So, you have become the owner of a brand new power tool. In your hands is a multifunctional drill, a powerful hammer drill or a very convenient screwdriver, and you are going to literally turn mountains in the construction and installation business. Whether you are an experienced professional or a beginner who decides to screw on a shelf in the country, it is important for you to know how to use a power tool correctly. Then he served for a long time, and his unexpected failure will not derail your plans and empty your wallet.
Needless to say, any tool, no matter how expensive, reliable and “indestructible” it may be, is still subject to wear and sometimes breaks. Sometimes the loads during operation are such that the need arises even before the expiration of the warranty period.
How to prepare for a warranty repair? In what cases will your power tool be accepted for warranty repair without any questions, and in which cases will they refuse? How and by whom is a warranty case determined?
We will answer these questions in this article.
Let's say right away: the decision whether the repair will be warranty or you will have to pay for it does not depend on the mood of the administrator or the master.
How the warranty case is defined in theory
The main condition of the warranty repair is obvious fault of the manufacturer. In other words, if it is clear that a factory defect led to the failure or breakdown of the power tool, the repair will be guaranteed. production failures.
And vice versa, if the power tool is out of order due to incorrect actions of the owner, then the repair will be paid. Such breakdowns are called operational failures.
How the guarantee case is determined in practice
In most cases, to find out the causes of a breakdown, diagnostics are required, and sometimes technical expertise. When disputes arise between the owner of the power tool and the service center, such an examination can be carried out by a third, independent party.
Any manufacturer of power tools sets very clear conditions that determine the occurrence of a warranty case. Almost every breakdown is accompanied by some kind of “symptoms”, and it is not difficult for a specialist to detect and correctly identify them. In the same way, the doctor instantly determines the disease by signs that the patient himself may not say anything.
It is useful for everyone who uses a power tool to know what and in what cases the owner of a power tool can expect when visiting a service center.
Well-formed documents
Before accepting a faulty power tool for repair, the master or the administrator of the service center will definitely check the availability of a passport, a warranty card and a check from a trade organization confirming the purchase.
The warranty card must include:
tool model;
serial number of the tool;
date of manufacture;
Date of sale;
price;
trade organization stamp;
seller's signature;
Buyer's signature confirming acceptance of the warranty terms.
The service center has the right to refuse warranty repairs:
if the owner of a faulty power tool does not have a warranty card or receipt;
if the warranty card does not correspond to the established sample;
if the warranty card is not filled out or filled out incorrectly;
if serial number the instrument is missing, damaged or altered;
if expired guarantee period calculated from the date of sale.
If all documents are in order, a representative of the service center will conduct an external inspection of the faulty power tool.
Determination of damage by appearance
Traces of severe contamination, opening or external influences of any origin will most likely cause warranty repairs to be denied. Therefore, before visiting the service center, you should carefully inspect the power tool. Of course, a rotary hammer or a grinder are not the kind of devices that coffee is usually spilled on, but still check for signs of careless use on your power tool.
External signs that may serve as reasons for refusing warranty repairs:
damage to body parts, handles, power cord, plug, rubber and plastic dust protection elements;
severe contamination of the ventilation windows and the internal volume of the power tool with dust, foreign bodies, liquids, etc.;
corrosion on metal surfaces;
thermal damage;
disassembled state;
there are signs of opening the power tool outside the service center.
It is worth remembering that the representative of the service center must examine the nozzles and other accessories that were on the tool at the time of its failure. And if they are damaged, blunt or not standard, warranty repairs can also be denied - the wrong bits, drills or discs can damage the power tool.
Determination of electrical faults
Electrical damage is one of the most common power tool failures. Many of these failures are due to excess load due to worn drills, drills or discs or their jamming in the material being processed. The service center master, as a rule, is well versed in the consequences of such loads.
Warranty will be denied if:
the armature and stator windings burned out at the same time, and the color of the armature winding changed evenly;
the circuit breaker failed together with the burnt armature and stator;
the switch failed due to clogging, including the adjustment wheel;
the switch is mechanically damaged;
the power cord or plug has been replaced;
the armature or stator insulation is mechanically damaged due to contamination or ingress of a foreign object;
there is wear of the teeth of the armature shaft and the driven gear with non-working lubrication. Metal armature shaft with blue;
brushes are mechanically damaged as a result of careless operation or tool falls;
brushes are worn naturally;
as a result of intensive operation, the resource of the tool has been exhausted before the end of the warranty period;
the collector is damaged due to the use of non-original brushes.
Repair of a power tool with a high degree will be covered under warranty if:
as a result of an interturn circuit, the armature of the electric motor burned out, and the stator coils did not change the resistance;
there is a strong sparking on the armature collector due to the interturn short circuit of the armature;
the electrical insulation of the power cord, stator or armature windings is broken;
there was a break in the armature winding due to poor-quality impregnation;
there is significant wear of the teeth of the armature shaft with working lubrication and no other damage;
an internal electrical failure has occurred.
Determination of mechanical damage
Any power tool is subjected to mechanical stress - this is the specifics of its work. To ensure normal operation and reduce the harmful effects of loads, it is required regular maintenance, cleaning and lubrication.
If the mechanical components of the tool are dirty, and the lubricant is old and inoperative, then failure gears, shafts, gearboxes, toothed belts and other mechanical components will not be considered a warranty case.
On the contrary, destruction or abnormally rapid wear of mechanical components in the absence of external damage and normal operating lubrication, likely to result in a warranty repair.
Although general principle definition of a warranty case for all manufacturers of power tools is the same, in the details there may be differences between them. This is due, for example, to different legislative framework or different from the factory.
But, as a rule, the guarantee does not cover:
for accessories and equipment (batteries, discs, knives, drills and drills, cartridges, soles grinding machines, filters).
on wear parts (brushes, rubber seals, protective covers).
Summary
- The list of conditions required to perform warranty repairs may vary slightly depending on the manufacturer.
To accept a power tool for warranty repair, properly executed documents are required: product passport, check, warranty card.
The manufacturer's warranty covers only those power tool failures that are associated with factory defects.
Consequences of careless operation, overload, absence or lack of Maintenance, external damage of any origin will be considered a reason for denial of warranty repairs.
Albatros-Service produces power tools of any manufacturer and is an authorized service center for the repair of BOSCH and Metabo power tools.
You can order have us and replace ourselves. If everything is in order, check the cable and switch.
Also, if there is sparking, pay attention to the armature collector.
Of course, when it wears out, you will have to change it yourself. anchor. And then electronics block(most often it is easier to change than to repair).
2. Increased noise and vibration
Most likely the cause is in the gearbox: worn out bearings, parts are out of balance, there are backlashes or distortions gears. With such problems it is better to contact the service, although bearings you can change it yourself if you have a puller. If you change gears, then they change in pairs so that the new one does not “eat” the old one.
3. Strong sparking and burning smell
May occur due to overloading the power tool. It is deplorable if this is not a factory defect (if your tool is still under warranty), then you will have to change the anchor at your own expense.
Sometimes the cost of repairs "rolls over" and, most likely, it will be more profitable to buy new tool.
Some malfunctions of the perforator:
Boyok this is what directly pushes your drill, moving between piston and a drill shank. So the harder you press on the puncher, the more often the blow occurs, due to a decrease in the stroke of the striker, and the impact force decreases accordingly. And as a result, the striker breaks down. So, you should not put pressure on the puncher because of all your strength, this is not a drill for you!
Working with a "dry" drill
What happens when you forget to lubricate the drill? First, the o-rings wear out, and then the striker.
Well, and then all the other mechanisms, and then ... this is no longer a puncher. So do not forget to lubricate the drill, at least with lithol, but there are special lubricants.
Dust exposure
The puncher gets the most barrel. Dust, getting into it, dust helps wear parts. What is there to advise. Of course, after each case of work you will not wipe the puncher with a cloth, but sometimes you need to carry out preventive maintenance to your “assistant”.
Advice:
If the punch has lost its impact, it is better to stop using it. Why?
Look at the principle of the impact: the piston, moving forward, compresses the air and the resulting cushion cushions the drummer back, and then pushes it forward. But due to the wear of the compression ring, air breaks out of the piston. As a result, the blow weakens, and work should be stopped and measures taken. Since there is no longer any depreciation and a head-on collision of two parts is obtained: a cylinder (light) and a drummer (heavy). Who gets more? .. It's not difficult to guess. Like this!
- PUNCH HEAD BREAK
Many defects, through the fault of the manufacturer, emerge in the first two weeks. If your power tool has worked for this period, then there is no factory defect in it, and all subsequent breakdowns will occur through your fault, it's a shame, but a fact!
The guarantee of long operation of your tool is: its use for its intended purpose, timely replacement brushes, preventing overheating of your tool and timely preventive maintenance.
Home page » Some malfunctions that may occur with power tools.
Chipping of the cutting elements of the tool or its breakage
The causes of tool chipping and breakage are often the same and can therefore be considered together.
1. One of the main causes of these problems is the increased fragility of the tool material. With regard to mineral ceramics and hard alloys, this feature has already been noted more than once. High speed steels have sufficient strength, but in practice one often has to deal with increased brittleness of high-speed tools, which is caused by poor quality of the material (presence of foreign inclusions, large carbide heterogeneity, etc.), improper forging of workpieces or incorrect heat treatment; in the latter case, an excessively high hardness of the tool is also often found. It must be remembered that the hardness of the tool, which has protruding areas of small thickness on the cutting blade, prone to chipping, should be somewhat lower than the hardness of simple-shaped peeling tools.
Finally, it should be taken into account that cyanidation, which increases tool life, is associated with some increase in its fragility. Therefore, as already mentioned in Chap. I, cyanidation of instruments with a small cross section often has to be abandoned.
2. Overload cutting tool with too large a cut section, with increased strength of the material of the part, or with excessive blunting of the tool, i.e., work in conditions where the magnitude of the expended cutting forces exceeds those for which the tool design is designed. When milling, tool overload often occurs due to excessive runout of the cutter teeth, a sharp approach of the part to the cutter (before automatic feed is turned on), and a large unevenness of milling due to an insufficient number of cutter teeth.
3. Weakening of the cutting part of the tool as a result of improper sharpening (with too large front or back angles).
4. Turning the tool with a rotary working movement (milling cutters, drills, countersinks) due to poor fit of the cones of the tool shank (or mandrel) and the hole in the machine spindle causes breakage, as it leads to sharp increase loads on the cutting blades (if the automatic feed does not stop).
5. Chip jamming and poor evacuation is one of the most common causes breakage of multi-blade tools.
When working with simple through cutters, the chips come off freely. When working with cutters, broaches, taps, drills for drilling deep holes, all the chips removed must be placed in the grooves between the tool teeth, and if the volume of these grooves is insufficient (which happens especially often when processing very viscous metals, such as mild steel, aluminum, which give drain chips, which occupy a large volume), then they are clogged with chips and the tool breaks.
A typical example is the frequent breakdown of small taps. It is not uncommon for taps, regardless of their diameter, to have four flutes. With a small tap diameter (4-6 mm), this leads to a very small volume of grooves, and the tap core, in turn, is also weakened. Therefore, for small taps, the number of grooves should be reduced, taking two grooves with a thread diameter of up to 8 mm, three grooves from 8 to 14 mm, and four or more grooves over 14 mm.
Cutters that remove large chips from steel parts must have a sufficient volume of depressions between the teeth; if regrinding of cutters is carried out only on the rear surfaces, then it is necessary to deepen the grooves from time to time.
The length of the working part of the drill, on which there are helical grooves, must exceed the drilling depth. If the walls of the hole close the grooves and do not give an exit for the chips, then the breakage of the drill is inevitable.
6. Unsatisfactory quality of the cutting fluid in terms of lubrication of the working surfaces of the tool can lead to spalling. With high lubricating and "cutting" properties of the fluid, cutting forces are significantly reduced; if the liquid does not get on the cutting surfaces at all, then the tool seizes, crumbles and breaks.
7. Chipping and breakage of tools can be caused by causes beyond the control of the tools themselves and rooted in malfunctions of the machine or fixture.
Examples are: a lot of slack in the feed mechanism drilling machine, as a result of which the drill is fed unevenly, jerkily and is heavily overloaded (especially when exiting the hole); development of guides or lead screw nuts milling machine; distortions of the part in the reamer, as a result of which the reamer does not fall into the pre- drilled hole; strong vibrations of the tool and workpiece, etc.
Particularly often, tools equipped with hard alloy plates or miner aloceramics, which are characterized by increased fragility and require great care in operation, break and break.
In addition to the reasons discussed above, the following circumstances may also lead to chipping and breakage of such tools.
8. The presence of small cracks on the plates (sometimes in the form of a barely noticeable "grid"), which appear as a result of a sharp cooling of the instrument after soldering the plates or wrong technology sharpening (the use of abrasives with inappropriate characteristics; excessive speed of rotation of the grinding wheel or its movement along the surface to be sharpened; sharp cooling of the hard alloy during sharpening; manufacturing quality of the hard alloy itself. Characteristically, cracks caused by sudden cooling or improper sharpening usually appear in the form of straight or broken lines or a broken grid, while carbide defects can lead to cracks in the form of smooth curved lines of considerable width.
Interruptions in the supply of coolant lead to cracking and subsequent chipping of the plates, since in this case the heated hard alloy undergoes a sharp cooling. Care must be taken to ensure that there is sufficient coolant flow and that the swarf does not obstruct the carbide insert. If these requirements cannot be met, then it is better to work without cooling at all.
In high-speed milling, coolant should not be used, since alternation of heating and sudden cooling is inevitable here.
Measures to prevent cracking of carbide inserts are described in the chapters above.
9. The chipping of plates made of hard alloy and mineral-ceramic can be caused by non-compliance with those special requirements for the geometry of the tool that contribute to increasing the strength of the cutting blade: the absence of chamfers with a negative rake angle or their small width, insufficient angle of inclination of the main cutting blade (especially when working with impacts). ), too large clearance angles, lack of transitional cutting blades (for milling cutters).
10. If the dimensions of the chip guard are wrong - its width is too small and its depth is too large - the steel chips are wedged in it and this causes chipping of the cutting blades.
11. Chipping and breakage of carbide and mineral-ceramic plates are often caused by non-compliance with the elementary rules for operating tools - careless handling of cutters, stopping the rotation of the spindle when automatic feeding etc. It is unacceptable to move a non-rotating cutter over an already machined surface when retracting after a working pass.
When working with cutters with mineral-ceramic plates, chipping often occurs as a result of impacts during cutting. Therefore, you should pre-cut the end of the workpiece or chamfer it, as well as plunge in with manual feed. It is undesirable to use such cutters for processing short parts with a large number of radial infeeds and exits.
Carbide and mineral-ceramic tools should be stored and transported in conditions that exclude impacts on the plates.
12. Mineral-ceramic and hard-alloy plates are especially often chipped when working with vibrations. The causes of vibrations and ways to eliminate them will be discussed below.
13. The goals of chipping and breakage of the plates cannot be eliminated by any means, then you should try to use a more durable carbide; in some cases, it turns out to be expedient to replace the hard alloy with high-speed steel.
stats most characteristic faults requiring the intervention of specialists, gives good reason to assert that most breakdowns could actually be avoided. Naturally, part of the blame lies with the manufacturing plants, everyone can face marriage. However, most of these breakdowns are detected during the warranty period, so they are fixed free of charge.
1. Broken hammer clutch. The reason is switching under load.
2. Damage to the gear tooth of the puncher caused by a factory defect or impact.
3. Unsuccessful attempt to self-parse the perforator. Mounting screws broken
4. Lightweight puncher. The thrust bearing jammed and turned in the seat. The reason is the ingress of dust into the bearing; warranty case, but if the care of the instrument was more thorough, the breakdown could be delayed
5. Bursting barrel of a heavy perforator with a clamped drill shank. One of the probable reasons is an oblique hit of the drill on steel reinforcement.
6. Fracture of the striker of the impact mechanism of a heavy perforator. Reason - oblique hit of the drill on steel reinforcement
7. Riveted drill shank
8. Wear on the inner surface of the barrel (with a change in diameter) and guides. The likely reason is long-term operation without lubrication of the drill shank.
9. Wear of the winding armor under the action abrasive dust with a broken winding wire. This happens with a tool that is thrown on a dirty floor without waiting for the engine to stop completely.
10. Seizures on the armature lamellae caused by a jammed brush clip. Moral - brushes need to be checked sometimes
11. Drill. Cartridge failure due to dust and dirt
12. "Licked" anchor shaft circular saw. The reason is the start of work before the engine reaches maximum speed.
13. Rusted and jammed motor construction vacuum cleaner. Consequences of storage in a damp room
14. Overheating, jamming and sawing the roller on a working jigsaw
15. Jigsaw. Wear of the worm gear of the armature and the main helical gear. The reason is that they started sawing before the engine gained full speed.
16. Jigsaw. Consequences of the fall
17. Jigsaw. The ingress of sawdust through the anther into the gearbox led to damage to the parts. The warranty case, since a bad boot is to blame, but if the user connected the vacuum cleaner, there would be no problem at all.