If you have an unnecessary washing machine motor, do not rush to throw it away. The electric motor is used in other areas of everyday life and economics. If you know how to connect the electric motor correctly, you can get a machine for sharpening scissors and knives. Or make it the driving force of a concrete mixer.
We will tell you how to connect the motor from a washing machine with your own hands.
For an engine to work, it needs power. Connecting to electricity yourself involves connecting the wires correctly. Therefore, you will need a washing machine motor wiring diagram.
To work you need stator and rotor wires. But how to find them? A visual inspection reveals many wires. How to decide which one you need?
Let's look at how to connect an electric motor with 3, 4 and 6 wires.
Look at the motor. There are two wires on the left side - they are not used. Often the manufacturer paints them white. For clarity, look at the photo below:
The orange arrows point to the red and brown wires. These are the stator terminals. The blue arrows point to the wires leading to the rotor brushes. These four wires are needed to connect the motor from the washing machine.
Wiring colors may vary from manufacturer to manufacturer. Therefore, use the tester for an accurate check.
Measure the resistance of each wire to find its pair. Clean the contacts and connect the tester probe to them. Record your readings. Next, ring all the wires in turn until everyone has a pair.
Connecting the motor from a washing machine is not difficult. You don't need starting windings and capacitors, just know how to connect the connections correctly.
To do this:
- Connect the ends of the wires from the stator and rotor. Be sure to insulate the contact area.
- Connect the remaining two wires to a 220 Volt voltage source.
Be careful! When connected to electricity, the motor from the washing machine will start (turn on). At the same time, it can vibrate strongly, so ensure that the motor is located in a safe location in advance.
The connection was successful. If you need to change the direction of rotation, swap the wires leading to the rotor. See the diagram in the photo:
This launch option is suitable for parts of modern SMAs. How to connect an electric motor from an old washing machine? The work is more painstaking than in the first case. You will need a start relay and a non-latching button.
- Set the tester to resistance measurement mode.
- Apply the probes to the motor windings, comparing the readings. We need to find paired windings.
It is important to understand that the working winding always shows less resistance than the starting winding.
The asynchronous motor of the washing machine is connected according to this diagram:
Let's take a closer look at how to connect the SMA motor according to the diagram. To do this, let’s decipher the symbols:
- SB stands for switch button. It allows you to connect a winding to the power supply.
- The software is a starting winding that allows you to create torque. You can coordinate it in one direction.
- OB – working winding or excitation winding. Creates a magnetic field for rotation.
You need to apply electricity to the field winding. To do this, directly connect it to a 220 Volt network. Short-term power is also supplied to the starting winding, only using the button (SB).
Now you know how to turn on the motor (motor) of a washing machine. To start it you need to press a button. Changing the direction of rotation occurs according to the previous principle - the wires change places.
The working motor from the SM can be used for household needs. Have you decided to tile your yard? Make a homemade vibrating table.
You will need one plate, secured with moving parts to the base. Running the electric motor from the washing machine will help move the stove. By releasing air from the concrete, you can improve the quality of the tiles, making them stronger and more durable.
You can also make a concrete mixer, but you will need an additional tank. Metal blades in the shape of the letter “P” are installed inside the tank. The drain hole closes. How to connect a washing machine motor to a homemade concrete mixer can be seen in the video:
If you have a little knowledge of technology and have a desire to do something with your own hands, then you will find a use for the motor. You already know how to start the engine from a washing machine, so get to work. A video on the topic will help you:
When determining a suitable location for a washing machine, among other things, it is important to know its dimensions: height, width and depth, which should be studied at the stage of choosing a machine.
Unpacking and installing the washing machine
When the washing machine finally arrives from the store to your home, you need to empty it from the packaging, remove the cardboard box, remove the foam, remove the shipping pallet on which it stands from under the machine, etc. (The box should also contain an instruction manual, don’t be lazy to read it.)
After the machine is freed from the packaging and moved to its designated place, it is necessary to remove the shipping (locking) screws securing the drum of the machine. These screws are installed by the manufacturer to protect the washing machine from damage during transportation. To remove them, you need to unscrew the screws located on the back wall of the machine using a wrench (it is not necessary to unscrew them completely) and pull them to pull out the rubber and plastic bushings from the holes, as shown in Figure 1.
If for some reason the bushing does not come out or, on the contrary, has fallen inside the machine (for example, if the screw has been completely unscrewed), they can be removed by removing the back panel using a Phillips screwdriver as shown in Figure 2.
In the holes formed after removing the shipping screws, you need to insert special plugs that come with the washing machine.
IMPORTANT! Attempting to start the washing machine with the transport screws installed may result in damage and failure!
The washing machine must be installed strictly horizontally on a flat and hard surface; a soft floor covering will contribute to an increased level of vibration of the machine.
After installing the machine, you should check whether it stands firmly by holding the top of the washing machine with your hands and shaking it; if the machine rocks on its legs, they need to be adjusted so that they all stand firmly on the floor. To do this, you need to loosen the lock nut using a wrench and then unscrew or tighten the leg (support) itself to the desired height by hand, as shown in Figure 3. After the desired height of the leg is set, you need to tighten the lock nut again with a wrench.
This completes the preparation of the washing machine for operation. The next step is to connect the washing machine to the water supply, sewerage and electrical networks:
Connecting the washing machine to the water supply
The washing machine must be connected to cold water using the special hose that comes with it:
As you can see in the picture above, this hose has 2 outlets with nuts: one L-shaped (rotated 90 0) - for connecting to a washing machine, the second - straight, used to connect to the water supply system.
We screw the L-shaped outlet of the hose to the washing machine:
The hose is usually connected to the water supply through special taps with a thread diameter of 20 mm (¾ inch) for its connection.
NOTE: If the length of the standard hose included with the machine is not enough, you can separately purchase a similar hose of greater length at any plumbing store.
The most common way to connect a washing machine to a water supply system is to connect through a three-way ball valve (ball valve tee):
Most often, such a faucet is used when installing a washing machine under the sink (or near it), or in the toilet, in which case its installation will take no more than 20-30 minutes:
As you can see in the picture above, a three-way faucet can be installed at the point where the water supply hose of a mixer or toilet flush barrel is connected to the water supply; for this you need:
- Turn off the water supply taps.
- Using an adjustable wrench, unscrew the water supply hose to the mixer (toilet) from the cold water supply pipe.
- Wrap flax or FUM tape around the threads of the cold water supply pipe to seal the future connection.
- Screw a three-way tap onto the prepared thread of the cold water supply pipe using an adjustable (pipe) wrench.
- Screw the water supply hose of the mixer (toilet) onto the 15 mm external thread of the three-way faucet.
- Screw the water supply hose to the washing machine onto the 20 mm external thread of the three-way tap
That's all, the washing machine is connected to the water.
There are also less popular ways to connect a washing machine to a water supply system, such as installing a crimp coupling, for which a hole with a diameter of 10 mm is drilled in the water pipe, a crimp coupling is installed on this hole, into which a 15x20 mm angle ball valve is screwed:
Video of installation of a crimp coupling for connecting a washing machine:
If there is no water supply near the installation site of the washing machine, you will have to run a separate pipeline to the machine by cutting it into the existing water supply system using special tee couplings, but it is better to entrust this matter to a specialist.
Connecting the washing machine to the sewer
The washing machine is connected to the sewer through its drain hose, which, as a rule, should be installed above the drain elbow (siphon) into a sewer pipe with an internal diameter of at least 40 mm in order to prevent wastewater from being sucked back into the machine. In this case, the drain hose should be at a height of 60 to 90 cm from the floor level as shown in the figure below:
The easiest way to connect the machine to the sewer is to lead the drain hose directly into the sink, bathtub or toilet; in this case, the hose must be secured at the bend with a special bracket:
Another fairly simple way to connect a washing machine to a sewer system that does not require large investments is to connect the washing machine drain to a special branch of the sink siphon; if there is no such branch, you need to replace the existing siphon with a siphon with a special branch, attach a drain hose to it and clamp it with a clamp:
Video of connecting the washing machine drain to the washbasin siphon:
If the methods listed above for connecting the machine to the sewer are not suitable, you will have to cut special tees into the existing sewer pipe and, if necessary, connect a separate pipe to the washing machine, but it is better to entrust this matter to a specialist.
Connecting the washing machine to the mains
The washing machine must be connected to the electrical network through a plug socket with a grounding contact and a rated current of 16 Amps:
The connection to this socket must be made with a three-core cable with a core cross-section of 2.5 mm 2 - for aluminum, or 1.5 mm 2 - for copper, i.e. it is necessary to use cable AVVG 3x2.5 (aluminum three-core cable) or VVG 3x1.5 (copper three-core cable):
In turn, the above cable must be connected through a rated current of 16 Amps and a leakage current of 30 mA (milliamps):
If the existing electrical wiring does not meet the above requirements for the washing machine, a separate line should be drawn from the input electrical panel, or from the floor panel if the machine needs to be connected in an apartment.
To connect the machine to the electrical network, you will need the following materials:
Work on connecting the washing machine to the electrical network is carried out in the following order:
1) In the selected location, install a socket on the wall using plastic dowel-nails 6x50 (holes for dowels in the wall are drilled using a drill or hammer drill with a Pobedit drill bit with a diameter of 6mm 2). Connect the cable to the outlet.
3) We install the difavtomat in the electrical panel, connect it to the power supply and connect the cable drawn from the outlet to it:
The difavtomat must be installed in an electrical panel on a DIN rail; if there is not enough space for it on the existing rail, an additional DIN rail must be installed.
The phase wire (red in the diagram, white in the cable) is connected to the upper contact of the existing circuit breaker of the apartment in which the washing machine is installed and is connected to the upper contact of the automatic machine.
The working zero (blue in the diagram and in the cable) is connected from the zero bus to the upper contact of the difavtomat, marked “N”.
The protective zero/grounding wire (yellow-green in the diagram and in the cable) is connected directly to the neutral bus, or to the grounding bus if available, it is important that the wires of the working and protective zeros in the electrical panel are clamped under different bolted connections, twist these two wires together and clamp them under a common contact strictly prohibited! 5
A home handyman often has to do things on the farm that are not always easy or convenient to do by hand. In this case, various machines come to the rescue. But for this you need a device that will set them in motion, for example, an electric motor. But although three-phase asynchronous motors are simple to design and very common, it is not always possible to find and buy capacitors for them. So you can use . In this article we will look at a diagram for connecting the motor from the washing machine to the network for forward rotation and reverse.
What motors are used in washing machines?
Most washing machines use commutator motors. They are convenient because they do not require starting and operating capacitors and can be directly connected to the network. In addition, a simple speed controller for them can be bought at any electrical goods store.
The commutator motor from a washing machine consists of:
Rotor with collector;
Brush unit;
Tachogenerator or hall sensor.
To measure engine speed and regulate them, tachogenerators or hall sensors are used. They are not used for normal engine starting from a 220V network, but are needed to work with complex speed controllers that maintain power on the shaft regardless of its load (within rated limits, of course).
Connection diagram
Initially, the motors from the washing machine are connected to the network using a terminal block. If it was not removed before you, when inspecting the engine you will see a similar picture:
The order of the wires may vary, but basically their purpose is as follows:
2 wires from brushes;
2 or 3 wires from the stator winding.
2 wires from the speed sensor.
Note:
If you have three wires from the stator, then one of them is the middle terminal, used to increase the speed in the spin mode. Then if you find that one pair of wires gives a higher resistance than the other pair, then connecting to the ends with higher resistance the speed will be lower, but the torque will be higher. And if you choose terminals with less resistance, then on the contrary - the speed is higher and the torque is lower.
Depending on the specific model, the block may contain contacts for some kind of protection, for example, thermal protection, etc. As a result, to simply connect to the network, we need four wires, for example, these:
Let us remember that most booster motors are brushed motors with series excitation. What does it mean? It is necessary to connect the stator winding in series with the field winding, that is, with the armature winding.
To do this, you need to connect one end of the stator winding to the network wire, connect the second end of the stator winding to the wire of one of the brushes, and connect the second brush to the second network wire, this connection diagram is shown in the figure below.
Reverse
In practice, it happens that for wall applications it is impossible to mount the motor in a different plane, then its direction of rotation may not be suitable for you. There is no need to despair. To change the direction of rotation of the motor from the washing machine, you just need to switch the ends of the stator winding and the excitation winding.
In order to be able to switch the direction of rotation of the motor during operation, you need to use a DPDT type toggle switch. These are six-contact toggle switches in which there are two independent contact groups (two poles) and two positions in which the middle contact is connected to either one or the other extreme contact. Its internal diagram is shown above.
The connection diagram for the motor from the washing machine with the ability to switch the direction of rotation is shown below.
You need to solder the wires from the brushes to the extreme contacts of the toggle switch, and the wire from the stator winding to one of the middle contacts, and the network wire to the second. The second end of the stator winding is still connected to the network. After this, you need to solder jumpers to the free two contacts “crosswise”.
Speed adjustment
The speed of all commutator motors is easily adjustable. To do this, the current through their windings is changed. This can be done by changing the supply voltage, for example, cutting off part of a phase, reducing the effective voltage value. This control method is called Pulse-Phase Control System (PPCS).
In practice, to adjust the motor from the washing machine, you can use any power of 2.5-3 kW. You can use a dimmer for lighting lamps, but in this case, replace the triac with a BT138X-600 or BTA20-600BW, for example, or any other with a 10-fold current reserve relative to the motor consumption, unless of course the original characteristics are sufficient. You can see the connection diagram below.
But the simplicity of the solution comes at a price. Since we reduce the supply voltage, we also limit the current. Accordingly, the power decreases. However, when under load, the engine begins to consume more current to maintain the given speed. As a result, due to the reduced voltage, the engine will not be able to develop maximum power, and its speed will drop under load.
To avoid this, there are special boards that maintain a given speed by receiving feedback from the speed sensor. Precisely those wires that we did not use in the considered circuits. It works according to an algorithm similar to this:
1. Checking the set speed.
2. Reading the sensor values and storing them in a register.
3. Comparison of sensor readings, real revolutions with the specified ones.
4. If the actual speed matches the specified speed, do nothing. If the speed does not match then:
If the speed is increased, we increase the cutoff angle of the SIFU phase by a certain value (we lower the voltage, current and power);
If the speed is reduced, we reduce the cutoff angle of the SIFU phase (increase the voltage, current and power).
And so it repeats in a circle. Thus, when you load the motor shaft, the system itself decides to increase the voltage supplied to the motor or reduce it when the load increases.
You don’t have to rush to develop something like this; there are inexpensive ready-made solutions. An example of such a device is built. You can see an example of a connection diagram below.
Here the signatures mean:
M - output to the engine.
AC - network connection.
T - connection to tachometer.
R0 - current speed regulator.
R1 - minimum speed.
R2 - maximum speed
R3 - to adjust the circuit if the engine runs unevenly.
The diagram of the given board (to enlarge, click on the picture):
Conclusion
Please note that the commutator, or as it is popularly called, brush motor from washing machines is quite high-speed, around 10,000-15,000 rpm. This is due to its design. If you need to achieve low speeds, such as 600 rpm, use a belt or gear drive. Otherwise, even with the use of a special regulator, you will not be able to achieve normal operation.
We will send the material to you by e-mail
Scrap metal collectors will be happy to take your old washing machine. But don't rush to please them. You won't get much money for scrap, but if you approach this issue wisely, you can get a lot of useful things for your household. Homemade products made from a washing machine engine will help you quickly de-feather poultry, cut pet food, mow the lawn, and smoke fish and meat. And this is not a complete list of what can be made from a washing machine. Today, in the editorial review of the site, there are detailed instructions on how to give the “iron heart” of a washing machine a new life.
Parts from a washing machine - material for many useful homemade products
If you are planning to make homemade products from a used engine, you need to figure out what it is and what it is capable of. In you can find three types of motors: asynchronous, brushless and commutated. Let's take a closer look at them:
- Asynchronous– can be two-phase or three-phase. Two-phase engines are found in older Soviet-made models. More modern machines are equipped with three-phase. The design of such an engine is extremely simple; it can reach speeds of up to 2800 rpm. The working engine removed from the machine just needs to be lubricated - and it is ready for new exploits.
- Collector– you will find this type of motor in the design of most household appliances. Such devices can operate from direct and alternating current, have compact dimensions and a controlled speed. The only drawback of such an engine is the brushes that wear out, but these parts can be replaced if necessary.
- Brushless Direct Drive– the most modern engine from the Korean manufacturer. You will find it in modern washing machines from LG and Samsung.
Now that you can determine the type of motor, all that remains is to decide where you can use the motor from the washing machine.
We properly disassemble and decide what can be made from parts of an old washing machine
Disassembling a washing machine is a leisurely task. After working with water, a salt build-up may remain on the parts; it must be carefully removed so as not to damage the parts during removal. What can be made from an old washing machine? A motor will be useful for homemade projects - it will become the basis for many devices. The drum will also come into play. It is usually made of stainless steel. All pipes must be disconnected from the drum. A loading hatch may also be useful. In addition to these parts, do not rush to throw away springs, counterweights and body parts.
How to make a sharpener or grinding device from a washing machine engine
A sharpener is one of the most popular tools for the home. It can be used to sharpen garden tools, household knives and scissors. If you don’t already have one, buy it at any tool store or make a sharpening machine from a washing machine. The most difficult part is how to attach the sanding wheel to the motor. The easiest way is to buy a ready-made flange. It looks something like this.
You can machine a flange from a metal pipe of a suitable diameter; most often, a tube with a cross-section of 32 mm is suitable. You need to cut a piece 15 centimeters long from it, this is quite enough to fix the emery. The flange is secured to the motor shaft by welding or a through bolt. The video describes in detail how a homemade washing machine sharpener works:
Making a wood lathe from a washing machine
What else can you do with the washing machine motor? One popular idea is a wood lathe. Let's look at the step-by-step process.
| Illustration | Description of action |
|---|---|
 | To firmly fix the engine on the workbench, make fasteners from a metal angle. To do this, drill holes for fixing to the motor legs and table. |
 | To fasten a wooden part, you will need a flange fixed to the motor shaft, and these are the studs made from ordinary bolts with cut off heads. Screw these pins into the base. You will need 3 studs. |
 | The motor is fixed to the table with self-tapping screws and to the metal part with bolts. |
 | The opposite end of the wooden part is attached with such a device. It consists of a screw with a loop, two wooden stands perpendicularly fixed to the corners. |
 | This wooden part must be movable so that different workpieces can be used. For mobility, it is mounted on a threaded stud with bolts. |
 | To control the motor you will need a power supply. You can use one of the computer blocks. You will need to install switches to adjust the rotation speed. |
 | How to connect a motor to a power supply in animation. |
 | Make a tool rest to guide your tools. It consists of two wooden parts and a metal corner. All parts are movable due to fastening with one bolt. |
 | The lower part of the tool rest is rigidly fixed on the workbench using self-tapping screws and corners. |
 | The workpiece is fixed on the machine on both sides: on the left - on studs, on the right - on a bolt with a handle. To fix it in the workpiece, you need to drill the corresponding holes. |
 | To work, you will need sharpened tools - cutters. |
 | Final sanding of the workpiece is done using a strip of sandpaper. |
How to make a simple feather removal machine for home use from a washing machine with your own hands
The time of slaughtering a bird is a troublesome stage. This is usually done in the fall, when the ducks and broilers have reached the desired weight, and it is no longer profitable to keep them in the winter. You need to pluck several dozen or even hundreds of carcasses very quickly. You can get rid of hard labor with the help of a feather removal machine, and it’s easy to do everything from the same parts of the washing machine.
The device does not require disassembling the washing machine. It is especially convenient to use machines with vertical loading. You just need to fix the beats in the drum so that they point inward. Before plucking, the chicken carcass must be scalded with boiling water and then simply thrown into a rotating drum. Here's what happens:
Important! To prevent water from getting on the engine of the feather removal machine, you need to protect it with a plastic casing.
And the last point - the feather removal device must be firmly fixed, since the vibration when loading the carcass will be very strong.
Lawnmower from a used motor
We continue to look for the answer to the question of where we can use the motor from an automatic washing machine. Another original idea is making. For a small area, an electric model connected to a power source with a cord is quite sufficient. The design of such a unit is very simple. You will need to make a platform on four wheels with a small diameter.
The engine is fixed on top of the platform, the shaft is threaded into the hole below, and the knife is attached to it. All that remains is to attach handles and a lever to the cart to turn the power on and off. If you have an asynchronous motor lying around, you will be surprised at how quiet the unit will be, even compared to factory models.
Advice! To prevent grass from wrapping around the knives, you need to slightly bend their cutting edges down.
Video: how to make a lawn mower
Animal feed cutter
For a rural resident, a feed cutter is a very important device in the household. And this unit is easy to make from. What can be used: a drum and a motor.
For a feed cutter, you will need to make a housing in which a drum with holes sharpened for cutting and a lid for pressing will be mounted. The connection between the rotating drum and the motor is carried out through a drive. The finished model looks like this:
How to build a generator from an old washing machine
We continue to look at homemade products from a washing machine motor, and the turn has come to the generator. You won't be able to assemble a powerful device, but in the event of an emergency shutdown, you can be well prepared. To turn the engine into a generator, you will have to disassemble it and partially cut off the core. In the remaining part of the core you need to make grooves for neodymium magnets.
The gaps between the magnets are filled by cold welding. To operate the device, the kit must include a motorcycle battery, a rectifier and a charge controller. Details of the work in the video:
Homemade concrete mixer
If you have started a small renovation that requires, for example, plastering the walls, a concrete mixer will come in handy. Once again, washing machine parts will come in handy.
As a container for concrete, you can use the same drum with pre-sealed holes for draining water. It is best to use parts from a front-loading machine; there will be almost nothing to redo. To strengthen the body, use a metal corner, and for convenient movement of the concrete mixer, equip it with wheels. The main difficulty in the design is the manufacture of a “swing” for the correct tilt and subsequent pouring of concrete. How to do it correctly in the video:
Homemade products from a washing machine engine: circular saw
You will be surprised, but a circular machine can also be built based on the motor from a washing machine. An important point in this matter is the additional equipment of the motor with a device that regulates speed. Without this additional module, the circular machine will work unevenly and simply will not cope with the task. Device assembly diagram:
The principle of operation of the device is simple: the engine drives a shaft on which a small pulley is mounted. From the small pulley there is a drive belt to a large pulley with a circular saw.
Important! When working with a homemade circular saw, take care of your hands. All structural parts must be firmly fixed.
The resulting unit will not be very powerful, so it can only be used for cutting boards up to 5 cm thick. How this homemade circular saw works:
What else can be made from a washing machine drum: original decor ideas
The drum with its correct perforation is a material for the manufacture of decorative objects. Here are some interesting ideas.
Bedside tables and tables. Drums with doors from top-loading machines can be used to hide small items.
Making a barbecue from a drum from a washing machine, photo examples
- a temporary product. Sooner or later it burns out and requires replacement. You can buy a new one each time or use improvised material, for example, a drum from a washing machine. Making this craft from a washing machine drum takes a couple of minutes. The beauty is that oxygen easily enters the perforated container, which causes active combustion.
The metal of the drum can withstand a couple of seasons. Make a comfortable stand for it so you don’t have to bend over, and you’re done. Standard length skewers will fit comfortably on a small roasting pan. If necessary, you can lightly weld a couple of guides.
How to make a good smokehouse from a washing machine drum
The icing on the cake in our question is. Fragrant smoked meat, lard and fish - what could be better for the table? If you have a tank from a top-loading machine lying around in your shed or garage, consider it a done deal.
It is necessary to cut a hole in the bottom of the tank for the firebox, and weld fasteners inside for hanging food. All that remains is to install the tank on the fireplace, hang the fish or lard, cover the top of the tank with a lid and light the sawdust.
It is important that the fuel under the smokehouse smolders and does not burn. It is better to place such a device away from home.
Important! You'll have to keep an eye on this smokehouse. It should not be left for a long time, the fire may flare up, and instead of a smoked product you will get a burnt product.
Washing machines, over time, fail or become obsolete. As a rule,
The basis of any washing machine is its electric motor, which can find its application and
after disassembling the washing machine for parts.
The power of such engines, as a rule, is not less than 200 W, and sometimes much more, speed
The shaft revolutions can reach up to 11,000 rpm, which may well be suitable for using such an engine for household or small industrial needs.
Here are just a few ideas for the successful use of an electric motor from a washing machine:
- A sharpening (“emery”) machine for sharpening knives and small household and garden tools. The engine is installed on a solid base, and a whetstone or emery wheel is attached to the shaft.
- Vibrating table for the production of decorative tiles, paving slabs or other concrete products where it is necessary to compact the solution and remove air bubbles from it. Or perhaps you are engaged in the production of silicone molds, for this you also need a vibrating table.
- Vibrator for concrete shrinkage. Homemade designs, which are abundant on the Internet, can easily be implemented using a small motor from a washing machine.
- Concrete mixer. Such an engine is quite suitable for a small concrete mixer. After a little modification, you can use a standard tank from a washing machine.
- Hand construction mixer. Using this mixer you can mix plaster mixtures, tile adhesive, and concrete.
- Lawnmower. An excellent option in terms of power and size for a lawn mower on wheels. Any ready-made platform on 4 wheels with a motor mounted in the center with direct drive to the “knives” that will be located below will do. The height of the lawn can be adjusted by planting, for example by raising or lowering the wheels on hinges in relation to the main platform.
- Mill for grinding grass and hay or grain. This is especially true for farmers and people raising poultry and other livestock. You can also prepare feed for the winter.
There can be many options for using an electric motor; the essence of the process lies in the ability to rotate various mechanisms and devices at high speeds. But no matter what mechanism you are going to design, you still need to wake it up correctly
connect the motor from the washing machine.
Types of engines
In washing machines of different generations and countries of production, there may be different typeselectric motors. Typically this is one of three options:
Asynchronous.
Basically, these are all three-phase motors, they can also be two-phase, but this is very rare.
Such engines are simple in design and maintenance; basically it all comes down to lubrication of the bearings. The disadvantage is the large weight and dimensions with low efficiency.
Such motors are found in older, low-power and inexpensive models of washing machines.
Collector.
Motors that replaced large and heavy asynchronous devices.
Such a motor can operate on either AC or DC power; in practice, it will even rotate from a 12-volt car battery.
The motor can rotate in the direction we need; to do this, we just need to change the polarity of connecting the brushes to the stator windings.
High rotation speed, smooth change in speed by changing the applied voltage, small size and large starting torque are just a small part of the advantages of this type of motor.
Disadvantages include wear of the collector drum and brushes and increased heating during short-term operation. More frequent maintenance is also necessary, such as commutator cleaning and brush replacement.
Inverter (brushless)
An innovative type of motor with direct drive and small dimensions with fairly low power and high efficiency.
The engine design still contains a stator and a rotor, but the number of connecting elements is reduced to a minimum. The absence of elements subject to rapid wear, as well as low noise levels.
Such motors are found in the latest models of washing machines and their production requires relatively more costs and effort, which of course affects the price.
Connection diagrams
Motor type with starting winding (old/cheap washing machines)
First you need a tester or multimeter. You need to find two pairs of pins corresponding to each other.Using the tester's probes, in continuity or resistance mode, you need to find two wires that are connected to each other, the remaining two wires will automatically be a pair of the second winding.
Next we need to figure out where we have the starting winding and where the working winding is. You need to measure their resistance: higher resistance will indicate the starting winding (PO), which creates the initial torque. A lower resistance will indicate to us the field winding (OB) or, in other words, the working winding that creates a magnetic field of rotation.
Instead of the "SB" contactor, there can be a low-capacity non-polar capacitor (about 2-4 µF)
How it is arranged in the washing machine itself for convenience.
If the engine starts without load, that is, does not wake up a pulley with a load on its shaft at the moment of starting, then such an engine can start itself, without a capacitor and short-term “powering” of the starting winding.
If the engine overheats greatly or it heats up even without load for a short time, then there may be several reasons. Perhaps the bearings are worn out or the gap between the stator and rotor has decreased, causing them to touch each other. But most often the cause may be a high capacitance of the capacitor; it’s easy to check - let the engine run with the starting capacitor disconnected and everything will immediately become clear. If necessary, it is better to reduce the capacitor capacity to the minimum at which it copes with starting the electric motor.
In the button, the “SB” contact must strictly not be fixed; you can simply use the doorbell button, otherwise the starting winding may burn out.
At the moment of startup, the “SB” button is pressed until the shaft spins up completely (1-2 seconds), then the button is released and voltage is not supplied to the starting winding. If reverse is necessary, you need to change the winding contacts.
Sometimes such a motor may have not four, but three wires at the output, in which case two windings are already connected at the midpoint to each other, as shown in the diagram.
In any case, when disassembling the old washing machine, you can take a closer look at how its motor was connected to it.
When the need arises implement reverse or change the direction of rotation of the motor with the starting winding, you can connect according to the following diagram:
Interesting point. If the motor does not use (do not use) a starting winding, then the direction of rotation can be different (in any direction) and depend, for example, on which direction the shaft is turned at the moment when the voltage is connected.
Collector type motor (modern, automatic washing machines with vertical loading)
As a rule, these are commutator motors without a starting winding, which do not require a starting capacitor; such motors operate on both direct current and alternating current.Such a motor may have about 5 - 8 terminals on the terminal device, but to operate the motor outside the washing machine, we do not need them. First of all, you need to eliminate unnecessary tachometer contacts. The resistance of the tachometer windings is approximately 60 - 70 Ohms.
Thermal protection terminals can also be output, which are rare, but we also don’t need them; this is usually a normally closed or open contact with “zero” resistance.
Next we connect the voltage to one of the winding terminals. Its second output is connected to
first brush. The second brush is connected to the remaining 220-volt wire. The engine should start and rotate in one direction.
To change the direction of movement of the motor, the connection of the brushes should be swapped: now the first will be connected to the network, and the second will be connected to the output of the winding.
Such an engine can be tested with a 12-volt car battery, without fear of “burning” it due to the fact that it was connected incorrectly, you can safely
“experiment” with reverse and see how the engine operates at low speeds from low voltage.
When connecting to a voltage of 220 volts, keep in mind that the engine will start abruptly with a jerk,
Therefore, it is better to secure it motionless so that it does not damage or short-circuit the wires.
Speed controller
If there is a need to regulate the number of revolutions, you can usehousehold lighting controller (). But for this purpose, you need to select a dimmer whose power will be more powerful than the engine power, or modification will be required, you can remove a triac with a radiator from the same washing machine and solder it in place of a low-power part in the design of the dimmer . But here you already need to have skills in working with electronics.
If you manage to find a special dimmer for such electric motors, then it will be
the simplest solution. As a rule, they can be found at points of sale of ventilation systems and are used to regulate the speed of the engines of supply and exhaust ventilation systems.