Nutrition for children with gastritis: how to make it not only healthy, but also tasty. Proper nutrition of children with gastritis - what is possible and what is not? Gastritis in a child than to feed

Features of the development of gastritis in children

The reasons why a child can develop gastritis practically do not differ from those in an adult: most often it is non-compliance with the diet, too much emotional stress, and various infections. The first episode of gastritis is often recorded in children aged 6 years. It is at this age that the child usually begins an active social life - he is preparing or is already going to school, and it coincides with the period of active growth of the body, and therefore the factors that provoke gastritis in children have some features:

• Wrong nutrition. Doctors call it the most serious risk factor for children from 6 to 10 years old, because a rapidly growing body very quickly gives a negative reaction to nutritional failures that occur due to an intense school day. In addition, parental control at this time is significantly weakened, and the child often eats food that is not at all healthy for his stomach.
• Mental and physical overload. The first year at school for any child is a lot of stress, because the baby must both physically and psychologically adapt to completely new conditions for him. The daily routine of a modern child rarely includes only school activities, but often parents forget that for a child aged 6-10 years, a 10-hour night's sleep is extremely important for recuperation. Stress, overwork, lack of sleep are another reason for the development of gastritis in children.
• Physical inactivity. For a growing child's body, physical activity is extremely important, since prolonged sitting at home or in front of a computer causes a violation of important secretory mechanisms in the child's stomach, provokes a breakdown in the self-regulation of many protective processes that depend on the activity of blood circulation and the supply of oxygen and nutrients.

Typical complaints of a child with gastritis

Complaints about well-being in children with gastritis are very different from the descriptions of symptoms that adults usually give - the reason for this is not only the child's inability to formulate the reason why he is ill, but also the peculiarities of the course of the disease in the child's body. You should usually think about gastritis with the following children's complaints.

• I have a stomachache. It is difficult for a child to describe the nature of the pain, but he can indicate the place - usually in the upper abdomen, say whether the stomach hurts immediately after eating or an hour later, the pain is cutting or resembles something heavy in the stomach.

IMPORTANT! It should be remembered that abdominal pain can be a symptom of many pathological conditions, often not related to inflammation of the gastric mucosa, so a child's complaints about severe abdominal pain is a reason to immediately consult a doctor.

• I don't want to eat. Poor appetite is the most characteristic childhood symptom of a disease state. The inflammatory process on the gastric mucosa in children very quickly disrupts the production of hydrochloric acid and leads to a failure of the entire digestive process, which leads to the child refusing to eat.

• Burning in chest. Heartburn in a child is usually manifested by a burning sensation along the esophagus to the pharynx. A child may complain that he burns not only in his stomach, but also behind the sternum, while there will be a sour taste in his mouth.

Particular attention should be paid to the condition of the child with acute gastritis. Usually, many parents characterize his first symptoms as “he ate something wrong” and are partly right - nausea, vomiting, stool disorders often accompany poisoning with some poor-quality product.

IMPORTANT! The child's body has a much more intense metabolism and much less ability to break down a number of products than an adult. Therefore, even small errors in nutrition, which will cause a slight malaise in an adult, can cause severe intoxication in a baby.

It is very important to monitor the child's condition with acute gastritis, since severe vomiting in combination with diarrhea is a risk of rapid dehydration for the child's body, which can threaten the health and even life of the baby.

Principles of a children's diet for gastritis

Diet therapy for gastritis has some general principles that experts formulate as sparing for the stomach - both thermally, and chemically, and mechanically. They are relevant for both adults and children, however, in a child, food for gastritis should obey the following 5 important rules:

1. Regularity and fragmentation. A children's diet for gastritis of any form should include 5 or even 6 meals a day in small portions, and always at a strictly set time.
2. Freshness and lightness. The nutrition of a child with gastritis is carried out only with freshly prepared dishes from products that do not require effort for digestion - legumes, fibrous foods, sinewy meat, and fruits with skin are excluded.
3. thermal regime. The therapeutic effect for the mucosa is only provided by dishes in a warm form (approximately corresponding to the temperature of the child's body), at least 5 times a day the child should receive food steamed or boiled or baked without a crust.
4. Menu composition. Treatment of gastritis in children requires the inclusion in the diet of such dishes that will be easily digested and at the same time allow you to get the necessary nutrients - mucous soups from cereals and vegetable broths, boiled and chopped meat and fish, pureed cereals, fruit jelly.
5. Gentle mode. With gastritis, the child should not be forced to eat by force. Only the drinking regime is fundamentally important - give water little by little and regularly. If there is no appetite, 5-6 tablespoons of soup or porridge are enough to keep the stomach working.

With an exacerbation of gastritis, treatment involves the rejection of any fruits and vegetables, fresh bread and pastries. Gastritis with high acidity, when it is necessary to reduce the activity of the secretory functions of the stomach, children should not cook soups on rich meat broths, citrus fruits, and vegetables with coarse fiber. With low acidity, it is important that the treatment is accompanied by the rejection of any dishes that require long-term digestion, and vegetables and fruits must be thermally processed.

In the late twentieth century, gastritis was thought to be widespread among students and adults. Today, cases of the development of inflammation of the stomach are also recorded in children: every day there are more of them. Mostly at a younger age, the disease progresses due to unhealthy eating and negative emotions that arise due to difficulties in kindergarten or school. Gastritis can occur in adolescence, even at 1 year old. As a rule, gastritis is common among schoolchildren. Lack of time for rest and food affects the work of the stomach. In many schools, the food is not good enough, the child prefers to snack on other snacks. Today, gastritis often occurs at 10 years of age.

During gastritis, children often lose their appetite, eating food causes discomfort. Pain is noted during hunger, localized in the abdomen. Sometimes there are sour eructations and heartburn. Gastritis is characterized by an increase in the level of acidity of gastric juice, provoking a decline in health. Parents in a panic - what to feed their children?

With symptoms of gastritis, it is necessary to consult a gastroenterologist. Based on the data obtained from the examination, the doctor prescribes treatment. Therapy of gastritis is carried out in many ways, even with the help of a diet. Proper nutrition blocks the development of complications in the stomach, is recognized as an important point in the prevention of gastritis.

With gastritis, it is recommended to contact a gastroenterologist and a nutritionist to prescribe a list of allowed foods. It is important to adhere to a special diet. This applies not only to periods of exacerbation of the disease. As practice shows, children who adhere to proper nutrition are less prone to indigestion. You should eat 5-6 times a day, meals are taken at the set time. The child is supposed to have two hearty breakfasts, lunch, afternoon tea and dinner. This is the first principle of dietary treatment.

The second principle is that the products must be fresh, cooked in a special way. It is not allowed to eat food cooked a few days ago. During cooking, you can not add various artificial food additives to food. It is possible to replace it with any natural products: fruits, vegetables or herbs. Steam is considered a useful way of cooking, it is permissible to put out food on low heat with the addition of water, use the oven. In the process, you will need to watch so that a crust does not appear on the food.

When cooking all types of soup, it is advisable to use a slimy decoction. It envelops the walls of the epigastrium, favorably affecting the work of the stomach. For soups, different types of cereals and vegetables are suitable. As a filling, it is recommended to use cream, butter. It is allowed to feed the child with meat, with a diet, meat dishes are allowed. The nature of the preparation is taken into account. If the meat is soft, it is worth boiling a piece. Rigid varieties should be used only when preparing minced meat, meatballs or meatballs.

The essence of the third principle of diet therapy is that the diet certainly includes healthy foods. Favorably on the body of a child with gastritis, mucous porridges will act. Allocate pearl barley, rice and buckwheat: it will not be harmful to cook the species together. Remember about oatmeal, the dish is very useful for the body, especially when combined with milk.

It is good for a child to eat vegetables. Serve fresh, prepared in the form of soups. The main thing is that the vegetables are washed. Doctors recommend washing a number of vegetables with a sponge. At 2 years old, it is desirable to serve in a pureed form.

Nutrition for inflammation of the epigastrium excludes any canned food, fried foods, strong drinks, foods high in sugar. Not all vegetables are allowed to be eaten. We'll have to exclude white cabbage, radish and beans. A diet for gastritis in a child allows for the presence of peas, in the form of mashed potatoes.

In the menu of a child with gastritis, most of the products should be vegetables, fresh or cooked. If the disease worsens, you can not eat raw vegetables. Staying on a diet is worth it until you fully recover.

Diet therapy for acute gastritis

A diet for acute inflammation is prescribed in order to facilitate the work of the stomach. A special diet is considered an important point in treatment. Baby food should have a beneficial effect on the gastrointestinal tract, not cause irritation on the prostrate gastric mucosa. Doctors recommend the first days of treatment to try not to eat. The rule does not apply to children under 8 years of age. The absence of food allows the mucous membrane to return to normal without being constantly exposed to irritants.

When the disease begins to manifest brighter than before, the patient should adhere to a water diet. Explanation - in the acute form of inflammation of the epigastrium, children may experience nausea or vomiting, due to which a sufficient amount of fluid is lost. The phenomenon is associated with a risk of dehydration, children will need to drink plenty of water.

For the first part of the day, the child is advised to strictly maintain a diet of water and tea. Sometimes the mode lasts six hours, mainly for children under 7 years old. During this period, the child should be served chilled tea, not strong. The water is boiled. You can't drink juice. If dehydration occurs, the child takes special solutions. The doctor prescribes the exact amount of fluid, assessing the current state of the patient's body.

After twelve hours, it is allowed to eat liquid food. As a rule, it is represented by mucous soups with crushed components. If heartburn is present among the symptoms of the patient, potatoes are contraindicated, especially mashed potatoes. After 3-4 days, the child eats steamed meat dishes. After another day or two, dishes with the addition of milk, fruits and juices are included in the diet.

When acute gastritis is completely cured, the child continues to adhere to a special diet. So in his diet there should be no fatty, spicy and salty foods. Nutritionists believe that table number 1 is best suited for the body during this period.

Table number 1

When the symptoms of gastritis disappear, doctors recommend sticking to table number 1. The diet minimizes the presence of table salt in food, eliminates food from the menu that can damage the organs of the digestive tract. Meals should be made fractionally: from five times a day, portions of small size. The diet does not harm children, on the contrary, it contributes to a complete recovery.

In the morning, children are advised to drink cooled weak tea. Omelette to cook without adding oil, steamed. Dried white bread is allowed. After a while, milk porridges, rice with the addition of a small amount of butter are served. From drinks milk or cocoa are recommended.

Lunch includes vegetable soups cooked in a slimy broth, without white cabbage. Children with gastritis are allowed to feed boiled eggs. It is possible to serve meat dishes, especially steamed cutlets, to cook pasta for them. Tea is poured weak. The afternoon snack consists of fruits and curd products.

For dinner, it is useful for a child to eat vegetables in the form of mashed potatoes. It is recommended to boil the chicken, remove the skin. A slice of yesterday's bread is allowed.

If the pain begins to return, the child should stick to table number 1a. It almost does not differ from table number 1. Table number 1a excludes any vegetables and fruits from the diet.

Diet for chronic gastritis

Nutritionists pay attention to the chronic form of gastritis. It is believed that when choosing a diet, the ability of the stomach to form acid is taken into account. There are two types of inflammation: in the first, the acidity is high, in the second, low. If a child suffers from gastritis with low acidity, the stomach can hardly cope with a large amount of food. From the menu, you will have to exclude products that take a long time to digest. Nutrition for gastritis should facilitate the work of the digestive organs, promote the secretion of gastric juice.

During gastritis with increased secretion, the stomach, on the contrary, produces an excess of hydrochloric acid. The main goal of diet therapy is to neutralize the negative effects of gastric juice on the body. It is important to remove rough foods from the diet, among them are bread, vegetables. You can't eat fried food. Products that provoke the release of acid are prohibited: carbonated drinks, meat broths and spices. Dishes with a high temperature are prohibited so as not to cause more damage to the gastrointestinal tract. Harmful too cold. An acceptable temperature is considered to be not less than 20 and not more than 40 degrees.

Gastritis with low acidity

Feeding a child with gastritis eliminates spicy, fried and salty foods, any canned food, carbonated drinks, coffee, raw fruits and vegetables. Malnutrition is not allowed. Food is served at a set time so that there is no pain in the abdomen.

As a rule, a nutritionist first prescribes a diet for the first 9 days. The menu includes meat and fish dishes, without fat. It is recommended to cook food by steaming, stewing or baking. Vegetables and fruits should be carefully processed, the child should not eat them raw.

Gastritis with high acidity

If characterized by increased secretion, the doctor prescribes a diet that includes mucous cereals and vegetables containing a minimum of fiber. When the symptoms of the disease are most acute, the child is forbidden to eat raw vegetables. Preferably baked or mashed. In addition to slimy cereals and vegetable dishes, it is allowed to eat yesterday's bread, various soups, and small pasta. It is permissible to serve meat and fish without fat content, boiled eggs, no more than three per week. Steamed omelettes, peas, non-acidic berries, dishes containing milk are acceptable. From drinks, sweet juices, compotes, milk and cool weak tea are allowed.

It is forbidden to add to the menu products that reduce the effectiveness of diet therapy, leading to a deterioration in the child's condition. Among these, baked bread, any high-fat dishes, hot spices, mayonnaise, mushrooms, beans, smoked foods, canned food, some types of vegetables, overly sour fruits, and sweets are distinguished. It is undesirable to drink strong tea, coffee and sparkling water.

Why diet is good

In children, it is considered an indispensable way to fight diseases, but before a radical change in the child's diet, it is recommended to visit a gastroenterologist for a thorough examination, prescribing the right diet.

A healthy diet effectively fights the disorder in the gastrointestinal tract, protects the body from the further development of gastritis. Every parent is supposed to instill in the child the habit of eating right from childhood. Today, gastritis is considered a common disease, it is important to prevent its development in advance.

With gastritis, the child has problems with appetite, eating can cause pain, or, conversely, intense pain in the stomach begins in a hungry child. In some cases, belching, intense heartburn and other unpleasant symptoms may be disturbing. In addition, with the disease, the acidity of the gastric juice decreases or, on the contrary, increases, which entails a number of other problems.

In the treatment of gastritis in a child, in addition to medicinal methods, diet therapy is also of great importance. It is the observance of the correct diet that will save the child from painful attacks, and will help prevent the exacerbation of the disease.

Principles of Diet Therapy

“You can’t break the diet” - everyone remembers this quote from the Dunno cartoon. And oddly enough, but the cartoon character is right. A child with gastritis should receive food at the same time, always, and not only during periods of exacerbation. The baby should eat 5 times a day, at a strictly defined time, the maximum time difference is up to 10 minutes. The child should have two full breakfasts, lunch, afternoon tea and dinner.

The second principle of diet therapy is the freshness of the products and the method of their preparation. Food should always be freshly prepared, it is unacceptable to eat food cooked a few days ago. When cooking, it is unacceptable to use flavors of artificial origin, sugar and various refined products. As flavoring additives, you can use only natural fruits, vegetables, herbs. The best cooking option is steam or simmering in a small amount of water, cooking in the oven, but you must strictly monitor so that a crust does not form.

When preparing soups, it is best to use a slimy decoction that will envelop the walls of the stomach. Soups can be boiled with vegetables and various cereals, and cream or butter can be used as a dressing. Of course, a child’s diet cannot be without meat, tender and soft meats can be boiled, but it is better to put coarse and hard meat on minced meat and cook steam cutlets, or meatballs.

Third principle- Inclusion of healthy foods in the diet. Particular attention with gastritis should be given to mucous porridges. These cereals include barley, rice, buckwheat, you can combine these cereals with each other. Also, the baby can be given oatmeal, semolina porridge with milk or cream.

From useful products, you can give vegetables - zucchini, potatoes, carrots, cauliflower, beets, etc. Vegetables can appear in a child's diet as side dishes, or in the form of soups; for younger kids, it is better to puree the vegetables.

It is necessary to completely exclude all canned food, fried foods, coffee, sweet and strong tea from the child's diet. From vegetables, white cabbage, radishes, radishes, spinach, legumes are prohibited, but with the only exception of peas, it is best served as a puree.

The main part of the children's diet should consist of fresh vegetables, or vegetables that have undergone minimal cooking. But during the period of exacerbation of the disease, raw vegetables are contraindicated, they must be replaced with sparing food. Such a diet must be followed until the complete disappearance of pain symptoms.

Nutrition for a child with acute gastritis

Diet therapy for acute gastritis is aimed at unloading the stomach and is an integral part of the overall treatment. Nutrition should be sparing for the inflamed gastric mucosa. Some doctors advise to refrain from eating during the first day, but this does not apply to young children. During fasting, the mucous membrane rests from mechanical and chemical stimuli, thereby unloading the gastric mucosa.

During exacerbations, special attention should be paid to maintaining the water balance. In acute gastritis, often the child may have nausea and vomiting, with which a large amount of fluid is lost, in order to avoid dehydration, it is necessary to solder the baby.

During the first 12 hours, the child must follow a strict water-tea diet, in some cases, the diet is reduced to 6 hours. As drinks, you can give your child cool (but not cold!) weak tea, boiled water, it is best to refrain from juices. With severe dehydration, special solutions are prescribed. The amount of liquid is directly determined by the condition of the child.

After 12 - 24 hours, liquid food is introduced into the diet in the form of various mucous soups, necessarily crushed with a blender, or rubbed through a sieve. If a child suffers from heartburn, then do not include potatoes in the child's diet, especially in the form of mashed potatoes. After 3 - 4 days, steamed meat dishes can be included in the child's diet, these can be meatballs, meatballs, boiled fish. On days 4-5, you can give your child dairy dishes, and fruit juices can be included in the diet. After recovery, fatty, spicy and salty foods should disappear from the child's diet. The baby should eat according to table number 1.

Table number 1.

In remission, table No. 1 is prescribed as diet therapy. According to this diet, the amount of table salt in the child's diet is limited, foods that can physically or mechanically injure the gastric mucosa, etc. are completely excluded. The child should eat at least 5 times a day, but in small portions.

Approximate diet for a child with acute gastritis

Breakfast: not strong tea with milk, steam omelette and yesterday's white bread.

Lunch: milk porridge made from rice or oatmeal, you can add half a teaspoon of butter. As a liquid, you can give the child a glass of milk or cocoa, if desired.

Dinner: soup with vegetables with the exception of white cabbage in a slimy broth, you can add an egg. Steam cutlets / meatballs with small pasta. Weak tea.

afternoon tea: cottage cheese and fruits.

Dinner: vegetables, chopped and rubbed through a sieve, or chopped with a blender, boiled chicken without skin, a piece of yesterday's bread.

With an exacerbation of the disease, the child should eat according to table No. 1a. Table No. 1 and table No. 1a are very similar with the only exception - vegetables and fruits, fresh bread in any form are strictly prohibited in the exacerbation phase.

Nutrition for a child with chronic gastritis

When compiling a diet for children with chronic gastritis, special attention is paid to the acid-forming ability of the stomach. There are gastritis with high and low acidity. If a child has gastritis with low acidity, then the stomach cannot cope with a large amount of food, as acid production decreases, for these reasons, dishes that take a long time to digest in the stomach should be completely excluded from the child's diet. Diet, moreover, should stimulate the production of gastric juice.

With gastritis with high acidity, in the stomach, on the contrary, excessive production of hydrochloric acid. And the main purpose of such a diet is to reduce the activity of gastric juice. First of all, foods with coarse fiber are excluded - bread, vegetables, fried foods in vegetable oil are strictly prohibited. In addition, products that will stimulate gastric secretion are excluded - carbonated drinks, black bread, citrus fruits, meat broths, spicy oriental seasonings. The child should receive food at an average temperature, too hot food additionally injures the inflamed walls of the stomach, and cold food lingers for too long. The optimal food temperature is 20 - 40º.

Nutrition for a child with gastritis with low acidity

Spicy, salty, baking, preservatives, coffee, fried foods, carbonated drinks, raw fruits and vegetables are completely excluded from the diet. The diet does not imply starvation in itself, the child must receive food in a timely manner, this will help prevent hungry pains in the stomach.

Approximate diet for a child with gastritis with low acidity

Usually the diet signs for a week. In the weekly diet, there must be fish and meat, but not fatty breeds. When cooking, it is necessary to pay attention to cooking - steaming, stewing, baking, but without the formation of a crust.

Vegetables and fruits must also undergo thorough cooking. Raw vegetables and fruits are not allowed in the child's diet.

Child's diet for a week

Breakfast: buckwheat porridge, not a strong hour with milk as a liquid / boiled or stewed vegetables, with tea / steam omelet, milk tea / slimy porridge with cocoa / spring rolls, tea / cottage cheese with fruit, a glass of milk / rice cakes with fruits or vegetables, cocoa.

Lunch: stewed or boiled vegetables/rice patties with fruits or vegetables, cocoa/rice porridge with cocoa/steam omelette, or boiled egg with tea/potato balls/spring rolls/biscuits with jam and tea.

Dinner: soup with cereals in vegetable or slimy broth, boiled fish with vegetables and fruit jelly / soup, stew with vegetables in a small amount of broth, jelly / soup with meatballs, steam cutlets with pasta, jelly / pickle, boiled turkey without skin with vegetable mashed potatoes, jelly / milk soup with vermicelli, carrot or beetroot cutlets with boiled beef / vermicelli soup, boiled chicken with vermicelli, tea / chicken noodles, baked veal with rice, jelly.

afternoon tea: a glass of kefir with lean cookies or white bread crackers / steam omelette and a glass of milk / vegetable pudding or vegetable stew / cranberry mousse with cookies / pumpkin porridge.

Dinner: pancakes with meat or cottage cheese, tea or jelly / baked vegetables with a little honey and non-butter cookies / pancakes with fruits, tea / a glass of kefir with crackers / cottage cheese casserole with fruit / hot sandwich from yesterday's bread with cheese and a glass of milk.

If the child has a desire, then before going to bed you can give a glass of kefir to drink.

Nutrition for a child with gastritis with high acidity

Breakfast: porridge from slimy cereals and tea / boiled egg and toast from yesterday's white bread, if desired, you can add jam / milk noodles / steam omelette with tea.

Lunch: soft-boiled egg / steamed vegetable pancakes or cutlets / vegetable or fruit soufflé / toast with butter or cheese with tea or cocoa / fruit thick jelly / liver or meat pates.

Dinner: soup on vegetable or mucous broth should be daily in the child's diet, it can be soup with vegetables, pasta, meat, and more. As second courses, you can cook boiled fish with pasta and compote or jelly / meatballs with boiled potatoes / home-style roast with vegetables / chicken or turkey zrazy / boiled veal with vegetables / fish cutlets with mashed potatoes.

afternoon tea: a glass of milk and a white bread crouton/butter/cheese/jam sandwich.

Dinner: stuffed pancakes or dumplings, tea / various casseroles / stewed vegetables with meat or fish.

If desired, the child can be given a glass of milk or kefir at night.

General rules

In modern conditions, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, which were characteristic only for adults, began to be observed in children. Often the onset of the disease occurs in preschool age. It is not uncommon for children gastritis, esophagitis and duodenitis and the number of children suffering from them has increased. If earlier erosive esophagitis was considered an “adult” disease and not typical for children, now it is often diagnosed in schoolchildren and preschoolers. An important feature of gastrointestinal diseases in children is the combined nature, when several sections of the digestive tract are involved in the process.

Acute gastritis, which is associated with the use of low-quality products, poisoning with household fluids (often in children under one year of age with the accidental intake of various detergents), proceeds rapidly, does not go unnoticed and often requires hospitalization. A feature of chronic diseases of the stomach in children is the low-symptomatic and erased nature of the course, and this complicates their diagnosis.

The reasons for the chronization of the process are:

• Unhealthy diet and wrong eating habits. Often the proportion of fast food in the children's diet increases. Families do not always pay due attention to healthy eating. If you offer a child a bowl of soup and a burger, then his choice will fall on the latter. A child from an early age is accustomed to food with a high content of flavor enhancers, fats, sugar: carbonated drinks, juices with preservatives, sausages, semi-finished products, cream cakes, long-term storage confectionery. All these products adversely affect the condition of the gastric mucosa.
• Violation of the diet, which is very important for the harmonious functioning of the digestive system. Eating at the same time teaches the digestive organs to work out a certain rhythm of the secretion of enzymes, juices, work synchronously and digest food with high quality. In the absence of a regimen, the digestive system cannot fully cope with the incoming products, especially if it is loaded with fried or fatty foods.
• Helicobacter pylori infection. It is generally accepted that this infection predisposes to a chronic inflammatory process. The bacterium is detected in children up to a year and older. Infection of children occurs from parents, and treatment requires the mandatory appointment of anti-Helicobacter therapy.
• Stress and anxiety, anxiety, overload at school and lack of sleep.
• Hormonal changes during puberty.

At gastritis the child has pain in the upper abdomen. Young children cannot indicate the location of the pain, more often they characterize their condition as “a stomach ache”. In some children, this symptom is not very pronounced, and nausea, poor appetite and vomiting predominate.

Older children may complain about heartburn, belching sour or with an unpleasant aftertaste. There may be general weakness and drowsiness and indigestion (diarrhea, bloating). In a chronic course, it develops avitaminosis.

Treatment of chronic gastritis and gastroduodenitis includes taking antacids, anti-helicobacter and antisecretory drugs. Nutritional treatment for gastritis in children is referred to as the main method of rehabilitation.

Baby food should be clearly organized:

• Eating on a fixed schedule.
• The use of only fresh and natural products prepared at home or at the kindergarten's food unit.
• Cooking food in accordance with the principles of dietetics. It is advisable for this disease to cook in the form of boiling, stewing and steaming, according to indications - in a pureed form. This provides mechanical and chemical sparing of the mucosa.
• Diversify the diet - include products of animal and vegetable origin, so that the child receives all the necessary components.
• Establishing a daily routine - lessons, additional circles, rest and games in the air.
• Use a minimum of salt and sugar in cooking.
• Exclusion from the diet of sweet fruit waters, fast food, sweets, chocolate, sweets, semi-finished products, black bread, smoked meats, fatty and spicy foods, mushrooms, coffee, cocoa, sauces, ketchup, vinegar, mayonnaise and various spices.

Food according to the composition and quantity of all components must meet the needs of the body and meet age standards. Depending on the stage of the process, diets are used in which the degree of mechanical and chemical sparing is successively reduced.

During the period of exacerbation, if there is such a need, the most sparing treatment is prescribed for children. Diet number 1A. During this period, food is given only in liquid form or mushy. The amount of food consumed at one meal is significantly reduced. Excluded the use of bread and any vegetables. Since there are significant dietary restrictions and it is not balanced, it can only be used for 3-4 days.

The child can use:

• Mucous soups (decoctions of semolina, oatmeal or rice groats) with the addition of a beaten egg, cream, butter.
• Meat, poultry and fish in the form of mashed potatoes, passed through a meat grinder several times and brought to a mushy state with boiled water.
• Milk, steamed fresh curd soufflé, cream in dishes.
• Steam omelet and soft-boiled eggs.
• Liquid pureed porridge (rice, buckwheat, oatmeal) in milk or porridge made from cereal flour with milk, butter or cream.
• Kissels from sweet berries and jelly of sweet pureed fruits.
• Diluted juices (carrot, apple, pumpkin), weak tea, herbal decoctions.

During the subsidence of manifestations gastritis appointed less sparing Diet 1B. Pureed soups and pureed milk porridges, mashed vegetables and fruits are introduced into the diet. Meat and fish dishes are enhanced with steamed quenelles and cutlets. In general, the amount of food consumed per day increases. On such food the child can be up to one month. During the period of recovery and remission, a transition to the main table is recommended, which will be discussed below.

These diets, replacing each other, are recommended to be followed from three months to 1 year. However, even an expanded version of a child’s nutrition should not contain lamb, pork, all kinds of smoked meats, canned meat, fish and vegetables, mushrooms, ready-made confectionery products with preservatives and dyes.

Approved Products

Diet for gastritis in children involves the use of:

• Lean meat and poultry. For cooking, you can take beef, veal, chicken or turkey. Mostly dishes are prepared from minced meat or minced meat - soufflé, pates, meatballs, zrazy, meatballs, dumplings. Tender meat can be offered as a piece, as well as cooked in the oven using foil.
• Soups on vegetable broths or water, to which oatmeal, semolina, buckwheat, cereals and rice are added.
• Soups can be wiped or not, finely chopped vegetables can be added to them. To improve the taste, the first courses are flavored with cream, a beaten egg and butter are added, meatballs or rolled boiled meat are added.
• Fish in the form of steamed or stewed chopped products: meatballs, meatballs, dumplings, lumpy fish. For cooking, I use low-fat dietary fish (pike, pike perch, hake, cod, pollock, pollock, ice, blue whiting).
• Potatoes, young green peas, carrots, zucchini, pumpkins - they are prepared in the form of mashed potatoes with the addition of cream and butter.
• Dried wheat bread, white bread crackers, lean pastries with cottage cheese or apples.
• Homemade sauces - milk, sour cream or cream.
• Groats and flour from buckwheat, oatmeal, semolina, rice, from which porridge is prepared with milk or water, depending on the preference of the child.
• Milk, non-sour semi-liquid cottage cheese, cottage cheese soufflé, milk jelly. The child can drink warm milk if well tolerated.
• Soft-boiled eggs or steam omelet.
• Berry jelly and jelly, baked apples, which after cooking can be watered with honey.
• Butter.
• Weak tea with milk, diluted berry juices, carrot and pumpkin juice.

Table of allowed products

	Proteins, g	Fats, g	Carbohydrates, g	Calories, kcal
Vegetables and greens
zucchini	0,6	0,3	4,6	24
cauliflower	2,5	0,3	5,4	30
potato	2,0	0,4	18,1	80
carrot	1,3	0,1	6,9	32
beet	1,5	0,1	8,8	40
pumpkin	1,3	0,3	7,7	28
Fruit
apricots	0,9	0,1	10,8	41
bananas	1,5	0,2	21,8	95
nectarine	0,9	0,2	11,8	48
peaches	0,9	0,1	11,3	46
apples	0,4	0,4	9,8	47
Berries
Strawberry	0,8	0,4	7,5	41
raspberry	0,8	0,5	8,3	46
Cereals and cereals
buckwheat (ground)	12,6	3,3	62,1	313
semolina	10,3	1,0	73,3	328
cereals	11,9	7,2	69,3	366
white rice	6,7	0,7	78,9	344
Flour and pasta
noodles	12,0	3,7	60,1	322
Bakery products
white bread crumbs	11,2	1,4	72,2	331
Confectionery
jam	0,3	0,2	63,0	263
jelly	2,7	0,0	17,9	79
marshmallow	0,8	0,0	78,5	304
meringues	2,6	20,8	60,5	440
paste	0,5	0,0	80,8	310
maria cookies	8,7	8,8	70,9	400
Raw materials and seasonings
honey	0,8	0,0	81,5	329
sugar	0,0	0,0	99,7	398
milk sauce	2,0	7,1	5,2	84
Dairy
milk	3,2	3,6	4,8	64
cream	2,8	20,0	3,7	205
sour cream	2,8	20,0	3,2	206
curdled milk	2,9	2,5	4,1	53
Cheese and cottage cheese
cottage cheese	17,2	5,0	1,8	121
Meat products
boiled beef	25,8	16,8	0,0	254
beef liver	17,4	3,1	0,0	98
boiled beef tongue	23,9	15,0	0,0	231
boiled veal	30,7	0,9	0,0	131
rabbit	21,0	8,0	0,0	156
Bird
boiled chicken	25,2	7,4	0,0	170
turkey	19,2	0,7	0,0	84
Eggs
chicken eggs	12,7	10,9	0,7	157
Oils and fats
butter	0,5	82,5	0,8	748
ghee	0,2	99,0	0,0	892
Soft drinks
mineral water	0,0	0,0	0,0	-
coffee with milk and sugar	0,7	1,0	11,2	58
black tea with milk and sugar	0,7	0,8	8,2	43
Juices and compotes
apricot juice	0,9	0,1	9,0	38
carrot juice	1,1	0,1	6,4	28
pumpkin juice	0,0	0,0	9,0	38

Wholly or partially restricted products

An exception is needed:

• Millet, pearl barley, corn barley, groats, because they are coarse and difficult to digest.
• Broths, animal fats, fried foods, fatty meats, sausages, pickled and pickled vegetables, smoked meats, rough meats and rough vegetables, mushrooms.
• Irritating foods (onion, garlic, ginger, radish, radish), legumes and cabbage, which contain a lot of fiber and cause bloating.
• Sour-milk drinks, acidic undiluted juices that can irritate the mucous membranes.
• Drinks with gas, cocoa, kvass, strong tea.
• Peppers and spices, hot sauces, ketchup, mayonnaise, vinegar as part of dishes.

Table of prohibited products

	Proteins, g	Fats, g	Carbohydrates, g	Calories, kcal
Vegetables and greens
legume vegetables	9,1	1,6	27,0	168
swede	1,2	0,1	7,7	37
cabbage	1,8	0,1	4,7	27
sauerkraut	1,8	0,1	4,4	19
green onion	1,3	0,0	4,6	19
onion	1,4	0,0	10,4	41
cucumbers	0,8	0,1	2,8	15
canned cucumbers	2,8	0,0	1,3	16
white radish	1,4	0,0	4,1	21
turnip	1,5	0,1	6,2	30
canned tomatoes	1,1	0,1	3,5	20
horseradish	3,2	0,4	10,5	56
spinach	2,9	0,3	2,0	22
sorrel	1,5	0,3	2,9	19
Mushrooms
mushrooms	3,5	2,0	2,5	30
Cereals and cereals
corn grits	8,3	1,2	75,0	337
pearl barley	9,3	1,1	73,7	320
millet groats	11,5	3,3	69,3	348
barley grits	10,4	1,3	66,3	324
Confectionery
candies	4,3	19,8	67,5	453
Ice cream
ice cream	3,7	6,9	22,1	189
Cakes
cake	4,4	23,4	45,2	407
Raw materials and seasonings
mustard	5,7	6,4	22,0	162
ginger	1,8	0,8	15,8	80
ketchup	1,8	1,0	22,2	93
mayonnaise	2,4	67,0	3,9	627
ground black pepper	10,4	3,3	38,7	251
chilli	2,0	0,2	9,5	40
Dairy
kefir	3,4	2,0	4,7	51
Meat products
pork	16,0	21,6	0,0	259
ham	22,6	20,9	0,0	279
Sausages
sausage with/dried	24,1	38,3	1,0	455
sausages	10,1	31,6	1,9	332
sausages	12,3	25,3	0,0	277
Bird
smoked chicken	27,5	8,2	0,0	184
duck	16,5	61,2	0,0	346
smoked duck	19,0	28,4	0,0	337
goose	16,1	33,3	0,0	364
Fish and seafood
dried fish	17,5	4,6	0,0	139
smoked fish	26,8	9,9	0,0	196
canned fish	17,5	2,0	0,0	88
Oils and fats
animal fat	0,0	99,7	0,0	897
culinary fat	0,0	99,7	0,0	897
Soft drinks
bread kvass	0,2	0,0	5,2	27

* data are per 100 g of product

Nutrition menu for gastritis in children (Diet)

The basis of the diet, depending on the severity of the exacerbation and the recommendations of the doctor, is not pureed or pureed dishes: cereals, soups, meat and fish. With gastritis, you can often cook milk soups and cereals if the child has previously eaten dairy dishes well.

You can steam soufflé (meat or fish), omelettes, puddings, egg porridge, sauces. Dairy products and egg dishes are preferred because their protein is easier to digest.

Eggs and cottage cheese can be entered into the menu every day. For constant nutrition during the remission period, a child can cook steamed or stewed meat and fish dumplings, meatballs, soufflés and zrazy (with mashed potatoes). Fish or meat dishes should be consumed twice a day.

Pros and cons

Reviews and results

For children who have been diagnosed gastritis, dietary nutrition is of great importance in the treatment of the disease. Feedback from parents testifies to its necessity and effectiveness. The main table can be performed for a long time, since it includes the required amount of proteins, fats and complex carbohydrates. Parents should choose recipes for those dietary dishes that are more acceptable to their child, taking into account his preferences.

The only difficulty is the lack of factory-made confectionery products in the diet, which contain trans fats, preservatives, flavor enhancers and food coloring. You can replace them with homemade low-fat pastries: biscuits, cookies, muffins, at least they will not contain chemicals.

• “... A child at the age of 4 began to be disturbed by vomiting and poor appetite. Whatever he eats - nausea, and then vomiting. They examined the stomach, did an ultrasound scan - the liver and pancreas were enlarged. Until stopped on gastritis. Before that, my daughter did not eat sausage, mayonnaise, cookies with dyes and chocolate. I can say that I cooked for her separately by 70%. The food was practically dietary: soups, porridge twice a day, boiled meat, purchased purified water, curds and juices for baby food. He goes to kindergarten - there is food for children. Ate sweets, but within reasonable limits. I have no idea why this happened. Until the age of 8, every spring and autumn she was in the hospital, where there was a strict diet and medication. At home all these years I cooked in a double boiler. For the past two years, nothing has bothered her”;
• “... My daughter, 9 years old, was diagnosed with chronic gastritis of the proximal part of the stomach for FGDS. They did a test for Helicobacter - several times higher than the norm. Immediately prescribed Diet No. 5 and treatment for 2 weeks. I began to use a slow cooker, in which I immediately stewed vegetables, chicken or turkey, cooked omelettes, biscuits. Soups were cooked in the usual way. After 2 weeks, the condition improved significantly - there was no nausea and pain, and appetite also improved. When repeating the tests for bacteria, the response was within the normal range. The diet was followed for 2 months. Now the doctor recommends a more sparing diet in the autumn-spring period, if there is pain, then take De-nol and Lansoprozol. Everything must be done, since the child is only 9 years old and his whole life is ahead of him”;
• “... Stomach problems began with my son in the fifth grade, when the workload increased, and he had to stay at school for up to three hours. At school, food in the buffet is dry, he does not want to take food with him. Even if I took it, it's still not soups or warm cereals. Eating badly in the morning too. The doctor said correctly when he recommended dietary nutrition. On those days when the son is at home (holidays or vacations), he manages to eat right and follow the regime, and improvement is immediately noted. It is also important that he rests, sleeps well and is not in a hurry. He enjoys eating milk porridge, cottage cheese casseroles, cheesecakes in a slow cooker and soufflé. I make steam cutlets, but I prepare bechamel or sour cream sauce for them - this significantly improves the taste. I cook soups in water and do not fry. During this period, the whole family adheres to proper nutrition.

Diet price

This food is affordable in terms of food content and not very expensive. The cost of a weekly diet is 1500-1600 rubles.

NOTE! Information about diets on the site is a general reference, collected from publicly available sources and cannot serve as a basis for making a decision on their use. Before using the diet, be sure to consult a dietitian.

Many diseases in the modern world are "younger", including gastritis - inflammation of the gastric mucosa. But in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, a child has its own important nuances, in particular, regarding nutrition.

What is the cause of this disease in childhood? Provocative moments:

• non-compliance with the regime and quality of nutrition;
• food in a hurry without proper chewing;
• dry eating (eating raw vegetables and fruits);
• long intervals between meals;
• physical and emotional stress (stressful situations, experiences).

With these unfavorable factors, the child meets with the beginning of schooling, when the general and food regimens are violated, and the parents are no longer able to control the diet of their beloved child, as before.

The decisive role can be played by:

• hereditary predisposition to diseases of the digestive tract;
• infections (for example, caused by the bacterium Helicobacter pylori);
• untreated acute gastritis with a transition to a chronic course.

Acute or chronic form?

The diagnosis of "gastritis" combines diseases of different course: in acute or chronic form.

Acute gastritis is manifested by a sudden deterioration in the child's well-being, accompanied by repeated or repeated vomiting, pain in the stomach, possible fever, loss of appetite, and weakness. The parents' diagnosis - "ate something", is partly correct. The "something" may be benign, but inappropriate for age or volume, food containing pathogens or food toxins. A reasonable approach of parents to treatment will help the child get rid of the disease forever. A timely visit to the doctor, compliance with the terms and volumes of therapy guarantees a quick recovery without going into a chronic course.

Chronic gastritis is a constant change in the phases of recovery and exacerbations. The goal of treatment is to make the periods of fading of the symptoms of the disease (remissions) longer, and to minimize exacerbations (relapses).

Violation of the acid-forming function

In the chronic course, the manifestations of the disease are not limited to inflammatory changes in the mucosa, and violations of the acid-forming function of the stomach are also detected.

Hence the classification of gastritis according to the degree of acidity appeared:

• with saved (normal);
• with increased (hyperacidosis);
• with reduced (hypoacidosis).

It is quite difficult for a child of primary school age to describe his feelings. Of the complaints, one draws attention to itself - “the stomach hurts”. What kind of pain it is: aching, local, diffuse, bursting, it is difficult to assess. Pain persistently occurs 2-3 hours after eating, accompanied by nausea, belching, and sometimes vomiting.

An experienced doctor before the examination may suspect what kind of gastritis the child has: with increased or decreased acidity.

For hyperacid gastritis, pain is typical on an empty stomach and after taking fatty and fried foods, sour and spicy foods. The appetite is preserved, but the child develops excessive irritability, heartburn, sour belching, and a tendency to constipation.

With hypoacid gastritis, appetite worsens, pain regularly appears after eating, the child is worried about nausea, occasionally vomiting, a feeling of heaviness in the abdomen, belching with an unpleasant smell of rotten eggs, periodic loosening of stools, and increased fatigue.

The examination helps to identify the acidity of gastric juice and the degree of damage to the mucous membrane. What to do next? Treat! And if the doctor takes responsibility for drug therapy, then the parents have the responsibility to provide the child with special dietary nutrition.

Diet tables according to Pevzner

Prolonged adherence to a child's diet often causes anxiety in parents. What to feed, how to cook, what foods are strictly prohibited for consumption? You don't have to think of anything. All on the shelves, or rather - on dietary tables, Manuil Pevzner laid out a long time ago.

An outstanding Russian doctor has developed 15 unique dietary tables for each disease of the digestive system, taking into account the phase of the disease, the course and violation of the acid-forming function. For more than 100 years, doctors and patients have been gratefully using his work.

Dietary tables No. 1, 1a, 1b, 2 are intended for diet therapy of gastritis:

• No. 1 - with chronic gastritis with high acidity without exacerbation (for 6-12 weeks);
• No. 1a - in the acute form of gastritis and chronic during the period of exacerbation (until the pronounced clinical manifestations of the disease disappear);
• No. 1b - in the stage of unstable recovery (until the state of health is completely normalized)
• No. 2 - in the treatment of gastritis with reduced acidity.

Diet Basics

The purpose of diet tables is to minimize further irritation of the gastric mucosa and reduce the burden on its secretory functions. “Food should be sparing – thermally, mechanically and chemically” – this phrase as a postulate is repeatedly repeated by nutritionists and pediatricians when prescribing treatment. In other words:

• food is served only warm;
• irritant products are excluded: spicy, fatty, pickled, salty, sour, carbonated and smoked;
• indigestible foods are prohibited: legumes, mushrooms, fatty or sinewy meat, fruits with dense skin;
• rich broths on vegetables, meat and fish are contraindicated.

Against the background of treatment, it is necessary to strictly adhere to the daily regimen with a full night's rest, 6 meals a day strictly by the hour (every day at the same time) and a favorable psychological atmosphere during meals.

Diet for acute gastritis

In acute gastritis, the strictest table No. 1a is assigned. Within 2-3 days the child receives 6 times a day small portions of food. The calorie content of such a therapeutic diet does not exceed 2000-2200 kcal per day. This is achieved by reducing the amount of carbohydrates, fats and partially proteins in the diet.

Vegetables and fruits in their natural form, dairy products, flour products, spices, sauces, spices, coffee and carbonated drinks are excluded from the menu.

Steam dishes are served at the children's table, or prepared by cooking with salt restriction:

• slimy soups made from rice, semolina or oatmeal with cream or butter;
• boiled meat of low-fat varieties, passed through a meat grinder (veal, chicken, rabbit);
• boiled fish or steam soufflé from lean fish (instead of meat);
• omelette steamed with milk;
• mashed porridges of a liquid consistency from rice, oatmeal, semolina or buckwheat on water with the addition of cream and milk;
• jelly on a milk or fruit basis, tea with the addition of milk, rosehip broth, warm low-fat milk.

Sample menu for diet No. 1a

As acute symptoms subside, the range of dishes expands with the transition to table No. 1b.

Diet at the stage of unstable recovery

Diet dishes of table No. 1b contribute to the further normalization of the gastric mucosa, and are prescribed for a period of 5-7 days. Acidic foods (marinades, fruits and berries), rich broths and white cabbage are excluded from the diet - the strongest stimulant of gastric juice secretion.

Food is prepared in a liquid and mushy consistency by steaming or boiling. Steam cutlets, wheat crackers appear in the list of dishes, and mashed soups are served instead of slimy soups. The energy value is somewhat reduced due to the restriction on carbohydrates, but at the same time it practically corresponds to the norm of 2600 kcal.

Sample menu for diet No. 1b

Diet for chronic gastritis

The next stage of diet therapy is table number 1, which contains the physiological norm of fats, proteins and carbohydrates. Its calorie content is 2800 kcal, and the dishes have a moderate sparing effect on the gastric mucosa. The diet remains the same - up to 5-6 times a day at intervals of 3-4 hours for 4-6 weeks or more.

Table number 1 does not exclude stews and baked dishes. The range of products on the menu is expanding with dried white bread, durum wheat noodles, biscuits, non-acidic kefir, cottage cheese and yogurt, sour cream sauces, boiled or steamed fish and meat dishes (fillets, cutlets and meatballs), baked fruits. Once a week, homemade cakes are allowed - pies with jam or meat filling.

Sample menu for diet number 1

Diet for gastritis with low acidity

Diet table No. 2 according to Pevzner is designed to solve two problems - to protect the gastric mucosa from the aggressive effects of food and stimulate the secretion of gastric juice. Daily calorie content of 3000-3100 kcal is calculated for 5 meals a day.

The menu allows the presence of "strong" low-fat broths with extractives, berries and fruits with a sweet and sour taste, cauliflower and white cabbage, sour-milk products, citrus fruits, cocoa. The list of cooking methods has been expanded - fried dishes without breading are allowed.

Sample menu for diet number 2

Chronic gastritis tends to exacerbate seasonally. Without a noticeable error in nutrition, a child may experience relapses of the disease in autumn and spring. To prevent them, 3-4 week preventive courses of diet therapy (corresponding to the form of gastritis) are carried out in the autumn-spring period.

In children, chronic gastritis usually occurs with normal acidity or with its increase. Therefore, most often in dietary therapy, table No. 1 according to Pevzner is used, the menu for the week for which can be compiled something like this:

Nutrition for acute gastritis (OG)

Acute gastritis (inflammation of the gastric mucosa) can occur in children due to gross eating disorders: consumption of poor-quality foods, intake of large amounts of fatty or rough, fiber-rich foods (immature fruits, berries), eating disorders, eating hastily or dry food.

Acute gastritis is manifested by nausea, sometimes vomiting, belching, pain, a feeling of heaviness in the epigastric region.

The best medicine for OH is abstaining from food intake during the first day.

At the same time, the inflamed gastric mucosa rests, which is a kind of protective measure, since the release of digestive juices during the inflammatory process decreases sharply.

It is only necessary to give the child often and in small portions during this period warm, weak tea, boiled water, weak decoctions of herbs without sugar, 5% glucose solution in combination with physiological saline (0.9% saline solution). The total amount of fluid is determined by the degree of thirst in the patient.

The next day after fasting, fruit and vegetable and cereal decoctions, rosehip decoction are allowed. From the third day of illness, the child is transferred to liquid food: weak fat-free broth with white crackers or slimy pureed soup, jelly, liquid cereals.

Only from the fourth day meat steam dishes (meatballs, meatballs), boiled fish, various puddings are included in the diet. On the fifth day, you can already use milk soups, boiled chicken (without skin), thicker cereals and vegetable puree (potato, carrot) in your diet. Then the child is gradually transferred to a normal diet in accordance with age, expanding the methods of culinary processing of products. Steam dishes are replaced with boiled ones, instead of jelly they give fresh fruit puree, fruit juices, baked apples.

For the prevention of chronic gastritis for several weeks, spicy and salty foods and hard-to-digest fatty foods should be excluded from the diet of a child who has recovered from OH.

Nutrition for chronic gastritis (XT)

Chronic gastritis occurs mainly in children of preschool and school age. With chronic hepatitis, the stomach glands that produce hydrochloric acid, pepsin and mucus are affected. As a result, the activity of the stomach is disturbed.

Moreover, violations can be of two types: in one case, the level of hydrochloric acid increases (CH with increased secretory activity), in the other it decreases (CH with reduced secretory activity).

The main manifestation of chronic gastritis is pain in the epigastric region, most often after eating, accompanied by heartburn or acid belching with increased acidity of gastric juice, nausea, loss of appetite and belching with air - with low acidity.

It should be noted that in conditions of inflammation and atrophy of the gastric mucosa, its absorption capacity is enhanced. At the same time, large molecules of nutrients begin to be absorbed, which leads to intoxication and allergization of the body. In children, the general state of health worsens, they quickly get tired, food allergies appear or intensify.

With chronic hepatitis with normal or increased secretory function of the stomach, the child should eat 6-7 times a day in small portions, as a result of which free hydrochloric acid, which irritates the stomach, does not have time to form.

At the same time, foods and dishes that have a local irritating effect on the inflamed gastric mucosa, as well as having a strong sap effect are excluded from the diet of a sick child: meat, fish, strong vegetables, especially mushrooms, broths, cabbage broth, fried meat and fish, raw unmashed vegetables and fruits, pickles, marinades, smoked meats, spicy snacks, sausages, canned food, fresh onions, radishes, turnips, radishes, wheat porridge, black bread, pies, pastry pastries, cold and carbonated drinks, ice cream, sour berries and fruits .

Dishes are prepared from boiled products and given in a pureed form. Meat and fish are boiled in two waters and passed through a meat grinder, cereals and vegetables are rubbed.

Valuable products for the nutrition of such patients are milk (3-4 glasses of warm milk to reduce the acidity of the contents of the stomach), cottage cheese, eggs.

Fats should not be limited in their diet, but dishes containing simple carbohydrates (sugar, sweets) in the diet of such children should be somewhat reduced.

From raw vegetables, it is allowed to use only grated carrots and finely chopped tomatoes seasoned with sour cream or vegetable oil, as well as raw, finely chopped greens. The remaining vegetables should be boiled and salads should be prepared from them, but without adding onions.

The first courses are prepared in the form of vegetable puree soups (except cabbage) on cereal broth or milk soups with pureed cereals or noodles with vegetables. For the preparation of second courses, chicken, lean beef, fish, boiled in water or steamed, are used.

To improve the taste after boiling, they can be lightly baked in the oven. For the preparation of second courses, eggs, cottage cheese, sour cream, cream are used. As side dishes for meat and fish dishes, you can offer mashed potatoes and carrots, boiled cauliflower, beets, stewed or mashed zucchini and pumpkin, as well as boiled noodles, vermicelli, cereals. The latter are also given as an independent dish for breakfast or dinner. Dishes are seasoned with butter or vegetable oil, you can use sour cream and milk sauces.

For breakfast and dinner, in addition to the named dishes, it is recommended to steam various puddings, omelettes, casseroles, as well as milk porridges. Of the bread products, they use white wheat stale (yesterday's) bread, white crackers, unbread cookies, biscuit.

Food for children with chronic hepatitis with normal or increased secretion of the stomach, it is desirable to slightly undersalt, and spices should be excluded altogether.

Depending on the age of the child, it is recommended to include in the daily diet 650-800 ml of milk, 35-50 g of butter, 25 g of vegetable oil, 50-60 g of sugar, 110-120 g of fresh fruit, 140-210 g of potatoes, 90 -140 g of vegetables, 55-85 g of cereals (including pasta), 150-250 g of wheat bread (including all types of bakery products). Cottage cheese is given 3-4 times a week, 45-65 g per day, mild cheese is used on days when there are no curd dishes on the menu. Cheese is usually added grated to butter, preparing a sandwich for breakfast or dinner (weekly rate 45-55 g).

During the period of exacerbation of chronic hepatitis with normal or increased secretory function of the stomach in the first week, the child is given food 6-8 times a day, slightly reducing its total volume and set of products. The basis of the diet at the beginning of an exacerbation of chronic hepatitis is milk, the volume of which increases to 1 liter per day.

You can also use cream, soft-boiled eggs or in the form of a steam omelette (1-1.5 pieces per day), butter (15-25 g per day), mashed cottage cheese (30-45 g per day), mucous mashed cereal soups , mashed milk porridges, steam puddings, meat and fish soufflés and hashes from boiled products, white crackers, small amounts of fresh fruit (for making jelly). Less salt is added to food than for healthy ones.

Such a diet (see diet No. 16 below) is prescribed to a sick child for 1-2 weeks. But since it is close to physiological and almost completely satisfies the needs of the child's body for proteins, fats and carbohydrates, in the case of a slow recovery process (this is evidenced by ongoing pain, heartburn and other disorders), it can be extended for another week.

From the third or fourth week of treatment, the menu of a sick child is gradually expanded, the number of feedings is reduced to 5-6, and the calorie content of the daily diet is increased. In nutrition, gradually reduce the volume of milk and increase the content of butter, cottage cheese. Vegetable oil, stale wheat bread, boiled vegetables, fresh non-acid fruits, dried fruit compote are introduced into the diet. All food is given in pureed form.

Then, for 6-12 months, the child should eat the same foods and dishes, but cooked without rubbing and sharp mechanical grinding. Several times a week, you can eat well-baked lean buns, cheesecakes with cottage cheese, pies with apples, boiled meat or fish, eggs. It is not contraindicated to use milk sauce as a gravy (without sautéing flour) with the addition of butter, sour cream, as well as fruit and milk-fruit sauces.

Below are exemplary one-day menus for children with CG with normal or increased secretory function of the stomach during an exacerbation (diet No. 16; Table 20) and without an exacerbation (diet No. 1 pureed and No. 1 non-purified; Table 21).

Table 20. Approximate seven-day menu for a child with exacerbation of chronic gastritis with normal or increased secretion, or with peptic ulcer of the stomach or duodenum (diet No. 16)

Feeding	Name of the dish	Serving, g, ml
		3-6 years old	7-10 years old	11-14 years old
After sleep 20-30 minutes before meals
First breakfast	fish pudding Liquid potato puree
Lunch	Milk jelly
20-30 minutes before lunch
	Creamy oat milk soup Steam meat cutlets mashed rice porridge Kissel from dried fruits White bread crackers
	Curd cream
	Pureed buckwheat milk porridge Soft-boiled egg White bread crackers

Table 21. Approximate one-day menu for a child suffering from chronic gastritis with normal or increased secretion or peptic ulcer of the stomach or duodenum, in the stage of fading exacerbation (wipe diet No. 1) and in the period without exacerbation (wipe diet No. 1)

Feeding	Diet number 1 pureed	Diet number 1 unmashed	Serving, g, ml
			3-6 years old	7-10 years old	11-14 years old
After sleep 20-30 minutes before meals	Infusion of yarrow, chamomile and plantain	Infusion of yarrow, chamomile and plantain
First breakfast	Natural steam omelette Carrot puree Surrogate coffee with milk White bread with butter	Natural steam omelette Salad of boiled carrots with vegetable oil Surrogate coffee with milk White bread with butter
Lunch	Baked apple with sugar	Baked apple with sugar
20-30 minutes before lunch	Cabbage or potato juice	Cabbage or potato juice
	rice milk soup Steam meat cutlets Mashed potatoes Dried fruit compote, grated White bread	rice milk soup Steam meat cutlets Mashed potatoes Dried fruit compote White bread
	Cookies	Cookies
	Tea with milk White bread with butter and grated cheese	Oatmeal porridge "Hercules" milk Tea with milk White bread with butter and cheese

In case of intolerance to milk, it should be excluded from the diet. In this case, the amount of protein required by age is compensated by an increase in other protein-containing products (meat, fish, eggs, cottage cheese) and the inclusion of special medicinal products containing an increased amount of protein (protein enpit). And if there are no exacerbations of the disease during the year, the child can be transferred to the usual diet.

V.G. Liflyandsky, V.V. Zakrevsky

Parents often cannot understand what is happening to their child. He eats poorly, constantly complains of pain, irritable. Therefore, at the first signs of gastritis, you need to go to the doctor. Gastritis can occur even in children of two years of age. However, most often it occurs in children 5-6 years old and 9-12 years old. The most common causes of gastritis are allergies, constant stress, infection and malnutrition. Since the digestive system of babies is not yet fully developed, it is not able to digest certain types of foods. In addition, low-quality products are very harmful for children, they irritate the gastric mucosa, which can cause gastritis.

Proper nutrition for gastritis in children

With gastritis, children should consume a balanced diet in small quantities. During the day, the child should eat up to six times. Snacks should not be allowed, the child should eat regularly at a certain time. You also need to make sure that the child does not overeat. During the day, the child needs to drink plenty of fluids. It is better to give preference to mineral non-carbonated water. You can read more about nutrition for gastritis in this article.

Complications of gastritis in children

1. You need to start by drawing up a daily routine for the child.
2. During the day, the child should eat 5-6 times.
3. Meals should be at room temperature. Never give your child hot or cold food.
4. Products must not contain harmful substances. The child should consume fresh and high-quality products.
5. In the child's menu, you need to include boiled foods and in the form of mashed potatoes. Such food is easier to digest, so it does not irritate the stomach. You can read more about the menu in this post.
6. It is necessary to exclude fatty, spicy and salty foods, carbonated drinks from the child's diet.
7. You need to make sure that the child chews food thoroughly. The child should eat a portion of the dish within 15-20 minutes. Be sure to read to become "proper nutrition for gastritis."

Proper nutrition for gastritis in preschool children

Menu for gastritis in children

Before compiling the menu, you need to determine the products that caused gastritis, they must be excluded from the menu. In the diet of the child, you need to include only high-quality and fresh products. Food should be light, well chopped. It is not advisable for children to give solid and rough food; it greatly irritates the gastric mucosa. Preference should be given to food that is steamed, in the oven and boiled dishes. Be sure to review the article "Therapeutic nutrition for gastritis."

What is good and what is bad for gastritis

When compiling a menu for children with gastritis, you need to include healthy foods and exclude harmful ones.

Products that need to be included in the menu of a child with gastritis:

1. Soups. It is advisable to cook them in vegetable broth. To prepare the soup, you can take cereals, fish, meat. Soup should not be greasy. For children suffering from gastritis, milk soups can be prepared.
2. Dairy. Children can be given milk, yogurt, cheese. Dairy products should be taken with a low fat content. You can also cook various cottage cheese casseroles, cook milk porridge.
3. Kashi. They must be included in the diet of children suffering from gastritis. It is necessary to give preference to oatmeal, rice and buckwheat porridge. They can be cooked in milk and add honey, dried fruits, cinnamon.
4. Fruit. You can include only licorice fruits in the child's diet. Before serving, the fruit must be peeled.
5. Vegetables. You can include potatoes, cauliflower, carrots, and beets in your child's diet. It is advisable to cook vegetables in the form of mashed potatoes. In this form, they are easier to digest and digest.
6. Meat. Only lean meats can be included in the child's diet. It can be chicken, beef, rabbit meat. From meat it is best to cook steam cutlets. Boiled meat can be served to a child only chopped.
7. Bread. You can only consume stale white bread, crackers.
8. Fish. For children, you need to take only lean fish. Fish dishes can be boiled and steamed. In no case should you include fried fish in your child's diet. You can view our special article "nutrition for gastritis recipes".

In short: “How does gastritis, stomach and intestinal ulcers appear”

Products that should not be included in the menu of a child with gastritis:

• black bread;
• meat and fish canned food;
• vegetables (white cabbage, onion, radish, garlic);
• ice cream;
• cold and carbonated drinks;
• chocolate products.

Sample menu for gastritis in children:

• Breakfast: milk porridge and cocoa.
• Second breakfast: juice from a stale bun.
• Lunch: vegetable soup and compote.
• Snack: white croutons with milk.
• Dinner: boiled fish with vegetables and cottage cheese casserole with tea.

Article last updated: 04/10/2018

In a children's medical institution, you can always see many small children in line for a gastroenterology specialist. Why does gastritis occur in these crumbs? How to treat gastritis in children? And what measures to take to avoid this disease? Gastritis in a child often manifests itself at school age, when the student is in contact with a large number of people, does not always eat right, and experiences stress.

Pediatrician, gastroenterologist

The surface inside the stomach is covered with a mucous membrane. And sometimes the mucous membrane is involved in the inflammatory process. This process is called gastritis.

Forms of gastritis

The disease is classified according to various criteria. Today, medicine distinguishes between several types of gastritis. The symptoms and treatment for each type are different. That is why it is necessary to consult a specialist if you suspect a disease.

1. According to the course of the disease, children's gastritis is divided into acute and chronic gastritis.

2. Types of gastritis by acid release:

• gastritis with high acidity;
• gastritis with low acid production;
• gastritis with normal secretion.

Common to all forms signs of gastritis in a child:

1. Pain. As a rule, children with gastritis have pain in the upper abdomen (near the stomach). The intensity of pain depends on the degree of inflammation and the pain threshold of the individual child. Therefore, the pain may be mild, not intense, or too severe.
2. Heaviness and discomfort in the abdomen. It occurs as an isolated symptom, and in combination with pain.
3. Heartburn. It is noted to increase in children with body tilt and physical exertion. The symptom is described as a burning sensation in the region of the upper stomach and behind the breasts. Some children may experience a burning sensation all the way down the esophagus to the level of the throat, followed by a sour taste in the mouth.
4. Belching and reflux. In this case, the child has an unpleasant odor in the mouth.
5. Poor appetite and refusal to eat.
6. Nausea and vomiting. Both of these manifestations either complement each other or appear separately.
7. Violation of the digestive processes. Due to gastritis, the first stage of food processing is disrupted. This leads to disturbances at all stages of the digestive process. The child has bloating, diarrhea or constipation, anemia, hypovitaminosis, and other signs of malabsorption of nutrients.
8. External changes. Paleness of the skin, a tongue with a grayish or whitish coating may indirectly indicate the existence of gastritis with impaired digestion.

The signs that characterize the disease are very extensive. But there are specific symptoms that indicate the development of a certain form.

Signs of an acute form of gastritis in a child:

1. Abdominal pain. Both severe spasmodic pain and constant aching can be observed.
2. Heartburn, sometimes acid reflux after eating.
3. Frequent nausea, vomiting. The vomit has a sour smell. Sometimes the child vomits bile.
4. Excessive salivation or dry mouth.
5. Chair disorder. Appears as or .
6. Weakness of the body, which is accompanied by dizziness and headache.
7. Strong sweating.
8. Low blood pressure and tachycardia (rapid heartbeat).

Common signs of chronic gastritis

Sometimes signs of this type are poorly expressed. So pay attention to all the symptoms:

The specifics of the manifestation of the atrophic form of gastritis:

1. In the foreground, not painful, but dyspeptic syndrome in the form of heaviness in the abdomen, a violation of the digestive process and the absorption of nutrients.
2. The atrophic form of gastritis disrupts the general condition of the child, causes anemia and hypovitaminosis.

Symptoms of gastritis with high acidity, when excess gastric secretion occurs:

1. Pain is the main symptom. It can be triggered by food or physical activity of the child.
2. Heartburn and belching sour.
3. The condition of the child as a whole is rarely disturbed.

• infectious gastritis;

Not everyone knows that gastritis is a contagious disease. Previously, it was believed that all varieties of this disease are not infectious. As it became known recently, this statement is not true. With inflammation or infection in the child's body, an allergic reaction and gastritis may occur.

In turn, infectious gastritis in children is caused by bacteria or viruses.

Helicobacter pylori (H. Pylori). This is a common cause of gastritis. In the occurrence of chronic gastritis, the role of Helicobacter pylori has been accurately proven. This microorganism can only exist in the stomach with high acidity.

Therefore, the bacterium is the cause of chronic gastritis only under the condition of increased production of gastric juice and hydrochloric acid. Inflammation of Helicobacter pylori with reduced secretory activity of the stomach is impossible.

Viral gastritis in children- This is an inflammation of the mucous surface of the stomach caused by viral infections, such as cytomegalovirus, herpes, and so on.

• malnutrition of the child;

Ideally, all babies should be fed. But sometimes a mother is unable to breastfeed her baby. And it's good if you can immediately find a mixture that is suitable for your baby.

The first year of the baby is the most responsible. Frequent changes in infant formula, the wrong choice of baby food, untimely or incorrect introduction of additional products - all this leaves its mark. Given that the child's digestive system is still immature, the load becomes serious.

Further, at an older age, irregular meals, refusal of the first meal, a snack instead of a full meal, a diet devoid of nutrients, very hot or, conversely, too cold dishes are a direct path to the development of the disease.

Remember that chocolate, cookies and even plain caramel contribute to gastritis. Children's doctors forbid offering any sweets to children until at least three years of age. This also applies to cookies. The exception is specially prepared for young children.

• stressful situations;

Gastritis often develops due to stress. The stress in the life of a child is no less than that of adults. And sometimes even more.

Among the most common stresses in children are moving to another city, moving to a new educational institution, the appearance of a younger brother or sister, unfavorable interpersonal relationships in kindergarten or at school. Especially strong stress for those children whose parents often swear with each other.

And don't forget another important factor. What is the child watching on TV? What games does he play? And how many times a day? Remember that even good cartoons and fairy tales in large quantities have a very serious impact on the children's nervous system.

• food poisoning;

Toxins have a destructive effect on the lining of the stomach, provoking its inflammation. And inflammation is gastritis.

Carefully monitor the quality of children's products. Pay attention to the date of manufacture and temperature storage conditions.

• other diseases;

Sometimes gastritis occurs as a result of existing childhood diseases, such as hepatitis, cholecystitis.

Therefore, if the crumbs in the body have a source of chronic infection - nephritis, sinusitis, dental caries - the risk of gastritis increases significantly.

In addition, gastritis can be caused by the presence of Giardia and other intestinal worms in the child's body. They severely damage the gastric mucosa, causing irritation and inflammation.

• medicines;

Gastritis can cause a variety of pharmacological agents. Medicines often cause severe irritation and inflammation of the gastric mucosa. It is unlikely that a single use of the drug will lead to gastritis. But the systemic use of certain drugs can provoke inflammation of the gastric mucosa.

However, in some cases this cannot be avoided. For example, when a child gets sick and needs a course of treatment with some aggressive drugs. The doctor must take into account the threat of gastritis and try to prevent it. But very often it is the parents who are the culprits of such gastritis.

Often, adults treat the child on their own, giving him certain medications without consulting a doctor. And as a natural result - the development of gastritis. All drugs should be prescribed only by a pediatrician.

• genetic factors.

It is known that many diseases tend to be inherited. Gastritis is no exception. If the mother, father or one of the closest relatives of the child has gastritis, only the slightest provocative aspect is needed (for example, a small mistake in the diet), and the gastritis will immediately declare itself.

Clinical symptoms and complaints of the child will push the doctor or parents to the assumption of the presence of gastritis. Since a more dangerous disease of the stomach or other organs can be hidden under the guise of ordinary gastritis, such a child needs detailed diagnosis and careful observation.

How can you tell if your child has gastritis?

The methods used to treat gastritis differ depending on the aspects that caused the condition. Therefore, the treatment of chronic gastritis may be slightly different from the treatment of acute gastritis, as their causes are usually different.

Since chronic gastritis is caused by the H. pylori bacterium, treatment of the chronic form should be aimed at eradicating the bacteria.

On the other hand, acute gastritis is usually the result of food poisoning or overuse of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Most doctors advise taking medications to regulate stomach acids so that the symptoms of the disease remain under control.

Medications that are part of the treatment for gastritis:

1. Antacids to neutralize stomach acids.
2. Medications to block acids and promote healing.
3. Antibiotics to kill H. Pylori bacteria.
4. Medications to reduce acid production.

How and how to treat various forms of gastritis in a child?

The treatment regimen for acute gastritis consists of several steps:

1. Gastric lavage using a probe or by drinking plenty of water with further provoking vomiting.
2. The use of sorbents (activated carbon, Smecta, Enterosgel).
3. Taking antacids (Venter, Almagel, Phosphalugel, Maalox).
4. With a long course of the inflammation process, a decrease in the production of gastric acid is recommended (Famotidine, Ranitidine).
5. Enzymatic medicines (Creon, Pancreatin).
6. Diet food. Gentle products that do not irritate the gastric mucosa.
7. With severe pain, antispasmodics are indicated (Baralgin, Papaverine, No-shpa).

Never give your child any medication on your own. Medicinal treatment should be carried out exclusively under the strict supervision of a specialist. And, of course, only by prescription. Therefore, doctors prefer to treat children's gastritis in a hospital setting.

Treatment of gastritis in a child depends on what exactly caused the disease. Successful treatment is possible when the causes are eliminated. Otherwise, the disease will return.

But there are general provisions that are relevant for all cases. If they are not followed, the treatment will not be successful.

Psychological atmosphere

Remember that all types of stress are the most fertile soil for gastritis. Thus, these stresses need to be eliminated. It is necessary to create the most comfortable psychological situation for the child.

Gastritis cannot be cured without changing the child's diet. Talk to your doctor. This will help you choose the menu that is perfect for your baby.

In any form of childhood gastritis, special importance is attached to dietary nutrition. The duration of treatment depends on the severity of the disease and the duration of the relapse-free course of chronic processes.

Nutrition tips for children with gastritis:

This problem worries many parents whose child with overweight and chronic gastritis restricts food for a long time and cannot lose it. This question also applies to those who lose weight with an acute form of gastritis, but after a while they begin to get fat sharply.

Sample menu for one day:

When a child is diagnosed with gastritis (and it doesn't matter what form), do not be upset and do not be afraid that a full, healthy life is over. It just takes time to review the principles of nutrition and the level of physical activity in the family.

How to prevent gastritis? Prevention of gastritis in children:

1. Keep batteries and similar items out of the reach of children. Button batteries are easily swallowed and can cause serious harm. Keep all batteries and toxic artifacts out of reach of children. Use child locks to protect children from dangerous items.
2. Do not give your child foods that cause irritation. Foods such as oranges and other citrus fruits can cause burning or even pain. Give your child a variety of healthy foods. Examples: fruits (not citrus fruits), vegetables, low-fat dairy products, beans, whole grain bread, lean meats and fish. Encourage your child to eat small meals and not drink water with meals. Don't let your child eat 3 hours before bed.
3. Do not smoke around the child. Nicotine and other substances in tobacco products can aggravate symptoms and cause lung damage.
4. Help your child relax and reduce stress. Nervous strain can increase the amount of stomach acid and make gastritis more pronounced.

Thus, when a child is diagnosed with gastritis, it is unpleasant, but not fatal. Treatment must be approached comprehensively. In addition to medicines, the baby must strictly follow a diet. This will prevent the occurrence of pain attacks and accelerate the healing of the mucosa.

(4 ratings, average: 4,75 out of 5)