be a room for him, the windows of which face the south, west or east side. When summer comes, it is better to put a flower pot on a balcony or loggia.
Lighting
Adenium is one of the few plants that loves when the sun's rays fall directly on it. The more sun indoors, the better for this succulent. When the illumination becomes worse, which usually happens with the onset of winter, then watering is immediately reduced.
Temperature conditions
The homeland of succulents has a hot climate, which is why they love high temperature in the room where they are kept. The most favorable temperature range in summer is from +25 degrees to 30 degrees, and in winter from 12 to 15 degrees Celsius.
When the temperature drops below this indicator, the plant slows down its growth and sheds its leaves. When the temperature rises above 30 degrees, stagnation is also observed, that is, growth stops. In winter, with a decrease in temperature, watering is also reduced, otherwise the roots of the plant will begin to rot.
Watering mode
In the hot season, watering is needed moderate, the next time it is watered only after the earthen clod has dried. In winter, water with a minimum amount of water and focus on the condition of the plant.
The main rule of watering adenium, with a decrease in light or temperature, watering is also reduced.
If watering is reduced, while lighting and temperature are left unchanged, then the rose will stop developing, and in the worst case, it will dry out. Humidity does not of great importance, and you do not need to spray the flower.
Plant transplant
Transplanted pets as needed in spring or summer. Young succulents need to be transplanted every year, adult specimens every 2-4 years. The rose tolerates the transplant well, but it is not worth picking up a large pot right away for him.
Otherwise, the root system will begin to grow strongly and this will affect the vegetation of the ground parts. big pot you need to water more abundantly, and the water not used up by the roots will stagnate and cause the root system to rot.
When a young specimen is actively growing, it is better to pick up pots a little larger and transplant it every three months. When the plant gets older, it will not grow as actively and such frequent repotting will not be required.
In order for the transplant to go well, you need to water the plant a few days before it. When transplanting, do not destroy the earthen ball, and use the transshipment method. This method avoids injury root system and the plant will quickly take root in a new pot and grow. Adenium is placed in a new pot with a lump and the soil is poured around.
Soil Requirements
Adenium loves light, humus-rich soil with a neutral pH. Various rippers are added to the prepared soil for cacti, which help to increase soil aeration. As such ingredients, you can take perlite, sand, expanded clay of small fractions or charcoal.
plant formation
The crown is formed by cutting and pinching the shoots. In order for the plant to branch well and to give it a cultivated appearance, it is necessary to remove the branches in full or in part in a timely manner. Pinching is the process of removing short segments up to 2 cm of apical and lateral shoots.
This is the same as pruning, the difference is only in the length of the pruned branches. Prune the plant in the spring, four weeks after transplanting. You can not cut the plant when it is in a dormant period. Water the plant two days before pinching. Cut off the shoot a little higher than the sleeping kidney.
Feeding
You need to feed adenium every three weeks. Fertilizers intended for cacti or universal complex fertilizers are suitable as top dressing. Feeding is best done more often, but in small doses.
Overfeeding the plant causes explosive growth all parts, but they grow weak and thin. Such a plant often loses decorative look and more often than others, suffers from rot.
Desert roses are well suited and organic fertilizers. You can make chicken manure or horse dung. These fertilizers are dug into the top layer of soil. If during the period when it is necessary to apply top dressing, the plant is sick or has undergone a transplant, then top dressing is canceled for a while. In winter, the plant is also not fed, as it hibernates.
Pests and diseases of adeniums
Like most indoor plants these . This pest sucks the juice and entangles them with cobwebs. Pests live in large colonies and multiply rapidly. The tick quickly depletes the plant and eventually it dries up and dies.
The first sign of the appearance of a tick is light dots on the leaves. In adenium, they are fleshy and dark, so the bite marks of these insects will be immediately noticeable. The best way to deal with it is with insecticides.
Adenium gets sick very rarely, plant diseases are most often associated with improper care. Mainly on roots and leaves rot develops. The reason for its appearance is waterlogging of the soil in a pot.
Then you need to dry the soil a little, and remove the rotten parts. if the soil is heavily flooded, then it is better to transplant the plant. A sharp drop in temperature, drafts, combined with dampness, cause the development of putrefactive bacteria that infect leaves and roots.
In fact, the maintenance and care of a desert rose does not require special skills. Subject to the recommendations, this beautiful tree can be grown even by a beginner. By implementing proper care and care for the desert rose, in return it will give many beautiful flowers and decorate the flower garden with dignity, becoming the pride of the owner.
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